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WO2022001112A1 - 一种自动十字轴装配线 - Google Patents

一种自动十字轴装配线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001112A1
WO2022001112A1 PCT/CN2021/075756 CN2021075756W WO2022001112A1 WO 2022001112 A1 WO2022001112 A1 WO 2022001112A1 CN 2021075756 W CN2021075756 W CN 2021075756W WO 2022001112 A1 WO2022001112 A1 WO 2022001112A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
press
cross shaft
plate
circlip
feeding device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/075756
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐建华
梁勇
徐志坚
吴胜斌
Original Assignee
浙江佛尔泰智能设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江佛尔泰智能设备有限公司 filed Critical 浙江佛尔泰智能设备有限公司
Publication of WO2022001112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001112A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
    • B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
    • B23P19/007—Picking-up and placing mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cross-shaft processing line, in particular to an automatic cross-shaft assembly line.
  • the cross shaft universal joint assembly can realize variable-angle power transmission and is used to change the position and direction of the transmission axis. It is the "joint" part of the automobile steering and transmission drive system.
  • the cross shaft assembly as the main part of the cross shaft universal joint, is an indispensable part of the cross shaft universal joint. The quality of the cross shaft assembly directly affects the fatigue life of the cross shaft universal joint, and affects the safety performance and reliability of the vehicle.
  • the existing cross shaft assembly includes a bearing sleeve, a cross shaft and a flange fork.
  • a number of flange mounting holes are provided through one side of the flange fork, and the flange fork and the bearing sleeve are provided with There are snap holes that can be matched with the cross shaft.
  • the cross shafts are respectively matched and hinged in the clamping holes of the bearing sleeve and the flange fork to form a rotating joint.
  • the Chinese Patent No. CN103047305A discloses a cross shaft universal joint.
  • the assembly process of the cross shaft assembly is mostly done by hand. This method leads to low assembly efficiency of the cross shaft assembly, unstable assembly quality and certain volatility.
  • the traditional cross shaft assembly process has become a bottleneck process in the production of the cross shaft assembly.
  • the assembly and production cost of the cross shaft assembly is increasing day by day, resulting in a direct decline in the economic benefits of the enterprise, so it needs to be improved.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic cross shaft assembly line, which realizes automatic assembly, has high efficiency, stable assembly accuracy and quality, reduces labor costs, and greatly increases enterprise economic benefits.
  • an automatic cross shaft assembly line including a cross shaft feeding device, a flange fork feeding device, a bearing sleeve feeding device, a first press machine and a second press machine, so Above the flange fork feeding device is provided a flange fork transfer mechanism that can transfer the flange fork to the first press machine, and above the cross shaft feeding device is provided with a cross shaft that can transfer the cross shaft to the first press machine
  • the cross shaft transfer mechanism, the first pressing machine can press-fit the cross shaft and the flange fork to form the workpiece A;
  • the top of the second press is provided with a press transfer mechanism that can transfer the workpiece A completed on the first press to the second press, and a manipulator is arranged between the first press and the bearing sleeve feeding device.
  • a transfer mechanism, the manipulator transfer mechanism can transfer the bearing sleeve on the bearing sleeve feeding device to the second press-fitting machine, and the second press-fitting machine press-fits the cross shaft and the bearing sleeve.
  • the first press machine includes a belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor is provided with a plurality of support plates, and each of the support plates is provided with a number of The flange mounting hole is matched with the snapped first limit rod, and the middle part of the belt conveyor is provided with an adaptive adjustment supporter that can be matched with the cross shaft transfer mechanism. The height of the position is adjusted to match the position of the clamping hole on the flange fork;
  • Both sides of the belt conveyor are provided with a first vibrating disc for transmitting bearings, and a snap hole for pressing the bearing into the flange fork is provided at the outlet of each of the first vibrating discs
  • the first hydraulic cylinder inside makes the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing produce interference fit with the cross shaft and the inner wall of the clamping hole respectively, so as to press-fit to form the workpiece A.
  • the self-adaptive adjusting supporter includes a support frame arranged on the belt conveyor, the support frame is provided with a pressure cylinder, and the output end of the pressure cylinder is fixedly connected through the support frame to The driving plate of the cross shaft is raised so that the two ends of the cross shaft can be respectively matched with the snap holes on the flange fork.
  • both ends of the belt conveyor are provided with a first circlip presser capable of installing circlips in the snap holes;
  • Each of the first circlip presses includes a positioning plate, the positioning plate has a built-in guide channel that can be matched with the circlip, and one side of the positioning plate is provided with a snap connection with the flange fork A discharge hole matched with a hole, one end of the discharge hole is communicated with the guide channel, one side of the positioning plate is provided with a circlip hydraulic driver, and the end of the circlip hydraulic driver penetrates into the positioning plate It is in contact with the circlip, and drives the circlip to be engaged in the clamping hole through the discharge hole.
  • the present invention is further provided as follows: the upper end of the spring hydraulic drive member is provided with a fixing plate, one side of the fixing plate is provided with a chute, a push plate is slidably connected in the chute, and the fixing plate is An accommodating box for storing the snap spring is provided, and the bottom of the accommodating box is communicated with the chute;
  • the upper end surface of the push plate is provided with a step that can be matched with a single retaining spring, and one end of the push plate is provided with a third driving member that can drive the push plate to reciprocate in the chute.
  • An inclined slideway communicated with the guide channel is provided, and one end of the inclined slideway is matched with the fixing plate.
  • the second press machine includes a screw slide rail conveyor, and a movable seat is slidably connected to the screw slide rail conveyor, and a limit plate is arranged on one side of the movable seat, and the limiter
  • a number of second limit rods are arranged on the position plate, which can be engaged with the flange mounting holes on the flange fork, and the two sides of the screw slide rail conveyor are provided with second vibration plates for transmitting bearings.
  • a second hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the discharge port of each of the second vibrating discs for setting the bearing on the cross shaft.
  • the support bottom plate and the limit plate are vertically arranged.
  • the press-fitting transfer mechanism includes two second uprights arranged on the ground, and the two second uprights are respectively located on both sides of the second press-fitting machine and the first press-fitting machine, and the two The top of the first column is fixedly connected with the same second horizontal guide rail, the second horizontal guide rail is slidably connected with a second movable slider, and one end of the second horizontal guide rail is provided with a second movable slider that can drive A fifth drive member that moves on the second horizontal guide rail;
  • One side of the second movable slider is slidably connected with a second movable arm, the lower end surface of the second movable arm is rotatably connected with a floating connecting plate, and one side of the floating connecting plate is provided with a clip that can clamp the target object.
