KARATE DO

This paper discusses some of the benefits of including karate-do lessons in schools. It begins by providing a brief history of karate-do which originated on the small island of Okinawa, South of mainland Japan and its intimate relationship with education and the Japanese school system. In order to determine its merit we will look at such things as some of the health benefits of regular karate-do training as a form of exercise and how this exercise can positively affect academic performance. Furthermore, the philosophies and ethics of karate-do which are grounded in Busihdo develop healthy habits in its practitioners and have the potential to change lives in very positive ways.

The effect of using PowerPoint presentations in learning karate information on cognitive achievement and some psychological variables
Safaa Saleh Hussen
Faculty of physical education for girls – Zagazig University -Egypt
Background
Multimedia presentations (PowerPoint) are widely used in e-learning environments. Learning material is often presented with text, audio, video, and static pictures, whereby same information is sometimes repeatedly presented by different media.
This study aim to investigate the effects of PowerPoint presentations on the efficiency of learning karate information (Cognitive Achievement) (i.e. information on history of karate, Benefits in Learning Karate, the definition of karate, and Instructions of Performance of basic skills) and some psychological variables (attention focus - the ability to imagine), learning efficiency.
Materials and Methods
the researcher using the experimental method by the same group with pre and post measurement, Sample was selected in the manner deliberate search of karate student in the third year in the Faculty of physical Education – Zagazig university and a sample had amounted to (25) student, their ages arranged from 19 to 21years, I used “stopwatch to measure time, some axes of psychological skills Test, Cognitive achievement test, learning efficiency, PowerPoint slides” in this study. The implementation of the proposed PowerPoint has been applied one time weekly (60 Minutes), for five weeks.
Results
Table 1, there were significant differences in psychological variables and cognitive achievement between pre and post measuring
Variables Pre-training Post-training T test
M ( SD ) M ( SD )
The ability to imagine 11.48 4.44 17.32 3.78 5.02*
The ability to focus attention 7.76 3.21 13.4 3.71 5.57*
cognitive achievement 4.6 2.5 8.76 13.00 10.06*
Is clear from Table (1) the existence of statistically significant differences in psychological variables and cognitive achievement for the post measuring
Discussion & Conclusion
The present results showed that using PowerPoint presentations should enable learners to process information easily and quickly and this is Indicate significant differences between pre and post measurements in Cognitive Achievement, learning efficiency and improved in the psychological variables.

This text supports the perspective of Te, the predecessor of Karate-Jutsu, being an indigenous Okinawan martial art, as genuine as it can be, created, developed, and honed to perfection on the Ryukyu Islands independently from mainland Japan’s martial arts tradition.
The argument is explained by the metaphor of the 100-years-old US-space program being an American and not a German project, although it was masterminded by German experts after WWII. It is American, because it embodies an American idea, philosophy, and intellectual framework, into which the expertise and skills of German rocket scientists’ were integrated.
Applying this historic reasoning accordingly, Chinese martial arts were integrated as improvements into the existing system, idea, and intellectual framework of Okinawan Te, without sacrificing its essence, i.e. its true purpose and intention of self-protection and the protection of one’s life.

This analysis compares and contrasts two different karate styles, the Japanese Doshinkan Karatedo and the Okinawan Kobayashi Shorin Ryu, based on the author's training experience. The first one was created in Japan in the mid-1960ies by Ichikawa Isao in Tomaya Kanken's Shudokan tradition. The second one derived from Okinawan Shuri-Te, especially from Chibana Chosin's teachings, and was promoted worldwide by his student Nakazato Shugoro through the Shorin Ryu Shorinkan association. Whereas Okinawan karate, leading to Kobayashi Shorin Ryu, was created 500+ years ago as a weaponless lethal fighting art to protect Okinawa's inhabitants, Japanese karatedo, hence Shudokan, was created 400+ years later by Okinawan masters moving to mainland Japan as an altered form, changing its purpose from 'self-defense' to 'character development' for a variety of reasons. Documented by numerous examples, this significant change is reflected in variances of philosophy, purpose, and training practices between the two styles, perhaps representing and illustrating some overall differences between Okinawan and Japanese karatedo.

