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WO2021057193A1 - 一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法 - Google Patents

一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057193A1
WO2021057193A1 PCT/CN2020/101377 CN2020101377W WO2021057193A1 WO 2021057193 A1 WO2021057193 A1 WO 2021057193A1 CN 2020101377 W CN2020101377 W CN 2020101377W WO 2021057193 A1 WO2021057193 A1 WO 2021057193A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
construction
hoistway
elevator
platform
installation
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PCT/CN2020/101377
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘旭冉
伊达
任志平
侯春明
张兴志
杜福祥
戴超
武雄飞
赵云鹏
马靖华
赵长江
王丹
吕桂元
张萍
陈春辉
毋敏
谭亚江
胡洪海
董欢欢
杨军东
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中建三局集团有限公司
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Application filed by 中建三局集团有限公司 filed Critical 中建三局集团有限公司
Publication of WO2021057193A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057193A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/162—Handles to carry construction blocks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of construction of super high-rise building elevators, and specifically relates to a construction method for the super high-rise fire elevator without scaffolding in sections.
  • the fire elevator is one of the indispensable vertical transportation methods, whether it is in the formal use stage after the delivery of the building, or in the construction process of the electromechanical and finishing engineering in the early stage.
  • Super high-rise buildings over 300m are particularly prominent. Due to the high height of super high-rise buildings, many floors, and tight construction period, the formation of the formal fire elevator directly determines the time for the removal of the construction elevator and the closure of the facade curtain wall, which is of great significance for the vertical transportation conversion and construction deployment of the tower.
  • the traditional elevator installation method requires the installation of scaffolding in the elevator hoistway, and the scaffolding needs to be erected from the bottom of the hoistway to the construction site in the hoistway. According to the different construction heights, the scaffolding is constantly changing. While constructing, the height of the scaffolding is increased until the installation of the entire fire elevator is completed. Especially for high-rise buildings, scaffolding is not only a large amount of work, but also requires a lot of manpower, material resources and time for the transportation, installation, disassembly, and storage of the scaffold. At the same time, the installation of super high-rise fire elevators runs through the entire tower, and the traditional approach is the main body of the tower.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for the super-high-rise fire elevator without scaffolding in sections.
  • the purpose of the construction method is to intersperse the construction and installation process of the fire elevator with the construction process of the main structure of the building, while adopting the construction process without scaffolding , Which greatly shortens the installation time of the fire elevator, saves the cost of erecting scaffolding, and greatly accelerates the construction progress.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a construction method for super high-rise fire elevator without scaffolding in sections, including the following construction steps:
  • segmentation optimization of the fire elevator segment construction divide the installation of the fire elevator into a number of construction sections along the vertical direction of the hoistway, and two adjacent construction sections are separated by a segment layer; the fire elevator is carried out below the segment layer Continue to complete the construction of the tower main body and the secondary structure of the hoistway above the section level, and install the fire elevator in the construction section above the section level after the completion of the tower main body and the secondary structure of the hoistway;
  • the segmented layer includes section steel, a flat steel pipe frame, a bottom plate and a waterproof structure layer;
  • the section steel is horizontally arranged in the hoistway, and the two ends of the section steel are respectively fixedly connected to the structures on the opposite sides of the hoistway;
  • the flat steel pipe frame is made up of several steel pipes fixedly connected by fasteners.
  • the flat steel pipe frame is placed on the profiled steel; the bottom plate is fixedly laid on the steel pipe frame;
  • the waterproof structure layer includes a waterproof layer arranged layer by layer from bottom to top And a mortar protective layer, the waterproof structure layer waterproofing the segmented layer and the part where the segmented layer connects with the hoistway;
  • the special installation lifting platform includes the middle model platform and the mobile working platform located under the middle model platform;
  • the intermediate model platform includes the main bearing steel beam, the secondary steel beam and the face plate; the two ends of the main bearing steel beam are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the hoistway, the floor adjacent to the hoistway or In the holes reserved for the construction of the secondary structure of the hoistway, the secondary steel beam is fixedly connected to the main bearing steel beam, and the panel is fixedly connected to the secondary steel beam; The hole is for the steel wire rope to pass through; the two lifting rings are fixedly connected on the lower side of the secondary steel beam, and the lifting rings are used as the fixed points of the mobile working platform;
  • a steel support frame is fixedly installed on the model platform; the steel support frame is fixedly connected to the shear wall of the hoistway through expansion bolts; a lifting steel beam is fixedly installed on the steel support frame; The lifting lugs are fixedly installed on the lifting steel beam;
  • the mobile working platform includes a material rack, a platform guide rail and a wire rope hoisting device; the wire rope hoisting device is fixedly installed on the material rack; a climbing ladder is fixed vertically on the bottom side wall of the hoistway, A temporary scaffolding platform is set up in the pit of the hoistway, and the platform guide rails are installed by using the temporary scaffolding platform and the climbing ladder, and the platform guide rails are fixedly connected to the side wall of the hoistway; the mobile working platform is hoisted to the temporary scaffolding platform by hoisting, and the material is supported.