  • a sixth driving member that can drive the first movable arm to move up and down is provided on one side of the second movable slider;
  • the second movable arm is provided with a fixed connecting plate, a driving cylinder is hinged on the fixed connecting plate, the output end of the driving cylinder is rotatably connected with a driving frame, and one end of the driving frame is fixedly connected with the floating connecting plate,
  • the included angle formed between the drive frame and the floating connecting plate is an obtuse angle.
  • the present invention is further provided as follows: one side of the moving seat is provided with two mutually independent moving blocks, the two moving blocks are respectively located at the two ends of the limit plate, and the moving seat is away from the side of the moving block.
  • a fourth driving member is provided, and the output end of the fourth driving member is fixedly connected to the moving block through the moving base, and each end of the moving block away from the moving base is provided with a clamping block for clamping the flange fork .
  • a further arrangement of the present invention is that: the output end of the circlip hydraulic drive member and the discharge hole are arranged coaxially.
  • the present invention is further provided as follows: it also includes a circlip press-fitting conveyor, a finished product conveyor, and a finished product transfer mechanism that can transfer the workpieces on the circlip press-fitting conveyor to the finished product conveyor.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can realize the automatic assembly of the cross shaft assembly, the assembly efficiency is high, the precision and quality can be controlled, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of the enterprise is greatly increased. In specific use, only 1-2 workers are needed to monitor, to ensure the smooth and orderly progress of multiple processes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing cross shaft assembly
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-axis assembly line of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of flange fork transfer mechanism and cross shaft transfer mechanism in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the first press machine in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is the partial structure schematic diagram of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the self-adaptive adjustment supporter in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the first circlip press-fitting machine in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 8 is the partial structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the press-fit transfer mechanism in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is the structural representation of the second press machine in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping block and the flange fork in FIG. 10 in a state of mating and clamping;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping block and the flange fork in FIG. 11 in an uncooperative clamping state.
  • First Gripper 15, belt conveyor; 16, support plate; 17, first limit rod; 18, adaptive adjustment supporter; 19, first vibration plate; 20, first hydraulic cylinder; 21, support frame; 22 , pressure cylinder; 23, drive plate; 24, guide column; 25, spring; 26, first circlip press; 27, positioning plate; 28, discharge hole; 29, circlip hydraulic drive; 30, fixed plate ; 31, chute; 32, push plate; 33, accommodating box; 34, step; 35, inclined slideway; 36, screw slide rail conveyor; 37, movable seat; 38, limit plate; 39, second limit Position rod; 40, the second vibration plate; 41, the second hydraulic cylinder; 42, the bearing sleeve supporting base plate; 43, the moving block; 44, the fourth driving part; 45, the snap block; 46, the second column; The second horizontal guide rail; 48, the second movable slider; 49, the second movable arm; 50, the floating connecting plate; 51, the second clamping jaw; 52, the fixed connecting plate; 53, the driving cylinder; 54, the driving frame; 55 56. Finished product transporter;
  • an automatic cross shaft assembly line includes a cross shaft feeding device 1 , a flange fork feeding device 2 , a bearing sleeve feeding device 3 , a first pressing machine 4 and a second pressing machine 5 .
  • a flange fork transfer mechanism 6 that can transfer the flange fork to the first press machine 4
  • a cross shaft that can transfer the cross shaft to the first press machine.
  • the cross shaft transfer mechanism 7 on the 4, the first press machine 4 can press-fit the cross shaft and the flange fork to form the workpiece A.
  • a press-fitting transfer mechanism 8 that can transfer the workpiece A completed on the first press-fitting machine 4 to the second press-fitting machine 5 is disposed above the second press-fitting machine 5 .
  • a manipulator transfer mechanism 9 is provided between the first press machine 4 and the bearing sleeve feeding device 3, and the manipulator transfer mechanism 9 can transfer the bearing sleeve on the bearing sleeve feeding device 3 to the second press machine 5, and by the second The press-fitting machine 5 press-fits the cross shaft and the bearing sleeve.
  • the flange fork transfer mechanism 6 includes two first columns 10 arranged on the ground, and the two first columns 10 are respectively located in the flange fork feeding device 2 and the first pressure Mount 4 on both sides.
  • the top ends of the two first uprights 10 are fixedly connected to the same first horizontal guide rail 11, the first horizontal guide rail 11 is slidably connected with a first movable slider 12, and one end of the first horizontal guide rail 11 is provided with a first movable slider 11 that can drive the first movable slider.
  • the block 12 is a first drive member (not shown in the drawing) that moves on the first horizontal guide rail 11 .
  • One side of the first movable slider 12 is slidably connected with the first movable arm 13 .
  • the side is provided with a second driving member (not shown in the drawings) that can drive the first movable arm 13 to move up and down.
  • the first movable slider 12 is controlled to move by the first driving member, and then the position state of the first movable arm 13 is controlled.
  • the second driving member controls the first movable arm 13 to move up and down so as to cooperate with the first clamping jaw 14 for use.
  • the structure of the cross-axis transfer mechanism 7 is the same as that of the flange fork transfer mechanism 6 , the only difference being that the two first columns 10 are located on both sides of the cross-axis feeding device 1 and the first press machine 4 respectively.
  • the first press machine 4 includes a belt conveyor 15 .
  • the belt conveyor 15 is provided with a plurality of support plates 16 , and each support plate 16 is provided with a belt conveyor 16 .
  • the flange is transferred to the support plate 16 through the flange fork transfer mechanism 6, and the flange mounting holes 60 on the flange fork are engaged with the first limit rod 17, so as to avoid the flange fork in the subsequent assembly process. shift occurs.
  • the middle of the belt conveyor 15 is provided with an adaptive adjustment supporter 18 that can be matched with the cross shaft transfer mechanism 7. Through the adaptive adjustment supporter 18, the position and height of the cross shaft can be adjusted to the clamping hole on the flange fork. 61 Matching position status.
  • Both sides of the belt conveyor 15 are provided with first vibrating discs 19 for transmitting bearings, and each first vibrating disc 19 is provided with a snap hole 61 for pressing the bearing into the flange fork at the position of the discharge port.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder 20 inside. Through the action of the first hydraulic cylinder 20 , the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing are respectively fitted with the cross shaft and the inner wall of the clamping hole 61 to form an interference fit to form the workpiece A by press fitting.
