Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

WO2022033211A1 - 偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备 - Google Patents

偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022033211A1
WO2022033211A1 PCT/CN2021/103014 CN2021103014W WO2022033211A1 WO 2022033211 A1 WO2022033211 A1 WO 2022033211A1 CN 2021103014 W CN2021103014 W CN 2021103014W WO 2022033211 A1 WO2022033211 A1 WO 2022033211A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
state
polarization
crystal cell
polarizer array
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/103014
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮望超
李瑞华
王庆平
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21855264.4A priority Critical patent/EP4187316A4/en
Publication of WO2022033211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022033211A1/zh
Priority to US18/167,142 priority patent/US20230185125A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133538—Polarisers with spatial distribution of the polarisation direction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133541—Circular polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/667—Camera operation mode switching, e.g. between still and video, sport and normal or high- and low-resolution modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/75—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing optical camera components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0136—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  for the control of polarisation, e.g. state of polarisation [SOP] control, polarisation scrambling, TE-TM mode conversion or separation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of polarizers, and in particular, to polarizers and arrays, polarization controllable methods and devices, and electronic equipment.
  • the polarization characteristic of light is a property determined by its transverse wave characteristic.
  • phenomena such as reflection, refraction, and diffraction occur.
  • the polarization properties of light change.
  • natural light will generate polarized light after being reflected by the surface of an object. This change is related to the physical and chemical properties of the target itself, and polarized light can reflect the polarization characteristics of the target.
  • Polarized light has a wide range of applications. For example, photography, 3D movies, object detection, object measurement, etc.
  • the current method for generating polarized light please refer to Figure 1.
  • a linear polarizer is placed on each pixel on the camera detector, and the polarization directions between adjacent pixels are different.
  • Each polarizer corresponds to a pixel one-to-one.
  • the polarizer array is embedded between the pixel array and the microlens array, and then polarized light in different directions is collected by a polarization detector.
  • each polarizer and pixel must be in one-to-one correspondence, and embedded between the pixel array and the microlens array, which loses image resolution, and requires a customized polarization detector to collect polarized light in different directions. higher cost.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a polarizer, a polarizer array, a polarization controllable method and device, and an electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a polarizer, the polarizer includes multiple polarization units arranged in the same plane, and each polarization unit in the multiple polarization units includes a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell arranged in layers.
  • Liquid crystal cells for example, incident light may pass through one liquid crystal cell (eg, a first liquid crystal cell) and then another liquid crystal cell (eg, a second liquid crystal cell); wherein the first liquid crystal cell includes a first liquid crystal layer and a first alignment film, the first alignment film is used for orienting the first liquid crystal layer, the first alignment film is connected with a first electrode layer for applying an external voltage to the first liquid crystal layer; the second liquid crystal cell includes a second liquid crystal layer and a second alignment film , the second alignment film is used to orient the second liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment film is connected with a second electrode layer for applying an external voltage to the second liquid crystal layer; both the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer include a layer for absorbing light waves
  • the orientation of the first alignment film and the orientation of the second alignment film are at different plane angles, and the different plane angles are used when the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell are not applied with external voltage.
  • the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit can be controlled “on” or “off” respectively, when the first liquid crystal cell or the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit applies an external voltage ( In the conduction state), the outgoing light of each polarization unit is polarized light in one polarization direction, the polarizer includes multiple polarization units, and the orientations of the first alignment films in each polarization unit are different from each other, so that the polarization
  • the outgoing light of the device can be polarized light in multiple polarization directions, the polarized light carries polarization information, and the polarization information is used for polarization imaging.
  • the polarizer in this example has a wide range of application scenarios and can be applied to optical lenses of various electronic devices. It can be directly placed in front of the optical lens, and polarized light is generated by the polarizer, which will not affect the resolution of the optical lens, and the production cost is low. .
  • the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit in the polarizer when no external voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit in the polarizer, it can also play the role of light attenuation, that is, the orientation of the first alignment film in the same polarization unit and the The orientation of the second alignment film is close to vertical, and the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are in a high absorption state, so that the light transmittance through the polarizer is lower than the first threshold, and the polarizer is almost opaque Light acts as shading.
  • the polarizer When an external voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit in the polarizer, the light transmittance of the polarizer is higher than the second threshold, and the polarizer plays the role of light transmission.
  • the polarizer can not only obtain polarized light in different directions, but also realize light attenuation, and can integrate different functions on one device, which can greatly save costs and has a wide range of application scenarios.
  • the light absorption wavelength range of the dye molecule is: [250nm, 1200nm].
  • the dye molecules absorb infrared light and visible light, so that when no external voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell, after the incident light passes through the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell, the light energy of the outgoing light is almost If it is 0, the polarizer can play a good shading effect.
  • the value range of the included angle of different planes is: [70°, 90°].
  • the angle between the different planes is close to 90°, and the orientation of the first alignment film and the orientation of the second alignment film are close to orthogonal.
  • the plurality of polarizing units include a first polarizing unit and a second polarizing unit; wherein, the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit and the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit There is a first angle between the orientations, the first angle being 90 degrees.
  • the polarizer includes two polarizing units. When the first polarizing unit and the second polarizing unit are in a half-open state (one of the two liquid crystal cells in one polarizing unit applies an external voltage, the other liquid crystal cell does not apply an external voltage).
  • one polarization unit is used to obtain polarized light in one polarization direction
  • the polarizer includes two polarization units, that is, two polarization directions can be obtained, which simplifies the alignment film orientation of the polarization units in the polarizer array ( It is sufficient to arrange the first alignment films with two orientations in the polarizer array).
  • the uniformity of the distribution direction of the liquid crystal in the power-off state (the state where no voltage is applied) is improved, so that the polarization imaging effect using the polarized light in the two orthogonal directions is better.
  • the multiple polarizing units include a first polarizing unit, a second polarizing unit, and a third polarizing unit; wherein, the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit is the same as that of the second polarizing unit.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film forms a first angle
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit and the orientation of the first alignment film in the third polarizing unit form a second angle
  • the first angle and the second angle The angles are both clockwise angles or both counterclockwise angles.
  • the polarizer includes three polarizing units.
  • the first polarizing unit, the second polarizing unit and the third polarizing unit are all in a half-open state (one of the two liquid crystal cells in one polarizing unit applies an external voltage to one liquid crystal cell) , when the other liquid crystal cell is not applied with external voltage), one polarizing unit is used to obtain polarized light in one polarization direction, that is, polarized light in three polarization directions can be obtained.
  • the polarizer array includes 3 kinds of polarizing units. Polarized light in 3 directions is obtained. Since polarized light in 3 directions is obtained, when polarized light is used for polarized imaging, the application scenarios are relatively increased.
  • the value ranges of the first angle and the second angle are both: [30°, 80°].
  • the polarizer when it includes 3 polarization units, it can obtain polarized light in 3 polarization directions, and the polarized light in the 3 polarization directions can be used for polarization imaging.
  • the values of the first angle and the second angle are The range is: [30°, 80°], the three polarization directions are moderately spaced, for example, the three polarization directions are 0°, 60°, and 120°, respectively, and the polarization information of different polarization directions can be obtained.
  • the polarization information of the direction can be more polarization imaging scene.
  • the plurality of polarizing units include a first polarizing unit, a second polarizing unit, a third polarizing unit and a fourth polarizing unit; wherein the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit is the same as that of the first polarizing unit.
  • the polarizer array includes four kinds of polarization units, and polarized light in four polarization directions can be obtained through the polarizer array, and the polarization imaging has a wide range of application scenarios.
  • the value ranges of the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle are all: [30°, 60°].
  • the polarizer when it includes 3 polarization units, it can obtain polarized light in 3 polarization directions, and the polarized light in the 3 polarization directions can be used for polarization imaging.
  • the values of the first angle and the second angle are The range is: [30°, 60°], for example, the four polarization directions are 0°, 45°, 90°, and 120°, respectively, and the four polarization directions are spaced at a moderate angle, and the polarization information of different polarization directions can be obtained.
  • the polarization information of the 4 polarization directions can be used for more polarization imaging scenarios.
  • a quarter wave plate is provided on the first surface of any polarizing unit among the various polarizing units, and the light is transmitted from the second polarizing unit of the polarizing unit.
  • Surface incidence, the first surface and the second surface are opposite surfaces.
  • a quarter-wave plate can be added to increase the circular polarization state of the outgoing light passing through the polarizer, thereby increasing the application scenarios of polarization imaging.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a polarizer array, which includes a plurality of polarizers according to any one of the above-mentioned first aspect arranged on the same plane.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a polarization controllable method, which is applied to a polarization controllable device.
  • the device may be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, or a tablet computer, and the device includes an optical lens, a power source, and an electronic device.
  • the polarizer array of the above-mentioned second aspect the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarizing unit in the polarizer array are connected to the power supply through a switch, and the polarizer array and the optical lens are sequentially along the incident direction of the light.
  • the method includes: the device controls the state of the polarizer array by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarizing unit; wherein, the polarizer array
  • the states include a first state.
  • the polarizer array is used to polarize the light incident on the optical lens to obtain polarized lights in multiple different directions.
  • a polarizer array is arranged in front of the optical lens (in the light incident direction), and by controlling different states of the polarizer array, the polarizer array can be switched between different states such as shading, transmitting light, and obtaining polarized light, etc. quick response.
  • the polarizing unit in the polarizer adopts a liquid crystal cell structure arranged in layers, which has stable performance and long service life, and the cost is relatively low.
  • the state of the polarizer array is controlled by controlling the on-off state of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit, including: when the polarization imaging is turned on During the function, the various polarization units in the polarizer array are controlled to be in a semi-open state, so that the polarizer array is in the first state; wherein, the outgoing light of one polarization unit is polarized light, the polarized light is in one direction, and the polarized light is in one direction. The unit is used to obtain polarized light in multiple polarization directions.
  • the state of the polarizer array is controlled by individually driving the "on” or “off” states of the first and second liquid crystal cells in each polarization unit, when there is one in each polarization unit.
  • the polarizer array is used to obtain polarized light in multiple polarization directions, and the polarized light carries polarization information, which is used for polarization imaging, application scenarios Wide range and low cost of production.
  • the method may further include: receiving a first operation input by a user, where the first operation is used to trigger the polarization controllable device to enable the polarization imaging function.
  • the polarization imaging function is turned on through the user's operation, so as to control the polarizer array to be in the first state
  • the apparatus controls the state of the polarizer array by receiving the user's first operation, and provides a controllable polarizer array
  • the state of the trigger mode can control the state of the polarizer array according to the user's needs.
  • the method may further include: the device collects a preview image, extracts an image feature of the preview image, and then enables a polarization imaging function according to the image feature.
  • the device can automatically control the state of the polarizer array according to the image features of the preview image. For example, if the contour features of the object in the current preview image are blurred, the device determines that defogging is required, and the device automatically enables the polarization imaging function without the need for User participation saves the user's operation steps and improves the user experience.
  • the method may further include: when the polarizer array is in the first state, collecting image information of multiple polarization directions of the target object; and generating a polarization image according to the image information of the multiple polarization directions.
  • the device when the polarizer array is in the first state, the device selects different algorithms according to different application scenarios by obtaining polarization images in multiple polarization directions, and can perform polarization imaging with different effects, and the application scenarios are wide.
  • controlling the state of the polarizer array by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit may include: controlling each polarization The electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of the unit are both disconnected, so that the polarizer array is in the second state; when the polarizer array is in the second state, the light of the polarizer array is transmitted through When the rate is lower than the first threshold, the polarizer array achieves the effect of shading.
  • the device realizes different functions of the polarizer array by controlling the state of the polarizer array.
  • the polarizer array when the polarizer array is in the second state, the polarizer array has the function of light attenuation, which can be applied to Different application scenarios, for example, to realize the function of hiding the camera, etc., so that the function of obtaining polarized light with different polarization directions and the function of light attenuation can be realized on one device.
  • the function of one device is integrated, which greatly saves cost.
  • controlling the state of the polarizer array by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit may include: controlling each polarization
  • the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of the unit are in a conductive state with the power supply, so that the polarizer array is in the third state.
  • the polarizer array is in the third state, the light of the polarizer array is transparent.
  • the pass rate is higher than the second threshold, the polarizer array achieves the effect of light transmission.
  • the device realizes different functions of the polarizer array by controlling the state of the polarizer array.
  • the polarizer array when the polarizer array is in the third state, the polarizer array achieves the effect of light transmission.
  • This function can be applied to Different application scenarios, for example, from the shading state to the light-transmitting state, the effect of switching from the hidden camera to the exposed camera can be realized, so that the switching of different effects can be realized on one device, the application scenarios are wide, and the functions of one device are integrated. , great cost savings.
  • the electronic device includes a camera, and the camera includes an optical lens
  • the method further includes: the apparatus receives a second operation input by the user, the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera; and then, according to the second operation, controlling The polarizer array is in a third state.
  • the switching state of the polarizer array can be controlled according to the user's operation, and the state of the polarizer array can be controlled according to the user's requirement.
  • controlling the state of the polarizer array by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit may include: controlling the polarizer array
  • the electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cells and the second liquid crystal cells of all the polarizing units in the first area are in the conductive state, and the first liquid crystal cells and the second liquid crystal cells of all the polarizing units in the second area of the polarizer array are controlled.
  • the electrode layers and the power supply of the two liquid crystal cells are both disconnected, so that the polarizer array is in the fourth state.
  • the light transmittance of the second region is lower than the first threshold, and the first The light transmittance of the area is higher than the second threshold.
  • the light-shielding area and light-transmitting area of the polarizer array can be controlled in sub-areas.
  • the polarizer array is equivalent to an encoding mask and can be used for aperture encoding imaging. Compared with the traditional encoding mask, this example The polarizer array in can control the shading and light transmission of different areas by controlling the applied voltage state of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit, and can flexibly control the shading area and light transmission according to the required scene. area.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a polarization control device, the polarization control device includes an optical lens, a power supply, and the polarizer array of the second aspect, the first liquid crystal cell and the first liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit in the polarizer array.
  • the respective electrode layers of the two liquid crystal cells are connected to the power supply through switches, and the polarizer array and the optical lens are arranged in sequence along the incident direction of the light;
  • the polarization control device further includes a control module; wherein, the control module is used to control each polarization unit by controlling the The on-off states of the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell and the power supply control the state of the polarizer array; wherein, the state includes the first state, and when the polarizer array is in the first state, the polarizer array uses For polarizing the light incident on the optical lens, a plurality of polarized lights in different directions are obtained.
  • a polarizer array is arranged in front of the optical lens (in the light incident direction), and by controlling different states of the polarizer array, the polarizer array can be switched between different states such as shading, transmitting light, and obtaining polarized light, etc. quick response.
  • the polarizing unit in the polarizer adopts a liquid crystal cell structure arranged in layers, which has stable performance and long service life, and the cost is relatively low.
  • control module is further configured to: control a plurality of polarization units in the polarizer array to be in a half-open state, so that the polarizer array is in a first state; wherein the outgoing light of one polarization unit is Polarized light, polarized light is in one direction, and various polarization units are used to obtain polarized light in multiple polarization directions.
  • the state of the polarizer array is controlled by individually driving the "on" or "off" states of the first and second liquid crystal cells in each polarization unit, when there is one in each polarization unit.
  • the polarizer array is used to obtain polarized light in multiple polarization directions, and the polarized light carries polarization information, which is used for polarization imaging, application scenarios Wide range and low cost of production.
  • the polarization control apparatus further includes a receiving module; the receiving module is configured to receive a first operation input by a user, where the first operation is used to trigger the polarization control apparatus to enable the polarization imaging function.
  • the polarization imaging function is turned on through the user's operation, so as to control the polarizer array to be in the first state, the apparatus controls the state of the polarizer array by receiving the user's first operation, and provides a controllable polarizer array
  • the state of the trigger mode can control the state of the polarizer array according to the user's needs.
  • the polarization control device further includes an image acquisition module and a processing module; the image acquisition module is used to acquire a preview image; the processing module is used to extract the image features of the preview image acquired by the image acquisition module; Feature Turns on the polarized imaging function.
  • the device can automatically control the state of the polarizer array according to the image features of the preview image. For example, if the contour features of the object in the current preview image are blurred, the device determines that defogging is required, and the device automatically enables the polarization imaging function without the need for User participation saves the user's operation steps and improves the user experience.
  • the polarization control device further includes an image acquisition module and a processing module;
  • the image acquisition module is further configured to collect image information of multiple polarization directions of the target object when the polarizer array is in the first state; the processing module is further configured to generate polarization according to the image information of the multiple polarization directions collected by the image acquisition module image.
  • the device selects different algorithms according to different application scenarios by obtaining polarization images in multiple polarization directions, and can perform polarization imaging with different effects, and the application scenarios are wide.
  • control module is further configured to control the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit to be disconnected, so that the polarizer array is in the second state; when the polarizer array is in the second state, the light transmittance of the polarizer array is lower than the first threshold, and the polarizer array achieves the effect of shading.
  • the device realizes different functions of the polarizer array by controlling the state of the polarizer array.
  • the polarizer array when the polarizer array is controlled to be in the second state, the polarizer array has the function of light attenuation, and this function can be applied To different application scenarios, for example, to realize the function of hiding the camera, etc., so that the function of obtaining polarized light of different polarization directions and the function of light attenuation can be realized on one device. cut costs.
  • control module is further configured to control the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit to be in a conductive state with the power supply, so that the polarizer array is in the first Three states; when the polarizer array is in the third state, the light transmittance of the polarizer array is higher than the second threshold, and the polarizer array achieves the effect of light transmission.
  • the device realizes different functions of the polarizer array by controlling the state of the polarizer array. For example, when the polarizer array is in the third state, the polarizer array achieves the effect of light transmission.
  • This function can be applied to Different application scenarios, for example, switching from the shading state to the light-transmitting state to achieve the effect of switching from a hidden camera to an exposed camera, so that the switching of different effects can be achieved on one device, the application scenarios are wide, and the functions of one device are integrated. , great cost savings.
  • the polarization control device includes a camera, the camera includes an optical lens, and the polarization control device further includes a receiving module; the receiving module is used to receive a second operation input by a user, and the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera; The control module is further configured to control the polarizer array to be in a third state according to the second operation received by the receiving module.
  • the switching state of the polarizer array can be controlled according to the user's operation, and the state of the polarizer array can be controlled according to the user's requirement.
  • control module is further configured to control the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all polarizing units in the first region of the polarizer array to be in a conducting state, and control the The electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cells and the second liquid crystal cells of all polarizing units in the second area of the polarizer array are all disconnected, so that the polarizer array is in the fourth state, when the polarizer array is in the fourth state. In the state, the light transmittance of the second region is lower than the first threshold, and the light transmittance of the first region is higher than the second threshold.
  • the light-shielding area and light-transmitting area of the polarizer array can be controlled in sub-areas.