  • S6a Set the segmented floor in the elevator machine room on the top of the tower main body, repeat steps S3 to S4, use the constructed segmented floor as the basis for installing the special installation lifting platform, and install the special installation lifting platform again in the elevator machine room;
  • step S6b After step S6a is completed, continue to use the dedicated installation and lifting platform to complete the remaining parts of the fire elevator, including the machine room host, speed limiter, control cabinet, cables and other components; install the host machine and other equipment through the reserved structural holes on the top of the machine room Lift into the computer room, and install the host, speed limiter, drive cabinet, control cabinet and other equipment in sequence; at the same time, use the special installation lifting platform to place the accompanying cables from top to bottom.
  • the accompanying cables need to be released by rotating trays to avoid damage to the cables.
  • step S7 After all the construction of step S6 is completed, before the construction of the car frame, traction rope, hoistway electrical and counterweight of the fire elevator, the special installation lifting platform and the sub-layer that have been constructed shall be removed and removed. All temporary structures in the hoistway, and then complete the construction and installation of the car frame, traction rope, hoistway electrical and counterweight of the fire elevator; finally, the overall installation and commissioning of the fire elevator is carried out until the entire construction and installation process of the fire elevator is completed.
  • the refuge layer is selected as the segmented layer, and the number of the segmented layers is 2 to 3.
  • the waterproof layer is a waterproof coiled material.
  • the waterproof coiled material is constructed, the waterproof coiled material is turned up at least 100 mm along the side wall of the hoistway.
  • a layer of colored striped cloth is additionally laid on the waterproof structure layer in step S2, and the colored striped cloth is fixed by wiping a 100mm wide chamfer with horizontal mortar around the hoistway.
  • the panel in the step S2 is a checkered steel plate after 5mm
  • the main bearing steel beam is an H-shaped steel
  • the secondary steel beam is a channel steel.
  • a herringbone steel plate is welded to the top of the material rack for protection.
  • the present invention provides a construction method for the super high-rise fire elevator without scaffolding in sections, and also discloses the equipment required for the construction method, such as a special installation lifting platform and its specific structure, And the detailed installation process.
  • the present invention firstly divides the construction of the fire elevator into sections, and then can install the fire elevator in advance when the main body of the tower and the secondary structure are completely completed, and insert the installation of the fire elevator into the construction of the main structure of the building. In order to save the construction and installation time of the fire elevator, and speed up the construction process.
  • Another inventive point of the present invention is to provide a method of how to carry out construction segmentation, which explains in detail how to set up the segmentation layer and the specific structure of the segmentation layer, and provides the specific implementation plan of the construction segmentation for the convenience of peers. Can be implemented quickly.
  • Another inventive point of the present invention is that it discloses a dedicated installation and lifting platform and its specific structure, as well as a specific method of use and construction sequence. The installation of various parts of the fire elevator is realized through the special installation and lifting platform.
  • the method for installing the fire elevator in sections is described in detail.
  • the method discloses each specific construction step and the complete and detailed construction sequence.
  • Each construction step and construction sequence disclosed are all applications.
  • the technical achievements obtained after the implementation of the concrete installation of fire elevators also provide a lot of valuable practical experience and foundation for the industry personnel.
  • the construction method disclosed in this case not only saves the manpower, material and financial resources for erecting scaffolding, but also saves the construction time of fire elevators, thereby speeding up the overall construction progress of high-rise buildings, which has very important practical significance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the segmented layer in the hoistway in the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the vertical structure installation of the special installation lifting platform in the hoistway in the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses a construction method for super high-rise fire elevator without scaffolding in sections, which specifically includes the following construction steps:
  • S1 Super high-rise fire elevator segmented construction optimization analysis, according to the construction progress of the secondary structure of the hoistway 1, the hole plugging and the water interception measures of the hall door, the corresponding refuge layer is selected as the segmented layer, and the above steps have been completed below the segmented layer
  • Fire elevators can be installed in advance for floors above the segmented floor, and fire elevators can be installed on the floors below the segmented floor while continuing the construction of the tower main body and the secondary structure of the hoistway 1. After the construction is completed, fire fighting will be carried out.
