Migrant Crisis

Mass migrations in the modern world represent exquisitely significant social, demographic, economic, but security phenomenon. A Migrant crisis has become a very delicate political question, creating an intensive and public debate which worsens already existing disadvantages in an immigrational system all around Europe. In this study the connection has been determined, between mass migration of the population from the Middle East and Africa to Europe, and the specific security issues such as increase of xenophobia, acting of terrorist organizations exponents and human trafficking, which is being observed through the prism of similarities and differences with the smuggling of the migrants. In the same manner, the characteristics and the specificities of security repercussions of migrant crisis have been explained, which show that the series of terrorist attacks in multiple countries of Eastern Europe have increased the attention of security sectors to the highest level, while revealing all their weaknesses. One of the hypotheses states that the ideologicalpolitical action of radically right-wing organizations, that are predominantly anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim oriented, has greatly influenced the rise of xenophobia in a significant part of the population of Europe, which has encountered serious migratory flows several times through history. Analyzing individually each of the security consequences above, the authors are trying to determine ways to overcome problems created by migrants flow, and in the same manner to point out that, in this case, the official Europe`s political and security institutions have to act as a deterrent so that the migrations in Europe would not create new crises.

Masovne migracije u savremenom svetu predstavljaju izuzetno značajan društveni, demografski, ekonomski, ali i bezbednosni fenomen. Migrantska kriza je postala veoma osetljivo političko pitanje, kreirajući intenzivnu političku i javnu debatu koja pogoršava već postojeće nedostatke u imigracionom sistemu širom Evrope. U radu se utvrđuje veza između masovnog priliva stanovništva sa Bliskog istoka i Afrike na evropski kontinent i pojedinih bezbednosnih problema, poput porasta ksenofobije, delovanja eksponenata terorističkih organizacija i trgovine ljudima, koja se sagledava kroz prizmu sličnosti i razlika sa krijumčarenjem migranata. Isto tako, objašnjene su karakteristike i specifičnosti bezbednosnih reperkusija migrantske krize, te se ukazuje da je serija terorističkih napada u više država Zapadne Evrope podigla pažnju bezbednosnog sektora na najviši nivo, pritom otkrivajući sve njegove slabosti. Kao jedna od hipoteza navodi se da je ideološko-političko delovanje radikalno desničarskih organizacija koje su pretežno antimigrantski i antimuslimanski orijentisane, u znatnoj meri uticalo na porast ksenofobije kod značajnog dela stanovništva Evrope, koje se kroz istoriju više puta susretalo sa ozbiljnim migratornim tokovima. Analizirajući pojedinačno svaku od navedenih bezbednosnih konsekvenci, autori nastoje da utvrde načine za prevazilaženje problema koji su nastali usled priliva migranata, te da ukažu da u ovom slučaju nadležne evropske političke i bezbednosne institucije moraju delovati pre svega preventivno, kako migracije u Evropi ne bi proizvele nove krize.

The paper aims at a study of the recent trend of increased militarization of border security in the face of mass migratory influx. The theoretical framework of analysis draws on the findings of the theory of civil-military relations, particularly with regard to the concept of ‘core military missions’. The basic premise is that the failure of the liberal interventionism and export of democracy (often by military means or by stirring internal opposition movements towards regime change) has led to catastrophic consequences, which in return hit as a boomerang not only the world interventionist powers but also many other (transitory) states.  Among other concerns, the dilemma of militarization of border control has become an issue of special significance both for the international and national security. The renewed military mission of safeguarding the borders from the migrant flaws calls for urgent theoretical deliberations and practical solutions.