WO2021182161A1 - 熱交換器 - Google Patents
熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021182161A1 WO2021182161A1 PCT/JP2021/007769 JP2021007769W WO2021182161A1 WO 2021182161 A1 WO2021182161 A1 WO 2021182161A1 JP 2021007769 W JP2021007769 W JP 2021007769W WO 2021182161 A1 WO2021182161 A1 WO 2021182161A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- header
- heat transfer
- heat exchanger
- circulation portion
- Prior art date
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
- F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/028—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
Definitions
- the technology of this disclosure relates to heat exchangers.
- both ends of a flat heat transfer tube having a plurality of flow paths are connected to one header and the other header, respectively, and the refrigerant is diverted from one header to each flat heat transfer tube.
- Has a structure to do For example, a technique has been proposed in which a refrigerant is circulated inside a header and the refrigerant is evenly distributed to a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes connected to the header (see Patent Document 1).
- the disclosed technique has been made in view of the above, and heat exchange can be performed for each flat heat transfer tube in consideration of the difference in the amount of heat exchange between the windward and leeward flow paths.
- the purpose is to provide a vessel.
- the heat exchanger includes a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes laminated at intervals, and a hollow header to which the ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes are connected.
- the header has a plurality of inflow plates and a plurality of circulation portions that divide the inside of the header into an inflow portion into which the refrigerant flows, a circulation portion located above the inflow portion and connected to the ends of a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes. It is divided into an ascending path located on the inside, which is the side to which the end of the flat heat transfer tube is connected, and a descending path located on the outside, which is the opposite side of the inside.
- the inflow plate has at least one first ejection hole for ejecting the refrigerant from the inflow portion to the ascending path on the ascending path side and the leeward side.
- the heat exchanger of the present disclosure can perform refrigerant diversion to each flat heat transfer tube in consideration of the difference in the amount of heat exchange between the windward and leeward flow paths.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner to which the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view of the heat exchanger.
- FIG. 2B is a front view of the heat exchanger.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the header of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an inflow plate having two ejection holes.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a part of the header and the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes as seen from the windward side.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the header seen from the side of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the header of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the header of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment as viewed from the windward direction.
- 9A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa of FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa of FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the header seen from the side of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a comparison example with the header shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner 1 to which the heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger 5 according to the first embodiment are applied.
- the air conditioner 1 includes an indoor unit 2 and an outdoor unit 3.
- the indoor unit 2 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 4, and the outdoor unit 3 is provided with a compressor 6, an expansion valve 7, and a four-way valve 8 in addition to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 of the outdoor unit 3 flows into the heat exchanger 4 that functions as a condenser via the four-way valve 8.
- the refrigerant is flowing in the direction indicated by the black arrow in FIG.
- the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the external air is liquefied.
- the liquefied high-pressure refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 7 and is depressurized, and flows into the heat exchanger 5 which functions as an evaporator as a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the external air is gasified.
- the gasified low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 6 via the four-way valve 8.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 of the outdoor unit 3 flows into the heat exchanger 5 that functions as a condenser via the four-way valve 8.
- the refrigerant is flowing in the direction indicated by the white arrow in FIG.
- the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the external air is liquefied.
- the liquefied high-pressure refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 7 and is depressurized, and flows into the heat exchanger 4 which functions as an evaporator as a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the external air is gasified.
- the gasified low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 6 via the four-way valve 8.
- the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment can be applied to any of the heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger 5.
- the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment will be described as being applied to the heat exchanger 5 that functions as an evaporator during the heating operation.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view of the heat exchanger 5
- FIG. 2B is a front view of the heat exchanger 5.
- the heat exchanger 5 includes a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11, a header 12, a header 13, and fins 14.
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 7 and is depressurized and has a low temperature and low pressure is supplied to the header 12 by the pipe 15 and is diverted to each flat heat transfer tube 11.