  • the flange fork is transferred to the belt conveyor 15 by the flange fork transfer mechanism 6, and is transported forward by the belt conveyor 15 until the clamping holes 61 at both ends of the flange fork are connected to the first vibrating plate.
  • the position of the discharge port of 19 corresponds to the position of the discharge port, and the belt conveyor 15 stops running at this time.
  • the cross shaft is transferred to the self-adaptive adjusting supporter 18 by the cross shaft transfer mechanism 7, and the position and height of the cross shaft are adjusted by the self-adaptive adjusting supporter 18 to the position that matches the snap hole 61 on the flange fork.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder 20 pushes the bearing into the clamping hole 61, so that the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing and the cross shaft and the inner wall of the clamping hole 61 produce interference fit to form workpiece A by press fitting.
  • the self-adaptive adjusting supporter 18 includes a support frame 21 arranged on the belt conveyor 15 .
  • the support frame 21 is provided with a pressure cylinder 22 , and the output end of the pressure cylinder 22 passes through
  • the support frame 21 is fixedly connected with a drive plate 23 for raising the cross shaft.
  • the stroke of the pressure cylinder 22 can be set to extend or retract a fixed stroke. Therefore, it is ensured that the driving plate 23 can raise the corresponding cross shaft by a fixed height, so that the two ends of the cross shaft can be respectively matched with the clamping holes 61 on the flange fork.
  • the upper end surface of the driving plate 23 is provided with a plurality of guide columns 24 .
  • springs 25 are arranged between the upper end surface of the driving plate 23 and the support frame 21 .
  • both ends of the belt conveyor 15 are provided with a first circlip press 26 capable of installing circlips in the snap holes 61 .
  • the retaining ring is also called the retaining ring, which prevents the cross shaft and the flange fork from sliding relative to each other and falls off, and plays a limiting role.
  • each of the first circlip presses 26 includes a positioning plate 27.
  • the positioning plate 27 has a built-in guide channel that can be matched with the circlip.
  • One side of the positioning plate 27 is provided with a clip that can be matched with the flange fork.
  • the discharge hole 28 is matched with the receiving hole 61, and one end of the discharge hole 28 is communicated with the guide channel.
  • One side of the positioning plate 27 is provided with a circlip hydraulic driving member 29 , and one end of the circlip hydraulic driving member 29 that penetrates into the positioning plate 27 is in contact with the circlip, and drives the circlip through the discharge hole 28 in the clamping hole 61 Match with snap.
  • the output end of the circlip hydraulic drive member 29 and the discharge hole 28 are arranged coaxially.
  • the workpiece A After the workpiece A has been press-fitted at the previous station, it is continuously transported forward by the belt conveyor 15 to the station of the first circlip press-fit machine 26 .
  • the circlip located in the guide channel will move down to the discharge hole 28 to achieve positioning due to gravity, and then the circlip hydraulic driver 29 makes an extension movement and pushes the circlip to be press-fitted on the workpiece to achieve the clamping effect. .
  • a fixing plate 30 is disposed on the upper end of the spring hydraulic driving member 29 , a sliding slot 31 is provided through one side of the fixing plate 30 , and a push plate 32 is slidably connected in the sliding slot 31 .
  • the fixing plate 30 is provided with an accommodating box 33 for storing the snap spring, and the bottom of the accommodating box 33 communicates with the chute 31 .
  • the upper end surface of the push plate 32 is provided with a step 34 that can be matched with a single retaining spring, and one end of the push plate 32 is provided with a third drive member (not shown in the drawings) that can drive the push plate 32 to reciprocate in the chute 31 .
  • the upper end surface of the positioning plate 27 is provided with an inclined slideway 35 that communicates with the guide channel, and one end of the inclined slideway 35 is matched with the fixing plate 30 .
  • the reciprocating movement of the push plate 32 is controlled by the third driving member, so that each time the push plate 32 completes a reciprocating motion, the circlip at the bottom of the accommodating box 33 can be pushed out individually.
  • the circlip is pushed and pushed to the inclined slideway 35, and slides down into the guide channel along its inclined surface.
  • the second pressing machine 5 includes a screw slide rail conveyor 36 , and the screw slide rail conveyor 36 is slidably connected with a movable seat 37 , and one side of the movable seat 37 is provided.
  • the limiting plate 38 is provided with a plurality of second limiting rods 39 which can be engaged with the flange mounting holes 60 on the flange fork.
  • Both sides of the screw rail conveyor 36 are provided with second vibrating discs 40 for transmitting bearings, and a second vibrating disc 40 is provided at the discharge port position of each second vibrating disc 40 for setting the bearing on the cross shaft. Hydraulic cylinder 41 .
  • a bearing sleeve supporting bottom plate 42 is provided on one side of the moving base 37 , and the bearing sleeve supporting bottom plate 42 is vertically arranged with the limiting plate 38 .
  • the workpiece A on the first pressing machine 4 is first transferred to the moving seat 37 on the second pressing machine 5 by the pressing transfer mechanism 8, and is connected with the limit plate 38 and the second pressing machine 37 on the moving seat 37.
  • the limit rod 39 is matched and clamped to realize the positioning of the workpiece A.
  • the manipulator transfer mechanism 9 transfers the bearing sleeve on the bearing sleeve feeding device 3 to the bearing sleeve supporting base plate 42, so that the two ends of the cross shaft on the workpiece A are aligned with the clamping holes 61 on the bearing sleeve.
  • the moving seat 37 is driven by the screw slide rail conveyor 36 to move until the cross shaft on the workpiece A and the clamping hole 61 on the bearing sleeve correspond to the position of the discharge port of the second vibrating plate 40.
  • the screw rod The skid conveyor 36 is stopped.
  • the second hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the bearing into the clamping hole 61, so that the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing and the cross shaft and the inner wall of the clamping hole 61 on the bearing sleeve respectively produce an interference fit to form a cross shaft assembly by press fitting.
  • one side of the movable base 37 is provided with two mutually independent movable blocks 43 , and the two movable blocks 43 are located at two ends of the limiting plate 38 respectively.
  • a fourth driving member 44 is disposed on the side of the moving base 37 away from the moving block 43 , and the fourth driving member 44 may be an air cylinder or the like. The output end of the fourth driving member 44 is fixedly connected to the moving block 43 through the moving base 37 . Through the action of the fourth driving member 44 , the movable block 43 and the movable base 37 can be driven to slide relative to each other.
