Ministry of Bahrain - Filling Material Details

Standard Specification- Ministry of Housing- Kingdom of Bahrain
SECTION 2
EXCAVATIONS AND EARTHWORKS
MATERIALS
2.1 Topsoil
Only such soil will be taken as topsoil which, in a loosened state, contains
mineral elements besides the normal inorganic components in adequate
quantity to serve as a nutrient medium for vegetation when watered.
2.2 Fill Materials
a. Class 1:
Class 1 fill is a crusher run type material normally used as a road base.
It shall be good, hard well-graded material screened and crushed as
necessary to lie within the grading envelope given below when tested
in accordance with BS 1377 Test 7. The fill material shall be non-
plastic when tested in accordance with BS 1377 and the content of clay
and friable particles when determined in accordance with ASTM C
142, shall not exceed 1% for any individual sieve size fraction. The
total sulphate content as SO3 of the material shall not exceed 1% and
the total soluble salts shall not exceed 2%.
Grading Envelope for Class 1
Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

50 mm 100
37.5 mm 95-100
20 mm 50-75
5 mm 25-50
0.6 mm 8-30
0.075 mm 0-10
-3- MAY 2010

b. Class 2
Class 2 fill is normally employed as a road sub-base material and shall

be good, hard well-graded material, screened and crushed as necessary
to lie within the grading envelope given below when tested in
accordance with BS 1377 Test 7. The CBR of the material when tested
in accordance with Clause 5.1.4 of BS 1377 at the density likely to
exist in the field shall not be less than 30%. The liquid limit shall not
be more than 25% and the plasticity index shall not exceed 6% when
tested in accordance with BS 1377. The total soluble salts shall not
exceed 2%.

75 mm 100
37.5 mm 85-100
10 mm 45-100
5 mm 20-65
0.6 mm 8-45
0.075 mm 0-20
c. Class 3
Class 3 fill is desert fill type material and shall be a selected, graded,
hard granular material free from clay and deleterious substances. The
total sulphate content as SO3 of the material shall not exceed 1% and
the total soluble salts shall not exceed 2%. The grading of the fill shall
lie within the grading envelope given below when tested in accordance
with BS 1377 Test 7. Where the percentage passing the 0.075mm sieve
is greater than 8%, the plasticity index shall not exceed 20% when
tested in accordance with BS 1377.

100 mm 100
5 mm 0-50
0.075 mm 0-20
-4- MAY 2010

d. Class 4
Class 4 fill is a dredged sand type material normally employed as

common fill. The material shall be evenly graded and shall lie within
the grading envelope given below when tested in accordance with BS
1377 Test 7. The material shall be non-plastic when tested in
accordance with BS 1377. The total sulphate content as SO3 of the
material shall not exceed 1% and the total soluble salts shall not
exceed 2%.

5 mm 95-100
0.075 mm 0-8
e. Class 5
Class 5 fill is a single size-type material normally employed as a

drainage blanket medium. The material shall be good hard rock
screened and crushed to lie within the grading envelope shown below
and shall be free from deleterious material.

50 mm 100
37.5 mm 95-100
20 mm 0-5
f. Class 6
Class 6 fill is a crusher dust type material. It shall be good, hard rock
screened and crushed to lie within the grading envelope shown below
and free from natural sand, silt, clay and any other deleterious material.
Class 6 fill shall also be non-plastic when tested in accordance with BS
-5- MAY 2010

1377 and shall not be susceptible to breakdown under moist conditions.

The total sulphate content as SO3 of the material shall not exceed
1%and the total soluble salts shall not exceed 2%.

10 mm 100
5 mm 95-100
g. Class 7
Class 7 is a hardcore material. It shall be good stone, concrete, hard

tiles or other approved material not exceeding 100mm gauge with not
more than 1% passing a 20mm sieve. The fill shall not be susceptible
to breakdown under moist conditions and shall not contain any
deleterious materials. The total sulphate content as SO3 of the material
shall not exceed 1% and the total soluble salts shall not exceed 2%.
h. Class 8
Class 8 fill is a crushed aggregate material normally employed as a

pipe bedding or pipe surround (note: it is not suitable for UPVC pipes).
The material shall be hard, draining, clean, silt and clay free, and
chemically stable stone in accordance with BS 882. It shall be screened
and crushed to lie within the grading envelope given below when
tested in accordance with BS 1377 Test 7. The permitted limits for the
soluble chloride and soluble sulphate levels shall be those specified for
concrete aggregates.
-6- MAY 2010