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air through the fins 14 is gasified and flows out to the header 13, and the refrigerant merged at the header 13 passes through the pipe 16 and the four-way valve 8. Is sucked into the compressor 6.
- specific configurations of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11, the header 12, the header 13, and the fins 14 will be described.
- Each of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is a conduction tube having a flat cross section and a plurality of flow paths for flowing a refrigerant inside the flat heat transfer tube along the direction in which the flat heat transfer tube extends.
- the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are laminated so that the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 face each other in the width direction at intervals along the vertical direction of the header 12 and the header 13.
- One end of each of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is connected to the header 12, and the other end of each of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is connected to the header 13.
- each flat heat transfer tube 11 The refrigerant diverted from the header 12 to each flat heat transfer tube 11 flows through the internal flow path of each flat heat transfer tube 11 and flows out to the header 13.
- the refrigerant flowing through the internal flow path of each flat heat transfer tube 11 exchanges heat with the external air passing through the space between the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the upstream side of the external air flow is referred to as upwind, and the downstream side is referred to as leeward.
- FIG. 2B and the like exemplify a case where the number of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is nine. However, this is merely an example, and the number of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is not limited to nine.
- the header 12 is a refrigerant flow path having a tubular shape (for example, a cylindrical shape).
- the inside of the header 12 is formed hollow so that the refrigerant is divided into a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the pipe 15 and the ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are connected to the header 12.
- the refrigerant flowing into the header 12 through the pipe 15 is diverted to each flat heat transfer tube 11 in the header 12.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the header 12 of the heat exchanger 5 according to the first embodiment.
- the header 12 includes an inflow plate 120 and a first partition member 121.
- the side to which the ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are connected is referred to as the inside, and the side opposite to the inside, which is the opposite side of the inside, is the respective side of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the side to which the ends are not connected is called the outside.
- the arrow indicates the direction of the external air flow, and the fin 14 is not shown.
- the inflow plate 120 divides the inside of the header 12 into an inflow portion 12F and a circulation portion 12S located above the inflow portion 12F.
- a pipe 15 is connected to the inflow portion 12F.
- the end portions of a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are connected to the circulation portion 12S.
- the first partition member 121 is provided inside the header 12 along the longitudinal direction of the tubular header 12 (that is, the stacking direction of the flat heat transfer tubes 11).
- the first partition member 121 divides the circulation portion S into an ascending path 12Su located on the inner side and a descending path 12Sd located on the outer side.
- the cross-sectional areas of the ascending path 12Su and the descending path 12Sd can be designed in advance according to the state and type of the flowing refrigerant. These items can be appropriately set according to the performance required for the heat exchanger 5.
- the first partition member 121 is provided so as to be separated from the upper surface and the bottom surface of the header 12.
- the first partition member 121 forms an upper communication passage 12St that communicates the ascending passage 12Su and the descending passage 12Sd on the upper side inside the circulation portion 12S.
- the first partition member 121 forms a lower communication passage 12Sb that communicates the ascending passage 12Su and the descending passage 12Sd on the lower side inside the circulation portion S.
- the upper end of the first partition member 121 is located above the uppermost flat heat transfer tube 11 among the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the lower end of the first partition member 121 is located below the flat heat transfer tube 11 at the bottom of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the inflow plate 120 has at least one first ejection hole (orifice) 121H1 for ejecting the refrigerant from the inflow portion 12F to the ascending path 12Su on the ascending path 12Su side and the leeward side. Further, the first ejection hole 121H1 is located between the first partition member 121 and the ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 in a top view. In this way, since the first ejection hole 121H1 is arranged at a position where it does not overlap with the end portions of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11, the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the circulation portion 12S is transmitted to the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11. It is possible to prevent deceleration by the heat tube 11.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a case where one first ejection hole 121H1 is formed in the inflow plate 120.
- a plurality of first ejection holes 121H1 may be formed in the inflow plate 120.
