WO2022249591A1 - スパッタリングターゲットとセシウムタングステン酸化物膜の成膜方法 - Google Patents
スパッタリングターゲットとセシウムタングステン酸化物膜の成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022249591A1 WO2022249591A1 PCT/JP2022/006841 JP2022006841W WO2022249591A1 WO 2022249591 A1 WO2022249591 A1 WO 2022249591A1 JP 2022006841 W JP2022006841 W JP 2022006841W WO 2022249591 A1 WO2022249591 A1 WO 2022249591A1
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- film
- tungsten oxide
- sputtering
- distance
- sputtering target
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- VPXSRGLTQINCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicesium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O VPXSRGLTQINCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 163
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000123 Cs11O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001945 Cs4O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001946 Cs7O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OHUPZDRTZNMIJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cs].[W] Chemical group [Cs].[W] OHUPZDRTZNMIJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001942 caesium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- AKUNKIJLSDQFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dicesium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cs+].[Cs+] AKUNKIJLSDQFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/495—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
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- H01J37/3429—Plural materials
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3258—Tungsten oxides, tungstates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/405—Iron metal group, e.g. Co or Ni
- C04B2237/406—Iron, e.g. steel
Definitions
- the present invention provides a sputtering target for use in forming a cesium tungsten oxide film having high transmittance in the visible wavelength range, absorption in the near-infrared wavelength range, and radio wave transmittance by a sputtering method. and a method for forming a cesium tungsten oxide film, and in particular, n Cs /n W (where n W is cesium tungsten).
- the present invention relates to a sputtering target and a method for forming a cesium tungsten oxide film in which the number of W atoms in the oxide film and n Cs is the number of Cs atoms in the cesium tungsten oxide film are set within a desired range.
- Patent Literature 1 describes, as the light shielding member such as a window material, a film having a mirror surface state (light shielding member) formed by vapor deposition of a metal film such as aluminum.
- a light-shielding member such as a window material
- metal films such as aluminum have high conductivity, they reflect radio waves, making it difficult to connect to devices that use radio waves, such as mobile phones, smartphones, and devices using GPS (Global Positioning System).
- the present applicant has applied the general formula MxWyOz described in Patent Document 2 (M is one or more elements selected from alkali metals and the like, W is It proposes an infrared shielding fine particle dispersion having composite tungsten oxide fine particles represented by tungsten, O as oxygen, and 0.001 ⁇ x/y ⁇ 1, 2.2 ⁇ z/y ⁇ 3.0).
- Composite tungsten oxide fine particles efficiently absorb sunlight, especially light in the near-infrared region, and have high transparency to visible light.
- the above-mentioned infrared shielding fine particle dispersion is obtained by dispersing the composite tungsten oxide fine particles in an appropriate solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding a medium resin to the obtained dispersion liquid, and then coating the substrate surface to form a thin film. It has both heat ray shielding properties and radio wave permeability.
- Patent Document 2 since a thin film is formed by a coating method, an advanced coating technique is required to control the film thickness and ensure uniformity and flatness of the film thickness over a large area. I have a problem that I need.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a vehicle window glass and a manufacturing method thereof, and uses a large in-line sputtering apparatus capable of processing a large substrate of vehicle window glass.
- a window glass for a vehicle in which a first metal oxide film (ITO)/first Ag film/second metal oxide film (ITO)/second Ag film/third metal oxide film (ITO) are sequentially formed.
- Patent Document 4 proposes a composite tungsten oxide film (composite tungsten oxide film represented by the above general formula MxWyOz) derived from sputtering deposition.
- a cesium tungsten oxide film (a cesium tungsten oxide film in which M in the general formula MxWyOz is an alkali metal cesium), which is one type of composite tungsten oxide represented by the general formula MxWyOz, is described in Patent Document 4.
- the chemical composition of the cesium tungsten oxide forming the sputtering target and the chemical composition of the formed cesium tungsten oxide film sometimes do not match.
- n Cs /n W (n W is the W atom number, n Cs is the number of Cs atoms) does not match n Cs /n W , which indicates the ratio of the number of W and Cs atoms in the cesium tungsten oxide film constituting the sputtering target, and n Cs of the cesium tungsten oxide film /n W deviates from the desired range (0.3 or more and 0.36 or less), resulting in deterioration of high transmittance in the visible wavelength region and absorption in the near-infrared wavelength region, which are characteristics of the cesium tungsten oxide film.