  • Elevator installation at the same time, considering the subsequent transfer of elevator installation equipment, the segment should not be too many, and should be divided into 2 to 3 segments; the construction sample line as the basis for opening the hole should be comprehensively considered the verticality of the hoistway 1, and the structure of the elevator machine room on the top should be considered. After the construction of the bottom plate is completed, release the line from the bottom plate of the elevator machine room to the bottom of the foundation pit to ensure the unity of the upper and lower section construction sample lines;
  • S2a Hard protection and waterproof partition construction at the segmented layer.
  • the two horizontal hard partitions in the elevator hoistway 1 at the segmented floor are made of three 16# I-beams 4, the I-beam 4 is 900mm apart, and a flat steel pipe frame 2 is set up on the I-beam 4.
  • the plane steel pipe frame 2 adopts ordinary steel pipes arranged along the vertical and horizontal directions at a distance of 450mm, and the steel pipes are connected by fasteners. Two layers of 15mm thick wooden formwork are laid on the steel pipe as the bottom plate, and the lower wooden formwork is fixed with 14# iron wire and flat steel pipe frame 2.
  • FIG. 1 Lay waterproof coiled material on the wooden formwork as a waterproof partition.
  • a mortar protective layer is set above the coiled material.
  • the mortar protective layer also serves as a slope-finding layer. Look for the slope against the floor with a slope of 3%, and clean up the product in time.
  • Water, and the waterproof coiled material on the side of the shear wall close to the hoistway 1 should be turned up at least 100mm.
  • a layer of colored striped cloth is laid on the protective layer of cement mortar, and the colored striped cloth is fixed by wiping a 100mm wide chamfer with horizontal mortar around the hoistway 1.
  • S2b Construction of a dedicated installation and lifting platform.
  • the special installation lifting platform includes a middle model platform and a mobile working platform located below the middle model platform. Install an intermediate model platform under the segmented layer.
  • the intermediate model platform includes the main bearing steel beam 9, the secondary steel beam 8 and the face plate 7.
  • the primary bearing steel beam 9 is made of H-shaped steel
  • the secondary steel beam 8 is made of channel steel
  • the face plate 7 is made of 5mm thick patterned steel plate.
  • One end of the main bearing steel beam 9 is fixed on the floor slab, and the other end is placed in the hole reserved during the construction phase of the structure behind the counterweight.
  • the channel steel is fixedly connected to the main bearing steel beam 9 through a number of anchor bolts, and the panel 7 and channel steel are fixed by welding, and a hanging hole is opened on the panel 7 according to the passage line placed on the floor of the elevator machine room.
  • Two M27 hoist rings are welded on the underside of the secondary steel beam 8, and the hoist rings are used as the fixed points of the mobile working platform.
  • the steel support frame 5 is fixedly installed on the model platform.
  • the steel support frame 5 is fixedly connected with the shear wall of the hoistway 1 through M16 expansion bolts; the lifting steel beam is fixedly installed on the steel support frame 5 by 4 M14 bolts; the lifting lugs 6 are welded on the lifting steel beam.
  • the mobile work platform includes a material rack 12, a platform guide rail 11 and a wire rope hoisting device; the wire rope hoisting device is fixedly installed on the material rack 12.
  • the mobile working platform has a load of 2000kg according to the lifting equipment, and the lower end of the mobile working platform is sequentially connected with a test chain, a force measuring instrument and a test bracket fixed on the back wall of the hoistway 1; Then start the wire rope hoisting device, and when the force measuring device reaches the 4T load, check that the hoisting ring, test bracket and other equipment are not deformed, thereby completing the installation and debugging of the mobile working platform.
  • the ladder 10 To install the platform rail 11, the ladder 10 must be installed on the bottom wall of the hoistway 1. After completion, a temporary scaffold 13 platform is erected from the pit, and the platform rail 11 is installed according to the positioning pattern. After the installation of the platform guide rail 11 is completed, transport the material rack 12 to the corresponding floor of the pit temporary scaffold 13 platform, and install the hoisting pendant 4 meters above the temporary scaffold 13 on the rear wall of the hoistway 1, and then hang the hoisting gourd to place the material rack 12 Slowly hoist into the hoistway 1, use a safety wire rope to penetrate the brake device on the material rack 12, and fix the material rack 12 on the hoisting ring of the segmented layer model platform. The material rack 12 runs along the length of the platform rail 11.
  • the material rack 12 is equipped with a hoisting wire rope, a secondary protection wire rope and a safety gear.
  • a herringbone steel cover plate is finally welded on the top of the material rack 12 as a secondary safety protection.
  • S3 Sectional installation and construction of fire elevators, of which:
  • S3a Installation of guide rails, hall doors and hoistway 1 trunking below the segment level, using mobile working platforms to install the parts of the fire elevator below the segment level.