- the number and size (cross-sectional area) of the first ejection holes 121H1 can be designed in advance according to the state and type of the flowing refrigerant. These items can be appropriately set according to the performance required for the heat exchanger 5.
- the inflow plate 120 may have at least one second ejection hole for ejecting the refrigerant from the inflow portion 12F to the ascending passage 12Su on the ascending path 12Su side and on the windward side of the first ejection hole 121H1. good.
- the second ejection hole is formed smaller than the first ejection hole 121H1. In other words, the first ejection hole 121H1 is formed larger than the second ejection hole.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an inflow plate 120 having a second ejection hole 121H2. As shown in FIG. 4, the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side is formed larger than the second ejection hole 121H2 on the leeward side.
- the header 13 is a refrigerant flow path that is paired with the header 12 and has a tubular shape (for example, a cylindrical shape).
- the header 13 has substantially the same configuration as the header 12.
- the pipe 16 and the other ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are connected to the header 13.
- the other ends of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 are connected, and the refrigerants flowing out from the flat heat transfer tubes 11 merge in the header 13.
- the fin 14 extends in a direction intersecting the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 and joins the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the fins 14 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 at a predetermined pitch with an interval for air to pass through.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining the circulation of the refrigerant in the header 12.
- FIG. 5 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the header 12 and the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 as viewed from the windward side.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the header 12 as viewed from the side of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the dot region of the circulation portion 12S schematically illustrates the distribution of the liquid refrigerant
- the white region of the circulation portion 12S schematically illustrates the distribution of the gas refrigerant.
- the fin 14 is not shown.
- the refrigerant (gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant) supplied from the pipe 15 to the inflow portion 12F is ejected to the circulation portion 12S through the first ejection hole 121H1 of the inflow plate 120.
- the first ejection hole 121H1 is formed on the ascending path 12Su side and the leeward side in the inflow portion 12F. Therefore, the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the circulation portion 12S rises on the leeward side of the ascending path 12Su as shown by the arrow A1 in FIG.
- the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 into the ascending path 12Su of the circulation portion 12S is a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant of a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant, but the gas refrigerant has a higher flow velocity than the liquid refrigerant. fast. Therefore, when the refrigerant is ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the leeward side of the ascending path 12Su and rises, most of the gas refrigerant rises from the first ejection hole 121H1 as shown by the arrow A1 in FIG. It flows vigorously toward the upper part of the leeward side of the road 12Su.
- the liquid refrigerant having a slow flow velocity is pushed out from the leeward side to the leeward side by the air flow of the gas refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 as shown by the arrow A2 in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a large amount of high-velocity gas refrigerant that has blown up is distributed on the leeward side of the ascending path 12Su, and a large amount of liquid refrigerant that is slower than the gas refrigerant is distributed on the leeward side of the ascending path 12Su. It will be distributed.
- the refrigerant having the phase distribution shown in FIG. 6 is divided into a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the refrigerant divided into the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 flows through each of the flat heat transfer tubes 11, the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air through the fins 14 is gasified and flows out to the header 13.
- the refrigerant that has not been divided into the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 reverses the vertical flow direction in the upper connecting passage 12St and flows into the descending path 12Sd of the circulation portion 12S.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the descending path 12Sd descends from the descending path 12Sd of the circulation portion 12S, reverses the vertical flow direction in the lower continuous passage 12Sb, and flows into the ascending path 12Su again.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the ascending path 12Su as described above merges with the refrigerant newly ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 into the circulation portion 12S, and the same circulation is repeated again.
- the gas refrigerant can be vigorously ejected to the upper part of the ascending path 12Su.
- the flow rate ratio of the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant in the width direction of each of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 can be changed by the upward flow of the gas refrigerant on the leeward side.
- a large amount of liquid refrigerant is diverted to the wind side, which has a large amount of heat exchange, among the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerants, and the leeward side, which has a small amount of heat exchange compared to the wind side.
