WO2023008225A1 - アトマイズ粉末、溶射皮膜、ハースロール、及びハースロールの製造方法 - Google Patents
アトマイズ粉末、溶射皮膜、ハースロール、及びハースロールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023008225A1 WO2023008225A1 PCT/JP2022/027814 JP2022027814W WO2023008225A1 WO 2023008225 A1 WO2023008225 A1 WO 2023008225A1 JP 2022027814 W JP2022027814 W JP 2022027814W WO 2023008225 A1 WO2023008225 A1 WO 2023008225A1
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- thermal spray
- spray coating
- heat
- atomized powder
- phase
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims description 154
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 72
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 24
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- GETQUXSKPMRGCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;methane Chemical compound C.C.C.[Cr].[Cr].[Cr].[Cr].[Cr].[Cr].[Cr] GETQUXSKPMRGCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/008—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression characterised by the composition
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/10—Carbide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an atomized powder, a thermal spray coating, a hearth roll, and a method for manufacturing a hearth roll.
- a heat treatment furnace such as a steel sheet continuous annealing furnace
- rolls for conveying steel sheets called hearth rolls are arranged.
- a steel plate is heat-treated in a furnace, and deposits called build-up may be formed on the surface of the hearth roll due to reaction with the steel plate.
- the buildup is formed, the surface of the steel sheet conveyed on the hearth roll is dented and the like is caused, resulting in poor quality of the steel sheet. Therefore, when build-up occurs, it is necessary to immediately stop the operation and clean the roll surface, which significantly reduces the production efficiency. Therefore, the occurrence of buildup is prevented by providing a thermally sprayed coating on the surface of the hearth roll (see Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example).
- the thermal spray powders used in Patent Documents 1-3 contain chromium carbide and a refractory metal.
- Patent Document 4 as a thermal spray powder for forming a thermal spray coating with high hardness even at high temperatures, a thermal spray powder composed of chromium carbide and a metal phase, wherein the metal phase is the metal or alloy matrix is the metal phase A chromium carbide thermal spray powder is proposed which is dispersed and strengthened with fine ceramic hard particles in a volume ratio of 0.5 to 15%.
- JP-A-59-126772 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-240072 WO2009/069829 JP-A-62-099449
- the thermal spray powders proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are all thermal spray powders produced by a granulation sintering method.
- the thermal spray powder produced by the granulation and sintering method has small primary particles of chromium carbide and heat-resistant alloy powder, is porous, and has a large specific surface area. Therefore, a thermal spray coating formed using this thermal spray powder is easily oxidized.
- this thermal spray powder is used to form a thermal spray coating on the surface of the hearth roll, the surface of the roll is oxidized at an early stage, causing build-up in which foreign matter adheres and grows on the roll surface, and pick-up in which foreign matter is caught on the roll surface. There was a problem that it became easy to happen.
- the thermal spray coatings proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 have non-uniform distribution and size of chromium carbides, and there are places where the hardness is partially low. There was a problem.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve such problems, and have found that the above problems can be solved by using atomized powder having a specific composition as the thermal spray powder, and have completed the present invention.
- the atomized powder according to one aspect of the present invention is An atomized powder having a heat-resistant alloy phase and a Cr 7 C 3 phase dispersed in the heat-resistant alloy phase, In mass units, 20 to 46% Ni, 22 to 43% Cr, 4 to 13% Al, 0.1 to 1.0% Y, 0.3 to 4.2% C, and the balance consists of Co and unavoidable impurities.
- this atomized powder by forming a thermal spray coating using this atomized powder, a coating excellent in high-temperature hardness, oxidation resistance, toughness, and thermal shock resistance can be obtained.
- the heat-resistant alloy phase is preferably a Co-based alloy phase.
- a part of the Cr 7 C 3 phase preferably has an acicular structure.
- the ratio of the Cr 7 C 3 phase in the cross-sectional structure of each powder is preferably 50 area % or less.
- the atomized powder having one or more of the above (2) to (4) is suitable as a thermal spray powder for forming a thermal spray coating with high hardness and small variations in hardness from area to area.
- a thermal spray coating according to one aspect of the present invention is a thermal spray coating formed using the atomized powder of any one of (1) to (4) above.
- Another thermal spray coating according to an aspect of the present invention includes a heat-resistant alloy phase and a Cr 7 C 3 phase dispersed in the heat-resistant alloy phase, wherein the heat-resistant alloy phase includes Co, Ni, Cr, Al, The thermal spray coating consists of Y and unavoidable impurities, and contains 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of Cr 7 C 3 .
- the heat-resistant alloy phase is preferably a Co-based alloy phase.
- part of the Cr 7 C 3 phase preferably has an acicular structure.
- a hearth roll according to an aspect of the present invention is a hearth roll comprising a roll body and a thermally sprayed coating, and the thermally sprayed coating is provided on the surface thereof, and the thermally sprayed coating is the above (5) to (8). is any of the thermal spray coating.
- the thermal spray coating provided on the surface of the hearth roll is excellent in high-temperature hardness, oxidation resistance, toughness, and thermal shock resistance. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pick-up and build-up on the surface of the hearth roll (the contact surface with the steel plate).
- a method for manufacturing a hearth roll according to an aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a hearth roll comprising a roll body and a thermal spray coating, the thermal spray coating being provided on the surface of the hearth roll,
- a production method comprising forming a thermal spray coating on the surface of the roll body using the atomized powder of any one of the above (1) to (4), and then hardening the thermal spray coating by heat treatment.
- the coating hardness is further improved and wear resistance is improved. It is possible to further improve the performance.
- the surface of the heat-treated thermal spray coating is melted and solidified by further irradiating with a laser beam, thereby reducing the hardness of the heat-treated thermal spray coating.
- the laser treatment makes the surface of the thermal spray coating smooth and the surface layer dense. As a result, the possibility of occurrence of pick-up and build-up can be further suppressed.
- the surface of the thermal spray coating formed using the above atomized powder is subjected to heat treatment and laser treatment, the fine chromium carbide structure on the surface layer disappears, the hardness of the thermal spray coating decreases, and the toughness of the thermal spray coating improves.
