Archival Research Methods

L'ultimo libro di Federico Valacchi articola e arricchisce una linea di riflessione già elaborata, nella stessa sede editoriale, con i volumi Diventare archivisti (2015) e Archivio: concetti e parole (2018), opere che, nel loro insieme, costituiscono ormai un corpus argomentativo di rilevante interesse, all'interno delle tradizioni disciplinari di settore e nel contesto più ampio del dibattito attuale su senso e prospettiva delle culture documentarie.

Chapter 3 presents empirically informed analyses of a number of new public
space projects initiated first as counter-projects and counter-spaces
by a variety of community and historic preservation society interests.
It demonstrates further that, Vancouver City Council (VCC) proved
receptive to the counter-projects and provided an overarching strategic
spatial framework within which the projects on the ground were
devised and implemented. This chapter also introduces the importance
of the social animation of public space, whether through politicised
collective action or ludic enjoyment. Changing representations of space
through time are shown to have implications for spatial practice on the ground, based on differences in the way social behaviour in public
space is understood and interpreted.

Niniejszy tekst przedstawia metody empirycznych badań jakościowych oraz możliwości ich zastosowania w badaniach nad zarządzaniem dokumentacją. Autorka przybliża strategię badawczą studium przypadku, metodę wywiadu, metodę obserwacji oraz metodę shadowingu. Przedstawiono charakterystyczne cechy tych narzędzi teoretycznych oraz możliwości ich zastosowania w badaniu zarządzania dokumentacją, proponując przykładowe problemy czy tematy badawcze, które mogłyby zostać zgłębione z wykorzystaniem omawianych metod. W tekście przybliżono również wady i zalety zastosowania tego typu podejścia badawczego w omawianej dziedzinie wiedzy. Kończąc, autorka postuluje wprowadzenie elementów nauczania metodologii nauk społecznych w ramach studiów z zakresu archiwistyki i zarządzania dokumentacją.

The text presents methods of empirical qualitative research and their possible implementation in studying records management. The author describes case study strategy, as well as method of interview, observation and shadowing. The article introduces characteristic features of these theoretical tools, as well as possibilities for their use in records management research, and proposes some issues and research problems that could be studied using the methods described. Also advantages and disadvantages of using this approach in this specific research field were discussed. At the end, the author proposes implementation of some elements of social research methodology in teaching archival science and records management at university level.

Censimento e catalogazione su base informatica dei manoscritti medievali presenti sul territorio toscano. La Regione Toscana ha avviato dal 1992 la catalogazione informatizzata dei manoscritti medievali (cioè datati o databili entro l’anno 1500) presenti sul suo territorio, avendo come fine il censimento, la tutela e la valorizzazione del patrimonio manoscritto toscano. Il progetto, che utilizza il software CDS/ISIS con l’applicativo CODEX specificamente studiato, interessa tutte le biblioteche della Toscana, eccetto le seguenti biblioteche statali: a Firenze le biblioteche Marucelliana, Medicea Laurenziana, Nazionale Centrale, Riccardiana; a Pisa la Biblioteca Universitaria. Oltre alle biblioteche sono censite tutte le possibili sedi di conservazione: archivi statali e comunali, biblioteche e archivi capitolari, monasteri, conventi, chiese, seminari vescovili, accademie e analoghe istituzioni culturali, musei. Ove possibile sono censiti anche i manoscritti di proprietà privata.

In the age of social media the nature of records and social memory is fundamentally changed. The archive is a tool used in the process of transforming social experience, memories and history into collective remembering. The increased prevalence of cultural archives and collections generated on social media present challenges to traditional concepts of what constitutes an archival record and disrupt standard archival protocols and procedures set by international guidelines. Contending that archival appraisal frameworks and protocols codify what is kept and what is left out of the archives and thus societal memory, this thesis will be a diagnostic exploration looking at the opportunities and challenges these types of archival collections present to contemporary professional practice. Exploring specifically the Instagram based community archive veteranas_and_rucas, it will argue for an expanded professional approach to appraisal and preservation to integrate the affective, epistemological, ontological and social valences of such an archival project. Borrowing from arts and archaeological conservation practices it draws upon real life examples to speculatively reconcile these challenges and provide examples to attend to the preservation requirements demanded by these projects.