  • the polarizer array is equivalent to an encoding mask and can be used for aperture encoding imaging. Compared with the traditional encoding mask, this example The polarizer array in can control the shading and light transmission of different areas by controlling the applied voltage state of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit, and can flexibly control the shading area and light transmission according to the required scene. area.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a processor and the polarizer array of the second aspect connected to the processor; the processor is coupled to at least one memory, and the processor is configured to read data from the at least one memory.
  • the stored computer program causes the electronic device to perform the method according to any one of the above third aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a driver, a main control chip connected to the driver, and the polarizer array as described in the second aspect; the driver is used to receive a control signal of the main control chip, and according to The control signal controls the state of the polarizer array; the main control chip is used to make the electronic device execute the method of any one of the third aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable medium, where the computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any one of the methods in the third aspect above. .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, including a processor and a communication interface, where the processor is configured to read an instruction to execute the method of the third aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizing device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarizer including two polarizing units in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of an off state of a polarization unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram of an open state of a polarization unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are exemplary diagrams of the half-open state of the polarization unit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a polarizer including four polarizing units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a polarizer including three polarization units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a linear polarization state and a circular polarization state in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10A is a schematic diagram of a polarizer array including four polarizing units in an embodiment of the present application;
  • 10B is a schematic diagram of a polarizer array including two polarization units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10C is a schematic diagram of a polarizer array including three polarization units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of an electronic device in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of steps of an example of a polarization controllable method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the polarizer array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the polarizer array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an example of the operation of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of polarization imaging in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of polarization imaging in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of polarization imaging in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the polarizer array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the polarizer array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the polarizer array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of another example of an apparatus in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the polarizer includes a plurality of polarizing units arranged in the same plane.
  • the polarizer may include 2, 3 or 4 polarizing elements, etc.
  • Each polarizing unit includes a stacked liquid crystal cell including a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell, each of which includes a double-layered alignment film for aligning the liquid crystal layer.
  • An electrode is connected to each of the double-layered alignment films. That is to say, each liquid crystal cell has an independent electrode, and the electrodes of the two liquid crystal cells of the same polarizing unit can be independently "on" or "off” control.
  • the alignment film orientation of the first liquid crystal cell and the alignment film orientation of the second liquid crystal cell are close to vertical.
  • the alignment films of the first liquid crystal cells of each of the plurality of polarizing units are different from each other.
  • the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit can be independently controlled to be "on” or “off", and a plurality of polarized lights in different directions can be obtained through the polarizer.
  • Carry polarization information which can be used for polarization imaging.
  • the polarizer in the embodiment of the present application has a wide range of application scenarios, and can be applied to optical lenses of various electronic devices. It is directly arranged in front of the optical lens, and polarized light is generated by the polarizer, which will not affect the resolution of the optical lens and the production cost. lower.
  • Polarization state the electric field vector of the light wave will draw an ellipse during a period of vibration, and this ellipse represents the polarization state of the light wave.
  • the ellipse degenerates into a straight line segment , called linear polarization
  • the ellipse degenerates into a circle, which is called circular polarization.
  • the polarized light obtained by the polarizer in the present application may include linearly polarized light in different directions.
  • Nematic liquid crystal also known as N-phase liquid crystal, it is composed of rod-like molecules with large geometric length and width, arranged in a one-dimensional order into a layered structure, and maintained between molecules in the direction of the long axis of the molecule. almost parallel.
  • Smectic liquid crystal The regularity of the smectic structure is the closest to the crystal phase.
  • the rod-like molecules are arranged in parallel in a layered structure, the molecular axis is perpendicular to the layer, and the rod-like molecules can only move within the layer.
  • Dichroic Dyes Dichroism means that the degree of absorption of light by a substance depends on the polarization state of the incident light. Dichroic dyes have linear dichroism. When the electric vector of the light wave is perpendicular to the optical axis of the dye, the light basically passes through. When the electric vector of the light wave is parallel to the optical axis of the dye, the light is basically absorbed. Dyes are called positive dichroic dyes, and vice versa are called negative dichroic dyes. The dyes mentioned in the examples of this application are dichroic dyes. The dichroic dyes are positive dichroic dyes or negative dichroic dyes are not limited. The dichroic dyes involved in this embodiment are not limited. The chromatic dye can be described by taking a positive dichroic dye as an example.
  • Guest-host effect Dissolving dichroic dyes (called guests) in specific liquid crystals (called hosts), such as dissolving dichroic dyes in liquid crystals (such as nematic liquid crystals) or smectic liquid crystal).
  • hosts such as dissolving dichroic dyes in liquid crystals (such as nematic liquid crystals) or smectic liquid crystal).
  • the long axes of the elongated dye molecules will be aligned parallel to the direction of the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are deflected with an electric field, the same deflection occurs for the dye molecules. Since the long and short axes of dichroic dye molecules absorb light waves anisotropically, the amount of light absorbed by the dye can be controlled by an electric field, thereby changing the color of the guest-host liquid crystal. This electro-optic effect is called guest-host. effect.
  • Alignment film Two layers of substrates are needed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer to fix the liquid crystal layer.
  • the side that contacts the liquid crystal is coated with a layer of film material, and the surface of the film material has many
  • the film material with the groove structure is an alignment film.
  • the alignment film provides interface conditions for the uniform arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, and the grooves of the alignment film are used for the alignment of liquid crystals in a predetermined direction.
  • the predetermined direction is the orientation of the alignment film.
  • Out-of-plane angle The angle formed by out-of-plane straight lines.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film of the first liquid crystal cell and the orientation of the second alignment film of the second liquid crystal cell are at different angles, which means: the first liquid crystal cell and the second The liquid crystal cells are stacked. Therefore, the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell are opposite to each other.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film can be equivalent to a straight line
  • the orientation of the second alignment film can be equivalent to another straight line.
  • the different-plane included angle can be understood as the included angle between the two different-plane straight lines.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a polarizer, and the polarizer includes multiple polarizing units arranged in the same plane.
  • the number of the polarizing units may be 2, 3 or 4, etc., which is not specifically limited.
  • the structure of each polarization unit in the multiple polarization units is the same, and the polarization directions of the multiple polarization units are different.
  • the polarizer can be described by taking as an example that the polarizer includes two types of polarizing units.
  • the two types of polarization units include a first polarization unit 201 and a second polarization unit 202.
  • the two types of polarization units have the same structure, and the structure of one of the polarization units 201 will be described below first.
  • the structure of the second polarizing unit 202 is understood with reference to the structure of the first polarizing unit 201 .
  • the first polarizing unit 201 includes a first liquid crystal cell 301 and a second liquid crystal cell 302 which are arranged in layers.
  • Each liquid crystal cell includes a substrate and an alignment film, the substrate is used for fixing the alignment film, and the alignment film is used for orienting the liquid crystal layer.
  • the substrate further includes a base and an electrode layer (the electrode layer may be a transparent electrode layer), and an electrode layer is arranged between the base and the alignment film.
  • the substrate in the first liquid crystal cell 301 is called the first substrate 3011
  • the alignment film in the first liquid crystal cell 301 is called the first alignment film 3012 .
  • the substrate in the second liquid crystal cell 302 is referred to as the second substrate 3021
  • the alignment film in the second liquid crystal cell 302 is referred to as the second alignment film 3022 .
  • the side length of one polarizing unit may be 0.1mm-10mm.
  • the stacking in the above means that the first liquid crystal cell 301 and the second liquid crystal cell 302 are on different planes, and the first liquid crystal cell 301 and the second liquid crystal cell 302 are arranged in parallel. There is an interval between the first liquid crystal cell 301 and the second liquid crystal cell 302 .
  • the light can first pass through one liquid crystal cell (such as the first liquid crystal cell 301), and then pass through another liquid crystal cell (such as the second liquid crystal cell 302).
  • the stacking can be either "up and down” or "left and right", “up and down” and “left and right” are relative concepts, and whether two liquid crystal cells are stacked "up and down” or "left and right” can depend on the placement of the polarizer direction.
  • the stacking in the embodiments of the present application may be referred to as “up and down” stacking, and may also be referred to as “left and right” stacking.
  • the "two-layer" components referred to below may also be distinguished by “up and down", or by "left and right”.
  • the first liquid crystal cell 301 is a left liquid crystal cell (or an upper liquid crystal cell)
  • the second liquid crystal cell is a right liquid crystal cell (or a lower liquid crystal cell).
  • the positions of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell are not limited.
  • the first liquid crystal cell 301 is a left liquid crystal cell
  • the second liquid crystal cell 302 is a right liquid crystal cell.
  • the first liquid crystal cell 301 can also be a right liquid crystal cell
  • the second liquid crystal cell 302 can also be a left liquid crystal cell.
  • the first liquid crystal cell 301 is a left liquid crystal cell
  • the second liquid crystal cell 302 is a right liquid crystal cell as an example for description.
  • the structure of the first liquid crystal cell 301 will be described.
  • the first substrate 3011 is a double-layered substrate, and the first substrate 3011 includes a left substrate and a right substrate.
  • the first alignment film 3012 is a double-layered alignment film, and the first alignment film 3012 includes a left alignment film and a right alignment film.
  • the left substrate is coated with a left alignment film
  • the right substrate is coated with a right alignment film
  • a first liquid crystal layer 3013 (such as nematic liquid crystal molecules or smectic crystals) is in the middle of the double-layered alignment films (left alignment film and right alignment film). type liquid crystal composition).
  • the first liquid crystal layer is dissolved with first dye molecules 3014 for absorbing light waves, and the alignment of the left alignment film and the alignment of the right alignment film are parallel.
  • the first substrate 3011 includes a first base 30111 and a first electrode layer 30112 .
  • the first alignment film 3012 is connected to the first electrode layer 30112 for applying an external voltage to the first liquid crystal layer 3013 .
  • the left substrate includes a left base and a left transparent electrode layer, and a left transparent electrode layer (eg, a positive electrode) is disposed between the left base and the left alignment film.
  • a right transparent electrode layer (such as a negative electrode) is arranged between the right substrate and the right alignment film, and the left transparent electrode layer and the right transparent electrode layer constitute the first electrode layer 30112 .
  • the substrate is rigid or flexible glass or high molecular polymer.
  • the left transparent electrode layer and the right transparent electrode layer can be connected to a power source through a switch, so that an external electric field can be applied to the first liquid crystal layer 3013 in the middle of the double-layer alignment film, so that the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed.
  • each liquid crystal cell can be driven independently, and the two liquid crystal cells can also be driven synchronously.
  • the structure of the second liquid crystal cell 302 is the same as that of the first liquid crystal cell 301 , and the structure of the second liquid crystal cell 302 can be understood by referring to the structure of the first liquid crystal cell 301 above.
  • the second liquid crystal cell 302 includes a second substrate 3021 and a second alignment film 3022 for aligning the second liquid crystal layer.
  • the second substrate 3021 includes a second base 30211 and a second electrode layer 30212 .
  • the second alignment film 3022 is connected with a second electrode layer 30212 for applying an external voltage to the second liquid crystal layer 3023 .
  • the second liquid crystal layer 3023 is dissolved with second dye molecules 3024 for absorbing light waves.
  • the dye molecules (the first dye molecule and the second dye molecule) have a high absorption effect on electromagnetic waves in a certain band.
  • the absorption band of the dye molecule is in the range of 250-1200 nm
  • the absorption band is in the range of 250-1200 nm
  • the dye molecule is used for absorbing infrared light and visible light.
  • the absorption band is in the range of 380-780 nm, and the dye molecules are used to absorb visible light.
  • dye molecules with different absorption bands can be selected according to actual application scenarios.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film 3012 and the orientation of the second alignment film 3022 are at different angles.
  • the angle between the different planes is used for the incident light after passing through the first liquid crystal cell 301 and the second liquid crystal cell 302 under the condition that neither the first liquid crystal cell 301 nor the second liquid crystal cell 302 is applied with external voltage.
  • the transmittance is lower than the first threshold.
  • the different plane angle is close to 90°, for example, the value range of the different plane angle can be [70°, 90°], and the different plane angle can be any value in [70°, 90°].
  • each polarization unit in the multiple polarization units is the same as that of the first polarization unit, and the difference between the multiple polarization units is: the first alignment film (or the second alignment film in each polarization unit among the multiple polarization units) film) orientations are different from each other.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit is 0°
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit is 90°
  • the orientation of the second alignment film in the first polarizing unit is 90°
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit is 0°.
  • the polarizer includes multiple polarization units, and “multiple” and “multiple” are different here.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film of the first liquid crystal cell is taken as an example, and the orientation of the first alignment film in one "kind" of polarization units is one direction.
  • the orientation of the first alignment film of one polarizing unit (which can also be understood as the polarization direction) is 0°, and the orientation of the first alignment film of the other polarizing unit is 90°.
  • the polarizer includes 2 polarization units, for example, includes a polarization unit with a polarization direction of 0°, and a polarization unit with a polarization direction of 90°, but the polarizer may include 4 polarization units, of which two The polarization unit is a polarization unit with a polarization direction of 0°, and the two polarization units are polarization units with a polarization direction of 90°.
  • the state presented by the polarizing unit will be described by applying an external voltage to the first liquid crystal cell and/or the second liquid crystal cell.
  • the off state of the polarization unit neither the first liquid crystal cell 41 nor the second liquid crystal cell 42 applies external voltage, that is, the transparent electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell 41 is disconnected from the power supply, and the second liquid crystal cell 41 is in a disconnected state.
  • the transparent electrode layer of the case 42 is disconnected from the power source.
  • Liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are both ellipsoidal shapes. Therefore, liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules have long and short axes.
  • the orientation of liquid crystal molecules is the long axis direction of liquid crystal molecules, and the orientation of dye molecules is the long axis direction of dye molecules. .
  • the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 41 is the same as the orientation of the first alignment film, that is, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell is parallel to on paper and in the up and down direction.
  • the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 42 is the same as the orientation of the second alignment film, that is, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 42 is perpendicular to paper orientation.
  • the incident light 40 includes a first directional light 401 and a second directional light 402 .
  • the first direction light 401 the vibration direction of the electric vector is the light parallel to the paper surface and along the up-down direction.
  • the second direction light 402 the light whose vibration direction of the electric vector is perpendicular to the paper surface.
  • the dye molecules are dichroic dyes, and the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the vibration direction of the electric vector of the first directional light 401, so the first directional light 401 will be
  • the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 41 are absorbed.
  • the electric vector vibration direction of the second direction light 402 is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 41, so the second direction light 402 cannot be absorbed by the dye molecules, and the second direction light 402 can directly pass through the first direction light 402.
  • Liquid crystal cell 41 Liquid crystal cell 41 . Therefore, only the second direction light remains in the first outgoing light (the outgoing light passing through one layer of liquid crystal cells), and the light in the other direction (the first direction light) has been absorbed by the dye of the first liquid crystal cell.
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 42 are parallel to the vibration direction of the electric vector of the second direction light 402, and the second liquid crystal cell 42
  • the dye molecules will absorb the second direction light 402, and finally, the light energy of the second outgoing light (the outgoing light passing through the two-layer liquid crystal cell) is 0.
  • the light transmittance of the polarizing unit is lower than the first threshold. , the polarizing unit is in a light-shielding state.
  • the open state of the polarizing unit the first liquid crystal cell 51 and the second liquid crystal cell 52 are both applied with external voltage, that is, the transparent electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell 51 is in a conductive state with the power supply, and the second liquid crystal cell 52 is in a conductive state.
  • the transparent electrode layer of 52 is also in a conductive state with the power supply.
  • the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules will be parallel to the direction of the electric field, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules will be parallel to the direction of the electric field, so the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 51 will be deflected.
  • the dye molecules deflect with the liquid crystal molecules, and the long axes of the dye molecules and the liquid crystal molecules are always parallel to the long axes.
  • the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the paper surface and perpendicular to the substrate, and the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 52 are also parallel to the paper surface and perpendicular to the substrate.
  • the incident light 50 includes a first directional light 501 and a second directional light 502 .
  • the first direction light 501 is light whose electric vector vibration direction is parallel to the paper surface and along the up-down direction.
  • the second directional light 502 is light whose electric vector vibration direction is perpendicular to the paper surface.
  • the two vibration directions in the incident light 50 are both perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 51, so the first direction light 501 and the second direction light 502 None of them are absorbed by the dye molecules and directly pass through the first liquid crystal cell 51 , that is, the first outgoing light also includes the first direction light 501 and the second direction light 502 .
  • the first direction light 501 and the second direction light 502 are both perpendicular to the long axes of the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 52, so the first direction light 501 and the second direction light 502 are both perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 52.
  • the directional light 502 is also not absorbed, and directly passes through the second liquid crystal cell 52.
  • the second outgoing light transmitted from the second liquid crystal cell 52 also includes light in two vibration directions (the first directional light 501 and the second directional light 502). 502). At this time, the light transmittance of the polarizing unit is higher than the second threshold, and is in a light-transmitting state.
  • the half-open state of the polarizing unit the first liquid crystal cell or the second liquid crystal cell applies an external voltage.
  • the first liquid crystal cell does not apply an external voltage
  • the second liquid crystal cell applies an external voltage
  • the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 61 is the same as the orientation of the first alignment film, that is, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 61 is parallel to on paper and in the up and down direction.
  • the incident light 60 includes a first directional light 601 and a second directional light 602 .
  • the first direction light 601 is light whose electric vector vibration direction is parallel to the paper surface and along the up-down direction.
  • the second direction light 602 is the light whose electric vector vibration direction is perpendicular to the paper surface.
  • the dye molecules are dichroic dyes, and the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the vibration direction of the electric vector of the first directional light 601, so the first directional light 601 will be
  • the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 61 are absorbed.
  • the first outgoing light includes the second direction light 602 that is not absorbed by the dye molecules.
  • the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules will be parallel to the direction of the electric field, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules will be parallel to the direction of the electric field, so the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 62 Due to the guest-host effect of the dye molecules and the liquid crystal molecules, the dye molecules deflect with the liquid crystal molecules, and the long axes of the dye molecules and the liquid crystal molecules are always parallel.
  • the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 62 are also parallel to the paper surface and perpendicular to the substrate.
  • the second directional light 602 When the first outgoing light is incident on the second liquid crystal cell 62, the second directional light 602 is perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 62, so the second directional light 602 will not be absorbed by the dye molecules, and will directly pass through In the second liquid crystal cell 62 , the second outgoing light only includes the second directional light 602 .
  • the polarization direction of the second directional light 602 is the same as the orientation of the second alignment film in the second liquid crystal cell 62 . For example, if the orientation of the second alignment film is 90°, the polarization direction of the second outgoing light is 90°.
  • the first liquid crystal cell 61 applies an external voltage
  • the second liquid crystal cell 62 does not apply an external voltage
  • the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 61 will be deflected.
  • the orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal cell 61 are parallel to the paper surface and perpendicular to the substrate.