- a large amount of gas refrigerant can be diverted.
- the effect of making the flow rate ratios of the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant different in the width direction of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is called a refrigerant phase distribution bias effect.
- the bias effect of the refrigerant phase distribution also acts on the flat heat transfer tube 11 on the upper part of the header 12 because the gas refrigerant is vigorously ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the upper part of the ascending path 12Su. Further, since the liquid refrigerant is vigorously ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 together with the gas refrigerant to the upper part of the ascending path 12Su, the inflow of the liquid refrigerant into the flat heat transfer tube 11 at the lowermost stage can be suppressed.
- the inflow plate 120 is provided with the second ejection hole 121H2 on the leeward side and the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side (see FIG. 4).
- the liquid refrigerant that tends to stay on the windward side of the upper surface of the inflow plate 120 can be pushed up by the gas refrigerant ejected from the second ejection hole 121H2, and the liquid refrigerant can be pushed up to the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11. It is possible to suppress the unevenness of the amount of the flowing refrigerant.
- the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side is formed larger than the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side.
- the amount of refrigerant flowing into the circulation portion 12S from each of the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side and the second ejection hole 121H2 on the leeward side is proportional to the opening area of each. Therefore, the amount of the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side can be increased as compared with the amount of the refrigerant ejected from the second ejection hole 121H2 on the leeward side.
- the inflow plate 120 has the second ejection hole 121H2 on the leeward side and the first ejection hole 121H1 on the leeward side, the wind having a large amount of heat exchange among the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerants.
- a large amount of liquid refrigerant can be diverted to the upper side, and a large amount of gas refrigerant can be diverted to the leeward side where the amount of heat exchange is smaller than that of the leeward side.
- the refrigerant can be diverted to each flat heat transfer tube 11 in consideration of the difference in the amount of heat exchange between the leeward and leeward flow paths. ..
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the header 12 of the heat exchanger 5 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the header 12 of the heat exchanger 5 according to the second embodiment as viewed from the windward direction.
- the heat exchanger 5 according to the second embodiment has a second structure in the circulation portion 12S in the header 12 in addition to the configuration of the heat exchanger 5 according to the first embodiment. It is configured to further include a partition member.
- the second partition member 123 divides the circulation portion 12S in the header 12 into an upper circulation portion 12S1 located on the upper side and a lower circulation portion 12S2 located on the lower side.
- the second partition member 123 is provided, for example, in the center or above the center of the circulation portion S with respect to the stacking direction of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 (longitudinal direction of the header 12 in FIGS. 7 and 8).
- the number of flat heat transfer tubes 11 connected to the upper circulation portion 12S1 is 4, and the number of flat heat transfer tubes 11 connected to the lower circulation portion 12S2 is 5.
- FIGS 9A and 9B are cross-sectional views taken along the line aa of FIG. 8 and correspond to the front view of the second partition member 123.
- the second partition member 123 has an opening 123H1 on the ascending path 12Su side and the leeward side.
- the opening 123H1 ejects the refrigerant from the lower circulation portion 12S2 to the upper circulation portion 12S1.
- the second partition member 123 has at least one opening 123H2 on the descending path 12Sd side for ejecting the refrigerant from the upper circulation portion 12S1 to the lower circulation portion 12S2.
- the shape of the opening 123H1 may be a hole shape or a notch shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the opening 123H1 has a positional relationship so as to overlap with at least one first ejection hole 121H1 in a top view. For example, the opening 123H1 is located above (for example, directly above) the first ejection hole 121H1 of the inflow plate 120. Further, the size (opening area) of the opening 123H1 is larger than, for example, the total opening area of at least one first ejection hole 121H1.
- the positional relationship and the size relationship between the opening 123H1 and the first ejection hole 121H1 are as follows. That is, this is to prevent the portion of the second partition member 123 other than the opening 123H1 (that is, the plate-shaped portion) from becoming the flow path resistance of the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1.