- the present invention has been made by paying attention to such problems, and the object thereof is to solve the problem that nCs / nW , which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in a cesium tungsten oxide film, is in the visible wavelength range.
- a sputtering target set in a desired range 0.3 or more and 0.36 or less
- n Cs / Regarding n W in addition to the condition of n Cs /n W that indicates the ratio of the number of atoms of W and Cs in the sputtering target, which is the film-forming material, the distance between the sputtering target and the film-forming object during sputtering film-forming, and It has been found that the pressure conditions of the atmosphere during the sputtering film formation are also involved, and the n Cs /n W , which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the cesium tungsten oxide film, is set within the desired range (0.3 to 0.36 below), the condition of n Cs /n W indicating the ratio of the number of atoms of W and Cs in the sputtering target, the distance between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited during sputtering deposition, and the sputtering deposition It has been confirmed that it is necessary
- n Cs /n W which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the cesium tungsten oxide film, is hereinafter abbreviated as n Cs /n W (film), and the cesium tungsten oxide constituting the sputtering target
- n Cs /n W indicating the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in is sometimes abbreviated as n Cs /n W (T) hereinafter.
- the distance between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited (hereinafter abbreviated as [TS distance]) during sputtering deposition and the atmosphere during sputtering deposition
- [TS distance] the distance between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited
- the above n Cs /n W (T) of the sputtering target satisfies the following (Equation 1) with respect to the pressure P
- the above n Cs /n W (film) of the cesium tungsten oxide film is set to the desired range (0 0.3 or more and 0.36 or less).
- the present invention was completed based on the inventor's experiments and technical analysis.
- the first invention according to the present invention is In a sputtering target used for forming a cesium tungsten oxide film on a film-forming object by a sputtering method, Containing cesium (Cs) and tungsten (W), the distance between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited during sputtering film formation is [TS distance], the pressure of the atmosphere is P, and the amount of W contained in the sputtering target
- the number of atoms is n W and the number of atoms of Cs is n Cs , n Cs /n W (T)
- Equation 1 which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the sputtering target
- the second invention according to the present invention is In the sputtering target according to the first invention, It is characterized by being composed of a cesium tungsten oxide sintered body manufactured from cesium tungsten oxide powder
- the third invention is In the sputtering target according to the first invention, It is characterized by being composed of a thermally sprayed film of cesium tungsten oxide powder
- the fourth invention is In the sputtering target according to the second invention or the third invention, The cesium tungsten oxide powder is characterized by using a cesium source metal or compound and a tungsten source metal or compound as raw materials
- the fifth invention is In the sputtering target according to the fourth invention,
- the cesium source compound is composed of an oxide, carbonate or chloride
- the sixth invention is In the sputtering target according to the fourth invention,
- the tungsten source compound is characterized by comprising an oxide or a carbide.
- the seventh invention is A method for forming a cesium tungsten oxide film on a film-forming object using the sputtering target according to any one of the first to sixth inventions,
- the distance [TS distance] between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited during sputtering film formation is 60 mm or more and 140 mm or less
- the eighth invention is In the method for forming a cesium tungsten oxide film according to the seventh invention, It is characterized in that the pressure P of the atmosphere during sputtering film formation is 0.2 Pa or more and 0.8 Pa or less.
- n Cs /n W (T) which includes Cs and W and indicates the ratio of the number of atoms of W and Cs, is expressed by the following (Equation 1) with respect to the [TS distance] and the pressure P of the atmosphere during sputtering film formation.
- nCs / nW (film) which indicates the ratio of the number of atoms of W and Cs in the cesium tungsten oxide film formed using this sputtering target, has high transmittance in the visible wavelength range and near-infrared wavelength range. It is set in a desired range (0.3 or more and 0.36 or less) that can exhibit absorbency.
- a cesium tungsten oxide film having high transparency in the visible wavelength range, absorption in the near-infrared wavelength range, and radio wave transparency can be formed. It becomes possible to form a film on a film body.
- FIG. 1 Schematic diagram showing the crystal structure of a composite tungsten oxide having a hexagonal crystal structure.