  • each moving block 43 away from the moving base 37 is provided with a locking block 45 for holding the flange fork. Since the fourth driving member 44 can drive the moving block 43 to move, it can further drive the clamping block 45 to move synchronously. When the output end of the fourth driving member 44 is extended, the moving block 43 and the engaging block 45 move in a direction away from the moving base 37 , and the distance between the engaging block 45 and the limiting plate 38 will increase at this time. , so that the workpiece A can be placed on the limiting plate 38 .
  • the moving block 43 and the clamping block 45 move toward the direction close to the moving base 37, and the distance between the clamping block 45 and the limit plate 38 will be reduced at this time, Until one side of the clamping block 45 abuts against the flange fork, the flange fork can be limited, and the workpiece A can be limited.
  • the press-fitting transfer mechanism 8 includes two second uprights 46 arranged on the ground, and the two second uprights 46 are respectively located on the second press-fitting machine 5 and the first press-fitting machine 4 . on both sides.
  • the top ends of the two first uprights 10 are fixedly connected with the same second horizontal guide rail 47, the second horizontal guide rail 47 is slidably connected with a second movable slider 48, and one end of the second horizontal guide rail 47 is provided with a second movable slider 47 that can drive the second horizontal guide rail 47.
  • a fifth drive member (not shown in the drawing) that moves the block 48 on the second horizontal guide rail 47 .
  • One side of the second movable slider 48 is slidably connected with the second movable arm 49 , the lower end surface of the second movable arm 49 is rotatably connected with a floating connecting plate 50 , and one side of the floating connecting plate 50 is provided with a device capable of clamping the target object.
  • the second clamping jaw 51, one side of the second movable sliding block 48 is provided with a sixth driving member (not shown in the drawings) that can drive the first movable arm 13 to move up and down.
  • the second movable arm 49 is provided with a fixed connecting plate 52 .
  • the fixed connecting plate 52 is hinged with a driving cylinder 53 .
  • the included angle formed between the driving frame 54 and the floating connecting plate 50 is an obtuse angle.
  • the fifth driving member controls the movement of the second movable slider 48 , thereby controlling the position state of the second movable arm 49 .
  • the sixth driving member controls the second movable arm 49 to move up and down so as to cooperate with the second clamping jaw 51 for use.
  • the linkage and cooperation between the above structures together complete the transfer of the workpiece A on the first press-fitting machine 4 to the second press-fitting machine 5 .
  • the floating connecting plate 50 and the second clamping jaw 51 can be turned 90 degrees, so that the position state of the workpiece A can also be turned 90 degrees when it is transferred to the second press 5 , so as to better cooperate with the limit plate 38 and the limit rod.