- the above laser treatment melts the heat-resistant alloy phase and chromium carbide to make the surface layer of the thermal spray coating uniform in composition, eliminates unevenness in oxidation resistance, and improves the oxidation resistance of the thermal spray coating.
- thermo spray coating excellent in high-temperature hardness, oxidation resistance, toughness, and thermal shock resistance
- a thermal spray powder for obtaining such a thermal spray coating and a hearth roll provided with the thermal spray coating.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of an example of atomized powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of an example of the granulated sintered powder.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a hearth roll according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing observation results of a cross section of the atomized powder of Example 1.
- FIG. 5(a) to 5(c) are diagrams showing the results of XRD measurement of the atomized powder and thermal spray coating produced in Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of evaluation (1) of the hardness of the thermal spray coating in the example.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of evaluation (2) of the hardness of the thermal spray coating in the example.
- 8 is SEM-BEI images of cross sections of the thermal spray coatings of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of evaluation (3) of the hardness of the thermal spray coating in the example.
- An atomized powder according to an embodiment of the present invention is an atomized powder having a heat resistant alloy phase and a Cr 7 C 3 phase.
- the heat-resistant alloy phase is preferably a Co-based alloy phase.
- the atomized powder is a powder produced by an atomizing method, and has a structure in which fine chromium carbides are uniformly dispersed and precipitated in a heat-resistant alloy phase.
- the atomized powder has a structure in which fine chromium carbides (Cr 7 C 3 ) are uniformly dispersed and precipitated in the heat-resistant alloy phase, unlike powders produced by granulating and sintering chromium carbide and a heat-resistant alloy. . Therefore, by forming a thermal spray coating using the above atomized powder as a thermal spray powder, the obtained thermal spray coating has a high hardness as a whole and a small variation in hardness from area to area.
- the atomized powder has a small specific surface area because it is a solid powder, unlike the powder produced by the granulation and sintering method (hereinafter also referred to as granulation and sintering powder). Therefore, the atomized powder has higher oxidation resistance than the granulated sintered powder. Moreover, the thermal spray coating formed using the above atomized powder has better oxidation resistance than the thermal spray coating formed using the above granulated sintered powder.
- the chromium carbide in the atomized powder is Cr 7 C 3 .
- Cr 7 C 3 is more stable in high temperature environments than Cr 3 C 2 . Therefore, a thermal spray coating containing Cr 7 C 3 formed using the above atomized powder does not easily change over time even when exposed to a high-temperature environment.
- the thermal spray coating can sufficiently contain a heat-resistant alloy phase (for example, 70% by mass or more), so that it can exhibit excellent thermal shock resistance.
- the atomized powder contains 20 to 46% Ni, 22 to 43% Cr, 4 to 13% Al, 0.1 to 1.0% Y, and 0.3 to 4.2% C in mass units. % and the balance consists of Co and unavoidable impurities.
- the atomized powder having such a composition is designed to contain 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of Cr 7 C 3 in the powder.
- the content of Cr 7 C 3 in the atomized powder is less than 5% by mass, the amount of precipitated chromium carbide may be insufficient and sufficient hardness may not be obtained.
- the content of Cr 7 C 3 in the atomized powder is 30% by mass or more, the content of the heat-resistant alloy phase in the atomized powder decreases, and the thermal shock of the thermal spray coating formed using the atomized powder is reduced. may become inadequate.
- heat-resistant alloy examples include those containing Co, Ni, Cr, Al, and Y. Specifically, CoNiCrAlY alloys, NiCoCrAlY alloys, and the like are included.
- the atomized powder contains predetermined amounts of Ni, Cr, Al, Y, and C as constituent elements.
- the reason is as follows. Ni: 20 to 46% by mass
- Ni is a basic constituent element along with Co, and is contained to impart heat resistance and oxidation resistance. If the Ni content is less than 20% by mass, the toughness is lowered and the oxidation resistance is poor. On the other hand, when the Ni content exceeds 46% by mass, the content of Cr and Al decreases, resulting in poor oxidation resistance.
- Cr 22-43% by mass
- Cr is contained in order to precipitate chromium carbide and form an oxide film with excellent protective properties. If the Cr content is less than 22% by mass, the precipitation amount of chromium carbide is insufficient, and sufficient film hardness cannot be obtained. Moreover, it is also inferior in oxidation resistance. On the other hand, when the Cr content exceeds 43% by mass, the toughness is impaired. In addition, nozzle clogging is likely to occur during production by the atomization method, making production difficult.
- Al 4 to 13% by mass
- A1 is contained in order to form an oxide film with excellent protective properties. If the Al content is less than 4% by mass, it is difficult to form a dense Al 2 O 3 layer on the coating surface. On the other hand, when the content of Al exceeds 13% by mass, the film becomes brittle and deteriorates in thermal shock resistance.
- Y 0.1 to 1.0% by mass
- Y is contained to stably form an oxide film with excellent protective properties and to prevent peeling. If the content of Y is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of addition does not appear. On the other hand, when the Y content exceeds 1.0% by mass, the film becomes brittle and has poor oxidation resistance.
- C 0.3 to 4.2% by mass
- C is contained to precipitate chromium carbide. If the C content is less than 0.3% by mass, the amount of precipitated chromium carbide is insufficient, and sufficient film hardness cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the C content exceeds 4.2% by mass, the toughness is impaired. In addition, nozzle clogging is likely to occur during production by the atomization method, making production difficult.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of an example of atomized powder (20 wt % Cr 7 C 3 —CoNiCrAlY/see Example 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of a granulated sintered powder (40 wt % Cr 3 C 2 —CoNiCrAlY/see Comparative Example 1).
- part of the Cr 7 C 3 phase dispersed in the heat-resistant alloy phase (Co-based alloy phase) observed by SEM preferably has an acicular structure.
- the atomized powder preferably contains a large number of needle-like structures having an aspect ratio of 2 or more and 100 or less as the needle-like structure.
- the aspect ratio of the needle-like structure is the ratio of the length of the long-axis portion to the length of the short-axis portion of each needle-like structure.