- the distance [TS distance] between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited was set to 66 mm, 100 mm, and 134 mm, and the pressure P of the sputtering gas was set to n Cs representing the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in sputtering films (cesium tungsten oxide films) deposited at 0.2 (Pa), 0.6 (Pa), and 0.8 (Pa); /n W (film) vs. [TS distance] and sputtering gas pressure P (Pa).
- the distance [TS distance] between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited was set to 66 mm, 100 mm, and 134 mm, and the pressure of the sputtering gas n Cs /n W (film) and [TS distance ] and a graph showing the relationship with the oxygen concentration (%) of the sputtering gas.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength (nm) and the transmittance (%) of the heat ray shielding film according to the example.
- Composite tungsten oxide film general formula MxWyOz (M is one or more elements selected from alkali metals, etc., W is tungsten, O is oxygen, 0.001 ⁇ x/y ⁇ 1, 2.2 ⁇ z /y ⁇ 3.0), the cesium tungsten oxide film according to the present invention contains cesium (Cs), tungsten (W), and oxygen (O).
- Patent Document 2 The details of the technique related to infrared shielding using composite tungsten oxide fine particles by the present applicant are shown in Patent Document 2 as described above, and the composite tungsten oxide having the above composition range can be used as a main component. , is necessary to obtain a composite tungsten oxide film having high transmittance in the visible wavelength region and absorption in the near-infrared wavelength region.
- the basic optical properties of the composite tungsten oxide film are based on the theoretically calculated element M (M is H, He, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth element, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe , Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S , Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Be, Hf, Os, Bi, and one or more elements selected from I), tungsten (W) and oxygen (O ) is derived from the atomic arrangement. Specifically, when the composite tungsten oxide fine particles have a hexagonal crystal structure, the fine particles have improved transmission in the visible light region and improved absorption in the near-infrared region.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles may be crystalline or amorphous.
- the amount of element M to be added is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.33.
- the additive element M is arranged in all the hexagonal gaps.
- the cesium (Cs) should be set to a value in the vicinity of 0.33 with respect to tungsten (W) 1. and more preferably 0.3 or more and 0.36 or less. That is, n Cs /n W (film), which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the cesium tungsten oxide film, is in the range of 0.22 or more and 0.37 or less, preferably 0.3 or more and 0.36 or less. Then, the cesium tungsten oxide film has a hexagonal crystal structure, and the cesium tungsten oxide film has high transmittance in the visible wavelength region and absorption in the near-infrared wavelength region.
- n Cs /n W (film) of the cesium tungsten oxide film formed by sputtering under different TS distance] conditions and sputtering gas pressure P conditions, and [TS distance] and sputtering gas pressure P ( Pa) is shown in FIG.
- the [TS distance] conditions were set to 66 mm, 100 mm, and 134 mm, and the pressure P conditions were set to 0.2 (Pa), 0.6 (Pa), and 0.8 (Pa).
- the sputtering method for the cesium tungsten oxide film is a reactive sputtering method in which argon and oxygen are mixed in the sputtering gas (a method in which oxygen contained in the sputtering gas reacts with the film during film formation). A mixed gas of argon was used as the remainder.
- the sputtering target used in the test was obtained as follows.
- Cs 0.33 WO 3 microparticle powder manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. is put into a hot press device and sintered in a vacuum atmosphere at a temperature of 950° C. and a pressing pressure of 25 MPa to produce a cesium tungsten oxide sintered body. did.
- Cs / W that is, tungsten (W) 1
- cesium (Cs) is 0.33 [n Cs /n W , which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs, is 0.33] Met.
- the above-mentioned oxide sintered body is ground by machining to have a diameter of 4 inches and a thickness of 5 mm, and is joined to a stainless steel backing plate using a metal indium brazing material to obtain a sputtering target.
- the composition ratio of the metal elements contained in the sputtering film is generally the same as the composition ratio of the metal elements contained in the sputtering target used.
- the obtained sputtering film is 80 atomic % Ni-20 atomic % Cr.
- the composition ratio [n Cs /n W (T)] of the cesium tungsten oxide constituting the sputtering target (membrane)] are not identical as described above.
- the sputtering deposition of the cesium tungsten oxide film uses a mixed gas of argon and oxygen as the sputtering gas as described above, the composition ratio [n Cs /n W (film )], but the effect of oxygen content was not confirmed. That is, the graph of FIG.