  • Parts and components include guide rails for fire elevators, guide rail brackets, hall equipment, and trunking Wait.
  • the guide rail bracket and the guide rail installation are carried out at the same time, and the guide rail installation process is hoisting-row guide rail adjustment completed-row guide rail installation, hoisting and adjusting the guide rail at the same time.
  • the same mobile work platform is used to install the hall door equipment and wiring ducts in the first stage.
  • the hall door equipment is installed from top to bottom.
  • the corresponding floor must be provided before the hall door equipment is installed. Elevation control lines and data.
  • S3b The special installation lifting platform is transferred to the elevator machine room. After the installation of the guide rails, hall doors and hoistway 1 trunking below the section level is completed, the special installation lifting platform is lowered to the temporary scaffold 13 platform at the bottom pit, and the lifting wire rope and The safety wire rope is disconnected from the mobile working platform, and the intermediate model platform and the mobile working platform are removed and transferred to the side wall of the shear wall of the elevator machine room. Use the pre-embedded hook of the elevator machine room hook beam as the fixed point of the wire rope of the mobile working platform, and then lower the wire rope to connect with the mobile working platform;
  • S3c Installation of guide rails, hall doors and hoistway 1 wire ducts above the section level, and installation of guide rails, hall doors and hoistway 1 wire ducts below the same section level;
  • S3d Install the host, speed limiter, control cabinet, cables and other structural accessories in the computer room, hoist the host and other equipment into the computer room through the structural holes on the top of the computer room, and install the host, speed limiter, drive cabinet, control cabinet, etc. in sequence Equipment; At the same time, a dedicated installation and lifting platform is used to place the accompanying cable from top to bottom.