  • the first outgoing light includes first directional light 601 and second directional light 602 .
  • the second direction light 602 When the first outgoing light enters the second liquid crystal cell 62, the second direction light 602 is parallel to the long axis of the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 62, so the second direction light 602 is absorbed by the dye molecules.
  • the first direction light 601 is perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules in the second liquid crystal cell 62 , so the first direction light 601 will not be absorbed by the dye molecules, and the first direction light 601 can directly pass through the second liquid crystal cell 62 .
  • the second outgoing light includes only the first directional light 602 .
  • the polarization direction of the first directional light 601 is the same as the orientation of the first alignment film in the first liquid crystal cell 61 . For example, if the orientation of the first alignment film is 0°, the polarization direction of the second outgoing light is 0°.
  • each polarizing unit includes a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell arranged in layers, and each liquid crystal cell can be driven independently, so that the polarizing unit is in different states (eg on state, off state or half-on state).
  • states eg on state, off state or half-on state.
  • the polarizer includes multiple polarizing units, and the third polarizing unit in each polarizing unit among the multiple polarizing units The orientation of an alignment film is different from each other.
  • the polarizing unit is in a half-open state, polarized light in multiple directions can be obtained. Taking Figure 2 as an example, polarized light in two directions can be obtained, that is, polarized light in the 0° direction. and polarized light in the 90° direction.
  • each polarization unit in the polarizer when each polarization unit in the polarizer is in the off state, it can also play the role of light attenuation, that is, the orientation of the first alignment film and the orientation of the second alignment film in the same polarization unit are close to vertical, and the Both the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are in a high absorption state, so that the light transmittance is lower than the first threshold value, the polarizer is almost opaque to light, and plays a role of shielding light.
  • the polarizer When each polarization unit in the polarizer is in an on state, the light transmittance of the polarizer is higher than the second threshold value, and the polarizer plays a role of transmitting light.
  • the polarizer can not only obtain polarized light in different directions, but also realize light attenuation, and can integrate different functions on one device, which can greatly save costs and has a wide range of application scenarios.
  • the polarizer includes four types of polarizing units as an example for description.
  • the polarizer includes a first polarizing unit 701 , a second polarizing unit 702 , a third polarizing unit 703 and a fourth polarizing unit 704 .
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit 701 and the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit 702 are at a first angle, and the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit 702 is the same as the
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the third polarizing unit 703 forms a second angle
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the third polarizing unit 703 and the orientation of the first alignment film in the fourth polarizing unit 704 form a second angle.
  • Three angles. Wherein, the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are all clockwise angles or all counterclockwise angles.
  • the value ranges of the first angle and the second angle are both: [30°, 60°], and the values of the first angle and the second angle may be any value in [30°, 60°].
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle may be the same or different, which are not specifically limited.
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are all the same as an example for illustration.
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are all 30°.
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are all 45°.
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are all 55°, etc.
  • the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are only illustrative examples, not limiting.
  • the polarization directions of the four polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°.
  • the polarization directions of the four polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°.
  • the polarization directions of the four polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 55°, 110°, and 165°.
  • the polarizer includes three polarizing units as an example.
  • the polarizer includes a first polarizing unit 801 , a second polarizing unit 802 , and a third polarizing unit 803 .
  • the orientation of the first alignment film in the first polarizing unit 801 and the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit 802 are at a first angle, and the orientation of the first alignment film in the second polarizing unit 802 is the same as the
  • the orientations of the first alignment films in the third polarizing unit 803 form a second angle, and the first angle and the second angle are both clockwise angles or both counterclockwise angles.
  • the value ranges of the first angle and the second angle are both: [30°, 80°], and both the first angle and the second angle may be any value in [30°, 80°].
  • the first angle and the second angle are both the same as an example for illustration.
  • both the first angle and the second angle are 40°.
  • both the first angle and the second angle are 45°.
  • the first angle and the second angle are both 60° or the like.
  • the polarization directions of the three polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 40°, and 80°.
  • the polarization directions of the three polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 45°, and 90°.
  • the polarization directions of the three polarization units included in the polarizer may be: 0°, 60°, and 120°.
  • an achromatic quarter-wave plate is provided on the first surface of any polarizing unit among the various polarizing units.
  • a four-quadrant polarization distribution is obtained by taking the polarizer including four polarization units as an example. Light is incident from the second face of the polarizing unit, and the first face and the second face are opposite faces. Placing a quarter-wave plate on the first surface of a certain polarization unit can further obtain circularly polarized light.
  • a quarter-wave plate can be added to increase the circular polarization state of the outgoing light passing through the polarizer, thereby increasing the application scenarios of polarization imaging.
  • this embodiment provides a polarizer array
  • the polarizer array includes a plurality of polarizers arranged in the same plane, and the polarizer includes the four polarization units shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the number of polarizers included in the polarizer array can be adjusted according to the size of the optical lens of the electronic device, and the number of polarizers included in the polarizer array is not specifically limited.
  • the polarizer array includes a plurality of polarizers arranged in the same plane, and the polarizer includes the three polarization units shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the polarizer array includes a plurality of polarizers arranged in the same plane, and the polarizer includes two types of polarizing units shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the polarizer array can be applied to electronic equipment.
  • the electronic equipment includes an optical lens 1101 , a driver and a polarizer array 1102 .
  • the polarizer array and the optical lens are arranged in sequence along the incident direction of light.
  • the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarizing unit in the polarizer array 1102 are connected to the driver through a switch, and the switch can be a pixelated electrode (such as a thin film transistor (TFT)).
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the driver 1103 is connected to the main control chip 1104, and the driver can be used to provide power for the polarizer array.
  • the main control chip is used to send a control signal to the driver, and the driver controls to apply a voltage to the first liquid crystal cell and/or the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit according to the control signal.
  • the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a notebook computer, a monitoring lens, and other electronic products including a camera, and the polarizer array can be superimposed on the camera for use.
  • the polarizer array can also be applied to electronic devices including optical lenses, such as virtual reality (VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, and the like.
  • the state of the polarizer array is controlled by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarizing unit.
  • the first state of the polarizer array the various polarization units in the polarizer array are in a half-open state.
  • the polarizer array is used to polarize the incident light, and polarized light in a plurality of different directions can be obtained.
  • the second state of the polarizer array the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarizing unit are in an off state, that is, each polarizing unit is in an off state.
  • the polarizer array is in the second state, the light transmittance of the outgoing light passing through the polarizer array is lower than the first threshold, and the polarizer array plays a role of shielding light.
  • the third state of the polarizer array the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarizing unit are in a conductive state with the power supply, that is, each polarizing unit is in an on state.
  • each polarizing unit is in an on state.
  • the fourth state of the polarizer array partition control of the polarizer array.
  • the polarizer array includes a first region and a second region.
  • the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all the polarizing units in the first region of the polarizer array are in a conducting state.
  • the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all the polarizing units in the second region of the polarizer array are in a disconnected state.
  • the polarizer array is in the fourth state, and when the polarizer array is in the fourth state, the light transmittance of the second region is lower than the first threshold, that is, the second region is used for light shielding.
  • the light transmittance of the first region is higher than the second threshold, and the first region is used for light transmission.
  • the first area may be a continuous area or a discontinuous area
  • the second area may be a continuous area or a discontinuous area.
  • a polarizer array is arranged in front of the camera of the electronic device (in the light incident direction), and by controlling different states of the polarizer array, the electronic device can hide the camera, reveal the camera (normally take pictures), and polarize the imaging differently. Switch between states with fast response.
  • the polarizing unit in the polarizer in the present application adopts a liquid crystal cell structure arranged in layers, which has stable performance and long service life, and the cost is relatively low. When the polarizing unit is on (when both liquid crystal cells are energized), the light transmittance is high.
  • the polarizer array has a simple structure and is suitable for large-area applications.
  • the liquid crystal technology is mature, there is no need for custom detectors, no fixed polarizers, and the production cost is low.
  • a polarization controllable method in the present application will be described below in combination with application scenarios.
  • the electronic device takes a mobile phone as an example.
  • the polarizer array includes 4 kinds of polarizing units as an example.
  • a method for controllable polarization may include the following steps:
  • Step 1201 when the camera is not in use, control the polarizer array to be in a second state.
  • the polarizer array when the polarizer array is in the second state, the light transmittance of the polarizer array is very low, the polarizer array plays the role of light attenuation, and the light absorption band of the dye molecules in the polarizer array is in the In the range of 250-1200nm, it absorbs infrared light and visible light.
  • the polarizer array is almost black, which can visually hide the camera.
  • the polarizer array is equivalent to a light shield.
  • different dye molecules can be selected according to the color of the mobile phone shell, so that when the polarizer array is in the second state, the camera area is similar to the color of the mobile phone shell, which visually hides the camera and improves the aesthetics of the mobile phone.
  • Step 1202 when the user needs to use the camera, control the polarizer array to be in a third state.
  • the mobile phone receives a second operation input by the user through the display screen, where the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera.
  • the mobile phone controls the polarizer array to be in a third state according to the second operation.
  • the second operation is an operation where the user clicks to take a picture, or a function key such as a camera, or the second operation can also be a voice control operation.
  • the mobile phone controls each polarization unit in the polarizer array to be in an open state.
  • the light transmittance of the polarizer array is higher than the second threshold, and the incident light can pass through the polarizer array and enter the camera.
  • the polarizer array is transparent, and the user can see the lens hidden on one side of the polarizer array.
  • Light can be incident on the camera.
  • the user can perform operations using the camera, such as taking pictures or taking pictures. For example, the camera collects scene images, and the user can also see the preview images through the screen.
  • Step 1203 when the polarization imaging function is enabled, control various polarization units in the polarizer array to be in a half-open state, so that the polarizer array is in a first state.
  • the outgoing light passing through one of the polarizing units is polarized light in one direction
  • the polarizer array is used to polarize the incident light, so that a plurality of polarized lights in different directions can be obtained.
  • the semi-open state is: the electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell of the same polarizing unit and the power supply are in a conductive state, and the electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell and the power supply are in a disconnected state.
  • the electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell and the power supply are in a disconnected state
  • the electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell and the power supply are in an on state.
  • Trigger conditions for enabling polarization imaging include:
  • the mobile phone receives the first operation input by the user, and the first operation is used to trigger the electronic device to turn on the polarization imaging function.
  • the first operation is a click operation, a sliding operation, etc.
  • the polarization imaging function is turned on through the user's operation, so as to control the polarizer array to be in the first state
  • the apparatus controls the state of the polarizer array by receiving the user's first operation, and provides a controllable polarizer array
  • the state of the trigger mode can control the state of the polarizer array according to the user's needs.
  • the automatic triggering method of the electronic device the mobile phone collects the current preview image, obtains the image features of the preview image, and then triggers the electronic device to turn on the polarization imaging function according to the image features.
  • the mobile phone collects the preview image, and obtains the image features of the preview image.
  • one of the places where haze is more obvious is the edges of distant objects, such as the edges of distant trees and the outlines of mountains in the image, will become blurred, so that the contour features in the preview image can be extracted and identified by contour features. Whether defogging is required.
  • the mobile phone determines that the current preview image needs to be defogged, it will automatically trigger the polarization imaging (such as defogging) function. No user participation is required, which saves the user's operation steps and improves the user experience.
  • the polarizer array when the polarization imaging function is turned on, the polarizer array is controlled to be in the first state. And polarized light in different directions is acquired in time division, and polarized imaging is performed by the acquired polarized light in different directions.
  • the polarization imaging includes, but is not limited to, dehazing, denoising, 3D topography, and the like.
  • steps 1202 and 1203 may not be performed, that is, the polarizer array is in the first state, which plays the role of hiding the camera.
  • step 1203 may not be performed.
  • step 1203 can be directly performed, and steps 1201 and 1202 are not performed.
  • the method of polarization imaging in this example is illustrated with a dehazing scene.
  • the polarizer array includes four polarization units, and the four polarization directions are 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°, respectively.
  • the four polarization units work respectively at different times, and the light in the four polarization directions is collected by the camera.
  • the steps are as follows: at the first moment, all the first polarization units (polarization units with a polarization direction of 0°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the other three polarization units are in an off state, and the camera captures the first image.
  • all second polarization units (polarization units with a polarization direction of 45°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the other three polarization units are in an off state, and the camera collects a second image.
  • all third polarization units (polarization units with a polarization direction of 90°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the other three polarization units are in an off state, and the camera collects a third image.
  • all fourth polarization units (polarization units with a polarization direction of 135°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the other three polarization units are in an off state, and the camera collects a fourth image.
  • the scene information collected in four polarization directions is obtained, and image processing is performed.
  • the camera collects image information in different polarization directions, the main control chip obtains polarization degree information and polarization angle information according to the polarization images in different directions, and further analyzes the image according to the polarization degree information and polarization angle information. Perform defogging.
  • S 0 is the total light intensity in the scene, namely I;
  • S 1 is the intensity difference between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
  • S 2 is the intensity difference between the 45° and 135° directions.
  • the atmospheric light intensity at infinity is estimated according to P and ⁇ , and the dehazing image can be finally obtained according to the atmospheric light intensity estimated by the Stokes vector and the atmospheric light intensity at infinity.
  • polarization imaging with different effects can be performed by selecting different algorithms from the obtained polarization images in four directions.
  • image enhancement such as target detection and classification can also be performed according to the polarization images in four directions.
  • the polarizer array includes 2 kinds of polarization units (as shown in Fig. 10B).
  • the difference between this example and the first scene example is: The number of types of polarization units is different.
  • the polarization array in this example includes two types of polarization units (a first polarization unit and a second polarization unit), and the two polarization directions are 0° and 90° respectively. These two units work respectively at different times, and the light in two polarization directions is collected by the camera.
  • all the first polarizing units (polarizing units with a polarization direction of 0°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the second polarizing units are in an off state, and the camera captures the first image.
  • all second polarizing units (polarizing units with a polarization direction of 90°) are controlled to be in a half-on state, the first polarizing units are in an off state, and the camera collects the second image, that is, two polarized images in orthogonal directions are obtained.
  • the polarized images of the two directions are used for polarized imaging.
  • the target can be classified (or identified), and the polarization characteristic information of the target can reflect the material, roughness, shape and other information of the target, and the contrast between the target and the background can be enhanced by using polarization imaging to achieve the purpose of target detection or target enhancement.
  • the polarization imaging detection technology can better identify man-made targets in the natural background. It is suitable for Recognition of man-made objects (eg, recognizing cars and people) in complex contexts.
  • the alignment film orientation of the polarization unit in the polarizer array is simplified, and polarization images in two orthogonal directions can be obtained through the polarizer array.
  • the uniformity of the distribution direction of the liquid crystal in the power-off state is improved, so that the polarization imaging effect is better, but at the same time, since there are only two directions, the polarization degree can only be calculated by the differential method, and the polarization angle cannot be calculated. Limited, it can be applied to polarization imaging scenes that only require polarization degree.
  • a suitable shooting angle can be found through the user's manual rotation operation, which requires rotating the electronic device during shooting and achieving by multiple shooting.
  • a user rotates the mobile phone in the same plane when taking a photo, it is equivalent to rotating the polarizer array in the same plane, and polarized images in other directions can be obtained.
  • the first polarizing unit is in a half-on state, and the second polarizing unit is in an off state.
  • the second polarizing unit is in a half-on state, and the first polarizing unit is in an off state.
  • the user rotates the mobile phone, and the mobile phone detects the polarization direction of the polarized light obtained from the current location.
  • the mobile phone If the polarization direction of the polarized light currently obtained meets the preset value (for example, 45° or 60°, etc.), the mobile phone outputs a prompt message, for example, the mobile phone A prompt sound is output, and the user stops rotating the mobile phone according to the prompt sound, and takes a picture at the current shooting angle of the mobile phone.
  • the mobile phone can obtain the image information of the current polarization direction.
  • the mobile phone can be rotated to determine a suitable shooting angle, and then a prompt sound is output to remind the user that the current angle of the mobile phone is a suitable shooting angle. image information to the other polarization direction.
  • the mobile phone can preprocess the collected images of multiple polarization directions, including binarizing the color image, etc., and use the collected multiple polarization images to obtain the Stokes parameter (such as S0, S1, S2) map , and further calculate the polarization angle and polarization degree parameters, and obtain the polarization characteristic information of the target, so as to realize the detection (recognition) of the target.
  • the Stokes parameter such as S0, S1, S2
  • the polarizer array includes 3 kinds of polarization units (as shown in Fig. 10C).
  • the difference between this example and the first scene example is: The number of polarizing units is different.
  • the polarizing array in this example includes three polarizing units (a first polarizing unit, a second polarizing unit, and a third polarizing unit), and the three polarizing directions are 0°, 60°, and 120°, respectively.
  • the first moment control all the first polarization units (polarization units with a polarization direction of 0°) to be in a half-on state, and the other two polarization units are in an off state, and the camera captures the first image;
  • the second moment control all the second polarization units
  • the polarization unit (the polarization unit with the polarization direction of 60°) is in the half-on state, the other two polarization units are in the off state, and the camera collects the second image;
  • all the third polarization units (the polarization unit with the polarization direction of 120°) are controlled unit) is in a half-on state, the other two polarization units are in an off state, and the camera captures the third image. That is, polarization images in 3 directions (such as 0°, 60° and 120°) can be obtained.
  • the method for obtaining a 3D topography image through polarization images in three directions is as follows:
  • the Stokes vector of the light wave is as follows:
  • I represents the light intensity
  • Q represents the light intensity difference between the linear polarization components in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction
  • U represents the linearly polarized light components in the xy plane and the x-axis directions at angles of 45° and 135°, respectively
  • the light intensity difference of , V represents the light intensity difference between left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. In nature, V is often very small, so V is approximately 0.
  • the polarization degree p and polarization angle ⁇ are expressed as follows:
  • the light intensity received by the beam after passing through the polarization unit is:
  • the light intensity information collected under three ⁇ that is, I(0°), I(60°), and I(120°) can solve I, Q, and U. Furthermore, the degree of polarization can be obtained according to formula (6), and the angle of polarization can be obtained according to formula (7).
  • polarization imaging is used for 3D topography detection.
  • the normal direction of the surface of the object can be calculated from the degree and polarization angle, and the point cloud can be obtained through the normal direction of each point, and then the 3D shape of the object can be fitted by the point cloud reconstruction algorithm.
  • the polarizer array includes four types of polarization units, and polarized light in four polarization directions can be obtained through the polarizer array, and the polarization imaging has a wide range of application scenarios.
  • the polarizer array includes two polarizing units, through which polarized light in two directions can be obtained, and polarized light in two directions can only be obtained during polarized imaging, which simplifies the setting direction of the alignment film, and can Increase the light flux of a certain polarization direction, such as 0° polarization, and reduce the exposure time of each frame during time-division polarization imaging.