  • the floating connecting plate 50 in the initial state, is arranged parallel to the ground. When it is turned 90 degrees to be perpendicular to the ground, the angle formed between the driving frame 54 and the floating connecting plate 50 is an obtuse angle. , so that when the floating connecting plate 50 is perpendicular to the ground, it can still ensure that the output end of the driving cylinder 53 is in contact with the driving frame 54 . In addition, the inversion of the workpiece A facilitates the assembly with the bearing sleeve on the second press 5 .
  • first driving member, the second driving member, the fifth driving member and the sixth driving member can all be driven by a servo motor, but not limited thereto.
  • first clamping jaw 14 and the second clamping jaw 51 may be pneumatic clamping jaws. But it is not limited to this, all the first clamping jaws 14 for clamping the workpiece are within the protection scope of this case.
  • the present application also includes a circlip press-loading conveyor 55 , a finished product transporter 56 , and a finished product transfer mechanism 57 that can transfer the workpieces on the circlip press-loading conveyor 55 to the finished product transporter 56 .
  • the circlip conveyor 55 includes a frame 58, and both ends of the frame 58 are provided with a second circlip 59.
  • the structure and principle of the second circlip 59 are the same as those of the first circlip 26. It is consistent and will not be described in detail here.
  • the second circlip press 59 can insert circlips into the clamping holes 61 on the bearing sleeve, so as to realize the limit fixation of the cross shaft and the bearing sleeve in the matched state.

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Abstract

一种自动十字轴装配线，包括十字轴送料装置(1)、法兰叉送料装置(2)、轴承套送料装置(3)、第一压装机(4)以及第二压装机(5)，法兰叉送料装置(2)的上方设置有可将法兰叉转运至第一压装机(4)上的法兰叉转运机构(6)，十字轴送料装置(1)的上方设置有可将十字轴转运至第一压装机(4)上的十字轴转运机构(7)，第一压装机(4)可将十字轴与法兰叉进行压装以形成工件A；第二压装机(5)的上方设置有可将第一压装机(4)上完成的工件A转运至第二压装机(5)上的压装转运机构(8)，第一压装机(4)与轴承套送料装置(3)之间设置有机械手转运机构(9)，机械手转运机构(9)可将轴承套送料装置(3)上的轴承套转运至第二压装机(5)上，并由第二压装机(5)将十字轴与轴承套进行压装。本装置具有以下优点：实现自动化装配，效率高、装配精度和质量稳定，而且减少了人工成本。

Description

一种自动十字轴装配线 技术领域
本发明涉及一种十字轴加工流水线，特别涉及一种自动十字轴装配线。
背景技术
十字轴万向节总成作为汽车传动系统中的关键部件，能实现变角度动力传递，用于改变传动轴线的位置和方向，它是汽车转向及传动驱动系统的“关节”部位。其中，十字轴总成作为十字轴万向节的主体部分，是十字轴万向节不可或缺的部件。十字轴总成的质量直接影响着十字轴万向节的疲劳寿命，并影响着整车的安全性能及可靠性。
如图1所示，现有的十字轴总成包括有轴承套、十字轴以及法兰叉，法兰叉的一侧贯穿设置有若干个法兰安装孔，法兰叉以及轴承套上均设置有可与十字轴相配合的卡接孔。所述十字轴分别于轴承套、法兰叉的卡接孔内配合铰接以构成转动关节。例如中国专利号为CN103047305A的中国专利公开的十字轴万向联轴器。
目前，十字轴总成的装配工艺大多采用手工装配完成。这种方式导致了十字轴总成的装配效率低下，装配质量不稳定、呈一定的波动性，传统的十字轴装配工艺已经成为了十字轴总成生产中的瓶颈工序。同时，随着人工成本的增长，使十字轴总成的装配生产成本日益上升，导致企业经济效益直接下降，因而有待改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种自动十字轴装配线，这种装配线实现自动化装配，效率高、装配精度和质量稳定，而且减少了人工成本，大大增加了企业经济效益。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种自动十字轴装配线，包括十字轴送料装置、法兰叉送料装置、轴承套送料装置、第一压装机以及第二压装机，所述法兰叉送料装置的上方设置有可将法兰叉转运至第一压装机上的法兰叉转运机构，所述十字轴送料装置的上方设置有可将十字轴转运至第一压装机上的十字轴转运机构，所述第一压装机可将十字轴与法兰叉进行压装以形成工件A；
所述第二压装机的上方设置有可将第一压装机上完成的工件A转运至第二压装机上的压装转运机构，所述第一压装机与轴承套送料装置之间设置有机械手转运机构，所述机械手转运机构可将轴承套送料装置上的轴承套转运至第二压装机上，并由所述第二压装机将十字轴与轴承套进行压装。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述第一压装机包括有皮带传输机，所述皮带传输机上设置有若干个支撑板，每个所述支撑板上均设置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔配合卡接的第一限位杆，所述皮带传输机的中部设置有可与十字轴转运机构相配合的自适应调节支撑器，所述自适应调节支撑器可将十字轴的位置高度调整至与法兰叉上的卡接孔相配合的位置状态；
所述皮带传输机的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第一振动盘，每个所述第一振动盘的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承压入法兰叉上的卡接孔内的第一液压缸，使所述轴承的内外表面分别与十字轴、卡接孔内壁产生过盈配合以压装形成工件A。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述自适应调节支撑器包括有设置于皮带传输机上的支撑架，所述支撑架上设置有压缸，所述压缸的输出端穿过支撑架固定连接有用以抬高十字轴的驱动板，使所述十字轴的两端可分别与法兰叉上的卡接孔相配合。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述皮带传输机的两端均设置有可对卡接孔内安装卡簧的第一卡簧压装机；
