Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

LISTS OF SPECIES ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Chec List Journal of species lists and distribution Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Muthulingam Udayakumar, Muniappan Ayyanar and Thangavel Sekar * Pachaiyappa’s College, Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Division of Biodiversity and Biotechnology. Chennai, 600 030, TN, India. * Corresponding author. E-mail: tsekar_bot@yahoo.com Abstract: We provide a checklist of Angiosperms along with the details of life form from a ~ 9.6 ha of non-concreted area of Pachaiyappa’s College (PC) campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu state, India. This area harbors 256 species belonging to 212 genera in 71 families. Families with maximum number of species include Fabaceae (31 species) followed by Malvaceae (15), Euphorbiaceae (13), Apocynaceae (12), Acanthaceae and Poaceae (11 each), Bignoniaceae and Rubiaceae (eight each) and Arecaceae, Moraceae, Rutaceae and Verbenaceae (seven each). The surveyed area represents a remnant of tropical dry evergreen forest (TDEF), as a substantial number of species collected in the present study belong exclusively to the Coromandel Coast (CC) TDEFs. PC is still preserving the biodiversity by means of strict rules and regulations enforced for the maintenance of the college premises. Introduction The forest types of Coromandel Coast (CC) of peninsular India include tropical dry evergreen forests (TDEFs), dry evergreen scrubs and mangroves (Champion and Seth 1968). The Coromandel coastal plains extend about 80-100 km inland from the coast (Mani 1974). Floristically, TDEF is distinguished by a fair representation of characteristic and preferential species, exclusively or mostly confined to this vegetation type (Champion and Seth 1968; MeherHomji 1974). The tropical dry evergreen forests occurring in patches, short-statured, largely three-layered, tree dominated evergreen forests with a sparse and patchy ground flora (Venkateswaran and Parthasarathy 2003). Invariably the TDEF patches are protected by the local people as sacred groves (SGs) (Parthasarathy et al. 2008; Udayakumar and Parthasarathy 2010). TDEFs have been distinguished from other forest types by various authors (Sebastine and Ellis 1967; Champion and Seth 1968; Rao and Meher-Homji 1993) and they represent a peculiar type, confined to the southeastern coast of India, northwest Sri Lanka (Blasco and Legris 1973), northeastern Thailand (Bunyavejechewin 1999) and Jamaica (Kelly et al. 1988). As to the inventory of plant biodiversity of TDEFs of CC, Parthasarathy and Karthikeyan (1997) listed a total of 54 woody plant species in 47 genera and 31 families from two sacred groves of Cuddalore district; Reddy and Parthasarathy (2003) documented 39 (34 genera and 24 families) woody liana species from four sacred groves; Venkateswaran and Parthasarathy (2003) documented the presence of 46 woody flowering plant species (43 genera in 25 families) from two sacred groves; Mani and Parthasarathy (2005) recognized 60 tree species (49 genera in 24 families) from five sacred groves in Pudukottai district of Tamil Nadu; Venkateswaran and Parthasarathy (2005) identified 29 tree species (26 genera in 26 families) from a sacred grove of Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu. Urban green space that includes streets with trees, parks, vegetated colleges and schools plays vital role in Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 conservation of local environment. It can decrease the urban island heat effect (Chow and Roth 2006), storm water run-off and flooding (Mc Pherson et al. 1997). Trees of the concretized urban environment render food to birds and other city dwelling animals (Fernandez-Zuricic 2000). They act as noise filters, air purifiers, sequester carbon and pollutant traps (Mc Pherson 1997; Beckett et al. 2000). Urban greening and urban forests are particularly important to healthy cities in developing countries (Thaiutsa et al. 2008). Due to escalating urbanization, green space and urban trees become increasingly important in developing countries (Cy 2006). Documentation of existing green spaces of the urban environment is important to determine existing resources and to set target for future improvements (Miller 1996). Results of tree inventory and assessment of urban environment can be a useful tool in urban planning and conservation of important tree species (Cy 2006). Urbanization is one of the major reasons for destruction of the natural vegetation. Urbanized areas can also harbor a high number of threatened species (Sodhi et al. 2010). Considering the importance of enumeration of plants, particularly in a typical metropolitan area such as Chennai, we made a qualitative floristic survey and prepared a checklist of angiosperm species of Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai which has a protected patch of the Coromandel Coast TDEFs. Materials and methods Study site Qualitative angiosperm floristic survey was carried out in about ~9.6 ha of Pachaiyappa’s