  • the polarizer array includes three polarization units, through which polarized light in three directions can be obtained, and polarized light in three directions can be obtained during polarization imaging.
  • the alignment is simplified
  • the orientation of the film can increase the luminous flux of a certain polarization direction and reduce the exposure time of each frame during time-division polarization imaging. When imaging, the application scenarios increase.
  • the method may further include: the electronic device controls the polarizer array to be in a fourth state.
  • the first region exhibits high light transmittance, that is, the first region is a light-transmitting region.
  • the second area exhibits low light transmittance, that is, the second area is a light-shielding area.
  • the polarizer array is equivalent to an aperture-coded coded mask, allowing some of the light to pass through and the other to be shielded.
  • the first area and the second area in the coding mask can be flexibly controlled according to the scene.
  • the polarizer array can be equivalent to a spatial filter, and the image captured by the camera added to the polarizer array will have more high-frequency information in the spatial domain.
  • the coded aperture imaging is mainly composed of two parts: encoding and decoding: the encoding end projects the original image onto the polarizer array according to the optical principle, the light is transmitted through the polarizer array, the projected image is collected by the image sensor, and the projected images are superimposed on each other to form At the decoding end, a series of filtering and reconstruction algorithms are used to process the two-dimensional encoded image, and finally a clear image is obtained through reconstruction.
  • the function of decoding is to improve the spatial resolution of the image and thus improve the performance of the imaging system.
  • the polarizer array can be flexibly controlled by partition, so that a part of the polarizer array transmits light, and a part blocks light.
  • the polarizer array is equivalent to an encoding mask and can be used for aperture encoding imaging.
  • the polarizer array in this example can flexibly control the light-shielding area and the light-transmitting area according to the required scene.
  • the electronic devices are mobile phones, tablet computers, and laptops equipped with front cameras as examples.
  • the electronic devices are illustrated by taking laptops as an example. .
  • the polarizer array When the camera is not in use, the polarizer array is in the second state.
  • the light transmittance of the polarizer array is very low, which acts as a shield for the camera.
  • the electronic device After the electronic device receives an operation input by the user to trigger the use of the camera, the electronic device controls the polarizer array to be in the third state. That is, the polarizer array is in a state of high transmittance. At this time, the incident light can be incident on the camera, and the camera can collect images.
  • the camera is called by an application (application, APP), and the user's image information is collected through the camera, thereby revealing user privacy.
  • application application
  • the polarizer array when the polarizer array is applied to the front camera of the electronic device, the polarizer array is in the second state when the camera is not used.
  • the light transmittance of the polarizer array is very low, which acts as a shield for the camera. Avoid the user's privacy being leaked by being called by the APP to the camera without the user's knowledge.
  • the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera, the user allows the use of the camera, and the electronic device controls the polarizer array to be in the third state, Only the incident light can be incident on the camera, and the camera can collect images normally.
  • the second operation in this example may be a click operation received through the display screen, a sliding screen operation, a voice operation, etc., or may also be an authorized operation by the user.
  • the user is using a laptop. If the user uses an APP, the APP calls the front camera without the user's knowledge. At this time, the polarizer array plays a role in blocking the camera. , will not reveal the user's privacy.
  • the APP prompts the user whether to use the camera, the user can perform the second operation, and when used for the operation of clicking "Yes", the electronic device controls the polarizer array to be in the third state.
  • the user uses an APP and needs to use the APP to call the camera, for example, the video function, the camera function, the user can actively input the second operation, turn on the camera, and the electronic device controls the polarizer array to be in the third state.
  • the camera can be used normally, and image information can be collected through the camera.
  • the APP calls the camera, it triggers the camera to be turned on.
  • the electronic device detects the operation of turning on the camera, it controls the polarizer array to be in the third state.
  • the polarizer array transmits light, and the user can visually see Intuitively determine that the camera is shooting, that is, there is currently an APP that turns on the camera to shoot through an illegal operation in the background.
  • the user can check which APP is performing illegal operations, and then deal with it, such as uninstalling the APP or changing the APP settings, etc., so as to avoid leaking users. privacy.
  • the electronic device may be mixed reality (MR) glasses.
  • MR mixed reality
  • the above-mentioned polarizer array of FIGS. 10A-10C can also be applied to the optical lenses of MR glasses, which can realize switching between virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) glasses and augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) glasses.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • the optical lenses of AR glasses are transparent, while the optical lenses of VR glasses are opaque.
  • whether the glasses are shielded from light can be realized by controlling the state of the polarizer array.
  • the polarizer array is controlled to be in the second state, that is, the glasses are in an opaque state, and at this time, the glasses are switched to VR glasses.
  • the polarizer array is controlled to be in a third state. At this time, the glasses are in a light-transmitting state, and at this time, the glasses are switched to AR glasses.
  • the polarizer array can be controlled to switch between light-shielding and light-transmitting by controlling the state of the polarizer array, so that the switching between AR glasses and VR glasses can be realized.
  • the polarizer array can also be arranged in front of the headlights, which can realize the intelligent shading of the headlights and play an anti-glare effect on the oncoming driver.
  • the road surface information can be collected by a camera, and then the road surface information is transmitted to the main control chip, and the main control chip processes and analyzes the road surface information.
  • the main control chip will send a control signal to the driver chip, and the driver chip will control which polarization units in the polarizer array transmit light (that is, in the polarizer array). On), which polarizing units do not pass light (that is, in the off state), so as to dynamically adjust the emitted light, so that the driver's glasses are in a comfortable state, and it can also play an anti-glare effect on oncoming drivers.
  • the polarizer array in this example uses proven liquid crystal technology, which is simple to control and low cost.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a polarization control device.
  • the polarization control device 2300 includes an optical lens 2301 , a power supply 2302 and a polarizer array 2303 .
  • the electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell are connected to the power supply 2302 through switches, and the polarizer array 2303 and the optical lens 2301 are arranged in sequence along the incident direction of the light; the polarization control device further includes a control module 2304;
  • the control module 2304 is used to control the state of the polarizer array 2303 by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply 2302 of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit;
  • the states include the first state.
  • the polarizer array 2303 is used to polarize the light incident on the optical lens 2301 to obtain polarized lights in multiple directions.
  • control module 2304 is also used to: control the various polarization units in the polarizer array 2303 to be in a half-open state, so that the polarizer array 2303 is in the first state; wherein, the outgoing light of one polarization unit is polarized light , the polarized light is in one direction; the semi-open state is: the electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell of the same polarizing unit and the power supply 2302 are in a conductive state, and the electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell and the power supply 2302 are in a disconnected state.
  • the polarization control device further includes a receiving module 2307;
  • the receiving module 2307 is configured to receive a first operation input by the user, where the first operation is used to trigger the polarization control device to enable the polarization imaging function.
  • the polarization control device further includes an image acquisition module 2305 and a processing module 2306;
  • the image acquisition module 2305 is used to acquire preview images
  • the processing module 2306 is configured to extract the image features of the preview image collected by the image collection module 2305; and enable the polarization imaging function according to the image features.
  • the image acquisition module 2305 is further configured to acquire image information of multiple polarization directions of the target object when the polarizer array 2303 is in the first state;
  • the processing module 2306 is further configured to generate a polarization image according to the image information of multiple polarization directions collected by the image collection module 2305 .
  • control module 2304 is also used to control the respective electrode layers and the power supply 2302 of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit to be in the disconnected state, so that the polarizer array 2303 is in the second state; When the polarizer array 2303 is in the second state, the light transmittance of the polarizer array 2303 is lower than the first threshold.
  • control module 2304 is also used to control the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarization unit, and the power supply 2302 is in a conductive state, so that the polarizer array 2303 is in the third state. ; When the polarizer array 2303 is in the third state, the light transmittance of the polarizer array 2303 is higher than the second threshold.
  • control module 2304 is also used to control the electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all polarizing units in the first area of the polarizer array 2303 and the power supply 2302 to be in a conducting state, and control the polarizer array.
  • the electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cells and the second liquid crystal cells of all polarizing units in the second area are disconnected from the power supply 2302, so that the polarizer array 2303 is in the fourth state, when the polarizer array 2303 is in the fourth state.
  • the light transmittance of the second region is lower than the first threshold, and the light transmittance of the first region is higher than the second threshold.
  • the device includes a camera 2308, the camera 2308 includes an optical lens 2301, and the polarization control device further includes a receiving module 2307;
  • a receiving module 2307 configured to receive a second operation input by the user, where the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera;
  • the control module 2304 is further configured to control the polarizer array 2303 to be in the third state according to the second operation received by the receiving module 2307 .
  • the power supply 2302 in this example is the power supply module of the drive in FIG. 11 .
  • the functions of the control module 2304 in this example are performed by the driver in FIG. 11 .
  • the functions of the control module 2304 and the functions of the receiving module 2307 are performed by the main control chip in FIG. 11 .
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a polarization control apparatus, and the polarization control apparatus 2400 may be an electronic device including a camera such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a monitoring lens, or the like, or the device may be an electronic device including an optical lens, such as MR glasses.
  • the electronic device takes a mobile phone as an example.
  • the mobile phone includes: a memory 2420, an input unit 2430, a display unit 2440, a camera 2450, an audio circuit 2460, a processor 2480, a power supply 2490, a polarizer array 2470 and other components.
  • the memory 2420 can be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 2480 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 2420 .
  • Memory 2420 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
  • the input unit 2430 may be used to receive input numerical or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the mobile phone.
  • the input unit 2430 may include a touch panel 2431 .
  • the touch panel 2431 also referred to as a touch screen, can collect touch operations by the user on or near it (such as the user's finger, stylus, etc., any suitable object or accessory on or near the touch panel 2431). operation), for example, the first operation and the second operation input by the user may be received through the input unit 2430 .
  • the first operation is used to trigger the electronic device to turn on the polarization imaging function.
  • the first operation is a click operation, a sliding operation, etc., for example, in the preview image state, the user clicks the polarization imaging (such as defogging, enhancing, etc.) of the screen. Beautify, etc.) function key to trigger the polarization imaging function.
  • the second operation is used to trigger the use of the camera, and the second operation may be a click operation received through the display screen, an operation of sliding the screen, and the like.
  • the display unit 2440 can be used to display various image information, such as polarization imaging image information and preview images.
  • the display unit 2440 may include a display panel 2441, and optionally, the display panel 2441 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like.
  • the touch panel 2431 and the display panel 2441 can be integrated to realize the input and output functions of the mobile phone.
  • the camera 2450 includes an optical lens 2451, a polarizer array 2470 and the optical lens 2451 are arranged along the incident direction of the light.
  • the camera 2450 can collect polarization images in multiple polarization directions through the polarizer array 2470 .
  • the mobile phone also includes a power supply 2490 (such as a battery) for powering various components, the power supply 2490 can supply power to the driver 2452 of the camera 2450, and the polarizer array 2470 is connected to the driver 2452 through a switch.
  • a power supply 2490 such as a battery
  • the power supply 2490 can supply power to the driver 2452 of the camera 2450
  • the polarizer array 2470 is connected to the driver 2452 through a switch.
  • the processor 2480 is the control center of the mobile phone, using various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire mobile phone, by running or executing the software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 2420, and calling the data stored in the memory 2420. Various functions of the mobile phone and processing data, so as to monitor the mobile phone as a whole.
  • the processor 2480 may include one or more processing units;
  • the processor 2480 is configured to control the polarizer array 2470 by controlling the on-off states of the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell in each polarization unit status.
  • the first state of the polarizer array 2470 the various polarization units in the polarizer array 2470 are in a half-open state.
  • the polarizer array 2470 is used to polarize the incident light, and polarized light in multiple directions can be obtained.
  • the processor 2480 can determine the polarization degree information and polarization angle information according to the polarization images in different directions, and further perform dehazing processing, 3D appearance or denoising, etc. on the image according to the polarization degree information and the polarization angle information.
  • the second state of the polarizer array 2470 the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarizing unit are in an off state, that is, each polarizing unit is in an off state.
  • the polarizer array 2470 is in the second state, the light transmittance of the outgoing light passing through the polarizer array 2470 is lower than the first threshold, and the polarizer array 2470 plays a role of shielding light.
  • the third state of the polarizer array 2470 the respective electrode layers of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of each polarizing unit are in a conductive state with the power supply, that is, each polarizing unit is in an on state.
  • each polarizing unit is in an on state.
  • Polarizer array 2470 is zone controlled.
  • Polarizer array 2470 includes a first region and a second region.
  • the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all the polarizing units in the first region are in a conducting state.
  • the respective electrode layers and the power supply of the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell of all the polarizing units in the second region are disconnected.
  • the polarizer array 2470 is placed in the fourth state, when the polarizer array 2470 is in the fourth state, the light transmittance of the second region is lower than the first threshold, that is, the second region is used for shading.
  • the light transmittance of the first region is higher than the second threshold, and the first region is used for light transmission.
  • the audio circuit 2460 includes a speaker 2461 and a microphone 2462, and the audio circuit 2460 can provide an audio interface between the user and the mobile phone.
  • the functions of the receiving module 2307 in FIG. 23 may be performed by the input unit 2430 in this example, and the functions of the control module 2304 and the processing module 2306 in FIG. 23 may be performed by the processor 2480 in this example , the image acquisition module 2305 in FIG. 23 may be executed by the camera 2450 in this example.
  • the processor mentioned in any one of the above may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more of the above
  • the first aspect is an integrated circuit for executing the program of the wireless communication method.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer executes the method in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 12 .