  • the accompanying cable needs to be released by a rotating tray to avoid damage to the cable; when placing the accompanying cable, install the rail clamp at the height set by the rope and counterweight The frame is temporarily placed on the rail clamp, the compensation rope counterweight is installed to the pit with a manned lifting device, and the buffer is installed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，包括消防电梯分段施工优化分段、专用安装提升平台的施工以及分段层以下的消防电梯施工的整个施工步骤；该施工方法同时也公开了该施工方法所需用到的设备，如专用安装提升平台及其具体结构、以及详细的安装过程；该施工方法首先是通过将消防电梯的施工进行施工分段，进而可以在塔楼主体和二次结构为完全施工完成的情况下提前对消防电梯进行安装，将消防电梯的安装穿插至建筑主体结构的施工中，以节约消防电梯的施工安装时间，加快施工进程。

Description

一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法 技术领域
本发明属于超高层建筑电梯施工技术领域，具体涉及一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法。
背景技术
随着经济建设发展，超高层建筑的高度和体量都在不断刷新。消防电梯作为建筑物实现使用功能的重要组成部分，无论是在后期建筑交付后正式使用阶段，还是前期机电及精装修工程施工过程中，都是不可或缺的垂直运输方式之一，尤其在高度超过300m的超高层建筑显得格外突出。由于超高层建筑高度高、楼层多、工期紧等特点，正式消防电梯的形成直接决定了施工电梯的拆除和外立面幕墙封闭的时间，对于塔楼垂直运输转换及施工部署具有重要的意义。
传统的电梯安装方法需要在电梯的井道内安装脚手架，需由井道底部将脚手架搭设至井道内施工处。根据施工高度的不同，脚手架的搭设也在不断的发生变化，一边施工一边增加脚手架的高度，直至完成整个消防电梯的安装。尤其是高层建筑，搭设脚手架不仅工程量大，且脚手架的运输、安装、拆卸、保管等都需要消耗大量的人力、物力和时间；同时由于超高层消防电梯安装贯穿整个塔楼，传统做法为塔楼主体结构、井道二次结构及电梯机房结构全部施工完成后，再进行消防电梯的安装工作。待消防电梯验收备案后再进行塔楼外立面施工电梯拆除、幕墙封堵及精装收尾等工作。整个施工安装过程耗时过长，对于大型综合体建筑而言，也不利于裙楼商业区的提前开放。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，该施工方法的目的旨在将消防电梯的施工安装工序穿插于建筑主体结构施工工序中，同时采用无脚手架的施工工艺，极大地缩短了消防电梯的安装时间、节约搭设脚手架成本、大幅加快施工进度。
本发明的技术方案如下：一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，包括如下施工步骤：
S1，消防电梯分段施工优化分段：沿井道竖直方向将消防电梯的安装分为若干施工段，相邻两个施工段通过分段层进行分隔；在所述分段层以下进行消防电梯的安装；在所述分段层以上继续完成塔楼主体及井道二次结构施工，待塔楼主体及井道二次结构完成以后，在进行分段层以上施工段的消防电梯安装；
在进行分段层以下部分的消防电梯安装时，从机房或者井道最高处放通线至井道的基坑底部，保证消防电梯的安装不会出现偏差；
S2，分段层的施工：所述分段层包括型钢、平面钢管架、底板以及防水结构层；所述型钢水平布置于井道中，型钢的两端分别与井道的相对两侧结构固定连接；所述平面钢管架由若干根钢管通过扣件固定连接而成，平面钢管架放置在型钢上；所述底板固定铺设在钢管架上；所述防水结构层包括由下至上逐层设置的防水层以及砂浆保护层，该防水结构层对分段层以及分段层与井道相接的部位进行防水隔断；
S3，专用安装提升平台的施工：专用安装提升平台包括中间样板平台和位于中间样板平台下方的移动工作平台；
S3a，中间样板平台的施工：中间样板平台包括主承力钢梁、次钢梁以及面板；将所述主承力钢梁的两端分别固定连接在井道侧壁、与井道相邻的楼板或者井道二次结构施工预留的孔洞内，将所述次钢梁固定连接在主承力钢梁上，将所述面板固定连接在次钢梁上；在所述面板上开设吊孔，该吊孔供钢丝绳穿过；在所述次钢梁的下侧固定连接两个吊环，该吊环作为移动工作平台的固定点；
所述中间样板平台施工完成后，在样板平台上固定安装钢支撑架；所述钢支撑架通过膨胀螺栓与井道的剪力墙固定连接；在所述钢支撑架上固定安装起吊钢梁；所述起吊钢梁上固定安装吊耳；
S3b，移动工作平台的施工：移动工作平台包括物料架、平台导轨以及钢丝绳卷扬装置；所述钢丝绳卷扬装置固定安装在物料架上；在井道的底部侧壁上固定竖向安装爬梯，在井道的底坑内搭设临时脚手架平台，利用临时脚手架平台和爬梯安装平台导轨，平台导轨竖向固定连接在井道的侧壁；将所述移动工作平台通过葫芦吊运至临时脚手架平台上，将物料架与平台导轨上下滑动连接，促使轿厢导轨对该移动工作平台上下运行时进行限位和导向；将所述钢丝绳卷扬装置的钢丝绳向上穿过吊孔，完成钢丝绳卷扬装置与次钢梁上的吊环以及起吊钢梁上的吊耳的连接；对移动工作平台进行调试，使该移动工作平台达到消防电梯安装所需吊运材料设备的极限荷载；