College (13°07’30” N, 80°23’31” E), established in the year 1842, and one of the oldest and famous institutions of Higher learning in Tamil Nadu. It is located in middle of the Chennai, the most populated, metropolitan and capital city of Tamil Nadu state, south India. The total area of the College is about ~16 ha and it is a part of the Coromandel Coast. The city is experiencing tropical dissymmetric climate and receiving 037 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India bulk of rainfall during the north-east monsoon (OctoberDecember). Average annual rainfall received by the city is ~1,300 mm. The average temperature is 37 °C in summer and 24 °C in winter (Chennai District 2009). The east of the city is lined up by the sea shore of Bay of Bengal and the north, west and south are bound by land (Thiruvallur district) (Figure 1). Data collection During March-June 2009 enumeration of angiosperm flora was carried out by qualitative floristic survey in about 60 days in a total of ~9.6 ha. Species were identified using regional floras (Gamble 1921-1935; Matthew 1991; Nair et al. 1983; Henry et al. 1987; 1989). Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II was followed to classify the species. For all documented species the binomial and author citation were checked thoroughly with IPNI (International Plant Names Index). The well preserved specimens with voucher number were deposited in Herbarium of Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Results and Discussion This qualitative floristic survey revealed the presence of 256 Angiosperm species belonging to 212 genera in 71 families. Plant binomial, family, life form and voucher number are provided in Table 1. The most speciose families include Fabaceae (31 species) followed by Malvaceae (15), Euphorbiaceae (13), Apocynaceae (12), Acanthaceae and Poaceae (11 each), Bignoniaceae and Rubiaceae (8 each) and Arecaceae, Moraceae, Rutaceae and Verbenaceae (7 each), whereas 29 families represented by a single species which include Aristolochiaceae, Bixaceae, Caricaceae, Celastraceae, Cornaceae and Clusiaceae etc., (Table 1). Among life-forms trees dominate the campus with 99 species followed by herbs (76), shrubs (51), lianas (22) and herbaceous climbers (8). Dicotyledons are more common with 222 (66.72%) species followed by monocotyledons with 34 (13.28%) species. Mayuranathan (1994) reported 1039 species (843 dicotyledons and 196 monocotyledons) of flowering plants from the entire Chennai district. Giles Lal and Livingstone (1978) have documented 458 (256 woody plants and 202 herbs) flowering plant species from ca. 151 ha campus of an age-old Madras Christian College (MCC), Chennai. Fabaceae is the dominant family in Chennai district, MCC as well as PC with 87, 59 and 31 species respectively. Presence of Cordia obliqua, Ecbolium viride, Ixora pavetta, Pavetta indica, Pterospermum canescens, Sansevieria roxburghiana and Streblus asper confirms that the flora of the area studied is a remnant of tropical dry evergreen forests of Coromandel Coast. Among the plant species identified from PC, Delonix regia (IUCN 2009; Status: Vulnerable B1+2c ver. 2.3), Guaiacum officinale (IUCN 2009; Status: Endangered C2a ver. 2.3), Pterospermum canescens and Sansevieria roxburghiana (endemic to CC, Parthasarathy et al. 2008), are the most important species from the point of conservation. Important plant species are featured in Figures 2–6. Eight decades ago Cordia obliqua, Evolvulus nummularius and Spathodea companulata were only present at PC (Mayuranathan 1929), but now these species are distributed throughout the city. Cordia obliqua Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 Figure 1. Map showing the vegetation cover of the Pachaiyappa’s College campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. and Spathodea companulata are extensively planted as avenue tree, and Evolvulus nummularius spreads as a weed. Previously, Fyson (1921) reported 100 flowering plant species from whole Chennai district of which 55 species are available in the PC. The earlier works on TDEFs of CC has revealed the presence of 149 (122 genera and 49 families) species of Angiosperms including 42 woody liana and 102 tree species (Parthasarathy et al. 2008); Recently, Udayakumar and Parthasarathy (2010) recorded 312 (252 genera and 80 families) species of flowering plants from 86 sacred groves of southern Coromandel Coast of India. As reported by Mani (1974) that the CC extended up to 50-100 km inland from the coast, the study area is located 5 km inland from the Coast of Chennai constituting a part of the CC TDEFs. In Chennai itself such CC TDEFs patches are well protected in the Guindy National park and the Raj Bhavan, Chennai (Tamil Nadu Government 2009). As of now, approximately 40% (6.4 ha) of the College land is occupied by buildings and play grounds and the remaining 60% (9.6 ha) supports the life of various herbs, herbaceous climbers, shrubs, woody lianas and trees. Though the PC is located in the Chennai Metropolis, the biodiversity of the campus is protected by strict rules and regulations. Many of the introduced and exotic-ornamental plants are also growing along with the native flora to enhance the aesthetic value and biodiversity wealth of the campus. Documentation of plant biodiversity of the colleges is also an essential factor that promotes to evaluate the total biodiversity wealth of any particular place such as town, city, district etc. 038 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India A B C D E F Figure 2. A) Undisturbed tree stand of Pachaiyappa’s College campus; B) Allophylus cobbe (Sapindaceae); C) Bougainvillea spectabilis (Nyctaginaceae); D) Coccoloba uvifera (Polygonaceae); E) Cordia obliqua (Boraginaceae); F) Cordia sebestena (Boraginaceae). Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 039 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India A B C D E F Figure 3. A) Crateva magna (Brassicaceae); B) Crinum asiaticum (Amaryllidaceae); C) Delonix regia (Fabaceae); D) Guazuma ulmifolia (Malvaceae); E) Gisekia pharnaceoides (Gisekiaceae); F) Graptophyllum hortense (Acanthaceae). Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 040 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India A B C D E F Figure 4. A) Guaiacum officinale (Zygophyllaceae); B) Hamelia patens (Rubiaceae); C) Hibiscus schizopetalus (Malvaceae); D) Hybanthus enneaspermus (Violaceae); E) Jatropha multifida (Euphorbiaceae); F) Jatropha podagrica (Euphorbiaceae). Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 041 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India A B C D E F Figure 5. A) Pavetta indica (Rubiaceae); B) Pisonia alba (Nyctaginaceae); C) Punica granatum (Lythraceae); D) Senna alata (Fabaceae); E) Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae); F) Turnera ulmifolia (Turneraceae). Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 042 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India A B C D Figure 6. A) Limonia acidissima (Rutaceae); B) Couroupita guianensis (Lecythidaceae); C) Pterospermum canescens (Malvaceae); D) Quisqualis indica (Combretaceae). Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 043 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Table 1. Angiosperm plant species from Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The life-form was also presented (H = Herb; HC = Herbaceous climber; L = Liana; S = Shrub; T = Tree). Table 1. Continued. LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. Borassus flabellifer L. T 1539 TAXON LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. Andrographis echioides Nees H 1755 Barleria cristata L. Dipteracanthus prostratus Nees S H 1532 Ecbolium viride (Forssk.) Alston H 1591 1609 Justicia adhatoda L. S S Justicia procumbens L. S 1631 Aristolochiaceae Justicia gendarussa Burm.f H H 1633 Asparagaceae Justicia tranquebariensis L.f. Ruellia tuberosa L. Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. 1693 Trianthema portulacastrum L. H TAXON Acanthaceae Graptophyllum hortense Nees Caryota urens L. T Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H.Wendl. T 1553 1760 Cocos nucifera L. T 1570 Livistona chinensis R.Br. T T 1643 Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F.Cook T 1692 1632 Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. H 1521 Asparagus racemosus Willd. L H 1634 H L 1717 Sansevieria roxburghiana Schult.f. 1524 1588 Aizoaceae Amaranthaceae Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. Asteraceae 1671 1694 Acanthospermum hispidum DC. H 1751 1723 Ageratum conyzoides L. H Blumea wightiana DC. H 1749 1750 Achyranthes aspera L. H 1506 Tridax procumbens L. H 1726 Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Ex Schult. H 1510 Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. H Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-Hil. H 1516 Bignoniaceae 1748 Amaranthus spinosus L. H 1517 Bignonia capreolata L. L Gomphrena procumbens Zuccagni. H 1608 Crescentia cujeta L T 1534 1762 H 1518 Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. T 1636 S 1579 Amaranthus viridis L. Amaryllidaceae Crinum asiaticum L. Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. H 1580 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. T 1637 Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica L. T Annonaceae 1645 Markhamia stipulata Seem. T 1649 Millingtonia hortensis L.f. T Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv. T 1653 Tabebuia rosea DC. T 1709 Tecoma stans (L.) Kunth 1711 Bixaceae S Bixa orellana L. T 1535 1703 Annona squamosa L. T 1519 Boraginaceae Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari S 1522 Carmona retusa (Vahl) Masam. 1552 Cordia obliqua Willd. S T Cordia sebestena L. T 1575 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites T 1680 Apocynaceae Adenium obesum Roem. & Schult. 