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which, when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 12 above.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种偏振器、偏振器阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备，其中，偏振器包括多种偏振单元，每种偏振单元均包括层叠设置的第一液晶盒（301）和第二液晶盒（302），每个液晶盒（301，302）均包括液晶层（3013，3023）和配向膜（3012，3022），配向膜（3012，3022）分别连接有用于对液晶层（3013，3023）和施加外电压的电极层（30112，30212）；每个偏振单元的第一液晶盒（301）和第二液晶盒（302）可以分别"导通"或"断开"控制，每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒（301）的配向膜（3012）的取向互不相同；在同一种偏振单元中，有一个液晶盒呈导通状态时，偏振单元的出射光为一个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振器包括多种偏振单元，由此，偏振器的出射光为多个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振器直接设置于光学镜头前，不会影响光学镜头的分辨率，并且生产成本较低。

Description

偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备
本申请要求于2020年8月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为“202010818917.8”、申请名称为“偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及偏振器技术领域，尤其涉及偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备。
背景技术
光的偏振特性是由其横波特性决定的一种属性。当光照射到物体表面时，会产生反射、折射和衍射等现象。光发生反射的同时，光的偏振特性会改变。例如，自然光经过物体表面反射之后会产生偏振光，这种改变与目标自身的理化特性有关，偏振光可以反映目标的偏振特性。偏振光的应用非常广泛。例如，摄影、3D电影，目标探测，目标测量等等。
当前一种产生偏振光的方法，请参阅图1所示，在相机探测器上每个像素上面放置线偏振片，且相邻像素之间的偏振方向不同，每个偏振片和像素一一对应，并将偏振片阵列内嵌到像素点阵列和微透镜阵列之间，然后通过偏振探测器采集不同方向的偏振光。
该技术中，每个偏振片和像素要一一对应，并内嵌到像素点阵列和微透镜阵列之间，损失图像分辨率，并且需要专门定制偏振探测器来采集不同方向的偏振光，生产成本较高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种偏振器、偏振器阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种偏振器，该偏振器包括同平面排列的多种偏振单元，多种偏振单元中的每种偏振单元均包括层叠设置的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒；例如，入射光可以先通过一个液晶盒(如第一液晶盒)，再通过另一个液晶盒(如第二液晶盒)；其中，第一液晶盒包括第一液晶层和第一配向膜，第一配向膜用于对第一液晶层定向，第一配向膜连接有用于对第一液晶层施加外电压的第一电极层；第二液晶盒包括第二液晶层和第二配向膜，第二配向膜用于对第二液晶层定向，第二配向膜连接有用于对第二液晶层施加外电压的第二电极层；第一液晶层和第二液晶层均包括用于吸收光波的染料分子；第一配向膜的取向和第二配向膜的取向呈异面夹角，异面夹角用于在第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均未被施加外电压的情况下，入射光经过第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒后，入射光的透过率低于第一阈值；多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向互不相同。
本示例中，每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒可以分别“导通”或“断开”控制，当每种偏振单元中第一液晶盒或第二液晶盒施加外电压(导通状态)时，每种偏振单元的出射光为一个偏振方向的偏振光，该偏振器包括多种偏振单元，每种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向互不相同，由此，偏振器的出射光可以为多个偏振方向的偏振光，该偏振光中携带偏振信息，该偏振信息用于偏振成像。本示例中的偏振器应用场景广泛，可以应用于各类电子设备的光学镜头，直接设置于光学镜头前，通过该偏振器产生偏振光，不会影响 光学镜头的分辨率，并且生产成本较低。
并且，当偏振器中每种偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均未施加外电压时，还可以起到光衰减的作用，即同一种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和第二配向膜的取向接近垂直，且第一液晶层和第二液晶层中的染料分子都呈高吸收态，从而使得经过偏振器的光透过率低于第一阈值，偏振器几乎不透光，起到遮光的作用。当偏振器中每种偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均施加外电压时，偏振器的光透过率高于第二阈值，偏振器起到透光的作用。本申请中，该偏振器即可以得到不同方向的偏振光，又可以实现光衰减作用，在一个器件上可以集成不同的功能，可以极大的节省成本，并且应用场景广泛。
在一个可选的实现方式中，染料分子的光吸收波段的范围为：[250nm，1200nm]。本示例中，染料分子吸收红外光和可见光，从而使得当第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均未施加外电压时，入射光经过第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒后，出射光光能量几乎为0，偏振器可以起到很好的遮光效果。
在一个可选的实现方式中，其特征在于，异面夹角的取值范围为：[70°，90°]。本示例中，该异面夹角接近90°，第一配向膜的取向和第二配向膜的取向接近正交，在第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均未被施加外电压的情况下，入射光经过第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒后，入射光的透过率低于第一阈值，偏振器可以起到很好的遮光效果，
在一个可选的实现方式中，多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元和第二偏振单元；其中，第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，该第一角度为90度。本示例中，偏振器包括2种偏振单元，当第一偏振单元和第二偏振单元处于半开态(一个偏振单元中两个液晶盒有一个液晶盒施加外电压，另一个液晶盒未施加外电压)时，一种偏振单元用于得到一个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振器包括2种偏振单元，即可以得到2个偏振方向的偏振光，简化了偏振器阵列中偏振单元的配向膜取向(偏振器阵列中配置2个取向的第一配向膜即可)。改善了断电状态(未施加电压状态)下的液晶分布方向均匀性，从而使得利用这两个正交方向的偏振光的偏振成像效果更佳。
在一个可选的实现方式中，多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元和第三偏振单元；其中，第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度，第一角度和第二角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。本示例中，偏振器包括3种偏振单元，当第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元及第三偏振单元均处于半开态(一个偏振单元中两个液晶盒中，有一个液晶盒施加外电压，另一个液晶盒未施加外电压)时，一个偏振单元用于得到一个偏振方向的偏振光，即可以得到三个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振器阵列包括3种偏振单元，通过该偏振阵列可以得到3个方向的偏振光，由于获取3个方向的偏振光，当利用偏振光进行偏振成像时，应用场景相对增多。
在一个可选的实现方式中，第一角度和第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°，80°]。本示例中，当偏振器包含3种偏振单元时，即可以可到3个偏振方向的偏振光，该3个偏振方向的偏振光可以用于偏振成像，第一角度和第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°，80°]时，3个偏振方向间隔角度适中，例如，3个偏振方向分别为0°、60°和120°，可以获取不同偏振方向 的偏振信息，3个偏振方向的偏振信息可以更多的偏振成像场景。
在一个可选的实现方式中，多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元，第三偏振单元和第四偏振单元；其中，第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度；第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和第四偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第三角度，第一角度，第二角度和第三角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。本示例中，偏振器阵列包括4种偏振单元，通过该偏振器阵列可以得到4个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振成像的应用场景广泛。
在一个可选的实现方式中，第一角度、第二角度、第三角度的取值范围均为：[30°，60°]。本示例中，当偏振器包含3种偏振单元时，即可以可到3个偏振方向的偏振光，该3个偏振方向的偏振光可以用于偏振成像，第一角度和第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°，60°]时，例如，4个偏振方向分别为0°、45°、90°和120°，4个偏振方向间隔角度适中，可以获取不同偏振方向的偏振信息，4个偏振方向的偏振信息可以用于更多的偏振成像场景。
在一个可选的实现方式中，当偏振单元的数量大于或者等于3个时，多种偏振单元中任一种偏振单元的第一面设置有1/4波片，光从偏振单元的第二面入射，第一面和第二面为相对面。本示例中，可以通过增加四分之一波片，透过偏振器的出射光增加圆偏振态，从而增加了偏振成像的应用场景。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种偏振器阵列，包括同平面排列的多个如上述第一方面中任一项的偏振器。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种偏振可控方法，应用于偏振可控装置，例如，该装置可以为如手机，笔记本电脑或平板电脑等电子设备，该装置包括光学镜片、电源及上述第二方面的偏振器阵列，偏振器阵列中每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与电源连接，偏振器阵列和光学镜片沿着光的入射方向依次设置；所述方法包括：该装置通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态；其中，偏振器阵列的状态包括第一状态，当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，偏振器阵列用于对入射到光学镜片的光进行偏振，得到多个不同方向的偏振光。本实施例中，光学镜片前方(光入射方向上)设置偏振器阵列，通过控制偏振器阵列的不同状态，即可以使得偏振器阵列在遮光、透光、获取偏振光等不同状态之间切换，响应速度快。并且偏振器中的偏振单元采用层叠设置的液晶盒结构，性能稳定寿命长，而且成本也较为低廉。
在一个可选的实现方式中，通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态，包括：当开启偏振成像功能时，控制偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使偏振器阵列处于第一状态；其中，一种偏振单元的出射光为偏振光，偏振光为一个方向，多种偏振单元用于得到多个偏振方向的偏振光。本示例中，通过单独驱动每个偏振单元中的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒的“导通”或“断开”状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态，当每种偏振单元中有一个液晶盒为导通状态，而另一个液晶盒为断开状态时，偏振器阵列用于得到多个偏振方向的偏振光，该偏振光中携带偏 振信息，该偏振信息用于偏振成像，应用场景广泛，并且生产成本较低。
在一个可选的实现方式中，方法还可以包括：接收用户输入的第一操作，第一操作用于触发偏振可控装置开启偏振成像功能。本示例中，通过用户的操作，来开启偏振成像功能，从而控制偏振器阵列处于第一状态，该装置通过接收用户的第一操作来控制偏振器阵列的状态，提供了一种控制偏振器阵列的状态的触发方式，可以根据用户的需求控制偏振器阵列的状态。
在一个可选的实现方式中，方法还可以包括：该装置采集预览图像，提取预览图像的图像特征，然后，根据图像特征开启偏振成像功能。本示例中，该装置可以根据预览图像的图像特征自动控制偏振器阵列的状态，例如，当前预览图像中物体的轮廓特征模糊，装置判定需要进行去雾处理，该装置自动开启偏振成像功能，无需用户参与，节省用户的操作步骤，提高用户体验。
在一个可选的实现方式中，方法还可以包括：当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，采集目标对象的多个偏振方向的图像信息；根据多个偏振方向的图像信息生成偏振图像。本示例中，当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，该装置通过获取到的多个偏振方向的偏振图像，根据不同的应用场景选择不同的算法，可以进行不同效果的偏振成像，应用场景广泛。
在一个可选的实现方式中，通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态可以包括：控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第二状态；当偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，偏振器阵列的光透过率低于第一阈值，该偏振器阵列实现遮光的效果。本示例中，该装置通过控制偏振器阵列的状态，来实现偏振器阵列的不同功能，如，当偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，该偏振器阵列具有光衰减的功能，该功能可以应用到不同的应用场景，例如，实现隐藏摄像头的功能等，从而使得在一个器件上即能获取不同偏振方向的偏振光的功能，又能实现光衰减的功能，一个器件功能集成化，极大的节省成本。
在一个可选的实现方式中，通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态可以包括：控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与电源均为导通状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第三状态，当偏振器阵列处于第三状态时，偏振器阵列的光透过率高于第二阈值，该偏振器阵列实现透光的效果。本示例中，该装置通过控制偏振器阵列的状态，来实现偏振器阵列的不同功能，如，当偏振器阵列处于第三状态时，该偏振器阵列实现透光的效果，该功能可以应用到不同的应用场景，例如，从遮光状态且转换到该透光状态，可以实现隐藏摄像头切换到显露摄像头的效果，从而使得在一个器件上实现不同效果的切换，应用场景广泛，一个器件功能集成化，极大的节省成本。
在一个可选的实现方式中，电子设备包括摄像头，摄像头包括光学镜片，方法还包括：该装置接收用户输入的第二操作，第二操作用于触发使用摄像头；然后，根据第二操作，控制偏振器阵列处于第三状态。本示例中，可以根据用户的操作控制偏振器阵列切换状态，可以根据用户的需求控制偏振器阵列的状态。
在一个可选的实现方式中，通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态可以包括：控制偏振器阵列中第一区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态，且控制偏振器阵列中第二区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第四状态，当偏振器阵列处于第四状态时，第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值。本示例中，可以对偏振器阵列分区域进行控制其遮光区域和透光区域，偏振器阵列等效于编码掩膜板，可以用于孔径编码成像，相对于传统的编码掩膜板，本示例中的偏振器阵列可以通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒的施电压状态来控制不同的区域的遮光和透光情况，可以根据需要的场景灵活控制遮光区域及透光区域。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种偏振控制装置，偏振控制装置包括光学镜片、电源及上述第二方面的偏振器阵列，偏振器阵列中每个偏振单元中的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与电源连接，偏振器阵列和光学镜片沿着光的入射方向依次设置；偏振控制装置还包括控制模块；其中，控制模块，用于通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态；其中，状态包括第一状态，当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，偏振器阵列用于对入射到光学镜片的光进行偏振，得到多个不同方向的偏振光。本实施例中，光学镜片前方(光入射方向上)设置偏振器阵列，通过控制偏振器阵列的不同状态，即可以使得偏振器阵列在遮光、透光、获取偏振光等不同状态之间切换，响应速度快。并且偏振器中的偏振单元采用层叠设置的液晶盒结构，性能稳定寿命长，而且成本也较为低廉。
在一个可选的实现方式中，控制模块还用于：控制偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使偏振器阵列处于第一状态；其中，一种偏振单元的出射光为偏振光，偏振光为一个方向，多种偏振单元用于得到多个偏振方向的偏振光。本示例中，通过单独驱动每个偏振单元中的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒的“导通”或“断开”状态，来控制偏振器阵列的状态，当每种偏振单元中有一个液晶盒为导通状态，而另一个液晶盒为断开状态时，偏振器阵列用于得到多个偏振方向的偏振光，该偏振光中携带偏振信息，该偏振信息用于偏振成像，应用场景广泛，并且生产成本较低。
在一个可选的实现方式中，偏振控制装置还包括接收模块；接收模块，用于接收用户输入的第一操作，第一操作用于触发偏振控制装置开启偏振成像功能。本示例中，通过用户的操作，来开启偏振成像功能，从而控制偏振器阵列处于第一状态，该装置通过接收用户的第一操作来控制偏振器阵列的状态，提供了一种控制偏振器阵列的状态的触发方式，可以根据用户的需求控制偏振器阵列的状态。
在一个可选的实现方式中，偏振控制装置还包括图像采集模块和处理模块；图像采集模块，用于采集预览图像；处理模块，用于提取图像采集模块采集的预览图像的图像特征；根据图像特征开启偏振成像功能。本示例中，该装置可以根据预览图像的图像特征自动控制偏振器阵列的状态，例如，当前预览图像中物体的轮廓特征模糊，装置判定需要进行去雾处理，该装置自动开启偏振成像功能，无需用户参与，节省用户的操作步骤，提高用户 体验。
在一个可选的实现方式中，偏振控制装置还包括图像采集模块和处理模块；
图像采集模块，还用于当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，采集目标对象的多个偏振方向的图像信息；处理模块，还用于根据图像采集模块采集的多个偏振方向的图像信息生成偏振图像。本示例中，当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，该装置通过获取到的多个偏振方向的偏振图像，根据不同的应用场景选择不同的算法，可以进行不同效果的偏振成像，应用场景广泛。
在一个可选的实现方式中，控制模块，还用于控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第二状态；当偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，偏振器阵列的光透过率低于第一阈值，该偏振器阵列实现遮光的效果。本示例中，该装置通过控制偏振器阵列的状态，来实现偏振器阵列的不同功能，如，当控制偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，该偏振器阵列具有光衰减的功能，该功能可以应用到不同的应用场景，例如，实现隐藏摄像头的功能等，从而使得在一个器件上即能获取不同偏振方向的偏振光的功能，又能实现光衰减的功能，一个器件功能集成化，极大的节省成本。
在一个可选的实现方式中，控制模块，还用于控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与电源均为导通状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第三状态；当偏振器阵列处于第三状态时，偏振器阵列的光透过率高于第二阈值，该偏振器阵列实现透光的效果。本示例中，该装置通过控制偏振器阵列的状态，来实现偏振器阵列的不同功能，如，当偏振器阵列处于第三状态时，该偏振器阵列实现透光的效果，该功能可以应用到不同的应用场景，例如，从遮光状态且转换到该透光状态，以实现隐藏摄像头切换到显露摄像头的效果，从而使得在一个器件上实现不同效果的切换，应用场景广泛，一个器件功能集成化，极大的节省成本。
在一个可选的实现方式中，偏振控制装置包括摄像头，摄像头包括光学镜片，偏振控制装置还包括接收模块；接收模块，用于接收用户输入的第二操作，第二操作用于触发使用摄像头；控制模块，还用于根据接收模块接收的第二操作，控制偏振器阵列处于第三状态。本示例中，可以根据用户的操作控制偏振器阵列切换状态，可以根据用户的需求控制偏振器阵列的状态。
在一个可选的实现方式中，控制模块还用于控制偏振器阵列中第一区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态，且控制偏振器阵列中第二区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列处于第四状态，当偏振器阵列处于第四状态时，第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值。本示例中，可以对偏振器阵列分区域进行控制其遮光区域和透光区域，偏振器阵列等效于编码掩膜板，可以用于孔径编码成像，相对于传统的编码掩膜板，本示例中的偏振器阵列可以通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒的施电压状态来控制不同的区域的遮光和透光情况，可以根据需要的场景灵活控制遮光区域及透光区域。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括处理器及与处理器连接的上述第 二方面的偏振器阵列；处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，处理器用于读取至少一个存储器所存储的计算机程序，使得电子设备执行如上述第三方面任一项的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括驱动器，及与驱动器连接的主控芯片和如上述第二方面的偏振器阵列；驱动器用于接收主控芯片的控制信号，并根据控制信号控制偏振器阵列的状态；主控芯片用于使得电子设备执行上述第三方面任一项的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读介质，计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序，当计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第三方面中任意一项的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，包括处理器和通信接口，该处理器用于读取指令以执行上述第三方面的方法。
附图说明
图1为一种偏振器件的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中包括两种偏振单元的偏振器的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中偏振单元的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中偏振单元的关态的示例图；
图5为本申请实施例中偏振单元的开态的示例图；
图6A和图6B为本申请实施例中偏振单元的半开态的示例图；
图7为本申请实施例中包括四种偏振单元的偏振器的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中包括三种偏振单元的偏振器的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中线偏振态和圆偏振态的示意图；
图10A为本申请实施例中包括四种偏振单元的偏振器阵列的示意图；
图10B为本申请实施例中包括两种偏振单元的偏振器阵列的示意图；
图10C为本申请实施例中包括三种偏振单元的偏振器阵列的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中电子设备的一个示例的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例中一种偏振可控方法的一个示例的步骤流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例中偏振器阵列的一个应用场景示意图；
图14为本申请实施例中偏振器阵列的另一个应用场景示意图；
图15为本申请实施例中电子设备操作的一个示例的场景示意图；
图16为本申请实施例中偏振成像的一个应用场景示意图；
图17为本申请实施例中偏振成像的另一个应用场景示意图；
图18为本申请实施例中电子设备操作的另一个示例的场景示意图；
图19为本申请实施例中偏振成像的另一个应用场景示意图；
图20为本申请实施例中偏振器阵列的另一个应用场景的示意图；
图21为本申请实施例中偏振器阵列的另一个应用场景的示意图；
图22为本申请实施例中偏振器阵列的另一个应用场景的示意图；
图23为本申请实施例中一种装置的一个示例的结构示意图；
图24为本申请实施例中一种装置的另一个示例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中出现的术语“和/或”，可以是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或模块，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。