S4：分段层以下的消防电梯施工：利用移动工作平台提升分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件，零部件包括消防电梯用的导轨、导轨支架、门厅设备、线槽等；
S5：若设置有多个分段层，则重复步骤S3至S4，直至分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件全部完成安装；
S6：待分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件完成安装以后，然后拆除专用安装提升平台，其中分段层处的结构先不拆除；待分段层上部的塔楼主体和井道二次结构施工完成以后，则开始进行分段层以上部分的消防电梯的施工；
S6a：将分段层设置到塔楼主体顶部的电梯机房内，重复步骤S3至S4，利用已施工分段层作为安装专用安装提升平台的基础，在电梯机房内再次安装专用安装提升平台；
S6b：待步骤S6a完成以后，继续利用专用安装提升平台完成消防电梯的剩余部分，包括机房主机、限速器、控制柜、线缆等构配件安装；通过机房顶部预留结构孔洞将主机等设备吊至机房内，并依次安装主机、限速器、驱动柜、控制柜等设备；同时利用专用安装提升平台，由上到下放置随行电缆，随行电缆放置需利用旋转托盘进行释放，避免损伤电缆；放置随行电缆时，在绕绳设定的高度安装导轨夹并将对重框临时放置在导轨夹上，用载人提升设备将补偿绳配重安装至底坑，安装缓冲器，直至最终完成消防电梯全部安装完成并调试通过验收；
S7：步骤S6全部施工完成以后，在消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道电气以及配重施工前，先拆除后安装的专用安装提升平台以及已施工的分段层，并移除井道内所有的临时结构，然后再完成消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道电气以及配重的施工安装；最后对消防电梯进行整体安装调试，直至消防电梯整个施工安装过程完毕。
进一步：所述步骤S1中选择避难层作为分段层，且所述分段层的数量为2至3个。
进一步：所述步骤S2中防水层为防水卷材，所述防水卷材在施工时，防水卷材沿井道侧壁向上翻起至少100mm。
进一步：所述步骤S2中的防水结构层上还增加铺设一层彩条布，并在井道四周采用水平砂浆抹100mm宽倒角对彩条布进行固定。
进一步：所述步骤S2中的面板为5mm后的花纹钢板，所述主承力钢梁为H型钢，所述次钢梁为槽钢。
进一步：所述步骤S3b中，在物料架的顶部焊接有人字形钢板防护。
本方案的有益效果：本发明给出了一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装的施工方法，同时也公开了该施工方法所需用到的设备，如专用安装提升平台及其具体结构、以及详细的安装过程。本发明首先是通过将消防电梯的施工进行施工分段，进而可以在塔楼主体和二次结构为完全施工完成的情况下提前对消防电梯进行安装，将消防电梯的安装穿插至建筑主体结构的施工中，以节约消防电梯的施工安装时间，加快施工进程。
本发明的另一个发明点在于：提供了如何进行施工分段的方法，该方法详细的说明了如何设置分段层以及分段层的具体结构，提供了施工分段的具体实施方案，以便同行能够快速的进行实现。本发明的另一个发明点在于：公开了专用安装提升平台及 其具体的结构、以及具体的使用方法和施工顺序。通过专用安装提升平台进而实现消防电梯各个零部件的安装。
本案中，详细描述了消防电梯进行分段安装的方法，该方法公开了每一个具体的施工步骤，也公开了完整的详细的施工顺序，并且公开的每一个施工步骤和施工顺序，均是申请人在具体安装消防电梯实施后得来的技术成果，也为业内人员提供了大量的宝贵实践经验和基础。通过本案中公开的施工方法，不但可以节省搭设脚手架的人力、物力和财力，而且可以节省消防电梯的施工时间，进而加快高层建筑的整体施工进度，具有非常重要的现实意义。
附图说明
图1为本发明中分段层在井道内的平面结构示意图；
图2为本发明中专用安装提升平台在井道内的竖向结构安装示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
如图1和图2所示，本发明公开的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，具体包括如下施工步骤：
S1：超高层消防电梯分段施工优化分析，根据井道1二次结构、孔眼封堵及厅门截水措施的施工进度选择相应的避难层作为分段层，分段层以下即已完成上述工序的楼层可提前进行消防电梯的安装，分段层以上的楼层则可在分段层以下的楼层安装消防电梯的同时继续进行塔楼主体以及井道1二次结构施工，待施工完成后，再进行消防电梯的安装；同时考虑到后续电梯安装设备转移，分段不宜过多，宜选择分为2～3段；作为开洞依据的施工样线，应综合考虑井道1垂直度，待顶部电梯机房结构底板施工完成后，从电梯机房底板放通线至基坑底部，以保证上下分段施工样线的统一性；
S2：专用安装提升平台安装，其中：
S2a：分段层处硬质防护及防水隔断施工。分段层处电梯井道1内两道水平硬质隔断采用3根16#工字钢4，工字钢4间距900mm，工字钢4上搭设平面钢管架2。平面钢管架2采用普通钢管沿纵横向按照450mm间距布置，钢管间采用扣件连接。钢管上方满铺两层15mm厚木模板作为底板，其中下层木模板采用14#铁丝与平面钢管架2绑扎固定。