[Archival documents through the instruments of research: the instrumenta sutudiorum as means for evidencing, serving and fulfilling the legal obligations of the archives. The case of the Central State Archive of Albania.]

Aparati informativo-shkencor i fondit arkivor që ruhet në AQSh ka filluar të hartohet më 1963, pas shkëputjes së AQSh nga Ministria e Punëve të Brendshme, dhe vijon deri më sot. Pjesë e këtij aparati janë inventarët, skedarët, katalogu sistematik, skedari sistematik, katalogu tematik, katalogu gjeografik, katalogu emëror, katalogu lëndor, llojet e ndryshme të udhërrëfyesve, historiku i fondkrijuesit dhe historiku i fondit. Duke shfletuar të vetmen metodë pune të arkivistikës në Shqipëri, “Praktika arkivore në Shqipëri”, lehtësisht konstatohet se metoda e përgatitjes së aparatit informativo-shkencor është shpjeguar qartë, pavarësisht mangësive që paraqet për shkak të mungesës së përditësimit. Ndërkohë, përvoja e studimit dhe e punës me mjetet e kërkimit në AQSh vë në dukje menjëherë faktin se normat e manualit nuk janë zbatuar në çdo rast, se mjetet e kërkimit shpesh ndjekin metoda selektive, dhe se pasaktësitë e titujve të njësive të ruajtes reflektohen edhe në mjetet e kërkimit, duke ulur efikasitetin e këtyre të fundit. Një tjetër pengesë në shërbimin që duhet të ofrojnë mjetet e kërkimit është ideologjia e kohës në të cilën janë hartuar ato. Tema si homoseksualiteti apo vetëidentifikimi gjinor, diferencimi gjinor dhe diferencimi racor, të drejtat e njeriut, drejtësia sociale, jo vetëm që nuk përfshihen në katalogët tematikë apo lëndore. Këto tema hulumtimi, gjithmonë e më tepër në vëmendje të studiuesve të sotshëm nuk parashikohen as në tekstin bazë të metodës së punës arkivore, për shkak të mungesës së përditësimit të këtij teksti, çka do të thotë se nuk kemi ende një projekt konkret për t’i përfshirë në të ardhmen e afërt.
Qëllimi i kësaj kumtese është të ndërtojë një historik të shkurtër të punës me mjetet kërkimore në AQSh, të shqyrtojë arritjet dhe të metat e kësaj pune, si dhe të parashtrojë sugjerime për hartimin dhe përmirësimin e aparatit informativo-shkencor në të ardhmen.

CUADERNO orientado a introducir a la técnica de investigación con fuentes documentales originales y colecciones de archivos. Incluye una descripción sobre qué es un archivo, cómo se organizan las colecciones y se diseñan los catálogos e inventarios de materias, así como también, las funciones de curación y conservación empleadas en los archivos, específicamente, de piezas de papel (legajos). Incluye además una relación de los archivos y colecciones particulares que hay en Puerto Rico y otras fuentes documentales, particularmente gubernamentales, disponibles en la Isla.

Like many other cities around the world, at the end of the twentieth century, Manchester was reimagined as post-industrial space. This research draws on Lefebvre's spatial triad focusing primarily on the struggles that this generated both within official public sector representations of space and between public sector representations and the representations of key amenity societies. The paper presents the findings of a case study analysis that reveals how the 1970s saw differing interests lay claim to the right to determine the spatial meaning and future of city-centre industrial space. The research deconstructs the (re)production of the Grade I listed Liverpool Road Station, the first train station in the world, and its conversion into the successful Museum of Science and Industry. The conclusions show that the 1970s (re)presentation of the station site facilitated its (re)production as a site of revalorised industrial heritage. The consequences were the “rediscovery” of the Castlefield area of the city, and the later reimagining of post-industrial Manchester in the 1990s, which continues in the twenty-first century.
. . . countries in the throes of rapid development blithely destroy historic
spaces—houses, palaces, military and civil structures. If advantage or profit is
to be found in it, then the old is swept away . . . Where the destruction has not
been complete, “renovation” becomes the order of the day . . . In any case what
had been annihilated in the earlier frenzy now becomes an object of adoration.
(Lefebvre, 1991, p. 360).