一种偏振可控的偏振器，该偏振器包括多种同平面排列的偏振单元。例如，偏振器可以包括2个，3个或4个偏振单元等。每个偏振单元都包括层叠的液晶盒，层叠的液晶盒包括第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒，第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均包括用于定向液晶层的双层配向膜。双层配向膜中的每层配向膜连接有电极。也就是说，每个液晶盒都具有独立的电极，同一个偏振单元的两个液晶盒的电极可以独立的进行“开”或“关”控制。第一液晶盒的配向膜取向和第二液晶盒的配向膜取向接近垂直。多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒的配向膜取向互不相同。本实施例中可以独立对每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒分别的“开”或“关”控制，通过该偏振器可以得到多个不同方向的偏振光，该偏振光中携带偏振信息，该偏振信息可以用于偏振成像。本申请实施例中的偏振器应用场景广泛，可以应用于各类电子设备的光学镜头，直接设置于光学镜头前，通过该偏振器产生偏振光，不会影响光学镜头的分辨率，并且生产成本较低。
为了方便理解，首先对本申请中涉及的词语进行说明。
偏振态：光波的电场矢量在一个周期振动过程中会描绘出一个椭圆形，这个椭圆形表示了光波的偏振态，当电场矢量的x、y分量相位完全相同时，该椭圆退化为一条直线段，称为线偏振，当x、y分量相位相差90°时，椭圆退化为圆形，称为圆偏振。本申请中通过该偏振器获得的偏振光可以包括不同方向的线偏振光。
向列相液晶(nematie)：也称N相液晶，是由几何长度和宽度较大的棒状分子所组成的，按一维有序排列成层状结构，在分子长轴方向上分子之间保持近乎平行。
近晶型液晶：近晶型结构规整性与晶相最为接近，这类液晶中棒状分子平行排列成层状结构，分子轴垂直于层面，棒状分子只能在层内活动。
二向色性染料：二向色性是指物质对光的吸收程度依赖于入射光的偏振态。二向色性染料具有线性二色性，当光波的电矢量与染料的光轴垂直时，光线基本全通过，当光波的 电矢量与染料的光轴平行时，光线基本上被吸收，这类染料称为正性二色性染料，反之称为负性二色性染料。本申请实施例中提及的染料为二向色性染料，该二向色性染料为正性二色性染料，还是负性二色性染料并不限定，本实施例中的涉及的二向色性染料可以以正性二色性染料为例进行说明。
宾主效应(guest-host，G-H)：把二向色性染料(称为宾体)溶解于特定的液晶(称为主体)中，如将二向色性染料溶解于液晶(如向列相液晶或近晶型液晶)中。一般地，长形染料分子的长轴将与液晶分子长轴方向平行排列。当用电场控制液晶分子偏转时，染料分子也发生同样的偏转。由于二向色性染料分子的长轴和短轴对光波的吸收具有各向异性，就可以通过电场来控制染料对光的吸收量，从而改变宾主液晶的颜色，这种电光效应就称为宾主效应。
配向膜：液晶层的两侧需要两层基板来固定液晶层，为了使液晶分子可以按照一定方向有序排列，在基板上，接触液晶的那一面涂覆有一层膜材料，膜材料表面具有多个预定方向的沟槽，多个沟槽平行设置，具有沟槽结构的膜材料为配向膜。配向膜提供液晶分子均匀排列的接口条件，配向膜的沟槽用于液晶依照预定的方向排列。该预定的方向就为配向膜的取向。
异面夹角：异面直线所成的角。在本申请中，在同一个偏振单元中，第一液晶盒的第一配向膜的取向和第二液晶盒的第二配向膜的取向呈异面夹角是指：第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒是层叠设置的，因此，第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒是异面的，第一配向膜的取向可以等效于一条直线，第二配向膜的取向可以等效于另一条直线，所述的异面夹角可以理解为这两条异面直线的夹角。
本申请实施例提供了一种偏振器，偏振器包括同平面排列的多种偏振单元。例如，该偏振单元的数量可以为2、3或4等等，具体的并不限定。多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元的结构相同，多种偏振单元的偏振方向不同。
请参阅图2所示，在一个示例中，该偏振器可以以包括2种偏振单元为例进行说明。2种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元201和第二偏振单元202。2种偏振单元的结构相同，下面首先对其中一个偏振单元201的结构进行说明。第二偏振单元202的结构参照第一偏振单元201的结构进行理解。
请参阅图3所示，第一偏振单元201包括层叠设置的第一液晶盒301和第二液晶盒302。每个液晶盒包括基板和配向膜，基板用于固定配向膜，配向膜用于对液晶层定向。其中，基板又包括基底和电极层(该电极层可以为透明电极层)，基底和配向膜之间设置电极层。为了区分同一个偏振单元中两个液晶盒中的基板和配向膜，将第一液晶盒301中的基板称为第一基板3011，第一液晶盒301中的配向膜称为第一配向膜3012。将第二液晶盒302中的基板称为第二基板3021，第二液晶盒302中的配向膜称为第二配向膜3022。可选的，一个偏振单元的边长可以为0.1mm-10mm。
上述中的层叠是指：第一液晶盒301和第二液晶盒302在不同的平面上，且第一液晶盒301和第二液晶盒302平行设置。第一液晶盒301与第二液晶盒302之间具有间隔空间。在光的入射方向上，光线可以先透过一个液晶盒(如第一液晶盒301)，然后再透过另一个 液晶盒(如第二液晶盒302)。该层叠可以为“上下”层叠，也可以是“左右”层叠，“上下”和“左右”为相对概念，两个液晶盒是“上下”层叠还是“左右”层叠可以取决于该偏振器的放置方向。本申请实施例中的层叠可以称为“上下”层叠，也可以称为“左右”层叠。本申请中以下所涉及的“双层”部件也可以以“上下”进行区分，或者以“左右”进行区分。例如，第一液晶盒301为左液晶盒(或上液晶盒)，第二液晶盒为右液晶盒(或下液晶盒)。本示例中，并不限定第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒的位置。例如，第一液晶盒301为左液晶盒，第二液晶盒302为右液晶盒，当然，第一液晶盒301也可以为右液晶盒，第二液晶盒302也可以为左液晶盒。本申请实施例中，该第一液晶盒301为左液晶盒，第二液晶盒302为右液晶盒为例进行说明。
具体的，首先，对第一液晶盒301的结构进行说明。
第一基板3011为双层基板，第一基板3011包括左基板和右基板。第一配向膜3012为双层配向膜，第一配向膜3012包括左配向膜和右配向膜。左基板上涂覆有左配向膜，右基板上涂覆有右配向膜，双层配向膜(左配向膜和右配向膜)中间为第一液晶层3013(如向列相液晶分子或近晶型液晶组成)。第一液晶层溶解有用于吸收光波的第一染料分子3014，左配向膜的取向和右配向膜的取向平行。
进一步的，第一基板3011包括第一基底30111和第一电极层30112。第一配向膜3012连接用于对第一液晶层3013施加外电压的第一电极层30112。具体的，左基板包括左基底和左透明电极层，左基底和左配向膜之间设置左透明电极层(如正极)。右基底和右配向膜之间设置右透明电极层(如负极)，左透明电极层和右透明电极层组成第一电极层30112。基底为刚性或者柔性的玻璃或高分子聚合物。
左透明电极层和右透明电极层可以通过开关与电源连接，从而可以为双层配向膜中间的第一液晶层3013施加外电场，使得液晶分子的排列状态发生改变。例如，透明电极层通过驱动器加电压，每个液晶盒可以单独驱动，两个液晶盒也可以同步驱动。
第二液晶盒302和第一液晶盒301的结构相同，第二液晶盒302的结构参阅上述第一液晶盒301的结构进行理解。第二液晶盒302包括第二基板3021和用于对第二液晶层定向的第二配向膜3022。第二基板3021包括第二基底30211和第二电极层30212。第二配向膜3022连接有用于对所述第二液晶层3023施加外电压的第二电极层30212。第二液晶层3023溶解有用于吸收光波的第二染料分子3024。染料分子(第一染料分子和第二染料分子)对一定波段的电磁波呈高吸收效果。可选的，染料分子吸收波段处于250-1200nm范围内，吸收波段在250-1200nm范围内，染料分子用于吸收红外光和可见光。可选的，吸收波段在380-780nm范围内，染料分子用于吸收可见光。本示例中，可以根据实际应用场景，选择不同吸收波段染料分子。
第一配向膜3012的取向和第二配向膜3022的取向呈异面夹角。异面夹角用于在第一液晶盒301和第二液晶盒302均未被施加外电压的情况下，入射光经过所述第一液晶盒301和所述第二液晶盒302后，入射光的透过率低于第一阈值。该异面夹角接近90°，例如，该异面夹角取值范围可以为[70°，90°]，该异面夹角可以为[70°，90°]中的任一数值。
多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元的结构与第一偏振单元的结构相同，多种偏振单元的不 同之处在于：多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元中的第一配向膜(或第二配向膜)的取向互不相同。例如，请参阅图2所示，第一偏振单元中第一配向膜的取向为0°，第二偏振单元中第一配向膜的取向为90°。或者说，第一偏振单元中的第二配向膜的取向为90°，第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向为0°。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，偏振器包括多种偏振单元，这里的“多种”与“多个”是具有区别的。其中，每种偏振单元中以第一液晶盒的第一配向膜的取向为例，一“种”偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向为一个方向。例如，一种偏振单元的第一配向膜取向(也可以以理解为偏振方向)为0°，另一种偏振单元的第一配向膜取向为90°。但是一种偏振单元的数量可以有一个或多个，即偏振方向为0°的偏振单元可以有1个或多个，偏振方向为90°的偏振单元可以有1个或多个。举个例子，偏振器包括2种偏振单元，例如，包括偏振方向为0°的偏振单元，和，偏振方向为90°的偏振单元，但是该偏振器可以包括4个偏振单元，其中，两个偏振单元为偏振方向为0°的偏振单元，两个偏振单元为偏振方向为90°的偏振单元。
下面以一个偏振单元为例，对第一液晶盒和/或第二液晶盒施加外电压，偏振单元所呈现的状态进行说明。
请参阅图4所示，偏振单元的关态：第一液晶盒41和第二液晶盒42均不施加外电压，即第一液晶盒41的透明电极层与电源呈断开状态，第二液晶盒42的透明电极层与电源呈断开状态。
液晶分子和染料分子均为椭球形状，由此，液晶分子和染料分子都具有长轴和短轴，液晶分子的取向为液晶分子的长轴方向，染料分子的取向为染料分子的长轴方向。
第一液晶盒41在不施加外电压的情况下，第一液晶盒41中液晶分子长轴方向与第一配向膜的取向相同，即第一个液晶盒中液晶分子的长轴方向为平行于纸面且沿上下方向。
第二液晶盒42在不施加外电压的情况下，第二液晶盒42中液晶分子长轴方向与第二配向膜的取向相同，即第二个液晶盒中液晶分子的长轴方向为垂直于纸面方向。
入射光40包括第一方向光401和第二方向光402。其中，第一方向光401：电矢量振动方向为平行于纸面且沿上下方向的光。第二方向光402：电矢量振动方向为垂直于纸面的光。
当入射光40入射到第一液晶盒41，染料分子为二向色性染料，且液晶分子及染料分子的取向与第一方向光401的电矢量振动方向平行，故第一方向光401将被第一液晶盒41中的染料分子吸收。而第二方向光402的电矢量振动方向与第一液晶盒41中的染料分子的长轴方向垂直，故第二方向光402不能被染料分子吸收，第二方向光402可以直接透过第一液晶盒41。由此，第一次出射光(透过一层液晶盒的出射光)中只剩下第二方向光，另一个方向的光(第一方向光)已经被第一个液晶盒的染料吸收。
当第二方向光402入射到第二液晶盒42时，第二液晶盒42中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向与第二方向光402的电矢量振动方向平行，第二液晶盒42中的染料分子会吸收第二方向光402，最终，第二次出射光(透过两层液晶盒的出射光)的光能量为0，此时，偏振单元的光透过率低于第一阈值，偏振单元呈遮光状态。
请参阅图5所示，偏振单元的开态：第一液晶盒51和第二液晶盒52均施加外电压，即第一液晶盒51的透明电极层与电源呈导通状态，第二液晶盒52的透明电极层与电源也呈导通状态。
在电场驱动下，液晶分子的排列会与电场方向平行，液晶分子的长轴方向会与电场方向平行，故第一液晶盒51中的液晶分子的长轴方向会发生偏转，由于染料分子和液晶分子的宾主效应，染料分子跟随着液晶分子偏转，染料分子长轴与液晶分子始终保持长轴平行。液晶分子和染料分子的取向为平行于纸面且垂直于基板，第二液晶盒52中的液晶分子和染料分子的取向也为平行于纸面且垂直于基板。
入射光50包括第一方向光501和第二方向光502。其中，第一方向光501为：电矢量振动方向为平行于纸面且沿上下方向的光。第二方向光502为：电矢量振动方向为垂直于纸面的光。
当入射光50入射到第一液晶盒51时，入射光50中两种振动方向的光均与第一液晶盒51中染料分子的长轴垂直，故第一方向光501和第二方向光502均不被染料分子吸收，直接通过第一液晶盒51，即第一次出射光中同样包含第一方向光501和第二方向光502。
当第一次出射光入射到第二液晶盒52时，第一方向光501和第二方向光502均与第二液晶盒52中染料分子的长轴垂直，故第一方向光501和第二方向光502同样不被吸收，直接透过第二液晶盒52，从第二液晶盒52透射出的第二次出射光同样包含两种振动方向的光(第一方向光501和第二方向光502)。此时，偏振单元的光透过率高于第二阈值，呈透光状态。
请参阅图6A和6B所示，偏振单元的半开态：第一液晶盒或第二液晶盒施加外电压。
如，参阅6A所示，第一液晶盒不施加外电压，而第二液晶盒施加外电压。
第一液晶盒61在不施加外电压的情况下，第一液晶盒61中液晶分子长轴方向与第一配向膜的取向相同，即第一液晶盒61中液晶分子的长轴方向为平行于纸面且沿上下方向。
入射光60包括第一方向光601和第二方向光602。其中，第一方向光601为：电矢量振动方向为平行于纸面且沿上下方向的光。第二方向光602为：电矢量振动方向为垂直于纸面的光。
当入射光60入射到第一液晶盒61，染料分子为二向色性染料，且液晶分子及染料分子的取向与第一方向光601的电矢量振动方向平行，故第一方向光601将被第一液晶盒61中的染料分子吸收。第一次出射光中包含没有被染料分子吸收的第二方向光602。
第二液晶盒62在施加外电压的情况下，在电场驱动下，液晶分子的排列会与电场方向平行，液晶分子的长轴方向会与电场方向平行，故第二液晶盒62中的液晶分子的长轴方向会发生偏转，由于染料分子和液晶分子的宾主效应，染料分子跟随着液晶分子偏转，染料分子长轴与液晶分子长轴始终保持平行。第二液晶盒62中的液晶分子和染料分子的取向也为平行于纸面且垂直于基板。
当第一次出射光入射到第二液晶盒62时，第二方向光602与第二液晶盒62中染料分子的长轴垂直，故第二方向光602不会被染料分子吸收，直接透过第二液晶盒62，第二次出射光仅包括第二方向光602。该第二方向光602的偏振方向与第二液晶盒62中第二配向 膜的取向相同。例如，若该第二配向膜的取向为90°，则第二次出射光的偏振方向为90°。
又如，参阅6B所示，第一液晶盒61施加外电压，而第二液晶盒62不施加外电压。
第一液晶盒61在施加外电压的情况下，第一液晶盒61中的液晶分子的长轴方向会发生偏转。第一液晶盒61中的液晶分子和染料分子的取向平行于纸面且垂直于基板。
当入射光60入射到第一液晶盒61，第一方向光601和第二方向光602均与第一液晶盒61中染料分子的长轴垂直，故第一方向光601和第二方向光602均不会被染料分子吸收，直接透过第一液晶盒61。第一次出射光包括第一方向光601和第二方向光602。
当第一次出射光入射到第二液晶盒62时，第二方向光602与第二液晶盒62中染料分子的长轴平行，故第二方向光602被染料分子吸收。第一方向光601与第二液晶盒62中染料分子的长轴垂直，故第一方向光601不会被染料分子吸收，第一方向光601可以直接透过第二液晶盒62。第二次出射光仅包括第一方向光602。该第一方向光601的偏振方向与第一液晶盒61中第一配向膜的取向相同。例如，若第一配向膜的取向为0°，则第二次出射光的偏振方向为0°。
本申请中，每种偏振单元包括层叠设置的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒，每个液晶盒可以单独驱动，使得偏振单元处于不同的状态(如开态、关态或半开态)。当一种偏振单元处于半开态，可以得到与第一配向膜(或第二配向膜)取向方向的偏振光，偏振器包括多种偏振单元，多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向互不相同，当偏振单元处于半开态时，可以得到多个不同方向的偏振光，以图2为例，可以得到2个方向的偏振光，即0°方向的偏振光和90°方向的偏振光。
并且，当偏振器中每种偏振单元都处于关态时，还可以起到光衰减的作用，即同一种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和第二配向膜的取向接近垂直，且第一液晶层和第二液晶层都呈高吸收态，从而使得光透过率低于第一阈值，偏振器几乎不透光，起到遮光的作用。当偏振器中每种偏振单元都处于开态时，偏振器的光透过率高于第二阈值，偏振器起到透光的作用。本申请中，该偏振器即可以得到不同方向的偏振光，又可以实现光衰减作用，在一个器件上可以集成不同的功能，可以极大的节省成本，并且应用场景广泛。
请参阅图7所示，偏振器以包括四种偏振单元为例进行说明。偏振器包括第一偏振单元701、第二偏振单元702、第三偏振单元703和第四偏振单元704。其中，第一偏振单元701中的第一配向膜的取向与第二偏振单元702中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，第二偏振单元702中的第一配向膜的取向与第三偏振单元703中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度，第三偏振单元703中的第一配向膜的取向和第四偏振单元704中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第三角度。其中，所述第一角度、所述第二角度和第三角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。第一角度和第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°,60°]，第一角度和第二角度的取值可以为[30°,60°]中的任一数值。该第一角度、第二角度和第三角度可以相同，也可以不同，具体的并不限定。为了方便说明，本示例中，以第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均相同举例说明。例如，第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为30°。或者，第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为45°。或者，第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为55°等。此处仅是对第一角度、第二角度和第三角度进行示例性举例，并非限定。
如，当第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为30°时，该偏振器包括的四种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、30°、60°、90°。
又如，当第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为45°时，该偏振器包括的四种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、45°、90°、135°。
再如，当第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为55°时，该偏振器包括的四种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、55°、110°、165°。
可选的，请参阅图8所示，偏振器以包括三种偏振单元为例。偏振器包括第一偏振单元801、第二偏振单元802、第三偏振单元803。其中，第一偏振单元801中的第一配向膜的取向与第二偏振单元802中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，第二偏振单元802中的第一配向膜的取向与第三偏振单元803中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度，第一角度和所述第二角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。第一角度和第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°,80°]，第一角度和第二角度均可以为[30°,80°]中的任一数值。为了方便说明，本示例中，以第一角度和第二角度均相同举例说明。例如，第一角度和第二角度均为40°。或者，第一角度和第二角度均为45°。或者，第一角度和第二角度均为60°等。
如，当第一角度和第二角度为40°时，该偏振器包括的三种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、40°、80°。
又如，当第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为45°时，该偏振器包括的三种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、45°、90°。
再如，当第一角度、第二角度和第三角度均为60°时，该偏振器包括的三种偏振单元的偏振方向可以为：0°、60°、120°。
请参阅9所示，可选的，当偏振单元的数量大于或者等于3个时，多种偏振单元中任一种偏振单元的第一面设置有消色差四分之一波片。本示例中，以偏振器包括四种偏振单元为例，得到四象限偏振分布。光从偏振单元的第二面入射，第一面和第二面为相对面。在某一种偏振单元的第一面放置四分之一波片则可以进一步获得圆偏振光。本示例中，可以通过增加四分之一波片，透过偏振器的出射光增加圆偏振态，从而增加了偏振成像的应用场景。
请参阅图10A所示，本实施例提供了一种偏振器阵列，该偏振器阵列包括同平面排列的多个偏振器，该偏振器包括图7所示的4种偏振单元。其中，偏振器阵列包含的偏振器的数量可以根据电子设备的光学镜片的尺寸进行调整，该偏振器阵列中包含的偏振器的数量具体不限定。请参阅图10B所示，该偏振器阵列包括同平面排列的多个偏振器，该偏振器包括图8所示的3种偏振单元。请参阅图10C所示，该偏振器阵列包括同平面排列的多个偏振器，该偏振器包括图2所示的2种偏振单元。
请参阅图11所示，偏振器阵列可以应用于电子设备，电子设备包括光学镜片1101、驱动器及偏振器阵列1102，偏振器阵列和光学镜片沿着光的入射方向依次设置。偏振器阵列1102中每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与驱动器连接，该开关可以为像素化的电极(如薄膜晶体管(thin film transistor，TFT))。驱动器1103与主控芯片1104连接，驱动器可用于为偏振器阵列提供电源。其中，主控芯片用于向驱动器发送 控制信号，驱动器根据控制信号控制对每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和/或第二液晶盒施加电压。该电子设备可以为手机、平板电脑(Pad)、笔记本电脑、监控镜头等包括摄像头的电子产品，该偏振器阵列可以叠加在摄像头上使用。该偏振器阵列也可以应用于虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备等包括光学镜片的电子设备。
下面对一种偏振可控方法进行说明。
本申请中，通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态。
首先，对偏振器阵列的几种状态进行说明。
偏振器阵列的第一状态：偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态。当所述偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，所述偏振器阵列用于对入射光进行偏振，可以得到多个不同方向的偏振光。
偏振器阵列的第二状态：每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源均为断开状态，即每种偏振单元为关态。当偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，透过偏振器阵列的出射光的光透过率低于第一阈值，偏振器阵列起到遮光的作用。
偏振器阵列的第三状态：每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与电源均为导通状态，即每种偏振单元为开态。当偏振器阵列处于第三状态时，透过偏振器阵列的光透过率高于第二阈值，偏振器阵列起到透光的作用。
偏振器阵列的第四状态：分区控制偏振器阵列。偏振器阵列包括第一区域和第二区域。偏振器阵列中第一区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态。偏振器阵列中第二区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态。使偏振器阵列处于第四状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于第四状态时，第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，即第二区域用于遮光。第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值，第一区域用于透光。需要说明的是，第一区域可以为连续的区域，也可以为不连续的区域，第二区域可以为连续的区域，也可以为不连续的区域。
本申请实施例中，电子设备的摄像头前方(光入射方向上)设置偏振器阵列，通过控制偏振器阵列的不同状态，即可以使得电子设备在隐藏摄像头、显露摄像头(正常拍照)、偏振成像不同状态之间切换，响应速度快。并且本申请中的偏振器中的偏振单元采用层叠设置的液晶盒结构，性能稳定寿命长，而且成本也较为低廉。偏振单元为开态时(两个液晶盒都通电时)，光透过率高。偏振单元为关态时(两个液晶盒都断电时)，通过两个相互垂直的偏振方向的偏振光叠加实现低透光，遮光效果好，来实现对摄像头的隐藏。偏振器阵列结构简单、适合大面积应用。液晶工艺成熟、无需订制探测器、无固定起偏器，生产成本低。下面结合应用场景对本申请中的一种偏振可控的方法进行说明。
在第一个应用场景中，电子设备以手机为例。本示例中，该偏振器阵列以包括4种偏振单元为例。请参阅图12所示，一种偏振可控的方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤1201、当摄像头未被使用时，控制偏振器阵列处于第二状态。
请参阅图13所示，偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，偏振器阵列的光透过率很低，偏振器 阵列起到光衰减的作用，且偏振器阵列中的染料分子的光吸收波段处于250-1200nm范围内，吸收红外光和可见光，该偏振器阵列几乎呈现黑色，可以起到视觉上隐藏摄像头的效果，该偏振器阵列等效于遮光板。在实际生产中，可以根据手机外壳的颜色选择不同的染料分子，从而使得偏振器阵列处于第二状态时，摄像头的区域与手机外壳颜色相近，在视觉上隐藏摄像头，提升手机的美观度。
步骤1202、当用户需要使用摄像头时，控制偏振器阵列处于第三状态。
手机通过显示屏接收用户输入的第二操作，所述第二操作用于触发使用所述摄像头。手机根据第二操作，控制偏振器阵列处第三状态。该第二操作为用户点击拍照，或摄像等功能键的操作，或者该第二操作也可以为语音控制操作。
请参阅图14所示，手机控制偏振器阵列中每种偏振单元处于开态，此时，偏振器阵列的透光率高于第二阈值，入射光可以透过偏振器阵列入射到摄像头。用户视觉上，偏振器阵列为透明，用户可以看到隐藏于偏振器阵列一侧的镜头。光线可以入射到摄像头。此时，用户可以进行拍照或摄像等使用摄像头的操作，例如，摄像头采集场景图像，用户通过屏幕也可以看到预览图像等。
步骤1203、当开启偏振成像功能时，控制所述偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于第一状态。
其中，透过一种所述偏振单元的出射光为一个方向的偏振光，所述偏振器阵列用于对入射光进行偏振，可以得到多个不同方向的偏振光。半开态为：同一个所述偏振单元的第一液晶盒的电极层与所述电源为导通状态，第二液晶盒的电极层与电源为断开状态。或者，第一液晶盒的电极层与电源为断开状态，第二液晶盒的电极层与电源为导通状态。
开启偏振成像功能的触发条件包括：