- the atomized powder in which the acicular structure of the Cr 7 C 3 phase having the above aspect ratio is dispersed in the powder has high hardness and is suitable as a thermal spray powder for forming a thermal spray coating with small variation in hardness from area to area. be.
- An example of the minor axis length of the acicular structure of the Cr 7 C 3 phase is 8 ⁇ m or less, preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
- an example of the length of the minor axis of the needle-like structure is 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
- the Cr 7 C 3 phase can be said to be a microstructure.
- An example of the distance between the adjacent needle-like structures of the Cr 7 C 3 phase (distance between the closest portions) is 5 ⁇ m or less.
- an example of the distance between the adjacent needle-like structures of the Cr 7 C 3 phase (the distance of the closest portions) is 0.1 ⁇ m or more. In this case, it can be said that the Cr 7 C 3 phase is excellent in uniform dispersibility.
- the proportion of the Cr 7 C 3 phase in the cross-sectional structure of each powder is preferably 50 area % or less. If it exceeds 50 area %, the uniform dispersibility of Cr 7 C 3 is poor.
- the ratio of the Cr 7 C 3 phase in the cross-sectional structure of each powder is preferably 20 area % or more. If it is less than 20 area %, it will be difficult to obtain sufficient film hardness.
- the ratio of the Cr 7 C 3 phase in the cross-sectional structure of each powder can be calculated from the cross-sectional SEM image of the atomized powder.
- Examples of the atomizing method include a gas atomizing method, a water atomizing method, and a disc atomizing method.
- the produced powder may be classified with a sieve to adjust the particle size.
- raw metal is heated and melted to obtain molten metal.
- This molten metal flows out of the nozzle.
- a gas eg, argon gas, nitrogen gas, etc.
- the energy of this gas pulverizes the molten metal into droplets, which are cooled while falling.
- the droplets solidify to form particles.
- the water atomization method is a method in which water is sprayed instead of gas in the gas atomization method.
- the raw metal is heated and melted to obtain a molten metal.
- This molten metal flows out of the nozzle.
- This molten metal is dropped onto a disk rotating at high speed.
- the molten metal is quenched and solidified to obtain a powder.
- a gas atomization method is preferable as the atomization method.
- the molten metal is instantaneously turned into droplets and cooled at the same time, resulting in a uniform microstructure.
- droplets are continuously formed, the difference in composition between particles is extremely small. This is one of the reasons why the gas atomization method is preferred.
- a thermal spray coating according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat-resistant alloy phase and a Cr 7 C 3 phase dispersed in the heat-resistant alloy phase, and the heat-resistant alloy phase contains Co, Ni, Cr, Al, Y and unavoidable impurities. containing 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of Cr 7 C 3 .
- Cr 7 C 3 is more stable in high temperature environments than Cr 3 C 2 . Therefore, the thermal spray coating is less likely to change over time even when exposed to a high-temperature environment.
- a thermal spray coating containing Cr 7 C 3 as chromium carbide maintains a uniformly dispersed state of the chromium carbide phase even in a high-temperature environment. Therefore, the thermal spray coating can maintain hardness even when the content of chromium carbide in the coating is less than 30% by mass. In addition, even in a high-temperature environment, the thermal spray coating does not lose its oxidation resistance and toughness because the Cr content in the heat-resistant alloy phase does not decrease. Furthermore, the thermal spray coating can contain 70% by mass or more of the heat-resistant alloy phase, and therefore has excellent thermal shock resistance.
- the thermal spray coating contains 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of Cr 7 C 3 . If the content of Cr 7 C 3 is less than 5% by mass, the thermal spray coating may have insufficient hardness and heat resistance. On the other hand, when the content of Cr 7 C 3 is 30% by mass or more, the amount of the heat-resistant alloy phase in the thermal spray coating decreases, and the thermal shock resistance of the thermal spray coating may become insufficient.
- the composition of the thermal spray coating is, in units of mass, 20 to 46% Ni, 22 to 43% Cr, 4 to 13% Al, 0.1 to 1.0% Y, and 0.3 to 4 C. .2% with the balance being Co and unavoidable impurities. Having such a composition is suitable for forming a thermal spray coating excellent in high-temperature hardness, oxidation resistance, toughness, and thermal shock resistance.
- the thermal spray coating can be produced by thermal spraying using the atomized powder as the thermal spray powder.
- a thermal spray coating formed using the above atomized powder is also an aspect of the present invention.
- the thermal spraying method for forming the thermal spray coating is not particularly limited, and for example, high-velocity flame spraying (HVOF) or the like can be used.
- HVOF high-velocity flame spraying
- the fuel gas is usually kerosene, C3H8 , C2H2 , or C3H6 .
- the pressure of the fuel gas should be 0.1 to 1 MPa, and the flow rate of the fuel gas should be 10 to 500 l/min.
- the pressure of the oxygen gas should be 0.1 to 1 MPa, and the flow rate of the oxygen gas should be 100 to 1200 l/min.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a hearth roll according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hearth roll 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a roll body 11 and a thermal spray coating 14, as shown in FIG.
- the roll body 11 is composed of a roll shaft 12 and a roll substrate 13 attached to the roll shaft 12 .
- the thermal spray coating 14 is provided on the surface (peripheral surface) of the roll base material 13 .
- the hearth roll 10 functions as a steel plate conveying roll that conveys a steel plate.
- the hearth roll 10 conveys the steel sheet by bringing the peripheral surface of the hearth roll 10 (the surface of the thermal spray coating 14 ) into contact with the steel sheet while rotating about the roll shaft 12 .
- the roll base material 13 is made of metal such as steel.
- metal for example, stainless steel heat-resistant cast steel or the like is used.
- the thermal spray coating 14 is the thermal spray coating according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. Therefore, the hearth roll 10 is less likely to pick up or build up on its peripheral surface.
- the thickness of the thermal spray coating 14 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating 14 is less than 20 ⁇ m, the effect of providing the thermal spray coating (suppression of build-up and pick-up) cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the thermal spray coating 14 exceeds 300 ⁇ m, the thermal spray coating tends to crack due to the difference in thermal expansion from the roll substrate.