Bernard Floirat, Paris, Kayogi France, novembre 2017-19 (62 p.), ISBN 978-2-9569617-0-3.
Version numérique abrégée de l'ouvrage du même nom publié chez Kayogi en décembre 2019 (140 p.) :
http://www.lulu.com/shop/bernard-floirat/karat%C3%A9-do-shito-ryu-une-bibliographie/paperback/product-24351314.html 

Le Karaté-do de style Shito Ryu est officiellement inscrit en 1939 à la Dai Nippon Butokukai (organisation officielle japonaise créée en 1895 pour le recensement des arts martiaux) par son fondateur Kenwa Mabuni (1889-1952). Le terme Shito Ryu provient de la réunion des deux premiers idéogrammes du nom des deux principaux maîtres de Mabuni, Yatsumine Itosu (1831-1915) et Kanryo Higaona (1853-1916).
Le Shito Ryu est souvent considéré comme un des « quatre grands styles » avec le Shotokan, le Wado Ryu et le Goju Ryu. Autant il est vrai qu’il est celui qui contient le plus grand nombre de katas (plus de soixante selon les sources) et trouve ses racines autant dans les styles du Shuri-te, du Naha-te et du Tomari-te que dans des sources chinoises, autant cette qualification de « grand » semble impropre. Il existe certes des différences significatives entre les styles, notamment en termes de représentativité, mais il n’existe pas de grands ou de petits styles. La commission nationale française des grades reconnaît une quinzaine de styles différents dans son règlement, et il en existe encore beaucoup d’autres !
Avec près de 200 références, l’objet de cette base documentaire - la seule existante à ce jour - n’est pas de mettre en exergue le style Shito Ryu, ou une de ses nombreuses écoles dérivées, mais bien de proposer un outil à tous ceux qui voudraient approfondir leurs connaissances dans le domaine de la *Voie de la Main Vide*.

Three core components of "mastery" are outlined and applied to Okinawan Karate-Jutsu: 1. Holistic perception, "total and at once", realizing the "totality" of an entire big picture, its inherent patterns, and its possible developments. 2. Mental store as a complex hierarchy of cross-linked concepts, allowing an advanced level of understanding and insight, as well as identifying its composing fundamentals. 3. "Automatic", habitual, subconscious , actions and reactions rooted in the complete calmness of an "empty mind", honed through decades-long training and experience. Three major qualification-levels on a continuous path towards mastery are clarified, together with the explanation why each of these levels has to be thoroughly and completely acquired and performed for many years to develop the needed foundation at that level. It is pointed out why, in order to gain deeper insight, inductive learning with "deep" penetration of Karate-Jutsu and its combat applications beats "broad" deductive learning. The necessary long, arduous path towards mastery by patiently and solidly developing skills is no longer popular today, which does not change the fact that it is the only successful one to get there.

PREFÁCIO Alguns karatecas praticam os katas de forma displicente ou até mesmo deixam de praticá-los, considerando-os pouco importantes ou desestimulantes. Isso é um grande erro, pois a prática regular dos katas consiste em um excelente exercício para todo o corpo e pode trazer benefícios inestimáveis para a saúde do karateca. A prática correta dos katas deverá produzir sudorese e exigirá boa capacidade pulmonar do atleta. Treinar kata não é apenas realizar poses e movimentos sem concentração ou foco. A prática correta deste componente busca atingir o máximo de concentração mental e física na realização das técnicas que compõe o kata, desde um simples posicionamento dos pés, até a direção correta do olhar (shakugan). Felizmente, a prática dos katas tem ganhado destaque nos últimos anos, graças às competições da modalidade que incluem kata e kumitê (luta). As disputas de kata têm se tornada cada vez mais acirradas, o que vem exigindo dos atletas o máximo de dedicação, caso queiram avançar em suas categorias. É, até mesmo, comum que atletas de elite se especializem em uma das modalidades de disputa, kata ou kumitê, pois lhes seria impossível dedicar-se adequadamente à prática de ambas, em nível de competição. Mas além deste aspecto competitivo, a prática correta dos katas é um componente importantíssimo no aprendizado desta arte marcial e, por essa razão, não deve ser menosprezada. Tanto kata quanto kumitê são