- sputtering target produced by sintering Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particle powder [the above n Cs /n W (T) is 0.33], and the relationship between the sputtering target and the film-forming body of the sputtering film (cesium tungsten oxide film) formed by setting the distance [TS distance] to 66 mm, 100 mm, and 134 mm, and setting the pressure P of the sputtering gas to 0.6 (Pa). /n W (film), [TS distance] and the oxygen concentration (%) of the sputtering gas. From the graph of FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the oxygen content of the sputtering gas does not affect the composition ratio [n Cs /n W (film)] of the cesium tungsten oxide film.
- n Cs /n W (film) in FIGS. 2 and 3 showing the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the sputtered film (cesium tungsten oxide film) is the ICP of the sputtered film (cesium tungsten oxide film). It is determined by specific emission spectroscopic analysis.
- Mean free path is the average distance traveled by ejected atoms before colliding with other atoms.
- Mean free path is proportional to temperature, inversely proportional to the square of the atomic diameter, and inversely proportional to pressure.
- Cesium has an atomic diameter of 476 ⁇ and tungsten has an atomic diameter of 300 ⁇ . Given these atomic diameters, the mean free path of cesium is much smaller than that of tungsten. Also, the higher the pressure, the shorter the mean free path.
- n Cs / nW (film) the distance [TS distance] between the sputtering target and the object to be deposited may be adjusted.
- n Cs /n W (film) which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the sputtered film (cesium tungsten oxide film)
- the amount of cesium contained in the sputtering target may be increased.
- the number of tungsten atoms contained in the target is n W and the number of cesium atoms is n Cs , n Cs /n W (T), which indicates the atomic number ratio between tungsten and cesium, must be clearly defined.
- the graph in FIG. 2 shows a sputtering target prepared by sintering Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particle powder [n Cs /n W (T), which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs, is 0.33].
- n represents the ratio of the number of atoms of W and Cs in a cesium tungsten oxide film (sputtering film) formed by sputtering while changing the [TS distance] condition and the pressure P condition of the sputtering gas during sputtering film formation.
- the relationship between Cs /n W (film), [TS distance] and sputtering gas pressure P (Pa) is shown.
- the [TS distance] conditions are set to 66 mm, 100 mm, and 134 mm, and the pressure P conditions are set to 0.2 (Pa), 0.6 (Pa), and 0.8 (Pa).
- a regression equation (regression equation) showing the relationship between "sputtering gas pressure P (Pa)” and "sputtering film n Cs /n W (film)" in FIG. 2 is the following (first equation).
- n Cs /n W (film) aP + 0.346 (first formula)
- a is the slope of the regression equation (regression equation) shown in (first equation).
- the graph in FIG. 4 is a regression in FIG. 2 showing the relationship between the sputtering gas pressure P (Pa) and the sputtering film (cesium tungsten oxide film) n Cs /n W (film) It shows the relationship between the slope (a) of the formula (regression equation) and the [TS distance] shown in FIG. 2, and the regression equation ( Regression equation) becomes the following (second equation).
- a -000161 [TS distance] + 0.00559 (Second formula)
- the third equation is the sputtering target prepared by sintering the Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particle powder [n Cs /n Experimental value of n Cs /n W (film) for sputtering film (cesium tungsten oxide film) deposited using W (T) of 0.33] and [TS distance at the time of sputtering deposition ] and the pressure P of the sputtering gas.
- the left side of the (fourth formula) shows the composition gap between the "target composition ratio of the sputtering target" and the “target composition ratio ⁇ of the sputtering film”, and the right side of the (fourth formula) is the "target sputtering film
- the composition ratio ⁇ of the sputtering target which is set to be the same as the composition ratio of , and the composition ratio of the experimental sputtering film (experimental value).
- the "target composition ratio of the sputtering target” on the left that is, the composition ratio of the sputtering target to be created This is because [n Cs /n W (T)] is determined.
- ⁇ [target n Cs /n W (film) of the cesium tungsten oxide film] indicates that the cesium tungsten oxide film has high transmittance in the visible wavelength range and absorbency in the near-infrared wavelength range. Since it is necessary to set the desired range (0.3 or more and 0.36 or less) so that it can be demonstrated, (6-1)
- the upper limit of n Cs /n W (T) is obtained by substituting "0.36" for ⁇ in (the sixth equation).
