Object

Straightforward mapping of detailed heathland habitat patches and their quality using remote sensing is hampered by (1) the intrinsic property of a high heterogeneity in habitat species composition (i.e. high intra-variability), and (2) the occurrence of the same species in multiple habitat types (i.e. low inter-variability). Mapping accuracy of detailed habitat objects can however be improved by using an advanced approach that specifically takes into account and exploits these inherent patch characteristics. To demonstrate the idea, we developed and applied a multi-step mapping framework on a protected semi-natural heathland area in the north of Belgium. The method consecutively consists of (1) a 4-level hierarchical land cover classification of hyperspectral airborne AHS image data, and (2) a kernel-based structural re-classification algorithm in combination with habitat patch object composition definitions. Detailed land cover composition data were collected in 1325 field plots. ...

Resumo - Este ensaio tem como enquadramento uma etnografia sobre a imigração recente de uma família de brasileiros para Portugal. Descreve o papel central das coisas que trouxeram consigo na reconstrução de hábitos, lembranças e status social do país de origem. Mostra a relação entre mudança, memória e cultura material nessa recriação do significado de lugar e como o lar pode ser simbolicamente reproduzido e reestabelecido a partir dos objetos. Como tal, eles são a dimensão concreta desse desdobramento das suas vidas recém-transformadas pela partida do Brasil e a chegada ao continente europeu. / Abstract - This essay is based on an ethnography on the recent immigration of a Brazilian family to Portugal. Describes the central role of the objects they brought with in the reconstruction of habits, memories and social status of their country of origin. It shows the relationship between move, memory and material culture to recreate the meaning of place and how the home can be symbolically reproduced and reestablished from objects. As such, they are the concrete dimension of this unfolding of their lives recently transformed by the departure of Brazil and the arrival on the European continent. /

The development of communication technology have motivated the Citizen and the Government to communicate through electronic medium. For successful communication, a multifaceted electronic instrument must act as an interface between the participants, which will uniquely identify the Citizen. A brief literature review of several relevant research works further validate this concept of electronic transactions. In India though we have several instruments, which claim to uniquely identify the Citizen, non of them have proved to be efficient enough for all type of transactions. As a part of collective functioning towards problem solving approach, the authors have proposed a multivariate electronic smart card based E-Governance model. The proposed instrument named as Multipurpose Electronic Card (MEC) will attempt to uniquely identify the Citizen during various types of electronic transactions. As the complete solution of this problem is beyond the reach of an individual, to strengthen the user authentication scheme of our proposed model, we have shown the initial design for Digital Certificate based security protocols during Citizen-to-Government (C2G) type of transaction. For validation of the Citizen's identity,
initially we have used name and date of birth of the Citi zen. To further strengthen the validation process, we intend to include other vital parameters of the Citizen in near future, which will also explore future scope of research works in this field. To summarize, we can say that, the main objective of this research paper is to show the user authentication protocol using Digital Certificates, based on the vital parameters of the Citizen during Citizen -to-Government (C2G) type of proposed E-Governance transaction.

El carácter participativo y el trazado estructural de la Red propician asumirla como repositorio único que reúne álbumes personales convirtiéndose así en depositaria de instantáneas propias y ajenas, en particular si atendemos a criterios visuales. Aun cuando prescindamos de archivar
material propio, la amplitud del repertorio indexado permite una cierta (en ocasiones certera) identificación.

En concreto, considerando esta extensión de lo personal nos planteamos una analogía entre nuestro espacio virtual (simulado) y el espacio poético (imaginado) de Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Así, la aproximación sensorial al objeto estaría mediatizada por una percepción hipersensible al modo en que el autor lo expresa en su Carta de Lord Chandos, inmerso en una realidad polifónica en expansión que llega a paralizarlo hasta el mutismo. La lectura poética posibilita determinar a través de la asociación mnemónica una proyección táctil de lo virtual: marcar puntos de encuentro para localizar aquellos referentes diluidos en el ritmo de consumo de nuestro entorno mudable. Tal es el caso de los proyectos online Galería de objetos encontrados y Biógrafo imaginario por su recuperación de una mirada romántica hacia el objeto buscando la proyección del sujeto.

Ser en el intercambio virtual es trazar rutas que densifican una sincronía ya intensa, al añadir aspectos diacrónicos e impregnar de tacto la representación virtual compuesta por imágenes, de hecho, desmaterializadas.

This paper summarises the research methodology and most important results of a study which was carried out on flowering plant depictions (representations) in late medieval religious paintings from southern central Europe. This approach derives from the studies of material culture by historians of everyday life. Plant depictions may be used as a source for archaeobotanical research and studies into vegetation history after fully recognising their particularities. Firstly, the pictures show “the reality effect” and not reality itself, and an abundance of apparently realistically depicted objects; secondly, the research must be fully contextual, considering both the contemporary cultural background and participants involved. Thirdly, as pictures are great mosaics of different experience and knowledge, their language is symbolic and their relationship with geographical space uncertain. This, however, does not mean that reading and interpreting pictures is impossible. The major results of this study include the list of plant species not discovered from archaeobotanical research; the knowledge that the frequencies of occurrence of plant depictions might correspond to their occurrence in real cultural spaces that also may be indicated in pictures; and it highlights the importance of using several types of sources when pursuing research into the history, uses and perceptions of plants in the medieval period.