To resolve an ongoing discussion amongst Shorin Ryu Shorinkan adepts whether this style teaches higher stances/positions compared to other karate styles, basic physics, mechanics and mathematics are used to clarify the mutual interdependence of Center of Gravity positions and transferred bodyweight power in a Nekoachi-dachi (cat stance). After clarifying a possible misunderstanding between a 'low' position/stance and a 'deep' position/ stance, the Law of the Lever is applied to positions of a karateka's Center of Gravity, providing empirical evidence and general mathematical proof to support the author's sensei's 'teaching mantra' "the lower you are, the stronger you are", showing the superiority of low stances/positions in terms of transferred bodyweight power (kinetic energy) into a blocking technique over nowadays common high stances/ positions.

Background: Systematic reviews have shown that imagery improves performance in motor tasks. Objective: In order to observe the function of imagery in sport, this study investigated modifications in Imagery Ability, in terms of both controllability (i.e., the accurateness with which an image can be operated mentally) and vividness (i.e., the precision richness of an image), in competitive and recreational karateka. Method: Thirty volunteers karateka completed the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire, the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2, and the Subtraction of parts Task. Results: Competitive athletes reported higher scores on imagery ability than recreational athletes. No correlations were found between the variables of Vividness and the Subtraction of parts Task for any of the two groups. All analyses were two-tailed with α at .05. Conclusion: The study has risen the investigation in the particular ambit of imagery ability, providing an additional support for the multidimensional nature of mental imagery and for its usefulness in athletes.

Las historias de tanto Chile como Japón se encuentran esclarecidas, dentro de todo el cierto margen de error que posee la historia en general, en los asuntos que trataré y por ese motivo es que representaré algunos de los sucesos ocurridos a lo largo de la historia chilena con una singularidad que poco se ha tratado en nuestro país, además de las muchas veces erróneas informaciones entregadas, la cual es en relación con Nipón. En la presente obra vamos a plantearnos cómo habrían sucedido algunos hechos históricos chilenos si hubiésemos tenido una mentalidad tradicional japonesa, en especial basados en el karate-do.

http://www.lulu.com/shop/bernard-floirat/karat%C3%A9-do-shito-ryu-une-bibliographie/paperback/product-24351314.html

Cette bibliographie est la première consacrée au Karaté-do Shito Ryu de Kenwa Mabuni

Ce style de Karaté est né dans les années 1920 sur l’archipel d’Okinawa, à Shuri, dans le modeste jardin de la demeure de la famille Mabuni. Il est aujourd’hui enseigné dans le monde entier et a inspiré de nombreux auteurs, autant au Japon qu’en Russie, en Iran, en Indonésie, en Malaisie, en Turquie, en Chine, au Canada, au Brésil, au Pakistan, partout en Europe, etc.

Trois cents références en une quinzaine de langues sont réunies ici. Cette base documentaire n’est pas seulement destinée aux partisans du Shito Ryu ou de l’une ou l’autre de ses écoles dérivées. Elle est un outil pour tous ceux qui souhaitent approfondir leur apprentissage de l’art martial de la «Voie de la Main Vide ».

The final bout in the men’s Karate (over-75 kg) in Tokyo ended in controversy, perhaps not within the Karate community, but certainly for Olympic audiences worldwide. In this battle for gold, Tareg Hamedi delivered a kick to Sajad Ganjzadeh’s head which knocked him out. Hamedi was disqualified for using excessive force and the gold medal was awarded to the unconscious fighter.

This paper discusses some of the benefits of including karate-do lessons in schools. It begins by providing a brief history of karate-do which originated on the small island of Okinawa, South of mainland Japan and its intimate relationship with education and the Japanese school system. In order to determine its merit we will look at such things as some of the health benefits of regular karate-do training as a form of exercise and how this exercise can positively affect academic performance. Furthermore, the philosophies and ethics of karate-do which are grounded in Busihdo develop healthy habits in its practitioners and have the potential to change lives in very positive ways.