- Equation 1 the following (Equation 1) related to a sputtering target that can set the above n Cs /n W (film) of the cesium tungsten oxide film within a desired range (0.3 or more and 0.36 or less) is derived. be killed. 0.09/ ⁇ (-000161 ⁇ [TS distance]+0.00559) ⁇ P+0.346 ⁇ ⁇ nCs / nW (T) ⁇ 0.13/ ⁇ (-000161 ⁇ [TS distance]+0.00559) ⁇ P+0.346 ⁇ (Formula 1)
- [TS distance] is the distance between the sputtering target and the film-forming object during sputtering film formation
- P means the pressure of the atmosphere
- n Cs of n /n W is the sputtering target.
- n W means the number of W atoms contained in the sputtering target.
- a sputtering target according to the present invention is made from a cesium source metal or compound and a tungsten source metal or compound as raw materials, and has an atomic number ratio of tungsten to cesium, n Cs /n W (T). can be produced using a cesium tungsten oxide powder having a composition ratio that satisfies the above (formula 1).
- Cesium oxides include Cs2O , Cs2O2 , CsO2 , Cs2O3 , Cs11O3 , Cs4O , and Cs7O .
- Metals, oxides, and carbides can be used as the tungsten source.
- W3O , WO2 , W20O58 , and WO3 can be used as oxides of tungsten.
- Hydrates can also be used for the cesium source and tungsten source oxides.
- an aqueous solution of ammonium metatungstate and cesium chloride are mixed so that the composition ratio satisfies the condition of the above formula (1), and the water is removed by drying at 100° C. or higher to prepare a precursor of cesium tungsten oxide.
- Cesium tungsten oxide powder can be produced by firing this precursor at a temperature of 500° C. or higher.
- the precursor can also be prepared by drying an aqueous solution of tungstic acid and cesium carbonate.
- the atmosphere for firing the precursor may be a reducing atmosphere in which argon and hydrogen are mixed, or may be air.
- the conditions for sintering the mold filled with cesium tungsten oxide powder by hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing are as follows: under vacuum or inert atmosphere, sintering temperature 700° C. or higher and lower than 1300° C., 20 MPa or higher. Hot press or hot isostatic press with pressure.
- the obtained sintered body can be ground by machining to obtain the sputtering target according to the present invention.
- the manufacturing procedure for pressure-sintered sputtering targets can be applied to both flat targets and cylindrical targets.
- a flat target is fixed to a backing plate, and a cylindrical target is fixed to a backing tube and used for sputtering film formation.
- the cylindrical target has a backing tube whose surface is roughened by blasting, and a base layer selected from nickel-aluminum alloy, nickel-chromium alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy, etc. is formed by thermal spraying. Then, cesium tungsten oxide powder is directly thermally sprayed to form a thermally sprayed film (target film) having a thickness of 5 mm to 20 mm, and then the thermally sprayed film (target film) is polished to finish it into a rotary target. is also possible.
- the sputtering target is, for example, a conductor with a specific resistance of 1 ⁇ cm or less
- a highly productive DC sputtering apparatus can be used.
- a cesium tungsten oxide film can be produced by mounting the obtained sputtering target in a sputtering film forming apparatus and performing sputtering film formation on a substrate such as a glass substrate.
- the sputtering conditions are, of course, set to the [TS distance] and the pressure P of the sputtering gas when the composition ratio n Cs /n W (T) of the sputtering target is determined.
- the pressure P of the sputtering gas is desirably 0.2 Pa or more and 0.8 Pa or less. If the pressure P is less than 0.2 Pa, less argon is ionized, resulting in a lower sputtering rate (efficiency). On the other hand, if the pressure P exceeds 0.8 Pa, plasma may not be stable during sputtering.
- the [TS distance] is preferably 60 mm or more and 140 mm or less.
- [TS distance] is about 100 mm in sputtering deposition on a large substrate.
- heat treatment is performed to obtain a glass substrate on which an infrared shielding film made of a cesium tungsten oxide film is formed.