Cities are the height of human achievement. Cities are fraught with ambivalence. We adore city life, it stimulates, entertains and excites. Conversely, urban experiences are scary, disorientating and may be physically and mentally deleterious. Cities are crucibles of democracy, yet remain cauldrons of inequality and injustice. Cities are open and tolerant, but perversely elitist and exclusionary. City streets provide unexpected encounters which can enrich our lives, or disturb deeply. Ambivalence regarding the nascent modern industrial city was captured quintessentially in the visceral eloquence of Alexis de Tocqueville's disturbingly ambivalent assertion, that 1840s Manchester was a vile, filthy cesspit from which flows pure gold, thereby allowing the attainment of civilisation while converting men of all ranks into desperate savages. Above all, it is in the public spaces of cities –  street, squares, piazzas, plazas and parks - that some of the best and the worst characteristics of urban life and society are created, observed and reproduced. These sites are the geographical focus of this book and are interrogated drawing on the spatial triad ideas promulgated by the French, Marxist, sociologist-philosopher Henri Lefebvre. Looking at history in a new light in this book means exploring the histories of shifting representations of space and ascertaining the implications for the production of space and what Lefebvre called differential spaceI seek in this book to explore the production of space and in so doing stimulate a rethinking of Lefebvre’s spatial theories and the essence of urban public space. From this overarching aim flow two research objectives: 1) to tease out the implications of the production of space for post-industrial city transformation, 2) to unravel the role of differential space in such transformation. Empirically the research is grounded in three iconic post-industrial cities: Vancouver, Lowell Massachusetts and Manchester England. Although strongly rooted theoretically, the book locates the conceptual ideas in the practice of urban policy making, urban planning and the politicised everyday use of public space, especially differential space – a surprisingly neglected concept in urban studies. The timescale is from the 1960s to 2010s.

In the last twenty years, increasing scholarly attention has been devoted to the screen industries as a workplace and as a site of institutional and individual cultural and creative practice (e.g., Deuze 2007; Mayer, Banks and Caldwell 2009; Hesmondhalgh and Baker 2010). Studies in this field have often centred on film, television and audiovisual media production (e.g., Caldwell 2008; Barra, Bonini and Splendore 2016; Comand and Venturini 2021), although forms of labour in circulation, promotion and reception of media texts have also attracted interest (e.g. Loist 2011; Grainge and Johnson 2015; Fanchi and Garofalo 2018; Treveri Gennari et al. 2020). Within these studies, a number of scholars have interrogated and utilised gender as an analytic category in order to expose and criticise unequal and divisive labour dynamics (e.g., Foster 1997; Gaines, Vatsal and Dall’Asta 2013-; Bell 2021). The gendered division of labour and the systematic exclusion of female-identifying professionals in the screen industries persistently emerge as global, transnational issues (e.g., Gledhill and Knight 2015; Hole, Jelača, Kaplan and Petro 2016; Liddy 2020). In Italy, pioneering studies on women’s labour in the audiovisual sector can be traced back to the 1970s (Bellumori 1972; Carrano 1977), but it is only in recent years that a gender perspective has been taken on more systematically, focusing on directors (e.g., Scarparo and Luciano 2010, 2013, 2020; Cantini 2013) as well as other above- and below-the-line professions (e.g., Dall’Asta 2008; Cardone and Fanchi 2011; Cardone, Jandelli and Tognolotti 2015; Buffoni 2018; Missero 2022).
This concerted academic attention continues to raise a number of critical, theoretical and methodological, questions: how instrumental is the category of gender in exposing power dynamics and labour relations in the Italian past and present screen industries? How can we uphold intersectional feminist, queer and decolonial perspectives of gender and labour in meaningful ways? How do we redress long-established heteronormative and binary approaches? Finally, how do we tackle historical bias in archival practice and engage with the promises and limitations of digital technologies?
This special journal issue aims to foreground a range of research approaches and methods to document the intersection between gender and labour from a diachronic or synchronic perspective. It welcomes a variety of theoretical frameworks and applied case studies that identify and engage (self-)critically with past and present understandings of gendered specialisation and discrimination in the Italian screen industries, also from comparative and/or transnational perspectives. This issue concurrently serves as a platform for screen industry scholars and practitioners to reflect critically on historical relations of gender bias and power in the research process, calling them to examine consciously and explicitly the assumptions that underpin their approaches and methods and the nature and availability of their archives and data resources. We are also interested in contributions from educators and practitioners whose work integrates ethical principles in the formulation of innovative research-led teaching and creative practice.