Les plaquettes métalliques ornées du dessin d’un ou deux yeux correspondent à un type de matériel cultuel découvert dans une dizaine de sanctuaires préromains de la péninsule Ibérique. Ces objets, généralement considérés comme des ex-voto anatomiques, méritaient une étude à part entière. En effet, l’analyse détaillée de leur contexte de découverte et du matériel associé suggère, dans un certain nombre de cas, une vocation distincte à celle qui leur est traditionnellement attribuée. Insérées dans le système symbolique de la représentation frontale, ces plaquettes doivent être avant tout comprises comme des figurations d’une divinité dont les caractéristiques et les attributs s’apparentent à ceux de déesses comme Tanit ou Ataecina.

5th International Conference on Data Mining and Applications (DMA 2019) provides a forum for researchers who address this issue and to present their work in a peer-reviewed forum. Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Data mining and Applications.

... The fat and the sugar present in cakes, kato lole and tapu lole are highly appreciated in Tongan culture. ... 10 A matāpule is a man appointed by a chief to carry out mainly ceremonial, but also other duties on behalf of the chief (Wood-Ellem 1999: 304). 11 ...

The arrival of the body of King Tāufa‘āhau Tupou IV, in Tonga on 12 September 2006, prompted complex funerary rites modelled on those of the previous monarch, Queen Sālote. Instead of looking at how funerals reinforce kinship ties or what the effective cost is of the objects exchanged, I concentrate on the presented objects, which formed the focal point of the funerary rites. In doing so, I engage with Keane (2005: 184) who asserts the relevance of semiotics in answering the question: ‘How can we both understand things and do full justice to their materiality?’ I argue that traditional prestigious objects (barkcloth, mats, baskets and coconut oil), ‘modern-times’ valuables (flower garlands, flower baskets, and crocheted bed spreads), and contemporary objects (cakes wrapped in cling film, screens with chocolate, plastic baskets filled with bags of crisps, chocolate and sweets), materialise qualities the deceased king embodied as a descendant of a mythical ruler, as the fourth king in the modern Christian dynasty and as a contemporary ruler who reformed both education and economy. A consequence of materialising qualities is that they become contingently bound up with other qualities (Keane 2005: 188). I thus concentrate on those objects where the bundling of qualities is realised visually, examining how barkcloth, fine mats, baskets and coconut oil embody female generative power, protecting, controlling and linking qualities. It is the qualities of the objects bundled in the matter of the objects themselves that make some objects matter more than others.

Archaeometallurgy is one of the earliest manifestations of archaeometric research, using science-based approaches to address cultural–historical questions. This review first outlines the extent of the field, defining in some detail the main branches of archaeometallurgy, and their specific methodological approaches. It then looks at some of the early publications pioneering archaeometallurgical research, to set the scene for the publication pattern of archaeometallurgy in general, and the role that Archaeometry played in publishing archaeometallurgical research. The analysis of archaeometallurgy-themed publications in Archaeometry, their change over time and their relationship to the total range of work done in the field indicates that there is a rather narrowly defined and specific type of archaeometallurgy that gets published in Archaeometry, initially with a strong focus on coin and object analysis, often combined with method developments. The more recent developments in isotope-based studies in archaeometallurgy find only a limited representation in the journal, despite the leading role that the Isotrace Laboratory played in this discipline, for some considerable length of time. More recently, this Archaeometry-specific ‘flavour’ of archaeometallurgy seems to weaken, with an increase of papers on iron and on primary production in general, subjects still much under-represented.

There is a basic structure of real-time action in space lying underneath most of Vito Acconci’s works along his life, being these works categorized as performance, installation, sculpture or landscape design. This basic structure attributes to the place where the action is performed the role of transient object of art, attesting the influence of the principles that shaped the performance art of the 1960s and 1970s on Acconci’s body of works. In this article we will analyse the relation to space in Vito Acconci’s artistic process, grounded on the concept of “action-objects” proposed by Stiles (1998).

The Virtual Museum is an interactive, electronic museum where users can move from room to room, and select any exhibit in a room for more detailed examination. The exhibits in the museum are educational, encompassing topics such as medicine, plant growth, the environment, and space. To facilitate interaction with the museum, a new method for navigating through a prerendered 3D space, and interacting with objects in that space has been developed, called ‘virtual navigation’. Virtual navigation employs real-time video decompression for the display of, and interaction with, high-quality computer animation. In addition, a representation for 3D objects in animated sequences is used which permits pixel-accurate, frame-accurate object picking, so that a viewer can select any 3D object to trigger movement within the 3D space, to examine an exhibit in animated form, or to play a digital movie or soundtrack. The use of precomputed video permits 3D navigation in a realistic-looking space, without requiring special-purpose graphics hardware.