- the heat treatment it is necessary to change the atmosphere conditions according to the ratio of oxygen gas contained in the sputtering gas, and an oxidizing atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere, or a reducing atmosphere containing a reducing gas such as hydrogen is selected.
- an oxidizing atmosphere an inert gas atmosphere, or a reducing atmosphere containing a reducing gas such as hydrogen
- the heat treatment is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the air, a mixed gas of 5 to 20% oxygen and nitrogen, or the like is selected as the oxidizing atmosphere.
- the heat treatment is performed in a reducing atmosphere such as nitrogen gas.
- sputtering apparatus an apparatus equipped with a DC magnetron sputtering cathode and a substrate holder was used in the film formation chamber.
- the distance between the sputtering target and the substrate [TS distance] was 100 mm
- an argon mixed gas containing 5% oxygen was used as the sputtering gas
- the pressure P of the sputtering gas during sputtering film formation was 0.6 Pa. was adjusted to be
- n Cs /n W (film) in the cesium tungsten oxide film is set to 0.33
- nCs / nW (T) ⁇ 2 / ⁇ (-000161 x [TS distance] + 0.00559) x P + 0.346 ⁇ (Formula 6)
- Example 1 (1) Production of Cesium Tungsten Oxide Powder 9.70 kg of cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ) was dissolved in 6.70 kg of water to obtain a cesium carbonate solution. This solution was added to 34.57 kg of tungstic acid (H 2 WO 4 ), thoroughly stirred and mixed, and then dried with stirring to obtain a dried product.
- n Cs /n W which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs contained in the dried product, is equivalent to 0.431.
- the dried product is heated while supplying 5% by volume of H 2 gas using N 2 gas as a carrier, and baked at a temperature of 800° C. for 5.5 hours. , the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and cesium tungsten oxide powder was obtained.
- the obtained cesium tungsten oxide sintered body was ground by machining to have a diameter of 4 inches and a thickness of 5 mm, and was joined to a stainless steel backing plate using a metal indium brazing material. A sputtering target was obtained.
- the deposition chamber and the substrate stocker chamber of the sputtering apparatus are evacuated to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less, 200 sccm of argon gas (sputtering gas) mixed with 5% oxygen is introduced into the deposition chamber, and After adjusting the pressure of the sputtering gas to 0.6 Pa, a cesium tungsten oxide film was formed on the quartz wafer by a reactive sputtering method.
- argon gas sputtering gas
- nCs / nW film
- the film thickness of the cesium tungsten oxide film was 400 nm.
- the cesium tungsten oxide film was annealed at 600°C for 10 minutes in a nitrogen gas reducing atmosphere to obtain an infrared shielding film made of the cesium tungsten oxide film.
- this infrared shielding film has high transparency in the visible wavelength range and absorbency in the near-infrared wavelength range. It was something.
- n Cs /n W (film), which indicates the atomic number ratio of W and Cs in the cesium tungsten oxide film formed using the sputtering target according to the present invention, has high transmittance in the visible wavelength range and near infrared wavelengths. Since it is set to the desired range (0.3 or more and 0.36 or less) that can demonstrate the absorption of the area, it is possible to use it for industrial applications such as window glass for vehicles that reduce the energy consumption of air conditioners in summer. have.