Past & Present has uploaded all audiorecordings of our conference on Transforming Information: Record Keeping in the Early Modern World, 9-10 April 2014, British Academy: http://bit.ly/1wakqVW. All papers from the two days are now online, so I’ve uploaded the programme again for reference.

This paper contributes to a critical understanding of the production of space through an exploration of notable spatial moments in the 1990s work of the Central Manchester Development Corporation (CMDC), particularly its role in the creation of new public space. Henri Lefebvre's ideas regarding the production of urban space provide rigorous theoretical grounding for the empirical research. Two chronologically overlapping 20th century discourses: the inner city urban policy discourse from the 1960s and the modernist city planning discourse that peaked in the era of technological optimism after World War Two are shown to be vital for a critical understanding of the Urban Development Corporation (UDC) regime. The paper unravels the as yet unproblematised origins of UDCs and CMDC and shows how the reorientation of the 1960s Urban Programme by the Labour government laid the ground for some of the subsequent Conservative government's urban policy shifts. New evidence from archival sources, supplemented by interviews with key informants, is presented which challenges and disrupts some conventional wisdoms regarding UDCs and CMDC. Research findings point to the crucial role of CMDC in stimulating the creation of significant new public spaces akin to differential space, which remain of great importance for Manchester. CMDC's deployment of large scale resources compounded the spatial practice of the previous decade leading to the production of unanticipated public space potentials and the politicised appropriation of urban space. In closing, the paper highlights the unintended and inadvertent legacies of the CMDC for public space in the 2000s.

Like the researches in many other fields major part of visual-arts-researches also depends greatly on such memory institutions as libraries and the archives. Besides these there are two other institutions of great importance – the art galleries and the museums, which serve as the most essential place where the visual art researchers may substantiate their research findings. Moreover these are such indispensable the places not only for the commons but also for the art-researchers who want to extend their scholarly contacts and become a part of the broader network of the knowledge and the practices in the area of their research interest. The paper taking a qualitative stance focuses on the availability and accessibility of those resources in these institutions which are especially helpful for the art researchers, and also discusses about what early preparations may be required before an access to these institutions, the ethics and the protocols which should be followed in order to get maximum out of them.
KEYWORDS:
Archival Research, Art Galleries, Art Museums, Art-Research, Libraries, Research in Fine Arts, Research Methodology.

In this paper I argue that it is rather unfortunate planning theorists have, with a few notable exceptions, tended to ignore the potential contributions that all Henri Lefebvre’s ideas regarding the production of space can make to planning theory. In particular, I argue that Lefebvre’s concept of differential space could provide a powerful focus for planners’ conceptual approaches to the creation and enhancement of public space. Rather than simply complaining about the privatisation, loss or corruption of ‘public’ space, we should appreciate the potentialities inherent in the production of differential space through the contestations that can occur in the creation of a more fair and just society in asserting ‘the right to the city’. What might be called ‘strong’ differential space: the spaces of politicised appropriation and the assertion of rights to the city, insinuates itself to a constant dialectical struggle through elements of the spatial triad. This paper provides a snapshot of ongoing research based mainly on archival sources, interviews, visual data and observation.

Britain’s wartime reconstruction plans are considered rightly to be a key milestone in the development of British planning. While some have received a good deal of academic attention others, such as Manchester’s 1945 Plan have been largely overlooked despite receiving high praise at the time as a ‘stupendous feat’. The research here is informed by Henri Lefebvre’s theories regarding the nature of urban space in which a historical perspective is seen as paramount for understanding issues of urban planning and redevelopment.  Archival sources form the principal basis for the empirical research. The paper argues for the importance of placing the Plan in the context of the 20th century modernist planning discourse. A comprehensive, rigorous analysis of the Plan’s production, reception and implementation is presented. The implications for the city generally and the Castlefield area are explored in detail. Through critical investigation the Plan is revealed to have been constituted in part by an influential collection of visual and textual representations of city space. These representations left complex and at times surprising positive and negative legacies. The Plan is seen to have stimulated a notable physical reconfiguration and inhibited the shift to a post industrial reimagining of the city.

Následující skica představuje první díl řady, která bude formou stručných medailonků seznamovat s významnými osobnostmi současného světového archivnictví. Cílem zamýšlené řady je jednak stručně
představit profilující osobnosti oboru, jednak
v souvislosti s nimi také současné trendy ve světovém
archivnictví, jejichž nositeli sledované archivářky
a archiváři jsou. Tematicky bude pohled pokrývat
celou oblast archivnictví s důrazem na archivní
teorii.
Jako první osobnost současného světového archivnictví
jsem vybral Erica Ketelaara, jednoho z vůdčích představitelů tohoto oboru, tedy osobnost, která může důstojně stát na počátku této řady. Eric Ketelaar (1944) je současný nizozemský archivář a teoretik archivnictví.

A welter of frenzies of destruction was wreaked on Lowell for several
decades until the 1970s. Coincidentally, just when Lefebvre’s The
Production of Space was published in the first French edition, the mood
changed to one of historic adoration in Lowell. A pinnacle of this
adoration was the designation of the LNHP. It is the quality of Lowell’s
downtown urban public spaces which in large measure provide for the
social relations which make the park work successfully in multifarious
ways. It was the fusion over three decades of a city based civic ethos with state and federal public spiritedness that facilitated the enhancement of existing and the production of new urban public space in Lowell. The purpose of this chapter is not so much to recount the history of the national park, that has been accomplished several times and there are several published accounts of its emergence (Gall 1991; Ryan 1991; Stanton 2006). The story of Lowell’s post-industrial revitalisation continues to fascinate researchers and recently useful contributions have been made by Weible (2011) and Minchin (2013). Undoubtedly, the most comprehensive history of the national park to date is the NPS sponsored Marion (2014a). Although it is necessary to present brief details of the genesis of LNHP, this is done only to situate and complement the presentation of new research insights which privilege a different set of protagonists and issues from those which tend to frame the dominant academic narrative. The naming and renaming of space and place are critical moments in the production of space. Places not named are ‘holes in the net’, they are ‘blank or marginal spaces’ (Lefebvre 1991: 118). Prominent protagonists in the struggle to establish the national park had implicit understanding of the salience of stablishing credible representations of urban space. An alternative aim of this chapter is to focus on how the range of interests that promoted LNHP did so partly through attempts to impose a meaningful name through which they could gain leverage to appropriate and define its objectives. Lefebvre’s spatial framework should be borne in mind, particularly as analysis of the three case studies presented in the second half of the chapter unfolds. In each case, as with the case studies in the other chapters, the state and each of its constituent institutions were involved deeply in the production of space. Additionally, what becomes apparent is the involvement of other actors and agencies across the private, not-for-profit and community sectors. The cases are based on three public space projects: Kerouac Park, the Canalway/Riverwalk and Boarding House Park. They allow examination of the coalitions, interactions and challenges facing the production of inclusive urban public space.

Geschichte ist Macht. Über den Zugang zu dieser Macht entscheidet der,
der über den Schlüssel zu den Archiven verfügt, ohne die keine Geschichte geschrieben werden kann. Einer der Gralshüter der Geschichte
des Großen Vaterländischen Kriegs ist in Rußland das Verteidigungsministerium. Zwar gibt es ein Archivgesetz, doch das kümmert das Zentralarchiv des Verteidigungsministeriums wenig. Das Verhalten, das seine Mitarbeiter gegenüber Historikern an den Tag legen, grenzt an Sabotage. Sabotiert wird die Aufklärung über das, was wirklich 1941–1945 geschah. Wen mag es da wundern, daß die Mythen über den Krieg auch sechzig Jahre nach seinem Ende sprießen und die Historiker ihnen wenig entgegenzusetzen haben.

Co-authored with Amy Mecklenberg-Faenger and Henrietta Rix-Wood.

Using archival materials from a boarding school for Native American children, an affluent Chicago high school, and a Southern girls’ school, this chapter provides three case histories examining the extracurricular spaces where female students developed as engaged public writers and rhetors. Henri opens our chapter with a consideration of Helen W. Ball’s influence on the writing, editing, and publication practices of girls contributing in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to a newspaper published by the Haskell Institute in Kansas, the second largest Native American boarding school in the country. Next, Lori examines the collaborative and competitive work of Mignon Wright’s Story Club for girls at the Oak Park and River Forest Township High School in Illinois. Wright’s club fostered a strong sense of professionalism among these young women that may have prepared them for careers as writers after high school. In the final section of this chapter, Amy examines Cerberus, a literary magazine started in 1912 by three students at the Ashley Hall School for Girls, the first college preparatory program for girls in South Carolina. This magazine supported and developed the writing of many of the talented writers the school produced, especially one of Cerberus’ founders, Josephine Pinckney, a Southern poet, novelist, and civic activist, who was a well-known writer in the United States in the 1940s. In each of these archives, we discovered teachers and students creating a space for the kinds of mentorship, collaborative work, private critique, and public display essential to developing these young writers’ sense of craft, understanding of professionalism, and identification as author.

Co-authored with Jeffrey Ludwig.

This article analyzes the early curriculum and classroom research studies of the Oak Park and River Forest High School English department. We conclude this brief history by suggesting some ways that current high school English teachers may use their own school archives to engage and immerse their students in archival research. 



The Intimate Archive stages a major critical intervention into how we understand scholarly engagements with the archival traces of intimate lives. It examines the issues involved in using archival material to research the personal lives, in this case of Australian writers Marjorie Barnard (1897–1987), Aileen Palmer (1915–1988) and Lesbia Harford (1891–1927). The book provides an insight into the intimate lives of the three women, based on their private letters, diaries and notebooks held in public institutions. Maryanne Dever, Ann Vickery and Sally Newman consider the practical, methodological, and ethical dilemmas that they faced while researching private material, in particular of making conclusions based on material that was possibly never intended by its subjects to be publicly available. In this sense, the book is both a contemplation of private affairs and a reflexive meditation on the right to acquire and assume intimate knowledge of historical subjects.

The chapter provides an overview of research in the archival multiverse, reviewing and reflecting on historical developments, current trends and future directions. It chronicles the rapid diversification and expansion of archival and recordkeeping research over the past 25 years and the development of important research infrastructure. It presents philosophical and theoretical frameworks used in archival and recordkeeping research drawn from archival science and other fields, particularly those that support the exploration of records and recordkeeping as they exist in multiple cultural and social contexts. Methodologies and methods commonly used in archival and recordkeeping research as well as emergent approaches are discussed with reference to research design and case studies exemplifying their use. Archival research methods and techniques are identified and defined, including those derived and adapted from other disciplines, with a view to promoting their rigorous application, an...