1574 S 1508 Heliotropium indicum L. H 1616 Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. T 1515 1725 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don H 1546 Trichodesma indicum R.Br. H S L 1585 Capparis decidua Edgew. Capparis sepiaria L. S 1548 Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. L 1617 Cleome viscosa L. H 1549 1662 Crateva magna DC. T 1578 Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. S L 1670 H 1687 Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. H Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. Caricaceae 1613 Secamone emetica (Retz.) Schult. L 1696 Carica papaya L. T 1551 L 1729 Casuarinaceae T 1733 Casuarina equisetifolia L. T 1557 Casuarina torulosa Aiton T 1558 1572 Celastraceae L 1560 Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T.Aiton Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn. Nerium oleander L. Tylophora indica Merr. Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. Araceae Colocasia antiquorum Schott Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Arecaceae Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 S L 1559 1592 Brassicaceae Celastrus paniculatus Willd. S 1565 Clusiaceae 044 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Table 1. Continued. Table 1. Continued. TAXON Calophyllum inophyllum L. LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. TAXON T 1545 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. In Engl. & Prantl T 1605 Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Cassia fistula L. T Colchicaceae Gloriosa superba L. HC Combretaceae LIFEFORM T S VOUCHER NO. 1541 1542 1543 1554 Quisqualis indica L. L 1686 Cassia hirsuta L. H Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. T 1714 Cassia occidentalis L. H 1745 Cassia roxburghii DC. T 1746 1555 Cassia siamea Lam. T 1556 Terminalia catappa L. T 1715 Commelinaceae Commelina benghalensis L. T HC 1567 H 1573 Clitoria ternatea L. Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D.Don 1756 Crotalaria trifoliastrum Willd. H Tradescantia discolor Raf. H 1721 Delonix regia (Bojer) Raf. T 1744 Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. H 1587 Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L. H Erythrina variegata L. T Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. HC 1763 1752 Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth T HC 1623 1593 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. T Mimosa pudica L. H 1640 Alangium salviifoliium (L.f.) Wangerin T 1511 Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Baker ex. K.Heyne T 1654 1669 T 1677 Costus speciosus Sm. H 1576 Pongamia pinnata Merr. T 1761 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. H 1635 Rhynchosia cana DC. Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt L 1568 Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. HC 1658 Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. Cyperus alternifolius L. H 1582 Gisekiaceae Cyperus rotundus L. H Kyllinga monocephala L.f. H 1757 1583 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea sepiaria J.Koenig ex Roxb. Cornaceae Costaceae Crassulaceae Cucurbitaceae Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) Dc. Senna alata (L.) Roxb. T 1682 HC 1689 S 1697 1698 Tamarindus indica L. T 1710 Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. H 1713 Gisekia pharnaceoides L. H 1603 Mappia foetida Miers S 1648 Leucas aspera Link H Ocimum americanum L. H 1641 1594 Ocimum tenuiflorum L. H 1664 1665 T 1577 1639 Euphorbiaceae Icacinaceae Acalypha amentacea Roxb. Acalypha indica L. S H 1504 Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A.Juss. 1571 Euphorbia heterophylla L. S H Euphorbia hirta L. H 1595 Lecythidaceae Jatropha curcas L. S 1627 Couroupita guianensis Aubl. S 1628 Lythraceae S 1629 Lawsonia inermis L. T Jatropha multifida L. 1604 S Cyperaceae Jatropha gossypifolia L. 1586 1505 Lamiaceae Jatropha podagrica Hook. S H 1630 Punica granatum L. Micrococca mercurialis Benth. 1652 Malvaceae S Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. S 1668 Ricinus communis L. Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Bombax ceiba L. T Tragia involucrata L. S HC 1722 Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. T 1612 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. S 1618 S 1619 Hibiscus tiliaceus L. T 1620 Hibiscus vitifolius L. S 1621 1690 Fabaceae Abrus precatorius L. L 1501 Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn. ex Benth. T 1503 Adenanthera pavonina L. T Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. T 1512 Melochia corchorifolia L. T Bauhinia racemosa Lam. T 1513 Pterospermum canescens Roxb. Albizia saman (Jacq.) F.Muell. Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 1507 Hibiscus schizopetalus Hook.f. 1533 Sida acuta Burm.f. S 1685 1502 1538 S 1651 H 1700 T 1684 045 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Table 1. Continued. Table 1. Continued. LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. Sida rhombifolia L. H Sterculia foetida L. T 1742 1706 Plumbaginaceae TAXON TAXON Rivina humilis L. LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. H 1691 Thespesia populnea (L.) Correa T 1716 Plumbago capensis Thunb. H 1678 Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. H 1727 Plumbago zeylanica L. H 1679 H 1743 Poaceae Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss S 1527 1650 Bambusa balcooa Roxb. S S 1529 1525 Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl. var. wamin S 1530 Chloris barbata Sw. S H 1531 1561 H 1581 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. H 1758 Triumfetta rotundifolia Lam. Martyniaceae Martynia annua L. H Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss. T Tiliacora acuminata Miers L 1718 Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook.f. & Thomson L 1719 Mollugo pentaphylla L. H Menispermaceae Molluginaceae Moraceae 1747 1523 Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl. var. striata Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Oplismenus compositus (L.) P.Beauv. Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. Sporobolus coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. T Ficus benghalensis L. T Ficus elastica Roxb. T 1597 T 1598 Coccoloba uvifera L. Ficus racemosa L. 1596 1528 H 1759 H 1699 H 1705 Polygonaceae Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. L 1520 T 1569 Ficus religiosa L. T 1599 Proteaceae Ficus tomentosa Roxb. ex Willd. T 1600 T 1610 T 1707 Grevillea robusta A.Cunn. ex R.Br. Drypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Hurus. T 1590 L T 1730 S 1547 Streblus asper Lour. Moringaceae Putranjivaceae Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. T 1657 Rhamnaceae Musa paradisiaca L. S 1661 Ventilago maderaspatana Gaertn. 1688 Rubiaceae Musaceae Ravenala madagascariensis J.F.Gmel. T Myrtaceae Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Stapf T Psidium guajava L. T Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels T 1544 1683 Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) Alston Hamelia patens Jacq. Hedyotis umbellata Lam. 1734 H S 1615 1614 Ixora pavetta Andrews T S 1624 1536 Morinda coreia Buch.-Ham. T 1656 1667 1540 Spermacoce ocymoides Burm.f. S H 1704 Aegle marmelos Correa T 1509 Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle T Citrus medica L. T 1563 1708 Nyctaginaceae Ixora coccinea L. 1625 Boerhavia diffusa L. H Boerhavia erecta L. H Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. L Pisonia alba Span. T Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis S 1607 Oleaceae Jasminum sambac (Soland.) L 1626 Limonia acidissima L. T 1564 T 1663 Murraya koenigii Spreng. T 1642 1659 T 1660 HC 1666 1720 Salicaceae S Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels T 1672 T Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. H 1673 S 1602 Phyllanthus emblica L. Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Azima tetracantha Lam. S S 1526 Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. S 1514 1537 1676 Ochnaceae Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. Passifloraceae Passiflora foetida L. Phyllanthaceae Phytolaccaceae Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 1674 1675 Pavetta indica L. Rutaceae Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack Toddalia asiatica Lam. Salvadoraceae Sapindaceae Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch. 046 Udayakumar et al. | Angiosperms, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Table 1. Continued. LIFEFORM VOUCHER NO. Cardiospermum halicacabum L. L 1550 Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. 1589 Filicium decipiens Thwaites S T 1601 Sapindus emarginatus Vahl. T 1695 Madhuca indica J.F.Gmel. T 1644 TAXON Sapotaceae Manilkara hexandra Dubard T Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen T Mimusops elengi L. T 1646 1647 1655 Scrophulariaceae H 1754 T 1701 Datura innoxia Mill. H 1584 Solanum trilobatum L. L 1753 H 1728 S 1566 Scoparia dulcis L. Simaroubaceae Simarouba glauca DC. Solanaceae Solanum americanum Mill. H Turneraceae Turnera ulmifolia L. 1702 Verbenaceae Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. Gmelina arborea Roxb. T 1606 Premna latifolia Roxb. S T 1638 Tectona grandis L.f. T 1712 Vitex negundo L. T Waltheria indica L. H 1731 Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. H 1622 Cissus quadrangularis L. L 1562 Lantana camara L. Violaceae 1681 1732 Vitaceae Zygophyllaceae Guaiacum officinale L. T 1611 Tribulus lanuginosus L. H 1724 Acknowledgments: The first author is thankful to Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi for their financial support through INSPIRE Fellowship (Ref. no: DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2009). The authors are thankful to Prof. M.P. Murugesan and Prof. Dr. K. Ajithadoss for their constant encouragement and support during the course of this study. The authors record their gratitude for the Head of the Department of Botany and the Principal, Pachaiyappa’s College for granting permission to undertake this study. Literature Cited Beckett, K.P., P. Freer-Smith and G. Taylor. 2000. Effective tree species for local air-quality management. Journal of Arboriculture 26: 12-19. Blasco, F. and P. Legris. 1973. Dry evergreen forests of Point Calimere and Marakanam. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 70: 279–294. Bunyavejchewin, S. 1999. Structure and dynamics in seasonal dry evergreen forest in northeastern Thailand. 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