每个所述第一卡簧压装机均包括有定位板，所述定位板内置有可与卡簧相匹配的引导通道，所述定位板的一侧设置有可与法兰叉上的卡接孔相配合的出料孔，所述出料孔的一端与引导通道相连通，所述定位板的一侧设置有卡簧液压驱动件，所述卡簧液压驱动件穿入定位板内的一端与卡簧相抵接，并驱动所述卡簧通过出料孔于卡接孔内配合卡接。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述卡簧液压驱动件的上端设置有固定板，所述固定板的一侧贯穿设置有滑槽，所述滑槽内滑动连接有推板，所述固定板上设置有用以存储卡簧的容纳箱，所述容纳箱的底部与滑槽相连通；
所述推板的上端面设置有可与单个卡簧相配合的台阶，所述推板的一端设置有可驱动推板于滑槽内往复运动的第三驱动件，所述定位板的上端面设置有与引导通道相连通的倾斜滑道，所述倾斜滑道的一端与固定板相配合。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述第二压装机包括有丝杆滑轨运输机，所述丝杆滑轨运输机上滑动连接有移动座，所述移动座的一侧设置有限位板，所述限位板上设置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔配合卡接的第二限位杆，所述丝杆滑轨运输机的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第二振动盘，每个所述第二振动盘的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承套设于十字轴上的第二液压缸，所述移动座的一侧设置有轴承套支撑底板，所述轴承套支撑底板与限位板呈垂直设置。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述压装转运机构包括有两个设置于地面上的第二立柱，两个所述第二立柱分别位于第二压装机、第一压装机的两侧，两个所述第一立柱的顶端固定连接有同一个第二水平导轨，所述第二水平导轨上滑动 连接有第二活动滑块，所述第二水平导轨的一端设置有可驱动第二活动滑块在第二水平导轨上进行移动的第五驱动件；
所述第二活动滑块的一侧滑动连接有第二活动臂，所述第二活动臂的下端面转动连接有浮动连接板，所述浮动连接板的一侧设置有可对目标物进行夹取的第二夹爪，所述第二活动滑块的一侧设置有可驱动第一活动臂上下移动的第六驱动件；
所述第二活动臂上设置有固定连接板，所述固定连接板上铰接有驱动气缸，所述驱动气缸的输出端转动连接有驱动架，所述驱动架的一端与浮动连接板固定连接，所述驱动架与浮动连接板之间所形成的夹角为钝角。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述移动座的一侧穿设有两个相互独立的移动块，两个所述移动块分别位于限位板的两端，所述移动座远离移动块的一侧设置有第四驱动件，所述第四驱动件的输出端穿过移动座与移动块固定连接，每个所述移动块远离移动座的一端均设置有用以卡持法兰叉的卡接块。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述卡簧液压驱动件的输出端与出料孔呈同轴心设置。
本发明的进一步设置为：还包括卡簧压装输送机、成品运输机以及可将卡簧压装输送机上的工件转运至成品运输机上的成品转运机构。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明可实现十字轴总成的自动化装配，装配效率高、精度与质量都能得到控制，而且大幅减少人工成本，大大增加企业的经济效益。在具体使用时，只需1-2个工人在旁进行监测，保证多个工序平稳有序的进行。
附图说明
图1是现有十字轴总成的结构示意图；
图2是实施例一的十字轴装配线的结构示意图；
图3是图2中法兰叉转运机构以及十字轴转运机构的结构示意图；
图4是图2中第一压装机的结构示意图；
图5是图4的部分结构示意图；
图6是图4中的自适应调节支撑器的结构示意图；
图7是图4中的第一卡簧压装机的结构示意图；
图8是图2的部分结构示意图；
图9是图8中压装转运机构的结构示意图；
图10是图8中第二压装机的结构示意图；
图11是图10中的卡接块与法兰叉在配合卡接状态下的结构示意图；
图12是图11中的卡接块与法兰叉在未配合卡接状态下的结构示意图。
附图标记：1、十字轴送料装置；2、法兰叉送料装置；3、轴承套送料装置；4、第一压装机；5、第二压装机；6、法兰叉转运机构；7、十字轴转运机构；8、压装转运机构；9、机械手转运机构；10、第一立柱；11、第一水平导轨；12、第一活动滑块；13、第一活动臂；14、第一夹爪；15、皮带传输机；16、支撑板；17、第一限位杆；18、自适应调节支撑器；19、第一振动盘；20、第一液压缸；21、支撑架；22、压缸；23、驱动板；24、导向柱；25、弹簧；26、第一卡簧压装机；27、定位板；28、出料孔；29、卡簧液压驱动件；30、固定板；31、滑槽；32、推板；33、容纳箱；34、台阶；35、倾斜滑道；36、丝杆滑轨运输机；37、移动座；38、限位板；39、第二限位杆；40、第二振动盘；41、第二液压缸；42、轴承套支撑底板；43、移动块；44、第四驱动件；45、卡接块；46、第二立柱；47、第二水平导轨；48、第二活动滑块；49、第二活动臂；50、浮动连接板；51、第二夹爪；52、固定连接板；53、驱动气缸；54、驱动 架；55、卡簧压装输送机；56、成品运输机；57、成品转运机构；58、机架；59、第二卡簧压装机；60、法兰安装孔；61、卡接孔。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图2所示，一种自动十字轴装配线，包括十字轴送料装置1、法兰叉送料装置2、轴承套送料装置3、第一压装机4以及第二压装机5。
法兰叉送料装置2的上方设置有可将法兰叉转运至第一压装机4上的法兰叉转运机构6，十字轴送料装置1的上方设置有可将十字轴转运至第一压装机4上的十字轴转运机构7，所述第一压装机4可将十字轴与法兰叉进行压装以形成工件A。
第二压装机5的上方设置有可将第一压装机4上完成的工件A转运至第二压装机5上的压装转运机构8。第一压装机4与轴承套送料装置3之间设置有机械手转运机构9，所述机械手转运机构9可将轴承套送料装置3上的轴承套转运至第二压装机5上，并由第二压装机5将十字轴与轴承套进行压装。
通过上述设置，从而实现十字轴总成的自动化装配，装配效率高、精度与质量都能得到控制，而且大幅减少人工成本，大大增加企业的经济效益。在具体使用时，只需1-2个工人在旁进行监测，保证多个工序平稳有序的进行。
进一步的，如图2和图3所示，法兰叉转运机构6包括有两个设置于地面上的第一立柱10，两个第一立柱10分别位于法兰叉送料装置2、第一压装机4的两侧。两个第一立柱10的顶端固定连接有同一个第一水平导轨11，第一水平导轨11上滑动连接有第一活动滑块12，第一水平导轨11的一端设置有可驱动第一活动滑块12在第一水平导轨11上进行移动的第一驱动件(附图未标出)。
第一活动滑块12的一侧滑动连接有第一活动臂13，第一活动臂13的下端 面设置有可对目标物进行夹取的第一夹爪14，第一活动滑块12的一侧设置有可驱动第一活动臂13上下移动的第二驱动件(附图未标出)。
在具体作业时，由第一驱动件控制第一活动滑块12移动，进而控制第一活动臂13的位置状态。此外，第二驱动件控制第一活动臂13上下移动，以配合第一夹爪14进行使用。上述结构之间的联动配合，共同完成将法兰叉送料装置2上的法兰叉转运至第一压装机4上。
进一步的，十字轴转运机构7的结构与法兰叉转运机构6相同，其不同之处仅在于：两个第一立柱10分别位于十字轴送料装置1、第一压装机4的两侧。
进一步的，如图2、图4和图5所示，第一压装机4包括有皮带传输机15，该皮带传输机15上设置有若干个支撑板16，每个支撑板16上均设置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔60配合卡接的第一限位杆17。通过法兰叉转运机构6将法兰转运至支撑板16上，并使法兰叉上的法兰安装孔60与第一限位杆17配合卡接，以避免法兰叉在后续装配过程中发生移位。