Abstract: When it comes to the company's archives, it is primarily thought of as an archiving system used by companies. Also systematisation is also challenging, as a reorganization of the archives of the administration of local self-governments, because it enters the archive system of the municipality it belongs to, but the separate office is independent. The local community uses its own protocol and the order of the employee in office in the circumstances. The introduction of a working scheme that facilitates the acceleration and regulation of the activities of the office represents the living application of archival science as a science. Using the decennial experience, an ad hoc system was created that creates a " red thread " between still active (operational) documentation and one that is selected to become archival material, and then historical. Thus, the circumstances of the faster selection (selection) of documentation for scrapping, as well as the improvement and facilitation of the office business and the work of the archivist are acquired. * Prevod sa italijanskog jezika uradila Hatidža Fetahagić.
Apstrakt: Kada se govori o arhivi preduzeća, prije svega se misli, na sistem arhiviranja koji koriste preduzeća. Isto tako izazovna je i sistematizacija, kao reorganizacija arhive administracije lokalne samouprave, jer ulazi u arhivski sistem općine kojoj pripada, ali je odvojena kancelarija, nezavisna. Lokalna zajednica koristi vlastiti protokol i red koji čini zaposlenik na dužnosti u datim okolnostima. Uvođenje radne šeme koja omogućava ubrzavanje i regulisanje aktivnosti kancelarije predstavlja živu primjenu arhivistike kao nauke. Koristeći decenijsko iskustvo uspio se razviti ad hoc sistem koji stvara " crvenu nit " između još uvijek aktivne (operativne) dokumentacije i one koja se selekcionira da bi postala arhivska građa, a zatim historijska. Tako se stiču okolnosti bržeg odabira (selekcije) dokumentacije za škartiranje, kao i poboljšanje i olakšanje kancelarijskog poslovanja i posla arhivista.

V současné době se v českých zemích i ve světě stále častěji skloňuje otázka ochrany osobních údajů. Začínají padat i soudní rozsudky v této oblasti a je nesporné, že stále více nabývá na váze ochrana osobních údajů před svobodou bádání. Ochrana osobních údajů se podstatným způsobem váže rovněž na archivní dokumenty. V českém prostředí je tento fenomén zcela aktuální v souvislosti s možným zrušením jedenáctého odstavce paragrafu třicet sedm archivního zákona Ústavním soudem. Hrozí zde reálný důsledek uzavření podstatné části českého archivního dědictví pro veřejnost. Studie se věnuje tématu postavení nejen archivů a archivářů v této situaci. Autor poukazuje na reduktivnost zasazení problému pouze do roviny právní a pokouší se celou otázku založit na jiné půdě.

Architecture as an affect Method, Decolonization and Archive.

Chapter - 6: DECOLONIZING ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION: TOWARDS AN AFFECTIVE PEDAGOGY -
The relationship between education and the habit of the ethical is as the relationship without relationship between responsibility and the gift that we must imagine in order to account for responsibility. (Spivak, 2012: 9)

Questioning architecture’s social production in terms of pedagogy and its political and epistemic decolonization seems to me to be
one of the most urgent issues in the field of architectural knowledge production. ‘Social production’ in architecture has been affiliated or understood as a normative, Eurocentric design practice for organizing society and cities since the twentieth century. Related themes in the social production of architecture include participatory design, social co-existences in different cities or architectural settings, and a field in which spatial practitioners have critically challenged the role of form, especially since the 1990s. The ‘production’ is multiple and social, it is in flux and relative. I argue that searching for radical and alternative pedagogies and methods is an important part of the social ‘re-produc- tion’ in architecture for our current times. Architectural research that transverses and functions in both institutions and societies, directly, can play a role in transforming knowledge and public ‘truth’.

One of the most pressing questions for historians of composition today is how to make local histories of individuals or institutions speak back to the domi nant historical narrative of the field—a narrative that nearly always begins with Adams Sherman Hill's development of English A at Harvard in 1874. As origin and historical archetype of composition, Harvard marks the decline of real rhetorical practice and instruction (Kitzhaber; Goggin; Berlin) and the beginning of composition's marginalization as a course, field, and discipline (Connors, Composition Rhetoric). In an effort to combat this simplistic origins narrative, historians have recently called for local historical narratives to complicate or outright contradict the Harvard origins story. For example, David Gold's Rhetoric at the Margins asks us to "continue to complement broadly drawn, comprehensive master narratives with finely-grained local and institutional microhistories" (7). Similarly, Gretchen ...