- the specific number and size of the openings 123H1 can be designed in advance according to the state and type of the flowing refrigerant. These items can be appropriately set according to the performance required for the heat exchanger 5.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the header 12 as seen from the side of the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11.
- the dot region of the circulation portion 12S schematically shows the distribution of the liquid refrigerant
- the white region of the circulation portion 12S schematically shows the distribution of the gas refrigerant.
- the fin 14 is not shown.
- the refrigerant (gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant) supplied from the pipe 15 to the inflow portion 12F enters the ascending path 12Su of the lower circulation portion 12S2 via the first ejection hole 121H1 of the inflow plate 120. It is ejected.
- the first ejection hole 121H1 is formed on the ascending path 12Su side and the leeward side in the inflow portion 12F. Therefore, the refrigerant ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the ascending path 12Su of the lower circulation portion 12S2 rises vigorously on the leeward side as shown by the arrow A3 in FIG.
- the refrigerant in which a large amount of gas refrigerant is distributed on the leeward side and a large amount of liquid refrigerant is distributed on the windward side is divided into a plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 connected to the lower circulation portion 12S2.
- the refrigerant divided into the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 connected to the lower circulation portion 12S2 flows through the flat heat transfer tubes 11, the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air through the fins 14 is gasified and flows out to the header 13. .
- the refrigerant that has not been divided into the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 is ejected from the opening 123H1 of the second partition member 123 to the ascending path 12Su of the upper circulation portion 12S1.
- Most of the gas refrigerant is accelerated again by the opening 123H1 of the second partition member 123, and as shown by the arrow A4 in FIG. 10, it rises vigorously toward the upper side of the upper circulation portion 12S1.
- the above-mentioned bias effect of the refrigerant phase distribution is realized in the upper circulation portion 12S1.
- the refrigerant that has not been diverted into the plurality of flat heat transfer tubes 11 connected to the upper circulation portion 12S1 reverses the vertical flow direction in the upper communication passage 12St and flows into the descending passage 12Sd of the circulation portion 12S.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the descending passage 12Sd descends from the descending passage 12Sd of the circulation portion 12S, reverses the vertical flow direction in the lower continuous passage 12Sb, and flows into the ascending passage 12Su of the lower circulation portion 12S2 again.
- the upper circulation portion 12S1 can also realize the effect of biasing the refrigerant phase distribution without lowering the efficiency as compared with the lower circulation portion 12S2.
- the refrigerant diversion can be more efficiently performed for each flat heat transfer tube 11 in consideration of the difference in the amount of heat exchange between the leeward and leeward flow paths.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a case where a low circulation amount (low flow rate) refrigerant is flowed into the header of the first embodiment as a comparative example with the header shown in FIG. Comparing the header shown in FIG. 11 with the header shown in FIG. 10, the header shown in FIG. 11 does not have the second partition member 123 having the opening 123H1.
- the shaded region of the ascending path 12Su of the circulation portion 12S is the distribution of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant
- the dot region of the circulation portion 12S is the distribution of the liquid refrigerant
- the white region of the circulation portion 12S is the gas refrigerant.
- Each distribution is schematically illustrated. Further, in FIG. 11, the fin 14 is not shown.
- the bias effect of the refrigerant phase distribution is caused by the gas refrigerant being accelerated again by the opening 123H1 and vigorously ejected above the upper circulation portion 12S1. It also acts more efficiently on the flat heat transfer tube 11 above. Further, since the gas refrigerant is vigorously ejected from the first ejection hole 121H1 to the upper part of the upper circulation portion 12S1, the inflow of the liquid refrigerant into the flat heat transfer tube 11 at the lowermost stage can be suppressed.
- the refrigerant can be diverted to each flat heat transfer tube 11 in consideration of the difference in the amount of heat exchange between the leeward and leeward flow paths. ..