皮带传输机15的中部设置有可与十字轴转运机构7相配合的自适应调节支撑器18，通过自适应调节支撑器18可将十字轴的位置高度调整至与法兰叉上的卡接孔61相配合的位置状态。
皮带传输机15的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第一振动盘19，每个第一振动盘19的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承压入法兰叉上的卡接孔61内的第一液压缸20。通过第一液压缸20的作用，使轴承的内外表面分别与十字轴、卡接孔61内壁产生过盈配合以压装形成工件A。
在具体使用时，由法兰叉转运机构6将法兰叉转运至皮带传输机15上，并由皮带传输机15向前输送，直至法兰叉的两端卡接孔61与第一振动盘19的出料口位置处相对应，此时皮带传输机15停止运转。
接着由十字轴转运机构7将十字轴转运至自适应调节支撑器18上，并由自适应调节支撑器18将十字轴的位置高度调整至与法兰叉上的卡接孔61相配合的位置状态，最后由第一液压缸20将将轴承推入卡接孔61内，使轴承的内外表面分别与十字轴、卡接孔61内壁产生过盈配合以压装形成工件A。
进一步的，如图5和图6所示，自适应调节支撑器18包括有设置于皮带传输机15上的支撑架21，支撑架21上设置有压缸22，压缸22的输出端穿过支撑架21固定连接有用以抬高十字轴的驱动板23。在具体使用时，可对压缸22的行程进行设定，使其伸出或回缩固定行程。从而保证驱动板23可对相配合的十字轴抬高固定高度，使十字轴的两端可分别与法兰叉上的卡接孔61相配合。
进一步的，驱动板23的上端面设置有若干导向柱24。此外，驱动板23的上端面与支撑架21之间设置有弹簧25，弹簧25的个数与导向柱24的个数相匹配且一一套设于导向柱24的外部。
当压缸22的输出端带动驱动板23向上运动时，直至导向柱24的上端面与支撑架21相抵接，此时驱动板23并不存在继续向上移动的空间，从而进一步限定压缸22的行程范围，从而保证驱动板23可对相配合的十字轴抬高固定高度，使十字轴的两端可分别与法兰叉上的卡接孔61相配合。此外，弹簧25的设置可保证驱动板23带动十字轴上下平稳有序的移动。
进一步的，如图4和图7所示，皮带传输机15的两端均设置有可对卡接孔61内安装卡簧的第一卡簧压装机26。卡簧又叫挡圈，防止十字轴与法兰叉相对滑动致脱落，是起到限位的作用。
进一步的，每个第一卡簧压装机26均包括有定位板27，定位板27内置有可与卡簧相匹配的引导通道，定位板27的一侧设置有可与法兰叉上的卡接孔61相配合的出料孔28，出料孔28的一端与引导通道相连通。
定位板27的一侧设置有卡簧液压驱动件29，卡簧液压驱动件29穿入定位板27内的一端与卡簧相抵接，并驱动卡簧通过出料孔28于卡接孔61内配合卡接。
需特别说明的是：卡簧液压驱动件29的输出端与出料孔28呈同轴心设置。
在实际操作中，工件A在上一工位进行压装完毕后，被皮带传输机15继续向前输送至第一卡簧压装机26的工位。位于引导通道内的卡簧会因重力原因向下运动至出料孔28处实现定位，然后在卡簧液压驱动件29做出伸出运动并推动卡簧压装到工件上，实现卡位作用。
进一步的，卡簧液压驱动件29的上端设置有固定板30，固定板30的一侧贯穿设置有滑槽31，滑槽31内滑动连接有推板32。固定板30上设置有用以存储卡簧的容纳箱33，容纳箱33的底部与滑槽31相连通。
推板32的上端面设置有可与单个卡簧相配合的台阶34，推板32的一端设置有可驱动推板32于滑槽31内往复运动的第三驱动件(附图未示出)。定位板27的上端面设置有与引导通道相连通的倾斜滑道35，倾斜滑道35的一端与固定板30相配合。
在具体作业时，由第三驱动件控制推板32往复移动，使得推板32每完成一次往复运动皆可将位于容纳箱33底部的卡簧单个推出，具体的由台阶34的侧壁对单个卡簧推动，并推动至倾斜滑道35处，沿其斜面滑落至引导通道内。
进一步的，如图8、图10和图11所示，第二压装机5包括有丝杆滑轨运输机36，丝杆滑轨运输机36上滑动连接有移动座37，移动座37的一侧设置有限位板38，限位板38上设置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔60配合卡接的第二限位杆39。在本申请中，需特别强调第一限位杆17以及第二限位杆39的作用，均是针对十字轴总成中的法兰叉结构特点，并加以利用，从而结合于装 配流水线上实现工件的定位功能。
丝杆滑轨运输机36的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第二振动盘40，每个第二振动盘40的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承套设于十字轴上的第二液压缸41。
移动座37的一侧设置有轴承套支撑底板42，所述轴承套支撑底板42与限位板38呈垂直设置。
在具体使用时，先由压装转运机构8将第一压装机4上的工件A转运至第二压装机5上的移动座37上，并与移动座37上的限位板38、第二限位杆39相配合卡接以实现对工件A的定位。接着由机械手转运机构9，将轴承套送料装置3上的轴承套转运至轴承套支撑底板42上，使得工件A上的十字轴的两端对准轴承套上的卡接孔61。最后，由丝杆滑轨运输机36带动移动座37运动，直至工件A上的十字轴、轴承套上的卡接孔61与第二振动盘40的出料口位置处相对应，此时丝杆滑轨运输机36停止运转。最后由第二液压缸41将将轴承推入卡接孔61内，使轴承的内外表面分别与十字轴、轴承套上的卡接孔61内壁产生过盈配合以压装形成十字轴总成。
进一步的，如图11和图12所示，移动座37的一侧穿设有两个相互独立的移动块43，两个移动块43分别位于限位板38的两端。移动座37远离移动块43的一侧设置有第四驱动件44，第四驱动件44可为气缸等。第四驱动件44的输出端穿过移动座37与移动块43固定连接。通过第四驱动件44的作用，可驱动移动块43与移动座37产生相对滑动。
具体的，每个移动块43远离移动座37的一端均设置有用以卡持法兰叉的卡接块45。由于第四驱动件44可驱动移动块43运动，进而可同步带动卡接块45运动。当第四驱动件44的输出端伸出时，移动块43以及卡接块45朝着远离 移动座37的方向进行移动，此时卡接块45与限位板38之间的间距会拉大，以便于工件A放置于限位板38上。当第四驱动件44的输出端缩回时，移动块43以及卡接块45朝着靠近移动座37的方向进行移动，此时卡接块45与限位板38之间的间距会缩小，直至卡接块45的一侧与法兰叉相抵，以实现对法兰叉的限位，进而实现工件A的限位。
进一步的，如图8和图9所示，压装转运机构8包括有两个设置于地面上的第二立柱46，两个第二立柱46分别位于第二压装机5、第一压装机4的两侧。两个第一立柱10的顶端固定连接有同一个第二水平导轨47，第二水平导轨47上滑动连接有第二活动滑块48，第二水平导轨47的一端设置有可驱动第二活动滑块48在第二水平导轨47上进行移动的第五驱动件(附图未标出)。
第二活动滑块48的一侧滑动连接有第二活动臂49，第二活动臂49的下端面转动连接有浮动连接板50，浮动连接板50的一侧设置有可对目标物进行夹取的第二夹爪51，第二活动滑块48的一侧设置有可驱动第一活动臂13上下移动的第六驱动件(附图未标出)。
第二活动臂49上设置有固定连接板52，固定连接板52上铰接有驱动气缸53，驱动气缸53的输出端转动连接有驱动架54，驱动架54的一端与浮动连接板50固定连接。驱动架54与浮动连接板50之间所形成的夹角为钝角。
在具体使用时，由第五驱动件控制第二活动滑块48移动，进而控制第二活动臂49的位置状态。此外，第六驱动件控制第二活动臂49上下移动，以配合第二夹爪51进行使用。上述结构之间的联动配合，共同完成将第一压装机4上的工件A转运至第二压装机5上。此外，本申请通过驱动气缸53的伸缩运动，还可实现浮动连接板50以及第二夹爪51翻转90度，使工件A在转运至第二压装机5上时其位置状态也可翻转90度，以更好的与限位板38以及限位杆相配 合。