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Abstract
Description
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (式1)
セシウムタングステン酸化物膜をスパッタリング法により被成膜体に成膜する際に用いられるスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
セシウム(Cs)とタングステン(W)を含み、スパッタリング成膜時のスパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体間距離を[T-S距離]、雰囲気の圧力をPとし、かつ、スパッタリングターゲットに含まれるWの原子数をnW、Csの原子数をnCsとしたとき、
スパッタリングターゲットのWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が、上記[T-S距離]とPに対して下記(式1)を満たすことを特徴とする。
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (式1)
第1の発明に記載のスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末から製造されたセシウムタングステン酸化物焼結体で構成されることを特徴とし、
第3の発明は、
第1の発明に記載のスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末の溶射膜で構成されることを特徴とし、
第4の発明は、
第2の発明または第3の発明に記載のスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
上記セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末が、セシウム源の金属若しくは化合物とタングステン源の金属若しくは化合物を原料とすることを特徴とし、
第5の発明は、
第4の発明に記載のスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
上記セシウム源の化合物が、酸化物、炭酸塩または塩化物で構成されることを特徴とし、
第6の発明は、
第4の発明に記載のスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
上記タングステン源の化合物が、酸化物または炭化物で構成されることを特徴とする。
第1の発明~第6の発明のいずれかに記載のスパッタリングターゲットを用いてセシウムタングステン酸化物膜を被成膜体に成膜する方法において、
スパッタリング成膜時におけるスパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体間の距離[T-S距離]が60mm以上140mm以下であることを特徴とし、
第8の発明は、
第7の発明に記載のセシウムタングステン酸化物膜の成膜方法において、
スパッタリング成膜時における雰囲気の圧力Pが0.2Pa以上0.8Pa以下であることを特徴とする。
CsとWを含み、WとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が、スパッタリング成膜時における[T-S距離]と雰囲気の圧力Pに対し下記(式1)を満たすため、
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (式1)
このスパッタリングターゲットを用いて成膜されるセシウムタングステン酸化物膜のWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(膜)が、可視波長域の高い透過性と近赤外波長域の吸収性を発揮できる所望範囲(0.3以上0.36以下)に設定される。
一般式MxWyOz(Mは、アルカリ金属等のうちから選択される1種類以上の元素、Wはタングステン、Oは酸素、0.001≦x/y≦1、2.2≦z/y≦3.0)で示される複合タングステン酸化物の1種である本発明に係るセシウムタングステン酸化物膜は、セシウム(Cs)とタングステン(W)と酸素(O)を含む。
Cs0.33WO3微粒子粉末を焼結して作製したスパッタリングターゲット[すなわち、WとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が0.33]を用い、本発明者が、繰り返しスパッタリングの試験を行ったところ、スパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体となるガラス基板との距離[T-S距離]、および、スパッタリングガスの圧力P条件により、成膜されるセシウムタングステン酸化物膜のWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(膜)が0.33よりも著しく小さくなることが確認された。
スパッタリングによる成膜は、スパッタリングガスのイオンがスパッタリングターゲットに衝突し、その衝突によりターゲット表面の原子がはじき出され、はじき出された原子が被成膜体(例えばガラス基板)に到達してなされるものである。
スパッタリングによる成膜は、被成膜体に成膜されるスパッタリング膜を最適にするため、成膜時における雰囲気の圧力、および、スパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体との距離[T-S距離]を調整することがある。この結果、スパッタリング膜(セシウムタングステン酸化物膜)のWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(膜)が0.33近傍よりも低い値になることがあり、スパッタリング膜(セシウムタングステン酸化物膜)の特性である可視波長域における高い透過性と近赤外波長域における吸収性が低下してしまうことがある。この場合、セシウムタングステン酸化物膜の上記nCs/nW(膜)を0.33近傍値とするため、スパッタリングターゲットに含まれるセシウムを多くすればよいが、セシウムを多く加える量[すなわち、スパッタリングターゲットに含まれるタングステンの原子数をnW、セシウムの原子数をnCsとしたとき、タングステンとセシウムの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)]を明確に定める必要がある。
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (式1)
(1)図2のグラフ図は、Cs0.33WO3微粒子粉末を焼結して作製したスパッタリングターゲット[WとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が0.33]を用い、スパッタリング成膜時における[T-S距離]条件およびスパッタリングガスの圧力P条件を変えながらスパッタリング成膜されたセシウムタングステン酸化物膜(スパッタリング膜)のWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(膜)と、[T-S距離]およびスパッタリングガスの圧力P(Pa)との関係を示す。尚、上記[T-S距離]条件については66mm、100mm、134mmとし、圧力P条件については0.2(Pa)、0.6(Pa)、0.8(Pa)としている。