1、用户主动触发的方式：手机接收用户输入的第一操作，第一操作用于触发所述电子设备开启偏振成像功能。请参阅图15所示，例如，第一操作为点击操作，滑动操作等，如用户在预览图像状态下，点击屏幕的偏振成像(如去雾，增强，美化等)功能键，触发开启偏振成像功能。本示例中，通过用户的操作，来开启偏振成像功能，从而控制偏振器阵列处于第一状态，该装置通过接收用户的第一操作来控制偏振器阵列的状态，提供了一种控制偏振器阵列的状态的触发方式，可以根据用户的需求控制偏振器阵列的状态。
2、电子设备自动触发方式：手机采集当前的预览图像，获取预览图像的图像特征，然后根据图像特征触发所述电子设备开启偏振成像功能。例如，手机采集预览图像，获取预览图像的图像特征。例如，雾霾影响比较明显的地方之一是远处图物体的边缘，如图像中远处的树木的边缘和山的轮廓就会变得模糊，这样可以提取预览图像中轮廓特征，通过轮廓特征判别是否需要进行去雾处理。当手机判别当前预览图像需要进行去雾处理时，则自动触发开启偏振成像(如去雾)功能。无需用户参与，节省用户的操作步骤，提高用户体验。
请参阅图16所示，当开启偏振成像功能时，控制偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态。并且分时获取不同方向的偏振光，通过获取到的不同方向的偏振光进行偏振成像。该偏振成像包括但不限于去雾、去噪、3D形貌等。
需要说明的是，当不需要启动摄像头功能时，可以不执行步骤1202和步骤1203，即偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态，起到隐藏摄像头的作用。当用户触发启动摄像头的功能时，仅需要正常拍照或摄像，不需要偏振成像，则可以不执行步骤1203。当已经启动了摄像头，摄像头处于待拍照状态，则可以直接执行步骤1203，不执行步骤1201和步骤1202。
示例性的，本示例中偏振成像的方法以去雾场景举例说明。
第一个示例中，偏振器阵列包含四种偏振单元，四种偏振方向分别为0°、45°、90°、135°。这四种偏振单元在不同时刻分别起作用，通过摄像头采集到四种偏振方向的光。例如步骤如下：第一时刻，控制所有第一偏振单元(偏振方向为0°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他三种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第一图像。第二时刻，控制所有第二偏振单元(偏振方向为45°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他三种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第二图像。第三时刻，控制所有第三偏振单元(偏振方向为90°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他三种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第三图像。第四时刻，控制所有第四偏振单元(偏振方向为135°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他三种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第四图像。最终得到四种偏振方向下采集的场景信息，进行图像处理。
基于斯托克斯矢量的偏振去雾技术，摄像头采集不同偏振方向的图像信息，主控芯片根据不同方向的偏振图像获得偏振度信息和偏振角信息，进一步根据偏振度信息和偏振角信息对图像进行去雾处理。
首先，采集到偏振方向分别为0°，45°，90°和135°的4幅图像，分别记作I(0)、I(45)、I(90)和I(135)，则斯托克斯矢量可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000001
其中，S 0为场景中的总光强，即I；S 1是水平方向和垂直方向的强度差；S 2是45°和135°方向的强度差。根据上述式(1)可以得到偏振度p和偏振角θ如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000003
根据式(3)计算图像每一像素点的偏振角值，选择出现概率最大的偏振角值作为大气光偏振角θ A。从满足大气光偏振角的像素中计算偏振度，选取最大值为大气光偏振度P A。
然后，获得大气光强偏振部分A p。
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000004
进而，可以根据A＝A p/P A，得到各像素点的大气光强。
并且，根据P和θ估算出无穷远处大气光强，根据斯托克斯矢量估算出的大气光强和无穷远处大气光强，最终可以得到去雾图像。
需要说明的是，以上仅是以去雾算法为例进行说明，本示例中，通过获取到的四个方 向的偏振图像通过选择不同的算法，可以进行不同效果的偏振成像。例如，根据四个方向的偏振图像也可以进行目标探测，分类等图像增强。
在第二个示例中，请参阅图17所示，该偏振器阵列包括2种偏振单元(如图10B所示)，本示例中与第一个场景示例的不同之处在于：偏振器阵列中偏振单元的种类数量不同，本示例中的偏振阵列包括2种偏振单元(第一偏振单元和第二偏振单元)，2种偏振方向分别为0°和90°。这2种单元在不同时刻分别起作用，通过摄像头采集到2种偏振方向的光。例如，第一时刻，控制所有第一偏振单元(偏振方向为0°的偏振单元)处于半开态，第二偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第一图像。第二时刻，控制所有第二偏振单元(偏振方向为90°的偏振单元)处于半开态，第一偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第二图像，即得到2幅正交方向的偏振图像。该两个方向的偏振图像用于偏振成像。例如，可以对目标分类(或识别)，目标的偏振特征信息能够反映目标的材质、粗糙度、形状等信息，利用偏振成像可以增强目标与背景的对比度，实现目标检测或目标增强的目的。对于处于自然处于自然环境中的人造物体，因光滑的人造物体对偏振光的消偏作用没有自然界的粗糙物体大，因此偏振成像探测技术能够较好的识别出自然背景中的人造目标，适用于复杂背景下的人造目标(例如，识别汽车和人物)的识别。
本示例中，简化了偏振器阵列中偏振单元的配向膜取向，通过该偏振器阵列可以得到两个正交方向的偏振图像。改善了断电状态下的液晶分布方向均匀性，从而使得偏振成像效果更佳，但是同时，由于方向只有两个，只能利用差分方法计算偏振度，无法计算偏振角，因此应用场景中可能会受限，可以应用到只需要偏振度的偏振成像场景中。
为了扩展应用场景，可以通过用户的手动旋转操作找到合适的拍摄角度，这需要拍摄时旋转电子设备、通过多次拍摄来实现。例如，请参阅图18所示，用户在进行拍照时，在同一个平面内旋转手机，等效于在同一个平面内旋转偏振器阵列，可以获取其他方向的偏振图像。示例性的，在第三时刻，第一偏振单元处于半开态，第二偏振单元处于关态。或者，第二偏振单元处于半开态，第一偏振单元处于关态。用户旋转手机，手机检测当前位置获取到的偏振光的偏振方向，若当前获取到的偏振光的偏振方向满足预设值(例如，45°或60°等)，手机输出提示消息，例如，手机输出提示音，用户根据该提示音停止旋转手机，在手机所处的当前拍摄角度拍照。手机可以获取当前偏振方向的图像信息。同理，在第四时刻，可以通过旋转手机，手机确定一个合适的拍摄角度，之后输出提示音以提醒用户，当前手机所处的角度为合适的拍摄角度，手机接收用户输入的拍照操作，获取到另一个偏振方向的图像信息。然后，手机可以对采集到的多个偏振方向的图像进行预处理，包括将彩色图片二值化等，利用采集的多幅偏振图像求出斯托克斯参量(如S0，S1，S2)图，进一步计算求出偏振角和偏振度参量，得到目标的偏振特征信息，以实现对目标的探测(识别)等。
在第三个示例中，请参阅图19所示，该偏振器阵列包括3种偏振单元(如图10C所示)，本示例中与第一个场景示例的不同之处在于：偏振器阵列中偏振单元的种类数量不同，本示例中的偏振阵列包括三种偏振单元(第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元和第三偏振单元)，3种偏振方向分别为0°、60°和120°。分时拍摄至少3张不同线性偏振态的图片，即可计算出 透明物体表面反射的强度、偏振度、偏振角，从而测量出透明物体表面形貌(点云)，也可以用于去除玻璃橱窗的反光等。
例如，第一时刻，控制所有第一偏振单元(偏振方向为0°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他两种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第一图像；第二时刻，控制所有第二偏振单元(偏振方向为60°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他两种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第二图像；第三时刻，控制所有第三偏振单元(偏振方向为120°的偏振单元)处于半开态，其他两种偏振单元处于关态，摄像头采集第三图像。即可以获得3个方向(如0°，60°和120°)的偏振图像。
示例性的，通过三个方向的偏振图像得到3D形貌图像的方法如下：
假设在直角坐标系下光沿z轴传播，则该光波的斯托克斯参量Stokes矢量如下：
S＝[I Q U V]，式(5)
其中，I表示光强，Q表示x轴方向上与y轴方向上线偏振分量的光强差，U表示x-y平面内与x轴方向分别呈45°、135°夹角方向上的线偏振光分量的光强差，V表示左旋与右旋圆偏振光的光强差，在自然界中V往往很小，故V近似为0。偏振度p和偏振角θ表达式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021103014-appb-000006
故只需要求出Stokes矢量即可算出偏振度和偏振角。
假设偏振单元的偏振方向为α，则光束经过偏振单元后接收到的光强为：
I(α)＝(I+Qcos2α+Usin2α)，式(8)
三个α下采集的光强信息，即I(0°)，I(60°)，I(120°)可解出I、Q、U。进而可以根据式(6)得到偏振度，根据式(7)得到偏振角。
本示例中，利用偏振成像进行3D形貌检测，当电磁波从物体表面反射时，不同入射角会造成反射光的偏振态不同，从而通过检测偏振态参量(即偏振度和偏振角)，通过偏振度和偏振角可以计算出物体表面法线方向，通过各个点的法线方向可以获得点云，再利用点云重构算法拟合出物体的3D形貌。
本实施例中，第一个示例中，偏振器阵列包括4种偏振单元，通过该偏振器阵列可以得到4个偏振方向的偏振光，偏振成像的应用场景广泛。第二个示例中，偏振器阵列包括2种偏振单元，通过该偏振阵列可以得到2个方向的偏振光，偏振成像时只能获取2个方向的偏振光，简化了配向膜的设置方向，可使某一偏振方向，如0°偏振的光通量增大，减少分时偏振成像时的每帧曝光时间。第三个示例中，偏振器阵列包括3种偏振单元，通过该偏振阵列可以得到3个方向的偏振光，偏振成像时能获取3个方向的偏振光，相对于第一个示例，简化了配向膜的设置方向，可使某一偏振方向的光通量增大，减少分时偏振成像时的每帧曝光时间，相对于第二个示例，由于获取3个方向的偏振光，当利用偏振光进 行偏振成像时，应用场景增多。
在第四个示例中，请参阅图20所示，所述方法还可以包括：电子设备控制偏振器阵列处于第四状态。当偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，第一区域呈现光高透过率，即第一区域为透光区域。第二区域呈现光低透过率，即第二区域为遮光区域。此时，该偏振器阵列等效于孔径编码的编码掩膜板，使一部分光线穿过，另一部分光线被屏蔽。编码掩模板中的第一区域和第二区域可以根据场景进行灵活控制。偏振器阵列可等效为一空域滤波器，用加入该偏振器阵列的相机拍摄的图像会在空域拥有更多的高频信息。编码孔径成像主要由编码和解码两个部分组成：编码端是将原始图像按照光学原理投影到偏振器阵列上，光线经透射穿过偏振器阵列，通过图像传感器采集投影图像，投影图像相互叠加形成了二维编码图像；在解码端，利用一系列滤波以及重建算法对二维编码图像进行处理，最终通过重构得到清晰图像。解码的作用就是为了提高图像空间分辨率进而提高成像系统性能。
本示例中，偏振器阵列可以进行灵活分区控制，使得偏振器阵列中一部分区域透光，一部分区域遮光，偏振器阵列等效于编码掩膜板，可以用于孔径编码成像，相对于传统的编码掩膜板，本示例中的偏振器阵列可以根据需要的场景灵活控制遮光区域及透光区域。
在第二个应用场景中，请参阅图21所示，电子设备以手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑等配置有前置摄像头的电子设备为例，本示例中，电子设备以笔记本电脑为例进行说明。
当摄像头未被使用时，偏振器阵列处于第二状态。偏振器阵列的光透过率很低，起到对摄像头的遮挡作用。
当电子设备接收到用户输入的触发使用摄像头的操作之后，电子设备控制偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态。即偏振器阵列呈高透过率状态。此时，入射光才能入射到摄像头，摄像头才能采集图像。
当前技术中，可能有种情况，当用户在使用电子设备时，在用户不知情的情况下，被应用程序(application，APP)调用摄像头，通过摄像头采集用户的图像信息，泄露用户隐私。而在本申请中，当偏振器阵列应用在电子设备的前置摄像头上时，当摄像头未被使用时，偏振器阵列处于第二状态。偏振器阵列的光透过率很低，起到对摄像头的遮挡作用。避免在用户不知情的情况下，被APP调用摄像头，而泄露用户隐私。当用户允许使用摄像头的情况下，即电子设备接收到用户输入的第二操作之后，该第二操作用于触发使用摄像头，用户允许使用摄像头，电子设备控制偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态，该入射光才能入射到摄像头，摄像头才能正常采集图像。需要说明的是，本示例中的第二操作可以是通过显示屏接收到的点击操作，滑动屏幕操作，语音操作等，或者也可以是用户的授权操作。
例如，在一个应用场景中，用户在使用笔记本电脑，若当用户使用某个APP时，在用户不知情的情况下，APP调用前置摄像头，此时，偏振器阵列起到对摄像头的遮挡作用，不会泄露用户的隐私。当用户使用某个APP时，若APP提示用户是否使用摄像头，用户可以进行第二操作，当用于点击“是”的操作，电子设备控制偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态。或者，当用户使用某个APP时，需要使用该APP调用摄像头时，例如，视频功能，拍照功能时，用户可以主动输入第二操作，开启摄像头，电子设备控制偏振器阵列处于第三状态，此时，才可以正常使用摄像头，通过摄像头采集图像信息。或者，在另一个场景中，当APP 调用摄像头时，触发开启摄像头，电子设备检测到开启摄像头的操作后，控制偏振器阵列为第三状态，此时，偏振器阵列透光，用户视觉上可以直观的判断出摄像头在拍摄，即当前有APP通过非法操作后台开启摄像头进行拍摄，此时，用户可以检查是哪些APP进行非法操作，进而进行处理，例如卸载APP或者更改APP设置等，避免泄露用户隐私。
在第三个应用场景中，该电子设备可以为混合现实(mixed reality，MR)眼镜。上述图10A-10C的偏振器阵列也可以应用在MR眼镜的光学镜片上，可以实现虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)眼镜和增强现实(augmented reality，AR)眼镜之间的切换。
请参阅图22所示，AR眼镜的光学镜片是透光的，VR眼镜的光学镜片是不透光的。本示例中，可以通过控制偏振器阵列的状态，来实现眼镜是否遮光。例如，控制偏振器阵列处于第二状态，即眼镜处于不透光状态，此时，该眼镜切换为VR眼镜。控制偏振器阵列处于第三状态，此时，即眼镜处于透光状态，此时，该眼镜切换为AR眼镜。
在该应用场景中，可以通过控制对偏振器阵列的状态，来控制偏振器阵列在遮光和透光之间切换，从而可以实现AR眼镜和VR眼镜之间的切换。
在第四个应用场景中，该偏振器阵列也可以设置于车灯前，可以实现车灯智能遮光，起到对来车驾驶员防眩作用。
示例性的，可以通过摄像头采集路面信息，然后将路面信息传输到主控芯片，主控芯片对路面信息进行处理分析。例如，当检测到有汽车迎面驶来，或者前方有路标，或其他反射光的物体时，主控芯片会向驱动芯片发送控制信号，驱动芯片控制偏振器阵列中哪些偏振单元透光(即处于开态)，哪些偏振单元不通光(即处于关态)，从而动态调整发射出的光线，使驾驶员眼镜处于舒服状态，还可起到对来车驾驶员防眩作用。本示例中的偏振器阵列采用成熟的液晶技术，控制简单，并且成本低。
请参阅图23所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种偏振控制装置，该偏振控制装置2300包括光学镜片2301、电源2302及偏振器阵列2303，偏振器阵列2303中每个偏振单元中的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与电源2302连接，偏振器阵列2303和光学镜片2301沿着光的入射方向依次设置；偏振控制装置还包括控制模块2304；
控制模块2304，用于通过控制每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源2302的通断状态，来控制偏振器阵列2303的状态；其中，偏振器阵列2303的状态包括第一状态，当偏振器阵列2303处于第一状态时，偏振器阵列2303用于对入射到光学镜片2301的光进行偏振，得到多个不同方向的偏振光。
可选的，控制模块2304还用于：控制偏振器阵列2303中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使偏振器阵列2303处于第一状态；其中，一种偏振单元的出射光为偏振光，偏振光为一个方向；半开态为：同一个偏振单元的第一液晶盒的电极层与电源2302为导通状态，第二液晶盒的电极层与电源2302为断开状态。
可选的，偏振控制装置还包括接收模块2307；
接收模块2307，用于接收用户输入的第一操作，第一操作用于触发偏振控制装置开启偏振成像功能。
可选的，偏振控制装置还包括图像采集模块2305和处理模块2306；
图像采集模块2305，用于采集预览图像；
处理模块2306，用于提取图像采集模块2305采集的预览图像的图像特征；根据图像特征开启偏振成像功能。
可选的，图像采集模块2305，还用于当偏振器阵列2303处于第一状态时，采集目标对象的多个偏振方向的图像信息；
处理模块2306，还用于根据图像采集模块2305采集的多个偏振方向的图像信息生成偏振图像。
可选的，控制模块2304，还用于控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源2302均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列2303处于第二状态；当偏振器阵列2303处于第二状态时，偏振器阵列2303的光透过率低于第一阈值。
可选的，控制模块2304，还用于控制每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与电源2302均为导通状态，以使偏振器阵列2303处于第三状态；当偏振器阵列2303处于第三状态时，偏振器阵列2303的光透过率高于第二阈值。
可选的，控制模块2304还用于控制偏振器阵列2303中第一区域内所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源2302均为导通状态，且控制偏振器阵列2303中第二区域内所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源2302均为断开状态，以使偏振器阵列2303处于第四状态，当偏振器阵列2303处于第四状态时，第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值。
可选的，该装置包括摄像头2308，摄像头2308包括光学镜片2301，偏振控制装置还包括接收模块2307；
接收模块2307，用于接收用户输入的第二操作，第二操作用于触发使用摄像头；
控制模块2304，还用于根据接收模块2307接收的第二操作，控制偏振器阵列2303处于第三状态。
在一种可能的设计中，本示例中的电源2302为图11中驱动器的电源模块。本示例中的控制模块2304的功能由图11中驱动器来执行。本示例中控制模块2304的功能和接收模块2307的功能由图11中主控芯片来执行。
本申请实施例还提供了一种偏振控制装置，该偏振控制装置2400可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、监控镜头等包括摄像头的电子设备，或该装置可以为包括光学镜片的电子设备，如MR眼镜。示例性的，该电子设备以手机为例。
参考图24，手机包括：存储器2420、输入单元2430、显示单元2440、摄像头2450、音频电路2460、处理器2480、电源2490及偏振器阵列2470等部件。
下面结合图24对手机的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
存储器2420可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器2480通过运行存储在存储器2420的软件程序以及模块，从而执行手机的各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器2420可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。
输入单元2430可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与手机的用户设置以及功 能控制有关的键信号输入。具体地，输入单元2430可包括触控面板2431。触控面板2431，也称为触摸屏，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作(比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触控面板2431上或在触控面板2431附近的操作)，如，可以通过输入单元2430接收用户输入的第一操作和第二操作。该第一操作为用于触发所述电子设备开启偏振成像功能，例如，第一操作为点击操作，滑动操作等，如用户在预览图像状态下，点击屏幕的偏振成像(如去雾，增强，美化等)功能键，触发开启偏振成像功能。该第二操作为用于触发使用摄像头，第二操作可以是通过显示屏接收到的点击操作，滑动屏幕操作等。
显示单元2440可用于显示各种图像信息，例如偏振成像的图像信息及预览图像。显示单元2440可包括显示面板2441，可选的，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板2441。在某些实施例中，可以将触控面板2431与显示面板2441集成而实现手机的输入和输出功能。
摄像头2450，包括光学镜片2451，偏振器阵列2470及光学镜片2451沿着光的入射方向设置。摄像头2450可以通过偏振器阵列2470采集多个偏振方向的偏振图像。
手机还包括给各个部件供电的电源2490(比如电池)，该电源2490可以为摄像头2450的驱动器2452供电，偏振器阵列2470通过开关与驱动器2452连接。
处理器2480是手机的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器2420内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器2420内的数据，执行手机的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器2480可包括一个或多个处理单元；
本申请中，处理器2480用于通过控制每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列2470的状态。
其中，偏振器阵列2470的第一状态：偏振器阵列2470中的多种偏振单元呈半开态。当所述偏振器阵列2470处于第一状态时，所述偏振器阵列2470用于对入射光进行偏振，可以得到多个不同方向的偏振光。处理器2480可以根据不同方向的偏振图像确定偏振度信息和偏振角信息，进一步根据偏振度信息和偏振角信息对图像进行去雾处理，3D形貌或去噪等。
偏振器阵列2470的第二状态：每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源均为断开状态，即每种偏振单元为关态。当偏振器阵列2470处于第二状态时，透过偏振器阵列2470的出射光的光透过率低于第一阈值，偏振器阵列2470起到遮光的作用。
偏振器阵列2470的第三状态：每种偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与电源均为导通状态，即每种偏振单元为开态。当偏振器阵列2470处于第三状态时，透过偏振器阵列2470的光透过率高于第二阈值，偏振器阵列2470起到透光的作用。
偏振器阵列2470的第四状态：分区控制偏振器阵列2470。偏振器阵列2470包括第一区域和第二区域。偏振器阵列2470中第一区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态。偏振器阵列2470中第二区域内的所有偏振单元的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态。使偏振器阵列2470处于第四状态，当所述偏振器阵列2470处于第四状态时，第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，即第二区域 用于遮光。第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值，第一区域用于透光。
音频电路2460，包括扬声器2461和传声器2462，音频电路2460可提供用户与手机之间的音频接口。
在一种可能的设计方式中，图23中的接收模块2307的功能可以由本示例中的输入单元2430执行，图23中的控制模块2304和处理模块2306的功能可以由本示例中的处理器2480执行，图23中图像采集模块2305可以由本示例中的摄像头2450执行。
其中，上述任一处提到的处理器，可以是一个通用中央处理器(CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制上述第一方面无线通信方法的程序执行的集成电路。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述图12对应的方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述图12对应的方法实施例中的方法。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述 各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种偏振器，其特征在于，包括同平面排列的多种偏振单元，所述多种偏振单元中的每种偏振单元均包括层叠设置的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒；
    其中，所述第一液晶盒包括第一液晶层和第一配向膜，所述第一配向膜用于对所述第一液晶层定向，所述第一配向膜连接有用于对所述第一液晶层施加外电压的第一电极层；所述第二液晶盒包括第二液晶层和第二配向膜，所述第二配向膜用于对所述第二液晶层定向，所述第二配向膜连接有用于对所述第二液晶层施加外电压的第二电极层；所述第一液晶层和所述第二液晶层均包括用于吸收光波的染料分子；所述第一配向膜的取向和所述第二配向膜的取向呈异面夹角，所述异面夹角用于在第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒均未被施加外电压的情况下，入射光经过所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒后，所述入射光的透过率低于第一阈值；
    所述多种偏振单元中每种偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向互不相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述染料分子的光吸收波段的范围为：[250nm，1200nm]。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述异面夹角的取值范围为：[70°，90°]。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元和第二偏振单元；
    其中，所述第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和所述第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，所述第一角度为90度。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元和第三偏振单元；