- a manufacturing method of forming a thermal spray coating on the surface of the roll body 11 using the above atomized powder can be adopted.
- the hardness can be increased compared to the thermal spray coating before the heat treatment.
- the heat treatment may be performed, for example, under the condition of heating at 300° C. or higher and 600° C. or lower for 1 hour or longer and 10 hours or shorter. A more preferable heating temperature is 400° C. or higher.
- This heat treatment may be performed in an oxidizing atmosphere (eg, in air) or in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- a treatment method in a non-oxidizing atmosphere for example, there is a method in which a roll body on which a thermal spray coating is formed is placed in a heating furnace in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- the surface of the heat-treated thermal spray coating is preferably melted and solidified by further irradiating the thermal spray coating with a laser beam. This reduces the hardness of the heat-treated thermal spray coating.
- the structure of fine chromium carbide (Cr 7 C 3 ) on the surface layer of the thermal spray coating disappears and the hardness of the thermal spray coating decreases.
- the laser-treated thermal spray coating has improved toughness and is excellent in thermal shock resistance.
- the surface of the thermal spray coating becomes smooth and the surface layer has a dense structure. As a result, pick-up and build-up are less likely to occur. Further, when the laser treatment is performed, the heat-resistant alloy phase and the chromium carbide are melted and solidified, so that the melted portion of the thermal spray coating has a uniform composition. As a result, the oxidation resistance of the thermal spray coating is improved.
- Conditions for the laser treatment are not particularly limited, and may be performed under conditions that partially melt the thermal spray coating.
- Lasers used in the laser treatment include, for example, fiber lasers, Nd/YAG lasers, disk lasers, and the like.
- the depth of the thermal spray coating melted by the laser treatment may be, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- a thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of a plate-shaped base material (made of austenitic stainless steel (SUS304), length 50 mm x width 50 mm x thickness 5 mm) by a high speed flame (HVOF) thermal spraying method to prepare a test piece. . Furthermore, the obtained test piece was subjected to heat treatment and laser treatment.
- a plate-shaped base material made of austenitic stainless steel (SUS304), length 50 mm x width 50 mm x thickness 5 mm
- HVOF high speed flame
- Example 1 Preparation of Thermal Spraying Powder (Atomized Powder) A powder of 20 wt % Cr 7 C 3 —CoNiCrAlY (particle size ⁇ 38/+10 ⁇ m) was produced as the atomized powder. Raw materials weighed to have a predetermined composition shown in Table 1 below were induction-melted in a refractory crucible in an argon atmosphere, and argon gas was sprayed into the molten metal flowing out from a nozzle at the bottom of the crucible. The molten metal was quenched and solidified to obtain a gas-atomized powder. This gas-atomized powder was classified to obtain a thermal spray powder.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional SEM-BEI observation image and a binarized image of the atomized powder, and the calculation result of the area ratio of precipitated carbide.
- thermal Spray Coating Using the above atomized powder as a thermal spray powder, a thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of the above base material by a high-speed flame spraying method to obtain a test piece. JP-5000 (manufactured by Praxair/TAFA) was used as a high-speed flame spraying device.
- Laser processing was performed under the following conditions.
- Laser type Yb-based fiber laser
- Laser wavelength 1070 nm
- Power density 1.4 ⁇ 10 6 W/cm 2
- Output 1000W
- Laser spot diameter diameter 300 ⁇ m
- Thermal Spray Coating The powder produced by the granulation and sintering method was used as the thermal spray powder, and a thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of the base material by the high-speed flame spraying method under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a test piece.
- FIGS. 5(a) to 5(c) show the measurement results of the atomized powder.
- FIG. 5(b) shows the measurement results of the thermal spray coating (before heat treatment).
- FIG. 5(c) shows the measurement results of the thermal spray coating (after laser treatment).
- downward arrows indicate peak positions of Cr 3 C 2 .
- the atomized powder and thermal spray coating in Example 1 contained Cr 7 C 3 as chromium carbide, and Cr 3 C 2 was not detected. .
- Example 1 Evaluation of hardness of thermal spray coating
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 (i) after forming the thermal spray coating, (ii) after forming the thermal spray coating, and after heat treatment at a predetermined temperature (400 ° C., 500 ° C., 600 ° C.) for 6 hours, for each test piece, The Vickers hardness of the surface layer of the thermal spray coating was measured. The measurement was performed at 10 points, and the average value was taken as the film hardness. The results are shown in FIG. The Vickers hardness was measured using a micro Vickers hardness tester under the condition of a load of 25 g. As shown in FIG. 6, Example 1 (represented as gas atomized powder in the figure, the same applies to FIGS.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1 (represented as granulated sintered powder in the figure, the same applies to FIGS. 7 to 9) )), the hardness of the thermal spray coating was increased by heat treatment after the formation of the thermal spray coating.
- variations in the hardness of the thermal spray coating were smaller than in Comparative Example 1 at any stage.
- Comparative Example 1 the coating hardness of the thermal spray coating increased when heat treatment was performed, and then increased further when laser treatment was performed.
- variations in the hardness of the thermal spray coating were smaller than in Comparative Example 1 at any stage.
- FIG. 8 shows cross-sectional SEM-BEI images of the thermal spray coatings produced in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 at each stage.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- Example 8 at any stage, the thermal spray coating of Example 1 maintains a fine state of chromium carbide and has fewer pores than the thermal spray coating of Comparative Example 1. rice field.
- Example 1 the surface layer of the thermal spray coating was melted and solidified by the laser treatment to be densified, and the surface was smooth.
- Comparative Example 1 although the surface of the thermal spray coating was smooth after the laser treatment, the surface layer did not have a uniform structure.