nCs/nW(膜)=aP+0.346 (第一式)
nCs/nW(膜)=-0.0981P+0.346 (第一式の1)
重相関係数 0.995、傾き(a)=-0.0981
同様に、[T-S距離]が100mmの直線を最小二乗法で算出すると、
nCs/nW(膜)=-0.1596P+0.346 (第一式の2)
重相関係数 0.999、傾き(a)=-0.1596
[T-S距離]が134mmの直線を最小二乗法で算出すると、
nCs/nW(膜)=-0.2073P+0.346 (第一式の3)
重相関係数 0.994、傾き(a)=-0.2073
となる。
a=-000161[T-S距離]+0.00559 (第二式)
nCs/nW(膜)=
(-000161[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346 (第三式)
[nCs/nW(T)]/α=α/[nCs/nW(膜)] (第四式)
nCs/nW(T)=α2/[nCs/nW(膜)] (第五式)
nCs/nW(T)=
α2/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (第六式)
(6-1)(第六式)のαに「0.3」を代入してnCs/nW(T)の下限値が求められ、
nCs/nW(T)=(0.3)2/[(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346]
=0.09/[(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346]
(6-2)(第六式)のαに「0.36」を代入してnCs/nW(T)の上限値が求められる。
nCs/nW(T)=(0.36)2/[(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346]
=0.13/[(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346]
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (式1)
本発明に係るスパッタリングターゲットは、セシウム源の金属若しくは化合物とタングステン源の金属若しくは化合物を原料とし、かつ、タングステンとセシウムの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が上記(式1)の条件を満たす組成比に設定されたセシウムタングステン酸化物粉末を用いて製造することができる。
上記(式1)の条件を満たす組成比となるようにセシウム源とタングステン源を混合し、加熱焼成してセシウムタングステン酸化物粉末を製造する。
上記セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末をモールド型に充填し、かつ、スパッタリングターゲットの形状に成型した後、ホットプレス法若しくは熱間静圧プレス法により焼結することで焼結体を得ることができる。
得られたスパッタリングターゲットをスパッタリング成膜装置に装着し、被成膜体となるガラス基板等にスパッタリング成膜することによりセシウムタングステン酸化物膜を製造することができる。
nCs/nW(T)=
α2/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346} (第六式)
(1)セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末の製造
水6.70kgに、炭酸セシウム(Cs2CO3)9.70kgを溶解して炭酸セシウムの溶液を得た。この溶液を、タングステン酸(H2WO4)34.57kgに添加し、十分撹拌混合した後、撹拌しながら乾燥して乾燥物を得た。尚、乾燥物に含まれるWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nWは0.431相当である。
得られたセシウムタングステン酸化物粉末をホットプレス装置に投入し、真空雰囲気下、温度950℃、押し圧25MPaの条件で焼結し、セシウムタングステン酸化物焼結体を作製した。作製した焼結体の組成を化学分析した結果、焼結体に含まれるWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nWは0.43であった。
被成膜体として4インチの石英ウェハを用い、近赤外線ヒータにより上記石英ウェハを300℃に加熱した。
得られた赤外線遮蔽膜の透過率を分光光度計(日立製、型番V-670)で測定したところ、図5のグラフ図に示す分光光学特性が得られた。
2 元素M
Claims (8)
- セシウムタングステン酸化物膜をスパッタリング法により被成膜体に成膜する際に用いられるスパッタリングターゲットにおいて、
セシウム(Cs)とタングステン(W)を含み、スパッタリング成膜時のスパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体間距離を[T-S距離]、雰囲気の圧力をPとし、かつ、スパッタリングターゲットに含まれるWの原子数をnW、Csの原子数をnCsとしたとき、
スパッタリングターゲットのWとCsの原子数の比を示すnCs/nW(T)が、上記[T-S距離]とPに対して下記(式1)を満たすことを特徴とする。
0.09/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
≦nCs/nW(T)≦
0.13/{(-000161×[T-S距離]+0.00559)×P+0.346}
(式1) - セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末から製造されたセシウムタングステン酸化物焼結体で構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末の溶射膜で構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- 上記セシウムタングステン酸化物粉末が、セシウム源の金属若しくは化合物とタングステン源の金属若しくは化合物を原料とすることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- 上記セシウム源の化合物が、酸化物、炭酸塩または塩化物で構成されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- 上記タングステン源の化合物が、酸化物または炭化物で構成されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のスパッタリングターゲットを用いてセシウムタングステン酸化物膜を被成膜体に成膜する方法において、
スパッタリング成膜時におけるスパッタリングターゲットと被成膜体間の距離[T-S距離]が60mm以上140mm以下であることを特徴とするセシウムタングステン酸化物膜の成膜方法。 - スパッタリング成膜時における雰囲気の圧力Pが0.2Pa以上0.8Pa以下であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のセシウムタングステン酸化物膜の成膜方法。
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