This paper aims to propose a data treatment method in order to efficiently exploit the major element compositional analyses made on slag inclusions (SI) of ferrous archaeological artefacts. This method is employed to study the reinforcements used in medieval monuments. The first part of the paper shows: (i) that SI composition can be very variable in an artefact and that it is necessary to analyse a sufficiently redundant number of inclusions; and (ii) that on the one hand a local concentration effect and, on the other hand additives during forging can cause this variability. Nevertheless, after filtering this data, it is showed that specific compounds (called here Non-Reduced Compounds – NRC) have in most of cases a constant ratio in the SI. This allows to evidence the signature of the system (ore, charcoal and pollutant) that produced the ferrous alloys. Moreover, a weighted average compound can be extracted from the results. It is demonstrated that, considering some specific elements with a different behaviour in the direct and indirect processes, it is possible to differentiate the two processes. A methodology is then proposed and applied to several samples gathered on different French medieval buildings to follow the diffusion of the indirect process in France.

We want to explain how any mathematical theory is committed to a pulsation between algebra and topology. 1) Our main aim is to show on one hand how every theory is an algebraic one, according to various notions of an algebraic theory, through sketches and up to figurative algebras, that is to say a question of equations between laws of composition of figures; and on the other hand how every theory is topological or toposical (toposique), that is to say an expression of facts of continuity and a geometrical organisation of these facts (but this approach comes an ambiguity). So we get insights into a possible construction of an Algebraic Theory similar to the Algebraic Geometry of Grothendieck. It could be underlined also that on the way we prove two new facts which are essential to our analysis, one of a general nature, and the other which is a rather peculiar observation: 2.1) We lay stress on figurative algebras, and as a by-product we get that : every category of models is the ful...

In this paper, an ancient Indian philosophy of architecture (Vaastu-Shastra) is explained and compared to the work of contemporary philosophers of technology. The knowledge of Vaastu is cognitively understood as the concept of instrumental understanding, sense- understanding, theoretical and scientific understanding that describes its own philosophical study. While comparing Vaastu to the modern philosophers of technology we are certainly reminded of the philosophies of Carl Mitcham, Albert Borgmann and Don Ihde in some or other way. The philosophical issues of these contemporary philosophers are very much interlinked to the Indian philosophy of Vaastu – for example (a) Mitcham’s concept of technology from the ancient time till today, perceives technology as an object, knowledge and activity along with three ways of “Being-with” technology. (b) Secondly, Borgmann’s analyses of pervasive influence of technology in human life from a different perspective - philosophically, socially, historically and scientifically, reflecting the way we have taken up the world both individually and collectively. (c) Thirdly, Ihde’s cultural hermeneutic of technology as a hermeneutic praxis and (d) lastly, Polanyi’s implicit and explicit knowledge. Interestingly, some points of agreement are noted between this very old form of knowledge with the modern philosophers of technology, which observes technology as object, process, and function.

The idea of comparing Whitehead with Bion was born when I first met Whitehead's idea, "the fallacy of misplaced concreteness" (FMC), and felt immediately that I knew it from my knowledge of Bion's work. The paper begins by indicating some of the elements in Alfred North Whitehead's "process philosophy." There is a brief survey of object relations theory, particularly Kleinian psychodynamics, as introduction to the aspect of Wilfred Bion's work which explored the nature of thought. The unconscious processes he named "truth" and "lie" in thinking are identified. Comparison between these two thinkers begins from common ground, the notions of process, fallacious or truthful, in thought, and looks at the differences of perspective each brought to the problems of methodology in thinking. It is shown that each accepts that "true" thought is open to query and interrogation, and that it is not possible to know whether or not a particular thought is "true," as conscious thought cannot access primary undistorted perception of an objective world. A claim is made that a particular conscious discipline in mental awareness, akin to the use of countertransference in psychodynamic thought, will however increase the probability that a thought process is "thinking truly" rather than thinking in a fallacious way.

Neuropsychologia (2004), 42(5), 597-612.

Associative visual agnosia is classically defined as normal visual perception stripped of its meaning (Lissauer, 1890): these patients cannot access to their stored visual memories to categorize the objects nonetheless perceived correctly. However, according to an influential theory of visual agnosia (Farah, 1990), visual associative agnosics necessarily present perceptual deficits that are the cause of their impairment at object recognition Here we report a detailed investigation of a patient with bilateral occipito-temporal lesions strongly impaired at object and face recognition. NS presents normal drawing copy, and normal performance at object and face matching tasks as used in classical neuropsychological tests. However, when tested with several computer tasks using carefully controlled visual stimuli and taking both his accuracy rate and response times into account, NS was found to have abnormal performances at high level visual processing of objects and faces. Albeit presenting a different pattern of deficits than previously described in integrative agnosic patients such as HJA and LH, his deficits were characterized by an inability to integrate individual parts into a whole percept, as suggested by his failure at processing structurally impossible 3D objects, an absence of face inversion effect and an advantage at detecting and matching single parts. Taken together, these observations question the idea of separate visual representations for object/face perception and object/face knowledge derived from investigations of visual associative (prosop)agnosia, and they raise some methodological issues in the analysis of single case studies of (prosop)agnosic patients .