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2021年7月27日出願の日本出願第2021-122668号に基づく優先権を主張し、上記国際特許出願に記載された全ての記載内容を援用するものである。
ビルドアップが形成されると、ハースロール上を搬送される鋼板の表面に押し疵等が生じ、鋼板の品質不良を招く。そのため、ビルドアップが発生した場合には、直ちに操業を中止してロール表面の清浄化を図る必要があり、生産効率が著しく低下する。
そこで、ハースロール表面に溶射皮膜を設けることによりビルドアップの発生を防ぐことが行われている(例えば、特許文献1~3参照)。
特許文献1~3で使用される溶射粉末は、クロム炭化物と耐熱金属とを含有するものである。
また、特許文献1~4で提案された溶射皮膜は、クロム炭化物の分布や大きさが不均一で、部分的に硬さの低い場所があり、この点でもピックアップやビルドアップが発生しやすい、という課題があった。
耐熱合金相と、上記耐熱合金相に分散したCr7C3相とを有するアトマイズ粉末であって、
質量単位で、Niを20~46%、Crを22~43%、Alを4~13%、Yを0.1~1.0%、Cを0.3~4.2%含有し、残部がCo及び不可避的不純物からなる。
(3)上記(1)又は(2)のアトマイズ粉末は、好ましくは、上記Cr7C3相の一部が、針状組織である。
(4)上記(1)~(3)のいずれかのアトマイズ粉末は、好ましくは、各粉末の断面組織に占めるCr7C3相の割合が、50面積%以下である。
上記(2)~(4)の一つ又は複数の構成を有するアトマイズ粉末は、硬さが高く、エリアごとの硬さのバラツキが小さい溶射皮膜を形成するための溶射粉末として適している。
(6)本発明の一態様に係る別の溶射皮膜は、耐熱合金相と、上記耐熱合金相に分散したCr7C3相とを含み、上記耐熱合金相がCo、Ni、Cr、Al、Y及び不可避的不純物からなり、Cr7C3を全体の5質量%以上30質量%未満含む、溶射皮膜である。
(7)上記(6)の溶射皮膜は、好ましくは、上記耐熱合金相が、Co基合金相である。
(8)上記(6)又は(7)の溶射皮膜は、好ましくは、上記Cr7C3相の一部が、針状組織である。
これらの溶射皮膜は、高温硬さ、耐酸化性、靭性、耐熱衝撃性に優れる。
上記ハースロールは、表面に備える溶射皮膜が、高温硬さ、耐酸化性、靭性、耐熱衝撃性に優れる。
そのため、ハースロールの表面(鋼板との接触面)におけるピックアップやビルドアップの発生を抑制することができる。
上記(1)~(4)のいずれかのアトマイズ粉末を用いて上記ロール本体の表面に溶射皮膜を形成し、その後、上記溶射皮膜を熱処理して硬化させる製造方法である。
このハースロールの製造方法によれば、形成した溶射皮膜に熱処理を施すため、耐熱合金相中にさらに微細なクロム炭化物が析出し、製造したハースロールにおいて、皮膜硬さをより向上させ、耐摩耗性をさらに向上させることができる。
この場合、レーザ処理によって、溶射皮膜の表面が滑らか、かつ表層が緻密な組織になる。その結果、ピックアップやビルドアップが発生する可能性をさらに抑制することができる。
さらに、上記アトマイズ粉末を用いて形成した溶射皮膜に対して熱処理後、表面をレーザ処理すると、表層の微細なクロム炭化物の組織がなくなって溶射皮膜の硬さが低下し、溶射皮膜の靭性が向上して、耐熱衝撃性に優れた皮膜構造となる。
また、上記レーザ処理により、耐熱合金相及びクロム炭化物が溶けて溶射皮膜の表層部が均一組成になり、耐酸化性のムラがなくなり、溶射皮膜の耐酸化性が向上する。
<アトマイズ粉末>
本発明の実施形態に係るアトマイズ粉末は、耐熱合金相と、Cr7C3相とを有するアトマイズ粉末である。耐熱合金相は、Co基合金相であることが好ましい。
上記アトマイズ粉末は、アトマイズ法を用いて製造された粉末であり、耐熱合金相中に微細なクロム炭化物が均一に分散・析出した組織を有する。
そのため、上記アトマイズ粉末を溶射粉末として溶射皮膜を形成することにより、得られた溶射皮膜は、皮膜全体の硬さが高く、エリアごとの硬さのばらつきが少ないものとなる。
Cr7C3は、Cr3C2に比べて高温環境において安定である。そのため、上記アトマイズ粉末を用いて形成された、Cr7C3を有する溶射皮膜は、高温環境に曝されても経時変化しにくい。
これに対して、上記アトマイズ粉末を用いて形成されたCr7C3を有する溶射皮膜は、高温環境であってもクロム炭化物相(Cr7C3相)の均一な分散状態が維持される。そのため、溶射皮膜中のクロム炭化物の含有量が30質量%未満であっても、硬さを維持することができる。また、上記溶射皮膜は、耐熱合金相中のCrが減らないので、耐酸化性と靭性が損なわれない。更に、上記溶射皮膜は、耐熱合金相を十分に含むことができる(例えば、70質量%以上)ので、優れた耐熱衝撃性を発揮することができる。
このような組成のアトマイズ粉末は、粉末中にCr7C3を5質量%以上30質量%未満含有するように設計されている。
一方、上記アトマイズ粉中のCr7C3の含有量が30質量%以上となると、上記アトマイズ粉末中の耐熱合金相の含有量が少なくなり、上記アトマイズ粉末を用いて形成した溶射皮膜の耐熱衝撃性が不十分になることがある。また、耐熱合金相とCr7C3相とを有し、Cr7C3の含有量が30質量%以上の粉末は、アトマイズ法で製造することが難しい。
Ni:20~46質量%
上記アトマイズ粉末において、NiはCoと並ぶ基本構成元素であり、耐熱性及び耐酸化性の付与のために含有する。
Niの含有量が20質量%未満であれば、靭性が低下し、耐酸化性が劣る。一方、Niの含有量が46質量%を超えると、CrやAlの含有量が減るため耐酸化性が劣る。
上記アトマイズ粉末において、Crはクロム炭化物を析出させるため、及び保護性に優れた酸化皮膜を形成するために含有する。
Crの含有量が22質量%未満であれば、クロム炭化物の析出量が不足し、十分な皮膜硬さが得られない。また、耐酸化性にも劣る。
一方、Crの含有量が43質量%を超えると、靭性が損なわれる。また、アトマイズ法による製造時にノズル閉塞が起こりやすく、作製が難しい。
上記アトマイズ粉末において、A1は保護性に優れた酸化皮膜を形成するために含有する。
Alの含有量が4質量%未満であれば、皮膜表面に緻密なAl2O3層を形成することが難しい。一方、Alの含有量が13質量%を超えると、皮膜が脆化して、耐熱衝撃性に劣る。
上記アトマイズ粉末において、Yは保護性に優れた酸化皮膜の安定生成、及び剥離防止のために含有する。
Yの含有量が0.1質量%未満であれば、添加の効果が表れない。一方、Yの含有量が1.0質量%を超えると、皮膜が脆化して耐酸化性に劣る。
上記アトマイズ粉末において、Cはクロム炭化物を析出させるために含有する。
Cの含有量が0.3質量%未満であれば、クロム炭化物の析出量が不足し、十分な皮膜硬さが得られない。
一方、Cの含有量が4.2質量%を超えると、靭性が損なわれる。また、アトマイズ法による製造時にノズル閉塞が起こりやすく、作製が難しい。
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係るアトマイズ粉末の一例(20wt%Cr7C3-CoNiCrAlY/実施例1参照)の断面SEM写真である。
図2は、造粒焼結粉末の(40wt%Cr3C2-CoNiCrAlY/比較例1参照)の断面SEM写真である。
一方、図2に示すように造粒焼結粉末では、耐熱合金相とは分離した粗大なクロム炭化物(Cr3C2粒子)が観察され、図1のような耐熱合金相中に分散した微細なCr7C3相は観察されない。
上記アトマイズ粉末は、上記針状組織として、アスペクト比が2以上、100以下の針状組織を多数含んでいることが好ましい。ここで、針状組織のアスペクト比とは、各針状組織の短軸部分の長さに対する長軸部分の長さの比である。
上記アスペクト比を有するCr7C3相の針状組織が粉末中に分散したアトマイズ粉末は、硬さが高く、エリアごとの硬さのバラツキが小さい溶射皮膜を形成するための溶射粉末として好適である。
上記Cr7C3相の隣り合う針状組織同士の距離(最近接する部分の距離)の一例は5μm以下である。一方、上記Cr7C3相の隣り合う針状組織同士の距離(最近接する部分の距離)の一例は0.1μm以上である。この場合、上記Cr7C3相は均一分散性に優れているといえる。
各粉末の断面組織に占めるCr7C3相の割合は、上記アトマイズ粉末の断面SEM画像から算出することができる。
上記アトマイズ法では、製造された粉末は、篩で分級され、粒径が調整されてもよい。
このガスのエネルギーにより、溶湯は粉化して液滴となり、落下されつつ冷却される。この液滴が凝固し、粒子が形成される。
ディスクアトマイズ法では、原料金属が加熱されて溶解し、溶湯が得られる。この溶湯が、ノズルから流れ出る。この溶湯が、高速で回転するディスクの上に落とされる。溶湯は急冷されて凝固し、粉末が得られる。
ガスアトマイズ法では、溶湯が瞬間的に液滴化し、これと同時に冷却されるので、均一な微細組織が得られる。しかも、連続的に液滴が形成されるので、粒子間の組成差が極めて小さい。これが、ガスアトマイズ法が好ましい理由の1つである。
本発明の実施形態に係る溶射皮膜は、耐熱合金相と、上記耐熱合金相に分散したCr7C3相とを含み、上記耐熱合金相がCo、Ni、Cr、Al、Y及び不可避的不純物からなり、Cr7C3を全体の5質量%以上30質量%未満含む。
Cr7C3は、Cr3C2に比べて高温環境において安定である。そのため、上記溶射皮膜は、高温環境に曝されても経時変化しにくい。
上記Cr7C3の含有量が5質量%未満では、溶射皮膜の硬さや耐熱性が不十分になることがある。
一方、上記Cr7C3の含有量が30質量%以上となると、溶射皮膜中の耐熱合金相の量が少なくなり、上記溶射皮膜の耐熱衝撃性が不十分になることがある。
このような組成を有することが、高温硬さ、耐酸化性、靭性、耐熱衝撃性に優れた溶射皮膜とするのに適している。
上記アトマイズ粉末を用いて形成した溶射皮膜も本発明の一態様である。
図3は、本発明の実施形態に係るハースロールの一例を示す図である。
本発明の実施形態に係るハースロール10は、図3に示すように、ロール本体11と溶射皮膜14とを備える。
溶射皮膜14はロール基材13の表面(周面)に設けられている。
ハースロール10は、鋼板を搬送する鋼板搬送用ロールとして機能する。ハースロール10は、ロール軸12を中心として回転しながら、ハースロール10の周面(溶射皮膜14の表面)を鋼板に接触させることで、当該鋼板を搬送する。
上記金属としては、例えば、ステンレス鋼系耐熱鋳鋼等が用いられる。
そのため、ハースロール10は、その周面にピックアップやビルドアップが発生しにくい。
溶射皮膜14の厚さは、20μm以上300μm以下が好ましい。
溶射皮膜14の厚さが20μm未満では、溶射皮膜を設けることの効果(ビルドアップやピックアップの発生の抑制)を十分に得ることができない。一方、溶射皮膜14の厚さが300μmを超えると、ロール基材との熱膨張差により溶射皮膜が割れやすくなる。
ハースロール10の製造方法では、上記溶射皮膜の形成後に、熱処理によって溶射皮膜を硬化させることが好ましい。上記溶射皮膜を熱処理することで、熱処理前の溶射皮膜に比べて硬さを高めることができる。
この熱処理は、酸化雰囲気(例えば、大気中)であっても、非酸化雰囲気であってもよい。非酸化雰囲気での処理方法として、例えば、溶射皮膜が形成されたロール本体を、窒素またはアルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気の加熱炉内に設置して行う方法が挙げられる。
上記レーザ処理を行うと、溶射皮膜の表層の微細なクロム炭化物(Cr7C3)の組織がなくなって溶射皮膜の硬さが低下する。その一方で、レーザ処理された溶射皮膜は、靭性が向上して、耐熱衝撃性に優れた皮膜となる。
また、上記レーザ処理を行うと、耐熱合金相及びクロム炭化物が溶融し、凝固するため、溶射皮膜の一旦溶融した部分は均一組成になる。その結果、溶射皮膜の耐酸化性が向上する。
上記レーザ処理で使用するレーザとしては、例えば、ファイバレーザ、Nd/YAGレーザ、ディスクレーザ等が挙げられる。
上記レーザ処理で溶融させる溶射皮膜の深さは、例えば、5μm以上20μm以下とすればよい。
ここでは、板状の基材(オーステナイトステンレス鋼(SUS304)製、縦50mm×横50mm×厚さ5mm)の表面に、高速フレーム(HVOF)溶射法によって溶射皮膜を形成し、試験片を作製した。更に、得られた試験片に、熱処理及びレーザ処理を施した。
1.溶射粉末(アトマイズ粉末)の作製
アトマイズ粉末として、20wt%Cr7C3-CoNiCrAlY(粒径-38/+10μm)粉末を製造した。
下記の表1に示した所定の組成に秤量した原料を耐火物製坩堝でアルゴン雰囲気中にて誘導溶解し、るつぼ底部のノズルから流出する溶湯に、アルゴンガスを噴霧した。溶湯は急冷されて凝固し、ガスアトマイズ粉末が得られた。このガスアトマイズ粉末を分級して、溶射粉末を得た。
上記のアトマイズ粉末の断面SEM-BEI観察を行った。また、観察画像に画像処理(二値化)を施し、アトマイズ粉末全体における析出炭化物が占める面積率を算出した。
図4には、アトマイズ粉末の断面SEM-BEI観察画像及び二値化画像と、析出炭化物の面積率の算出結果とを示した。
上記アトマイズ粉末を溶射粉末として使用し、高速フレーム溶射法により上記基材の表面に溶射皮膜を形成し、試験片を得た。
高速フレーム溶射装置としては、JP-5000(Praxair/TAFA社製)を使用した。
酸素:896L/min
灯油:0.32L/min
溶射距離:380mm
材料供給量:50g/min
上記3.で作製した試験片を加熱炉に入れ、大気中で熱処理を施した。
ここで、熱処理温度は、400℃、500℃、又は600℃とし、熱処理時間は6時間とした。
上記4.で熱処理を施した試験片のうち、500℃×6hrで熱処理した試験片に更にレーザ処理を施した。
レーザ種:Yb系ファイバレーザ
レーザ波長:1070nm
パワー密度:1.4×106W/cm2
出力:1000W
レーザスポット径:直径300μm
1.溶射粉末
造粒焼結法で製造した40wt%Cr3C2-CoNiCrAlY(粒径-53/+20μm)粉末を準備した。
上記造粒焼結法で製造した粉末を溶射粉末として使用し、実施例1と同条件の高速フレーム溶射法により上記基材の表面に溶射皮膜を形成し、試験片を得た。
実施例1と同条件で試験片に熱処理を施した。
上記3.で熱処理を施した試験片のうち、500℃×6hrで熱処理した試験片に、実施例1と同条件でレーザ処理を施した。
1.XRD分析による構成相の確認
実施例1で製造したアトマイズ粉末、溶射皮膜(熱処理前)、及び溶射皮膜(レーザ処理後)について、XRDによる測定を行った。
結果を図5(a)~図5(c)に示した。図5(a)にはアトマイズ粉末の測定結果を示した。図5(b)には溶射皮膜(熱処理前)の測定結果を示した。図5(c)には溶射皮膜(レーザ処理後)の測定結果を示した。なお、図5(a)~図5(c)において、下向き矢印は、Cr3C2のピーク位置を表す。
図5(a)~図5(c)に示した通り、実施例1におけるアトマイズ粉末及び溶射皮膜は、クロムカーバイドとして、Cr7C3を有しており、Cr3C2は検出されなかった。
実施例1及び比較例1における(i)溶射皮膜形成後、(ii)溶射皮膜形成後、所定の温度(400℃、500℃、600℃)で6時間熱処理した後の試験片のそれぞれについて、溶射皮膜の表層のビッカース硬さを測定した。測定は10箇所で行い、その平均値を皮膜硬さとした。結果を図6に示した。
ビッカース硬さの測定は、マイクロビッカース硬さ試験機を用いて荷重25gの条件で行った。
図6に示した通り、実施例1(図中、ガスアトマイズ粉と表記、図7~図9も同じ)及び比較例1(図中、造粒焼結粉と表記、図7~図9も同じ))のいずれにおいても、溶射皮膜の形成後に熱処理を施すことで皮膜硬さが上昇した。
また、実施例1においては、いずれの段階でも、比較例1と比べて、溶射皮膜の硬さのバラツキが小さかった。
実施例1及び比較例1における(i)溶射皮膜形成後、(ii)溶射皮膜形成後、熱処理(500℃×6時間)した後、(iii)当該熱処理後、レーザ処理した後の試験片のそれぞれについて、溶射皮膜の表層のビッカース硬さを測定した。測定は10箇所で行い、その平均値を皮膜硬さとした。結果を図7に示した。
ビッカース硬さの測定は、マイクロビッカース硬さ試験機を用いて荷重25gの条件で行った。
図7に示した通り、実施例1において溶射皮膜の皮膜硬さは、熱処理を施すと一旦上昇したが、その後、レーザ処理を施すと低下した。これに対して、比較例1において溶射皮膜の皮膜硬さは、熱処理を施すと上昇し、その後、レーザ処理を施すとさらに上昇した。
また、実施例1においては、いずれの段階でも、比較例1と比べて、溶射皮膜の硬さのバラツキが小さかった。
実施例1及び比較例1で作製した溶射皮膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した。
図8は、実施例1及び比較例1で作製した溶射皮膜の各段階での断面SEM-BEI画像である。図8には、実施例1及び比較例1で作製した溶射皮膜のそれぞれについて、(i)溶射皮膜形成後、(ii)溶射皮膜形成後、熱処理(500℃×6時間)した後、(iii)当該熱処理後、レーザ処理した後、のそれぞれの溶射皮膜の観察画像を示した。
図8に示した観察画像から、いずれの段階においても、実施例1における溶射皮膜は、比較例1における溶射皮膜と比較して、クロム炭化物が微細な状態を維持しており、かつ気孔が少なかった。
また、実施例1においては、レーザ処理により溶射皮膜の表層が溶融・凝固して緻密化され、かつ表面が滑らかになっていた。一方、比較例1においては、レーザ処理後において溶射皮膜の表面は滑らかであるものの、表層が均一な組織になっていなかった。
実施例1及び比較例1で熱処理及びレーザ処理を施した試験片のそれぞれについて、溶射皮膜の中央部(レーザ処理時に溶融しなかった部分)の常温及び高温下でのビッカース硬さを測定した。
具体的には、23℃、400℃、600℃、800℃の各温度でのAr雰囲気中で測定した。測定は5箇所で行い、その平均値を常温又は高温下でのビッカース硬さとした。結果を図9に示した。常温及び高温下でのビッカース硬さの測定は、高温顕微硬度計を用いて荷重200gの条件で行った。
図9に示す通り、実施例1で作製した溶射皮膜と、比較例1で作製した溶射皮膜とでは、硬さにそれほど大きな違いはなく、いずれも高温環境で一定の硬さを維持していた。
11 ロール本体
12 ロール軸
13 ロール基材
14 溶射皮膜
Claims (11)
- 耐熱合金相と、前記耐熱合金相に分散したCr7C3相とを有するアトマイズ粉末であって、
質量単位で、Niを20~46%、Crを22~43%、Alを4~13%、Yを0.1~1.0%、Cを0.3~4.2%含有し、残部がCo及び不可避的不純物からなるアトマイズ粉末。 - 前記耐熱合金相は、Co基合金相である請求項1に記載のアトマイズ粉末。
- 前記Cr7C3相の一部は、針状組織である請求項1または2に記載のアトマイズ粉末。
- 各粉末の断面組織に占めるCr7C3相の割合が、50面積%以下である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ粉末。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ粉末を用いて形成した溶射皮膜。
- 耐熱合金相と、前記耐熱合金相に分散したCr7C3相とを含み、前記耐熱合金相がCo、Ni、Cr、Al、Y及び不可避的不純物からなり、Cr7C3を全体の5質量%以上30質量%未満含む、溶射皮膜。
- 前記耐熱合金相は、Co基合金相である請求項6に記載の溶射皮膜。
- 前記Cr7C3相の一部は、針状組織である請求項6または7に記載の溶射皮膜。
- ロール本体と溶射皮膜とを備え、前記溶射皮膜が表面に設けられたハースロールであって、
前記溶射皮膜は、請求項5~8のいずれかに記載の溶射皮膜であるハースロール。 - ロール本体と溶射皮膜とを備え、前記溶射皮膜が表面に設けられたハースロールの製造方法であって、
請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ粉末を用いて前記ロール本体の表面に溶射皮膜を形成し、その後、前記溶射皮膜を熱処理して硬化させるハースロールの製造方法。 - 熱処理した後に、さらにレーザービームを照射することで熱処理された溶射皮膜の表面を溶融・凝固させ、前記熱処理された溶射皮膜の硬さを低下させる請求項10に記載のハースロールの製造方法。
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JP2013010984A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Tocalo Co Ltd | 耐食性や耐プラズマエロージョン性に優れるサーメット溶射皮膜被覆部材およびその製造方法 |
WO2021132226A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 連続焼鈍炉用ハースロール |
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JPS59126772A (ja) | 1983-01-06 | 1984-07-21 | Kubota Ltd | 耐ビルドアツプ性溶射材料 |
JPS6299449A (ja) | 1985-10-25 | 1987-05-08 | Showa Denko Kk | クロムカ−バイト系溶射用粉末 |
JP2883245B2 (ja) | 1992-07-13 | 1999-04-19 | 日立金属株式会社 | リードフレーム用部材 |
JP5058645B2 (ja) | 2007-03-27 | 2012-10-24 | トーカロ株式会社 | 溶射用粉末、溶射皮膜及びハースロール |
BRPI0819856B1 (pt) | 2007-11-28 | 2019-09-17 | Tocalo Co., Ltd. | Cilindro de soleira em um forno de recozimento contínuo e seu método de produção |
JP7421084B2 (ja) | 2020-02-07 | 2024-01-24 | サミー株式会社 | ぱちんこ遊技機 |
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2022
- 2022-07-15 DE DE112022003712.1T patent/DE112022003712T5/de active Pending
- 2022-07-15 KR KR1020247006605A patent/KR20240043773A/ko unknown
- 2022-07-15 CN CN202280048959.5A patent/CN117677451A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-15 US US18/577,825 patent/US20240342793A1/en active Pending
- 2022-07-15 JP JP2023538437A patent/JPWO2023008225A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-07-15 WO PCT/JP2022/027814 patent/WO2023008225A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-07-21 TW TW111127423A patent/TW202307268A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (7)
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JPH02194118A (ja) * | 1989-01-23 | 1990-07-31 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 熱処理炉用ロールおよびその製造法 |
JPH03272959A (ja) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-12-04 | Tocalo Co Ltd | 耐ビルドアップ性ならびに高温耐摩耗性に優れる搬送用ロール |
JPH10110206A (ja) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Praxair St Technol Inc | 炭化クロム−ニッケルクロム微粒化粉の製造方法 |
JPH11343564A (ja) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 高温機器 |
JPH11350102A (ja) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-21 | Sulzer Metco Us Inc | 炭化クロムとニッケルクロムとからなる粉末 |
JP2013010984A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Tocalo Co Ltd | 耐食性や耐プラズマエロージョン性に優れるサーメット溶射皮膜被覆部材およびその製造方法 |
WO2021132226A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 連続焼鈍炉用ハースロール |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN117677451A (zh) | 2024-03-08 |
US20240342793A1 (en) | 2024-10-17 |
DE112022003712T5 (de) | 2024-05-23 |
KR20240043773A (ko) | 2024-04-03 |
JPWO2023008225A1 (ja) | 2023-02-02 |
TW202307268A (zh) | 2023-02-16 |
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