Sieve Percentage by Mass Passing Sieve

Size
mm For pipes of For pipes of
Diameter Diameter
400 mm to 600 mm 600mm and
above
20 100 -
14 85 - 100 100
10 0 - 50 85 - 100
5 0 - 10 0 - 25
2.36 - 0-5
j. Class 9
Class 9 fill material is normally employed as a pipe bedding for UPVC

pipes. Unless noted otherwise, Class 9 fill shall comply with the
requirements for Class 8 fill and shall be one of the following:
i) Crushed aggregate in accordance with the grading for Class 8 fill

except that the percentage passing a 10mm sieve shall be 100%.
ii) Rounded (not crushed) aggregate.
iii) Clean sand to BS 882 Table 5 Zone C.
2.3 Selected Excavated Material
Selected excavated material shall be deemed suitable for backfilling only if

compliance with the Class 3 or Class 4 fill materials requirements is met.
The material shall also be free from vegetable matter and other deleterious
materials.
-7- MAY 2010

2.4 Agricultural Sand
Sweet sand shall comply with the requirements of Ministry of Housing

specifications for landscaping. It shall be obtained from an approved location
free from stones, chlorides and deleterious matters and shall be suitable for
plant growth.
2.5 Sand Blinding
Sand blinding shall be a dredged sand, evenly graded and shall be within a
grading envelope when tested in accordance with BS 1377 Test 7 as follows:
Sieve Size by Mass Passing

5 mm 95-100
0.075 mm 0-8
WORKMANSHIP
2.6 Excavations
a. The Contractor must ascertain the nature of the site. The contractor
shall include for excavating in whatever type of soil encountered
including rock as defined in clause 2.7, desert fill, hardcore, rubble,
etc. and for removing all small isolated obstructions encountered and
for filling voids with hard dry materials. All measurements shall be
approved the Engineer
b. Excavation shall be accurately cut to the lines and levels shown on the
drawing or to such depths and dimensions as shall be determined by
the Engineer.
c. Should any excavation work be in excess of the dimensions shown,

whether specified or authorized then the excess volume shall be filled
in with approved Grade 20 concrete - Table 3.1 or hardcore as required
by the Engineer. The whole cost of the filling excessive excavations
shall be borne by the Contractor.
d. If through the operations of the Contractor any excavated surface is

softened or otherwise made unsuitable, the Contractor shall at his own
-8- MAY 2010

Ministry of Bahrain - Filling Material Details

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Standard Specification- Ministry of Housing- Kingdom of Bahrain

EXCAVATIONS AND EARTHWORKS

2.2 Fill Materials

Grading Envelope for Class 1

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

-3- MAY 2010

Class 2 fill is normally employed as a road sub-base material and shall

Grading Envelope for Class 2

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

Grading Envelope for Class 3

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

-4- MAY 2010

Class 4 fill is a dredged sand type material normally employed as

Grading Envelope for Class 4

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

Class 5 fill is a single size-type material normally employed as a

Grading Envelope for Class 5

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

-5- MAY 2010

1377 and shall not be susceptible to breakdown under moist conditions.

Grading Envelope for Class 6

Sieve Size % by Mass Passing

Class 7 is a hardcore material. It shall be good stone, concrete, hard

Class 8 fill is a crushed aggregate material normally employed as a

-6- MAY 2010

Grading Envelope for Class 8

Sieve Percentage by Mass Passing Sieve

Class 9 fill material is normally employed as a pipe bedding for UPVC

i) Crushed aggregate in accordance with the grading for Class 8 fill

ii) Rounded (not crushed) aggregate.

iii) Clean sand to BS 882 Table 5 Zone C.

2.3 Selected Excavated Material

Selected excavated material shall be deemed suitable for backfilling only if

-7- MAY 2010

2.4 Agricultural Sand

Sweet sand shall comply with the requirements of Ministry of Housing

2.5 Sand Blinding

Sieve Size by Mass Passing

c. Should any excavation work be in excess of the dimensions shown,

d. If through the operations of the Contractor any excavated surface is

-8- MAY 2010

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