需特别强调的是：在初始状态下，浮动连接板50与地面相平行设置，当翻转90度至与地面相垂直时，由于驱动架54与浮动连接板50之间所形成的夹角为钝角，使得在浮动连接板50与地面相垂直时，仍能保证驱动气缸53的输出端与驱动架54相接触。此外，对工件A的翻转有利于在第二压装机5上与轴承套进行装配。
进一步的，第一驱动件、第二驱动件、第五驱动件以及第六驱动件均可为采用伺服电机进行驱动，但不紧局限于此。
进一步的，所述第一夹爪14以及第二夹爪51可为气动夹爪。但不仅仅局限于此，所有实现对工件进行夹取的第一夹爪14都在本案保护范围内。
进一步的，本申请还包括卡簧压装输送机55、成品运输机56以及可将卡簧压装输送机55上的工件转运至成品运输机56上的成品转运机构57。
卡簧压装输送机55包括机架58，机架58两端均设置有第二卡簧压装机59，该第二卡簧压装机59的结构与原理，均与第一卡簧压装机26一致，在此不进行详细赘述。第二卡簧压装机59可向轴承套上的卡接孔61内装入卡簧，以实现十字轴与轴承套在配合状态下的限位固定。
具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：包括十字轴送料装置(1)、法兰叉送料装置(2)、轴承套送料装置(3)、第一压装机(4)以及第二压装机(5)，所述法兰叉送料装置(2)的上方设置有可将法兰叉转运至第一压装机(4)上的法兰叉转运机构(6)，所述十字轴送料装置(1)的上方设置有可将十字轴转运至第一压装机(4)上的十字轴转运机构(7)，所述第一压装机(4)可将十字轴与法兰叉进行压装以形成工件A；
    所述第二压装机(5)的上方设置有可将第一压装机(4)上完成的工件A转运至第二压装机(5)上的压装转运机构(8)，所述第一压装机(4)与轴承套送料装置(3)之间设置有机械手转运机构(9)，所述机械手转运机构(9)可将轴承套送料装置(3)上的轴承套转运至第二压装机(5)上，并由所述第二压装机(5)将十字轴与轴承套进行压装。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述第一压装机(4)包括有皮带传输机(15)，所述皮带传输机(15)上设置有若干个支撑板(16)，每个所述支撑板(16)上均设置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔(60)配合卡接的第一限位杆(17)，所述皮带传输机(15)的中部设置有可与十字轴转运机构(7)相配合的自适应调节支撑器(18)，所述自适应调节支撑器(18)可将十字轴的位置高度调整至与法兰叉上的卡接孔(61)相配合的位置状态；
    所述皮带传输机(15)的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第一振动盘(19)，每个所述第一振动盘(19)的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承压入法兰叉上的卡接孔(61)内的第一液压缸(20)，使所述轴承的内外表面分别与十字轴、卡接孔(61)内壁产生过盈配合以压装形成工件A。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述自适应调节支撑器(18)包括有设置于皮带传输机(15)上的支撑架(21)，所述支撑架 (21)上设置有压缸(22)，所述压缸(22)的输出端穿过支撑架(21)固定连接有用以抬高十字轴的驱动板(23)，使所述十字轴的两端可分别与法兰叉上的卡接孔(61)相配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述皮带传输机(15)的两端均设置有可对卡接孔(61)内安装卡簧的第一卡簧压装机(26)；
    每个所述第一卡簧压装机(26)均包括有定位板(27)，所述定位板(27)内置有可与卡簧相匹配的引导通道，所述定位板(27)的一侧设置有可与法兰叉上的卡接孔(61)相配合的出料孔(28)，所述出料孔(28)的一端与引导通道相连通，所述定位板(27)的一侧设置有卡簧液压驱动件(29)，所述卡簧液压驱动件(29)穿入定位板(27)内的一端与卡簧相抵接，并驱动所述卡簧通过出料孔(28)于卡接孔(61)内配合卡接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述卡簧液压驱动件(29)的上端设置有固定板(30)，所述固定板(30)的一侧贯穿设置有滑槽(31)，所述滑槽(31)内滑动连接有推板(32)，所述固定板(30)上设置有用以存储卡簧的容纳箱(33)，所述容纳箱(33)的底部与滑槽(31)相连通；
    所述推板(32)的上端面设置有可与单个卡簧相配合的台阶(34)，所述推板(32)的一端设置有可驱动推板(32)于滑槽(31)内往复运动的第三驱动件，所述定位板(27)的上端面设置有与引导通道相连通的倾斜滑道(35)，所述倾斜滑道(35)的一端与固定板(30)相配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述第二压装机(5)包括有丝杆滑轨运输机(36)，所述丝杆滑轨运输机(36)上滑动连接有移动座(37)，所述移动座(37)的一侧设置有限位板(38)，所述限位板(38)上设 置有若干个可与法兰叉上的法兰安装孔(60)配合卡接的第二限位杆(39)，所述丝杆滑轨运输机(36)的两侧均设置有用以传输轴承的第二振动盘(40)，每个所述第二振动盘(40)的出料口位置处均设置有用以将轴承套设于十字轴上的第二液压缸(41)，所述移动座(37)的一侧设置有轴承套支撑底板(42)，所述轴承套支撑底板(42)与限位板(38)呈垂直设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述压装转运机构(8)包括有两个设置于地面上的第二立柱(46)，两个所述第二立柱(46)分别位于第二压装机(5)、第一压装机(4)的两侧，两个所述第一立柱(10)的顶端固定连接有同一个第二水平导轨(47)，所述第二水平导轨(47)上滑动连接有第二活动滑块(48)，所述第二水平导轨(47)的一端设置有可驱动第二活动滑块(48)在第二水平导轨(47)上进行移动的第五驱动件；
    所述第二活动滑块(48)的一侧滑动连接有第二活动臂(49)，所述第二活动臂(49)的下端面转动连接有浮动连接板(50)，所述浮动连接板(50)的一侧设置有可对目标物进行夹取的第二夹爪(51)，所述第二活动滑块(48)的一侧设置有可驱动第一活动臂(13)上下移动的第六驱动件；
    所述第二活动臂(49)上设置有固定连接板(52)，所述固定连接板(52)上铰接有驱动气缸(53)，所述驱动气缸(53)的输出端转动连接有驱动架(54)，所述驱动架(54)的一端与浮动连接板(50)固定连接，所述驱动架(54)与浮动连接板(50)之间所形成的夹角为钝角。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述移动座(37)的一侧穿设有两个相互独立的移动块(43)，两个所述移动块(43)分别位于限位板(38)的两端，所述移动座(37)远离移动块(43)的一侧设置有第四驱动件(44)，所述第四驱动件(44)的输出端穿过移动座(37)与移动块(43)固定连接， 每个所述移动块(43)远离移动座(37)的一端均设置有用以卡持法兰叉的卡接块(45)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：所述卡簧液压驱动件(29)的输出端与出料孔(28)呈同轴心设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种自动十字轴装配线，其特征在于：还包括卡簧压装输送机(55)、成品运输机(56)以及可将卡簧压装输送机(55)上的工件转运至成品运输机(56)上的成品转运机构(57)。
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