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(空気調和機)
図1は、実施の形態1に係る熱交換器4および熱交換器5が適用される空気調和機1の構成を説明する図である。図1に示すように、空気調和機1は、室内機2と、室外機3とを備える。室内機2は、室内用の熱交換器4が設けられ、室外機3には、室外用の熱交換器5のほかに、圧縮機6、膨張弁7、四方弁8が設けられている。
実施の形態1に係る熱交換器は、熱交換器4および熱交換器5のいずれにも適用可能である。以下においては、説明を具体的にするため、実施の形態1に係る熱交換器を、暖房運転時に蒸発器として機能する熱交換器5に適用するものとして説明する。
次に、ヘッダ内での冷媒の循環について説明する。なお、以下においては、説明を具体的にするため、ヘッダ12を例とする。
次に、実施の形態2に係る熱交換器について説明する。
次に、ヘッダ内での冷媒の循環について図8、図10を参照しながら説明する。
2 室内機
3 室外機
4、5 熱交換器
6 圧縮機
7 膨張弁
8 四方弁
11 扁平伝熱管
12、13 ヘッダ
14 フィン
15、16 配管
12F 流入部
12S 循環部
12S1 上循環部
12S2 下循環部
12Su 上昇路
12Sd 下降路
12St 上側連通路
12Sb 下側連通路
120 流入板
121 第1の仕切り部材
121H1 第1の噴出孔
121H2 第2の噴出孔
123 第2の仕切り部材
123H1 開口部
Claims (5)
- 間隔を開けて積層された複数の扁平伝熱管と、
複数の前記扁平伝熱管の端部が接続された中空のヘッダと、を備え、
前記ヘッダは、
前記ヘッダの内部を、冷媒が流入する流入部と、前記流入部の上側に位置し複数の前記扁平伝熱管の端部が接続される循環部とに区画する流入板と、
前記循環部を、複数の前記扁平伝熱管の前記端部が接続される側である内側に位置する上昇路と、前記内側と反対側である外側に位置する下降路とに区画し、前記循環部の内部の上側で前記上昇路と前記下降路とを連通させる上側連通路を形成し、前記循環部の内部の下側で前記上昇路と前記下降路とを連通させる下側連通路とを形成する第1の仕切り部材と、
を有し、
前記流入板は、前記上昇路側且つ風下側において、冷媒を前記流入部から前記上昇路に噴出する少なくとも一つの第1の噴出孔を有する熱交換器。 - 前記流入板は、前記上昇路側且つ少なくとも一つの前記第1の噴出孔に対して風上側において、冷媒を前記流入部から前記上昇路に噴出する少なくとも一つの第2の噴出孔を有し、
少なくとも一つの前記第2の噴出孔は、少なくとも一つの前記第1の噴出孔に比して小さく形成されている、
請求項1に記載の熱交換器。 - 前記ヘッダは、前記循環部を上側に位置する上循環部と下側に位置する下循環部とに区画する第2の仕切り部材をさらに有し、
前記第2の仕切り部材は、前記上昇路側且つ風下側において、冷媒を前記下循環部から前記上循環部に噴出する開口部を有する、
請求項1に記載の熱交換器。 - 前記第2の仕切り部材は、複数の前記扁平伝熱管の積層方向に関して、前記循環部の中央又は中央よりも上方に設けられている請求項3に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記開口部は、上面視において少なくとも一つの前記第1の噴出孔と重なる請求項3に記載の熱交換器。
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AU2021233334A AU2021233334B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-01 | Heat exchanger |
CN202180019039.6A CN115244356A (zh) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-01 | 换热器 |
US17/907,877 US20230133342A1 (en) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-01 | Heat exchanger |
EP21767675.8A EP4119867A4 (en) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-01 | HEAT EXCHANGER |
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US20240155808A1 (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-09 | Amulaire Thermal Technology, Inc. | Two-phase immersion-cooling heat-dissipation composite structure having high-porosity solid structure and high-thermal-conductivity fins |
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