如图1所示：在木模板上铺设防水卷材作为防水隔断，卷材上方设砂浆保护层，砂浆保护层兼做找坡层，向靠楼板方向找坡，坡度3％，并及时清理积水，且靠近井道1的剪力墙一侧防水卷材应上翻至少100mm。为确保防水效果，特在水泥砂浆保护层上方铺设一层彩条布，并在井道1四周采用水平砂浆抹100mm宽倒角对彩条布进行固定。
S2b：专用安装提升平台的施工。专用安装提升平台包括中间样板平台和位于中间样板平台下方的移动工作平台。在分段层下方安装中间样板平台。中间样板平台包括主承力钢梁9、次钢梁8和面板7，主承力钢梁9采用H型钢，次钢梁8采用槽钢，面板7采用5mm厚花纹钢板。主承力钢梁9一端固定于楼板上、另一端放置在配重后侧结构施工阶段预留的孔洞内。槽钢通过若干个锚栓与主承力钢梁9固定连接，面板7与槽钢则通过焊接的方式固定，并根据电梯机房底板放设的通线在面板7上开设吊孔。在次钢梁8的下侧焊接两个M27吊环，该吊环作为移动工作平台的固定点。中间样板平台施工完成后，在样板平台上固定安装钢支撑架5。钢支撑架5通过M16膨胀螺栓与井道1的剪力墙固定连接；在钢支撑架5上通过4颗M14螺栓固定安装起吊钢梁；在起吊钢梁上焊接吊耳6。
S2c：移动工作平台的施工：移动工作平台包括物料架12、平台导轨11以及钢丝绳卷扬装置；钢丝绳卷扬装置固定安装在物料架12上。测试移动工作平台时，在本案中根据下列进行：移动工作平台根据起重设备而定载重为2000kg，在移动工作平台的下端依次连接测试链条、测力仪器及井道1后壁固定的测试支架；然后开动钢丝绳卷扬装置，其测力器到达4T载荷时，检查其吊环、测试支架及其他设备无变形，由此完成移动工作平台的安装调试。
平台导轨11安装则需先在井道1底墙面上安装爬梯10，完成后，从底坑搭设临时脚手架13平台，根据定位样线安装平台导轨11。平台导轨11安装完成后，将物料架12运至底坑临时脚手架13平台对应楼层内，并在井道1后壁临时脚手架13以上4米处安装吊装用挂件，然后悬挂吊装葫芦，将物料架12缓慢吊入井道1内，使用安全钢丝绳穿入物料架12上的制动装置，将物料架12固定在分段层样板平台的吊环上。物料架12沿平台导轨11的长度方向运行。物料架12上配置有1根提升钢丝绳、1根二次保护钢丝绳及安全钳。为防止起吊钢丝绳失效时移动工作平台坠落，最后在物料架12顶部焊接人字形钢盖板作为二次安全防护。；
S3：消防电梯分段安装施工，其中：
S3a：分段层以下导轨、厅门及井道1线槽安装，利用移动工作平台安装分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件，零部件包括消防电梯用的导轨、导轨支架、门厅设备、线槽等。导轨支架及导轨，其中导轨提升采用独立的设置于分段层处的物料架12进行提升。导轨支架和导轨安装同时进行，导轨安装流程为吊装-列导轨调校完成-列导轨安装，吊装和调校导轨同时进行。第一阶段导轨安装完成后，同样利用移动工作平台进行第一阶段的厅门设备以及线槽等部件的安装，由上向下依次进行厅门设备安装，安装厅门设备前需提供对应楼层的标高控制线及数据。
S3b：专用安装提升平台转移至电梯机房内，分段层以下导轨、厅门及井道1线槽安装完成后，将专用安装提升平台回落至底坑处临时脚手架13平台上，将起重钢丝绳及安全钢丝绳与移动工作平台脱开，将中间样板平台和移动工作平台拆除转移安装至电梯机房剪力墙侧壁。利用电梯机房吊钩梁预埋吊钩作为移动工作平台钢丝绳固定点，并重新下放钢丝绳与移动工作平台连接；
S3c：分段层以上导轨、厅门及井道1线槽安装，同分段层以下导轨、厅门及井道1线槽安装；
S3d：机房主机、限速器、控制柜、线缆等构配件安装，通过机房顶部预留结构孔洞将主机等设备吊至机房内，并依次安装主机、限速器、驱动柜、控制柜等设备；同时利用专用安装提升平台，由上到下放置随行电缆，随行电缆放置需利用旋转托盘进行释放，避免损伤电缆；放置随行电缆时，在绕绳设定的高度安装导轨夹并将对重框临时放置在导轨夹上，用载人提升设备将补偿绳配重安装至底坑，安装缓冲器。
S4：在消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道1电气以及配重施工前，先拆除后安装的专用安装提升平台以及已施工的分段层，并移除井道1内所有的临时结构，然后再完成消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道1电气以及配重的施工安装，最后对消防电梯进行整体安装调试，直至消防电梯整个施工安装过程完毕。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不以本发明为限制，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：包括如下施工步骤：
    S1，消防电梯分段施工优化分段：沿井道(1)竖直方向将消防电梯的安装分为若干施工段，相邻两个施工段通过分段层进行分隔；在所述分段层以下进行消防电梯的安装；在所述分段层以上继续完成塔楼主体及井道(1)二次结构施工，待塔楼主体及井道(1)二次结构完成以后，再进行分段层以上施工段的消防电梯安装；
    在进行分段层以下部分的消防电梯安装时，从电梯机房或者井道(1)最高处放通线至井道(1)的基坑底部，保证消防电梯的安装不会出现偏差；
    S2，分段层的施工：所述分段层包括型钢、平面钢管架(2)、底板以及防水结构层；所述型钢水平布置于井道(1)中，型钢的两端分别与井道(1)的相对两侧结构固定连接；所述平面钢管架(2)由若干根钢管通过扣件固定连接而成，平面钢管架(2)放置在型钢上；所述底板固定铺设在钢管架上；所述防水结构层包括由下至上逐层设置的防水层以及砂浆保护层，该防水结构层对分段层、以及分段层与井道(1)相接的部位进行防水隔断；
    S3，专用安装提升平台的施工：专用安装提升平台包括中间样板平台和位于中间样板平台下方的移动工作平台；
    S3a，中间样板平台的施工：中间样板平台包括主承力钢梁(9)、次钢梁(8)以及面板(7)；将所述主承力钢梁(9)的两端分别固定连接在井道(1)侧壁、与井道(1)相邻的楼板或者井道(1)二次结构施工预留的孔洞内，将所述次钢梁(8)固定连接在主承力钢梁(9)上，将所述面板(7)固定连接在次钢梁(8)上；在所述面板(7)上开设吊孔，该吊孔供钢丝绳穿过；在所述次钢梁(8)的下侧固定连接两个吊环，该吊环作为移动工作平台的固定点；
    所述中间样板平台施工完成后，在样板平台上固定安装钢支撑架(5)；所述钢支撑架(5)通过膨胀螺栓与井道(1)的剪力墙固定连接；在所述钢支撑架(5)上固定安装起吊钢梁；所述起吊钢梁上固定安装吊耳(6)；
    S3b，移动工作平台的施工：移动工作平台包括物料架(12)、平台导轨(11)以及钢丝绳卷扬装置；所述钢丝绳卷扬装置固定安装在物料架(12)上；在井道(1)的底部侧壁上固定竖向安装爬梯(10)，在井道(1)的底坑内搭设临时脚手架(13)平台，利用临时脚手架(13)平台和爬梯(10)安装平台导轨(11)，平台导轨(11)竖向固定连接在井道(1)的侧壁；将所述移动工作平台通过葫芦吊运至临时脚手架(13)平台上，将物料架(12)与平台导轨(11)上下滑动连接，促使轿厢导轨对该移动工作平台上下运行时进行限位和 导向；将所述钢丝绳卷扬装置的钢丝绳向上穿过吊孔，完成钢丝绳卷扬装置与次钢梁(8)上的吊环以及起吊钢梁上的吊耳(6)的连接；对移动工作平台进行调试，使该移动工作平台达到消防电梯安装所需吊运材料设备的极限荷载；
    S4：分段层以下的消防电梯施工：利用移动工作平台提升分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件，零部件包括消防电梯用的导轨、导轨支架、门厅设备、线槽等；
    S5：若设置有多个分段层，则重复步骤S3至S4，直至分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件全部完成安装；
    S6：待分段层以下的消防电梯的零部件完成安装以后，然后拆除专用安装提升平台，其中分段层处的结构先不拆除；待分段层上部的塔楼主体和井道(1)二次结构施工完成以后，则开始进行分段层以上部分的消防电梯的施工；
    S6a：将分段层设置到塔楼主体顶部的电梯机房内，重复步骤S3至S4，利用已施工分段层作为安装专用安装提升平台的基础，在电梯机房内再次安装专用安装提升平台；
    S6b：待步骤S6a完成以后，继续利用专用安装提升平台完成消防电梯的剩余部分，包括机房主机、限速器、控制柜、线缆等构配件安装；通过机房顶部预留结构孔洞将主机等设备吊至机房内，并依次安装主机、限速器、驱动柜、控制柜等设备；同时利用专用安装提升平台，由上到下放置随行电缆，随行电缆放置需利用旋转托盘进行释放，避免损伤电缆；放置随行电缆时，在绕绳设定的高度安装导轨夹并将对重框临时放置在导轨夹上，用载人提升设备将补偿绳配重安装至底坑，安装缓冲器，直至最终完成消防电梯全部安装完成并调试通过验收；
    S7：步骤S6全部施工完成以后，在消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道(1)电气以及配重施工前，先拆除后安装的专用安装提升平台以及已施工的分段层，并移除井道(1)内所有的临时结构，然后再完成消防电梯的轿厢架、曳引绳、、井道(1)电气以及配重的施工安装；最后对消防电梯进行整体安装调试，直至消防电梯整个施工安装过程完毕。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中选择避难层作为分段层，且所述分段层的数量为2至3个。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中防水层为防水卷材，所述防水卷材在施工时，防水卷材沿井道(1)侧壁向上翻起至少100mm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中的防水结构层上还增加铺设一层彩条布，并在井道(1)四周采用水平砂浆抹100mm宽倒角对彩条布进行固定。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中的面板(7)为5mm后的花纹钢板，所述主承力钢梁(9)为H型钢，所述次钢梁(8)为槽钢。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S3b中，在物料架(12)的顶部焊接有人字形钢板防护。
PCT/CN2020/101377 2019-09-28 2020-07-10 一种超高层消防电梯无脚手架分段安装施工方法 WO2021057193A1 (zh)

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