    其中，所述第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与所述第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，所述第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与所述第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度，所述第一角度和所述第二角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述第一角度和所述第二角度的取值范围均为：[30°，80°]。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述多种偏振单元包括第一偏振单元、第二偏振单元，第三偏振单元和第四偏振单元；
    其中，所述第一偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与所述第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第一角度，所述第二偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向与所述第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜取向之间呈第二角度；所述第三偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向和所述第四偏振单元中的第一配向膜的取向之间呈第三角度，所述第一角度，所述第二角度和所述第三角度同为顺时针方向的角度或者同为逆时针方向的角度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的偏振器，其特征在于，所述第一角度、所述第二角度、所述第三角度的取值范围均为：[30°，60°]。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的偏振器，其特征在于，当所述偏振单元的数量大于或者等于3个时，多种所述偏振单元中任一种所述偏振单元的第一面设置有1/4波片，光从所述偏振单元的第二面入射，所述第一面和所述第二面为相对面。
  10. 一种偏振器阵列，其特征在于，包括同平面排列的多个如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的偏振器。
  11. 一种偏振可控方法，其特征在于，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括光学镜片、电源及如权利要求10所述的偏振器阵列，所述偏振器阵列中每个偏振单元中的第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与所述电源连接，所述偏振器阵列和所述光学镜片沿着光的入射方向依次设置；所述方法包括：
    通过控制每个所述偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态；其中，所述偏振器阵列的状态包括第一状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，所述偏振器阵列用于对入射到所述光学镜片的光进行偏振，得到多个不同方向的偏振光。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过控制每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态，包括：
    当开启偏振成像功能时，控制所述偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态；其中，所述半开态为：同一个所述偏振单元的所述第一液晶盒的电极层与所述电源为导通状态，所述第二液晶盒的电极层与所述电源为断开状态。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收用户输入的第一操作，所述第一操作用于触发所述电子设备开启偏振成像功能。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    采集预览图像；
    提取所述预览图像的图像特征；
    根据所述图像特征开启偏振成像功能。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态时，采集目标对象的多个偏振方向的图像信息；
    根据所述多个偏振方向的图像信息生成偏振图像。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第二状态；所述通过控制所述每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态，包括：
    控制每种偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源均为断开状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于所述第二状态；当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第二状态时，所述偏振器阵列的光透过率低于第一阈值。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第三状态；所述通过控制所述每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态，包括：
    控制每种偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与所述电源均为导通状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于第三状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态时，所述偏振器阵列的光透过率高于第二阈值。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述偏振可控装置包括摄像头，所述摄像头包括所述光学镜片，所述方法还包括：
    接收用户输入的第二操作，所述第二操作用于触发使用所述摄像头；
    根据所述第二操作，控制所述偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第四状态，所述偏振器阵列包括第一区域和第二区域；所述通过控制所述每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态，包括：
    控制所述第一区域内所有偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态，且控制所述第二区域内所有偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于第四状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于第四状态时，所述第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，所述第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值。
  20. 一种偏振控制装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括光学镜片、电源及如权利要求10所述的偏振器阵列，所述偏振器阵列中每个偏振单元中第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒各自的电极层通过开关与所述电源连接，所述偏振器阵列和所述光学镜片沿着光的入射方向依次设置；所述装置还包括控制模块；
    所述控制模块，用于通过控制所述每个偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源的通断状态，来控制所述偏振器阵列的状态；其中，所述偏振器阵列的状态包括第一状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于第一状态时，所述偏振器阵列用于对入射到所述光学镜片的光进行偏振，得到多个不同方向的偏振光。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于：
    控制所述偏振器阵列中的多种偏振单元呈半开态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态；其中，所述半开态为：同一个所述偏振单元的所述第一液晶盒的电极层与所述电源为导通状态，所述第二液晶盒的电极层与所述电源为断开状态。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括接收模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收用户输入的第一操作，所述第一操作用于触发所述装置开启偏振成像功能。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述偏振控制装置还包括图像采集模块和处理模块；
    所述图像采集模块，用于采集预览图像；
    所述处理模块，用于提取所述图像采集模块采集的预览图像的图像特征；根据所述图像特征开启偏振成像功能。
  24. 根据权利要求20-23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述偏振控制装置还包 括图像采集模块和处理模块；
    所述图像采集模块，还用于当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第一状态时，采集目标对象的多个偏振方向的图像信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述图像采集模块采集的所述多个偏振方向的图像信息生成偏振图像。
  25. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第二状态；
    所述控制模块，还用于控制每种偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层与所述电源均为断开状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于所述第二状态；当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第二状态时，所述偏振器阵列的光透过率低于第一阈值。
  26. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第三状态；
    所述控制模块，还用于控制每种偏振单元中所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自的电极层，与所述电源均为导通状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于第三状态；当所述偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态时，所述偏振器阵列的光透过率高于第二阈值。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括摄像头，所述摄像头包括所述光学镜片，所述装置还包括接收模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收用户输入的第二操作，所述第二操作用于触发使用所述摄像头；
    所述控制模块，还用于根据所述接收模块接收的所述第二操作，控制所述偏振器阵列处于所述第三状态。
  28. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述偏振器阵列的状态还包括第四状态；所述控制模块还用于控制所述偏振器阵列中第一区域内的所有偏振单元的所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为导通状态，且控制所述偏振器阵列中第二区域内的所有偏振单元的所述第一液晶盒和所述第二液晶盒各自电极层与电源均为断开状态，以使所述偏振器阵列处于第四状态，当所述偏振器阵列处于第四状态时，所述第二区域的光透过率低于第一阈值，所述第一区域的光透过率高于第二阈值。
  29. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括处理器及与所述处理器连接的如权利要求10所述的偏振器阵列；所述处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，所述处理器用于读取所述至少一个存储器所存储的计算机程序，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括驱动器，及与所述驱动器连接的主控芯片和如权利要求10所述的偏振器阵列；所述驱动器用于接收所述主控芯片的控制信号，并根据所述控制信号控制所述偏振器阵列的状态；所述主控芯片用于使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法。
  31. 一种计算机可读介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求11至19中任 意一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/103014 2020-08-14 2021-06-29 偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备 WO2022033211A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21855264.4A EP4187316A4 (en) 2020-08-14 2021-06-29 POLARIZER, POLARIZER ARRANGEMENT, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLABLE POLARIZATION AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE
US18/167,142 US20230185125A1 (en) 2020-08-14 2023-02-10 Polarizer and array, polarization-controllable method and apparatus, and electronic device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010818917.8A CN114077102B (zh) 2020-08-14 2020-08-14 偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备
CN202010818917.8 2020-08-14

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/167,142 Continuation US20230185125A1 (en) 2020-08-14 2023-02-10 Polarizer and array, polarization-controllable method and apparatus, and electronic device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022033211A1 true WO2022033211A1 (zh) 2022-02-17

Family

ID=80246948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/103014 WO2022033211A1 (zh) 2020-08-14 2021-06-29 偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230185125A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4187316A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN114077102B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022033211A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023106624A1 (de) 2023-03-16 2024-09-19 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Kameravorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kameravorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11595577B2 (en) * 2020-08-28 2023-02-28 Micron Technology, Inc. Sensor block

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005173493A (ja) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-30 Sony Corp 撮像装置
CN101099109A (zh) * 2005-01-06 2008-01-02 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 基于液晶的光控元件
CN101868979A (zh) * 2007-12-07 2010-10-20 松下电器产业株式会社 图像处理装置、图像处理方法以及摄影装置
CN103080978A (zh) * 2010-07-01 2013-05-01 株式会社理光 对象识别装置
CN104345468A (zh) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-11 索尼公司 图像拾取设备、图像拾取方法以及程序
CN105021282A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-11-04 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 快照式偏振高光谱相机及成像方法
JP2017021097A (ja) * 2015-07-08 2017-01-26 大日本印刷株式会社 調光フィルム
CN106855675A (zh) * 2017-03-14 2017-06-16 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 防窥装置和防窥显示设备
CN109286704A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-29 联想(北京)有限公司 电子设备
CN110392186A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-29 合肥京东方显示技术有限公司 减少雾霾影响的成像装置及成像方法
CN110708453A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-01-17 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 图像传感器、相机模组、终端和成像方法
CN111198445A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-26 华为技术有限公司 一种分光偏振成像的设备和方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6319625A (ja) * 1986-07-14 1988-01-27 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 液晶表示素子
GB2390170A (en) * 2002-06-28 2003-12-31 Sharp Kk Polarisation rotator parallax barrier display and optical modulator
JP4425059B2 (ja) * 2003-06-25 2010-03-03 シャープ株式会社 偏光光学素子、およびそれを用いた表示装置
WO2011105619A1 (ja) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 シチズンホールディングス株式会社 偏光変換素子
US8023052B1 (en) * 2010-08-17 2011-09-20 Lc-Tec Displays Ab High-speed liquid crystal polarization modulator
CN102809848B (zh) * 2012-07-27 2015-08-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 反射式裸眼3d显示装置及其制造方法

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005173493A (ja) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-30 Sony Corp 撮像装置
CN101099109A (zh) * 2005-01-06 2008-01-02 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 基于液晶的光控元件
CN101868979A (zh) * 2007-12-07 2010-10-20 松下电器产业株式会社 图像处理装置、图像处理方法以及摄影装置
CN103080978A (zh) * 2010-07-01 2013-05-01 株式会社理光 对象识别装置
CN104345468A (zh) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-11 索尼公司 图像拾取设备、图像拾取方法以及程序
CN105021282A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-11-04 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 快照式偏振高光谱相机及成像方法
JP2017021097A (ja) * 2015-07-08 2017-01-26 大日本印刷株式会社 調光フィルム
CN106855675A (zh) * 2017-03-14 2017-06-16 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 防窥装置和防窥显示设备
CN110392186A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-29 合肥京东方显示技术有限公司 减少雾霾影响的成像装置及成像方法
CN109286704A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-29 联想(北京)有限公司 电子设备
CN111198445A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-26 华为技术有限公司 一种分光偏振成像的设备和方法
CN110708453A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-01-17 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 图像传感器、相机模组、终端和成像方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4187316A4

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023106624A1 (de) 2023-03-16 2024-09-19 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Kameravorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kameravorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4187316A1 (en) 2023-05-31
CN114077102A (zh) 2022-02-22
US20230185125A1 (en) 2023-06-15
EP4187316A4 (en) 2023-12-06
CN114077102B (zh) 2023-03-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11940676B2 (en) Adaptive polarization filter grids
US9798154B2 (en) Control of polarization and diffractive artifact resolution in retro-imaging systems
WO2022033211A1 (zh) 偏振器及阵列、偏振可控方法及装置、电子设备
US11611058B2 (en) Devices and systems for under display image sensor
US11394860B2 (en) Multiple optical path imaging techniques and shared emitter for active depth sensing techniques
TW200948070A (en) Gaze accurate video conferencing
CN108700702A (zh) 透射率可变膜
WO2014153811A1 (zh) 一种摄像头组件和移动设备
TW200846701A (en) Phase different plate and stereoscopic display thereof
KR20210150389A (ko) 다중 스테이지 조정가능 회절 광학 엘리먼트들을 갖는 다기능 광 프로젝터
TWI576615B (zh) 顯示設備及顯示方法
CN107329346B (zh) 电控双折射透镜及图像采集装置
CN203311127U (zh) 一种液晶显示装置、专用眼镜及显示器件
WO2021254278A1 (zh) 镜面显示装置、图像显示方法及电子设备、存储介质
US20210263317A1 (en) Angularly selective diffusive combiner
CN208848521U (zh) 一种投射式透明显示装置
CN112654923A (zh) 投影幕及投影系统
TWI835278B (zh) 偏光鏡、拍攝控制方法和電子設備
JP2000241794A (ja) タッチ入力方式液晶ディスプレイ装置
KR101644864B1 (ko) 특정영역의 화상에 대한 촬영 제한 기능을 가진 디스플레이 장치
CN208848516U (zh) 一种投射式透明显示装置
TW202316226A (zh) 電子裝置
JP2000241793A (ja) タッチ入力方式液晶ディスプレイ装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21855264

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021855264

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20230224

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE