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WO2021042430A1 - 一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机 - Google Patents

一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021042430A1
WO2021042430A1 PCT/CN2019/108196 CN2019108196W WO2021042430A1 WO 2021042430 A1 WO2021042430 A1 WO 2021042430A1 CN 2019108196 W CN2019108196 W CN 2019108196W WO 2021042430 A1 WO2021042430 A1 WO 2021042430A1
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Prior art keywords
traction
traction machine
medium
wedge
building
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PCT/CN2019/108196
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张夏
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歌拉瑞电梯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021042430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021042430A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of building construction elevators, in particular to a traction machine top-mounted construction elevator suitable for building shafts.
  • Construction elevator is also called construction elevator.
  • Conventional construction elevator is a kind of construction machinery that uses gears and racks to mesh to make the cage move up and down to transport construction personnel, tools, equipment and materials.
  • the disadvantage is the efficiency of lifting Low and noisy.
  • Traditional elevators are installed on the outer walls of high-rise buildings and have low safety.
  • a traction machine top-mounted construction hoist suitable for building shafts includes a traction machine, a sky beam, a traction medium, a cage and a counterweight;
  • the sky beam is fixed on the upper end of the building hoistway, and the traction machine is fixed on the sky beam;
  • the top of the hanging cage is provided with a first pulley, and the counterweight is provided with a second pulley;
  • One end of the traction medium is drawn downward from the traction machine, and after passing the first pulley, it is drawn upward and fixed;
  • the other end of the traction medium is drawn downward from the traction machine, and after bypassing the second pulley, it is drawn upward and fixed;
  • the traction medium is steel wire rope or steel belt, and the sky beam can move up and down.
  • the beneficial effects of this embodiment are: Compared with the traditional elevators installed on the outer walls of high-rise buildings, the elevators of this embodiment are arranged in the building shafts and have higher safety; the traction machine is used to drive the wire rope or steel belt suspension cage to lift. , It has the advantages of fast lifting speed and low noise; the elevator of this embodiment adopts the traction machine top-mounted structure, which has the advantage of saving the traction medium; the two sections of traction medium drawn by the traction machine lead to the cage and the counterweight, and the traction The citation ratio is 2:1, which has the advantage of saving effort.
  • At least one of the traction medium drawn from the first pulley and the traction medium drawn from the second pulley is connected to the sky beam or the cross beam in a fixed manner in the middle.
  • the beneficial effect of this embodiment is that a sufficient length of traction medium is reserved at one end of the traction medium, and the sky beam or beam is raised by one floor according to the increased value of the floor height, and a certain length of the reserved traction medium is released accordingly , In order to extend the working length of the traction medium, there is no need to replace the new traction medium, and there is no need to use continuous wiring extension.
  • a guide wheel is provided between the two sections of traction medium drawn from the traction machine, and the guide wheel pushes one section of the traction medium away from the other section of the traction medium to adjust the gap between the two sections of traction medium. the distance.
  • the beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the guide wheel adjusts the distance between the two sections of traction medium drawn from the traction machine, so that there is sufficient distance between the two ends of the traction medium for the hoisting cage and counterweight to move up and down freely, preventing the hoisting cage Interference with counterweight.
  • a pressure wheel is provided between the traction machine and the guide wheel, and the pressure wheel presses the traction medium to the traction machine to increase the contact area between the traction machine and the traction medium.
  • the beneficial effect is that the pressure wheel exerts a force biasing the direction of the traction machine on the traction medium, so that the contact area between the traction medium and the traction machine is increased, thereby increasing the traction force and friction.
  • the guide wheels are arranged below the hoisting machine and are biased toward the hoisting cage.
  • the beneficial effect is that the guide wheel appropriately deviates the traction medium leading to the cage from the traction medium leading to the counterweight, so as to increase the distance between the two sections of the traction medium.
  • the guide wheel is arranged below the traction machine and is biased toward the side of the counterweight.
  • the beneficial effect is that the guide wheel appropriately deviates the traction medium leading to the counterweight from the traction medium leading to the cage, so as to increase the distance between the two sections of the traction medium.
  • the traction medium drawn from the first pulley is connected to the top beam or the cross beam in a fixed manner in the middle to form a first reserved section, and the first reserved section is coiled and arranged on the top beam or cross beam .
  • a certain length of the first reserved section can be released to extend the working length of the traction medium.
  • the traction medium drawn from the second pulley is connected to the top beam or cross beam in a fixed manner in the middle to form a second reserved section, and the second reserved section is coiled and arranged on the top beam or cross beam .
  • the maximum liftable height needs to be increased, a certain length of the second reserved section can be released to extend the working length of the traction medium.
  • the traction medium is connected to the sky beam or the cross beam through a connector.
  • the connector includes a wedge sleeve and a wedge block.
  • the wedge sleeve has an inner cavity with two ends open. One port of the inner cavity is large and the other port is small ,
  • the wedge has a big head end and a small head end opposite to the big head end, the outer peripheral surface of the wedge has a groove, the small head end of the wedge is inserted into the inner cavity from the big mouth end of the inner cavity, and the small mouth end of the inner cavity is set downward,
  • the middle part of the traction medium is folded in half and inserted into the cavity from the small end.
  • the half-folded part is sleeved in the groove on the outer circumferential surface of the wedge.
  • the large end of the wedge is connected to the sky beam or the cross beam.
  • the force formed by the beam on the wedge sleeve locks the wedge sleeve, the wedge block and the traction medium to each other.
  • the beneficial effect is that one does not need to cut the rope, it can be connected from any position in the middle of the traction medium, and the connection position of the connecting piece on the traction medium can be adjusted at will, so as to release the working length of the traction medium.
  • the characteristics of the lock, the third is fast connection.
  • a suspension rod is pivotally connected to the large end of the wedge sleeve, the suspension rod passes through the sky beam or the cross beam, and an elastic component is sleeved on the suspension rod, and the elastic component is located above the sky beam or the cross beam.
  • Both ends of the suspension rod are respectively provided with an elastic component seat, the free end of the boom is provided with at least one limiting nut, and the elastic component is a spring or a rubber ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a traction machine top-mounted construction hoist suitable for a building hoistway according to an embodiment of the disclosure in a building hoistway.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a traction machine top-mounted construction hoist suitable for a building hoistway according to another embodiment of the present disclosure in a building hoistway.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a traction machine top-mounted construction hoist suitable for a building hoistway according to another embodiment of the present disclosure in a building hoistway.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connector in the specific embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting member and the sky beam shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rope clamp viewed from the direction AA′ in Fig. 5.
  • Figures 1-3 schematically show the structure diagrams of the three embodiments of the present disclosure installed in the hoistway of the elevator.
  • the elevator includes the traction machine 1, the sky beam 2, the traction medium 3, the cage 4 and the counterweight 5;
  • the sky beam 2 is fixed on the upper end of the building hoistway 29, and the traction machine 1 is fixed on the sky beam 2;
  • the top of the hanging cage 4 is provided with a first pulley 6 and the counterweight 5 is provided with a second pulley 7;
  • One end of the traction medium 3 is drawn downward from the traction machine 1, and after bypassing the first pulley 6, it is drawn upward and fixed;
  • the other end of the traction medium 3 is drawn downward from the traction machine 1, and after bypassing the second pulley 7, it is drawn upward and fixed;
  • the traction medium 3 is a steel wire rope or a steel belt, and the sky beam 2 can move up and down.
  • the elevator of the present disclosure can be installed in a building hoistway 29, such as an elevator hoistway. Compared with a traditional elevator installed outdoors, the safety is improved.
  • the sky beam 2 is horizontally arranged on the top of the hoistway, and both ends of the sky beam 2 can be fixed on the wall of the building hoistway 29. Whenever the construction of a certain floor is completed, the installation position of the sky beam 2 is raised, and the working length of the traction medium 3 is extended to increase the maximum liftable height of the elevator.
  • the elevator of the specific embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the traction machine 1 to drive the wire rope or steel belt suspension cage 4 to go up and down. Compared with the traditional rack and pinion lifting method, the elevator has the advantages of fast lifting speed and low noise.
  • a guide rail is provided on the wall of the building hoistway 29, and the hanging cage 4 is slidingly matched with the guide rail to prevent the hanging cage 4 from shaking.
  • the elevator of the specific embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the top-mounted structure of the traction machine 1, which has the advantage of saving traction media.
  • the two sections of traction medium 3 drawn by the traction machine 1 are directly guided to the cage 4 and the counterweight 5, and the traction ratio is 2:1.
  • the elevator has the advantage of labor saving.
  • the traction medium 3 is a steel wire rope or a steel belt.
  • Steel wire rope is relatively more convenient to manufacture, but the steel belt also has a flat design to increase the contact area and increase the traction friction; at the same time, the steel belt does not require additional lubrication, no oil pollution, lower vibration amplitude than steel wire rope, more stable and comfortable, and economical Electric energy and long service life have their own advantages.
  • a guide wheel 8 is provided between the two sections of traction medium 3 drawn from the traction machine 1, and the guide wheel 8 pushes one section of the traction medium 3 away from the other section of the traction medium 3 Medium 3 to adjust the distance between the two sections of traction medium 3.
  • the diameter of the traction wheel of the traction machine 1 is less than half of the width of the cage 4, the distance between the two ends of the traction medium 3 drawn from the traction machine 1 is small, which will cause the cage 4 and the counterweight 5 to interfere with each other .
  • the guide wheel 8 adjusts the distance between the two sections of traction medium 3 drawn from the traction machine 1, so that there is enough distance between the two ends of the traction medium 3 for the hoisting cage 4 and the counterweight 5 to move up and down freely, preventing the hoisting cage 4 Interference with counterweight 5. It is worth noting that when the diameter of the traction wheel of the traction machine 1 is large enough, the guide wheel 8 may not be used.
  • the guide wheel 8 is arranged below the traction machine 1 and is biased to the side of the cage 4.
  • the guide wheel 8 of this embodiment appropriately deviates the traction medium 3 guided to the cage 4 from the traction medium 3 guided to the counterweight 5 to increase the distance between the two sections of the traction medium 3.
  • the guide wheel 8 is arranged below the traction machine 1 and is biased toward the side of the counterweight 5.
  • the guide wheel 8 of this embodiment appropriately deviates the traction medium 3 guided to the counterweight 5 from the traction medium 3 guided to the cage 4 to increase the distance between the two sections of the traction medium 3.
  • a pressure wheel 9 is provided between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 8.
  • the pressure wheel 9 presses the traction medium 3 toward the traction machine 1 to Increase the contact area between the traction machine 1 and the traction medium 3.
  • the pressure wheel 9 is arranged between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 8, and the traction medium 3 drawn from the traction machine 1 is tangent to the pressure wheel 9 and then to the guide wheel 8.
  • the pressure roller 9 exerts a force biasing the traction machine 1 on the traction medium 3 to increase the contact area between the traction medium 3 and the traction machine 1, thereby increasing the traction force and friction.
  • the traction medium 3 may be connected to the sky beam 2, for example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3.
  • a cross beam 31 may be additionally provided above the building hoistway 29, and the traction medium 3 is connected to the cross beam 31, such as the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. It can be understood that the connection structure when the traction medium 3 is connected to the sky beam 2 is also suitable for the connection between the traction medium 3 and the cross beam 31.
  • the free end of the traction medium 3 is directly connected to the sky beam 2, for example, connected by a traditional wire rope clamp.
  • the installation position of the sky beam 2 is moved up, and a longer traction medium 3 is replaced to increase the maximum lifting height of the elevator.
  • the free end of the traction medium 3 is directly connected to the cross beam 31.
  • At least one of the traction medium 3 drawn from the first pulley 6 and the traction medium 3 drawn from the second pulley 7 is connected to the sky beam 2 in a fixed manner in the middle.
  • the specific embodiment of the present disclosure uses the traction medium 3 to be connected to the sky beam 2 in a fixed manner in the middle, that is, a sufficient length of the traction medium 3 is reserved at one end of the traction medium 3, and the sky beam is fixed according to the increased value of the floor height. 2 Raise a floor and release a certain length of the reserved traction medium 3 accordingly to extend the working length of the traction medium 3 without replacing a new traction medium 3, and without using continuous wiring extension.
  • at least one of the traction medium 3 drawn from the first pulley 6 and the traction medium 3 drawn from the second pulley 7 is connected to the cross beam 31 in a fixed manner in the middle.
  • a first reserved section 10 is formed, and the first reserved section 10 is coiled and arranged in On Tianliang 2.
  • a certain length of the first reserved section 10 can be released to extend the working length of the traction medium 3.
  • the traction medium 3 drawn from the first pulley 6 is connected to the beam 31 in a fixed manner in the middle to form a first reserved section 10, and the first reserved section 10 is coiled and arranged on the beam 31 .
  • a second reserved section 11 is formed, and the second reserved section 11 is coiled and arranged in On Tianliang 2.
  • a certain length of the second reserved section 11 can be released to extend the working length of the traction medium 3.
  • the second reserved section is coiled and arranged on the cross beam 31.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting member 30 according to a specific embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting member 30 and the sky beam 2 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the connector 30 includes a wedge sleeve 12 and a wedge block 13.
  • the wedge sleeve 12 has an inner cavity 14 open at both ends. One port of the inner cavity 14 is large and the other port is small.
  • the wedge block 13 has a big end 15 and is opposite to the big end 15.
  • the small head end 16 of the wedge block 13 has a groove 17 on the outer peripheral surface.
  • the small head end 16 of the wedge block 13 is inserted into the internal cavity 14 from the large end 18 of the internal cavity 14, and the small end 19 of the internal cavity 14 is set downward, dragging
  • the middle part of the guiding medium 3 is folded in half and inserted into the cavity 14 from the small end 19, and the half-folded part is sleeved in the groove 17 on the outer circumferential surface of the wedge 13, the large end 18 of the wedge sleeve 12 is connected to the sky beam 2, and the traction medium 3 pairs the wedge 13
  • the formed force and the force formed by the sky beam 2 on the wedge sleeve 12 lock the wedge sleeve 12, the wedge block 13 and the traction medium 3 to each other.
  • the force of the wedge sleeve 12 is opposite to that of the wedge block 13, so the traction medium 3 around the outer circumference of the wedge block 13 is squeezed between the inner wall of the inner cavity 14 and the wedge block 13, and the heavier the cage 4, The traction medium 3 is squeezed tighter.
  • the cross-sectional size of the inner cavity 14 gradually decreases from the large mouth end 18 to the small mouth end 19, so that the inner cavity 14 has a wedge shape.
  • the cross-sectional size of the wedge 13 gradually decreases from the big head end 15 to the small head end 16, so that the wedge 13 has a wedge shape.
  • the wedge 13 and the traction medium 3 are locked to each other.
  • the wedge block 13 is taken out from the large mouth end 18 of the wedge sleeve 12, and the traction medium 3 and the connecting member 30 are disassembled.
  • the advantage of the connecting piece 30 of this embodiment is that it can be connected from any position in the middle of the traction medium 3 without cutting the rope, and the connecting position of the connecting piece 30 on the traction medium 3 can be adjusted as needed to realize the release.
  • the traction medium 3 and the cross beam 31 may also be connected through the connecting member 30.
  • the connecting member 30 may be connected with the traction medium 3 drawn from the first pulley 6.
  • the connecting member 30 may be connected with the traction medium 3 drawn from the second pulley 7.
  • a boom 20 is pivotally connected to the large mouth end 18 of the wedge sleeve 12, the boom 20 passes through the sky beam 2, and the boom 20 is sleeved
  • An elastic member 21 is located above the sky beam 2. Both ends of the elastic member 21 are provided with elastic member seats 22. The free end of the boom 20 is provided with at least one limit nut 23.
  • the elastic member 21 is a spring or rubber band. The elastic member 21 serves as a buffer. In other embodiments, the boom 20 is connected to the cross beam 31.
  • a cushion pad 24 is provided between the sky beam 2 and the elastic component seat 22.
  • the cushion 24 can be made of rubber material, and its function is to reduce the wear of the spring component seat 22.
  • a cushion 24 is provided between the cross beam 31 and the elastic member seat 22.
  • the free end of the boom 20 is provided with a cotter pin 25, and the cotter pin 25 is located below the limit nut 23.
  • the split pin 25 restricts the limit nut 23 from falling off the boom 20 after long-term use.
  • the traction medium 3 drawn from the small mouth end 19 of the wedge sleeve 11 passes through the rope clamp 26.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows a schematic view of the rope clamp 26 viewed from the AA' direction of Fig. 5.
  • the rope clamp 26 includes two oppositely arranged splints 27, the two splints 27 are detachably connected, and the sides of the splints 27 have ribs 28 .
  • the ribs 28 of the two clamping plates 27 are relatively bent to confine the rope in the rope clamp 26.
  • the two clamping plates 27 can be connected in a detachable manner such as bolts.
  • the function of the rope clamp 26 is to restrain the two strands of the traction medium 3 protruding from the small mouth end 19 and prevent the two strands of the traction medium 3 from dispersing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，包括曳引机(1)、天梁(2)、曳引媒介(3)、吊笼(4)及对重(5)，天梁(2)固定在建筑物井道(10)的上端，曳引机(1)固定在天梁(2)上，吊笼(4)的顶部设有第一滑轮(6)，对重(5)上设有第二滑轮(7)，曳引媒介(3)的一端自曳引机(1)向下引出，绕过第一滑轮(6)后，再向上引向天梁(2)并与天梁(2)连接，曳引媒介(3)的另一端自曳引机(1)向下引出，绕过第二滑轮(7)后，再向上引向天梁(2)并与天梁(2)连接，曳引媒介为钢丝绳或钢带，天梁(2)能够升降移动。本升降机具有安全性高、升降速度快、噪音小的优点。

Description

一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑施工升降机领域，特别涉及一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机。
背景技术
建筑施工升降机又称施工电梯，常规的建筑施工升降机是一种采用齿轮、齿条啮合方式，使吊笼作升降运动，用以输送施工人员、工具、设备及物料的建筑机械，缺点是升降效率低，噪音大。传统的升降机安装在高层建筑的外壁，安全性低。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题的一个或多个，根据本发明的一个方面，一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，包括曳引机、天梁、曳引媒介、吊笼及对重；
天梁固定在建筑物井道的上端，曳引机固定在天梁上；
吊笼的顶部设有第一滑轮，对重上设有第二滑轮；
曳引媒介的一端自曳引机向下引出，绕过第一滑轮后，再向上引并固定；
曳引媒介的另一端自曳引机向下引出，绕过第二滑轮后，再向上引并固定；
曳引媒介为钢丝绳或钢带，天梁能够升降移动。
本实施方式的有益效果是：相对于传统的设置在高层建筑外壁的升降机，本实施方式的升降机配置在建筑物井道中，安全性更高；用曳引机驱动钢丝绳或钢带悬吊吊笼升降，具有升降速度快、噪音小的优点；本实施方式的升降机采用曳引机上置式结构，具有节约曳引媒介的优点；曳引机引出的两段曳引媒介引向吊笼和对重，曳引比为2:1，具有省力的优点。
在某些实施方式中，自第一滑轮引出的曳引媒介与自第二滑轮引出的曳引媒介中的至少一个以中部固定的方式与天梁或横梁连接。本实施方式的有益效果是曳引媒介的一端预留出足够长度的曳引媒介，根据楼层高度的增加值，将天梁或横梁升高一个楼层，相应地释放一定长度的预留曳引媒介，以延长曳引媒介的工作长度无需更换新的曳 引媒介，也不需要采用不断接线延长的方式。
在某些实施方式中，自曳引机引出的两段曳引媒介之间设有导向轮，导向轮将其中一段曳引媒介推离另一段曳引媒介，以调整两段曳引媒介之间的距离。本实施方式的有益效果是导向轮调节自曳引机引出的两段曳引媒介之间的间距，使两端曳引媒介之间有足够距离供吊笼和对重上下自由活动，防止吊笼和对重干涉。
在某些实施方式中，在曳引机和导向轮之间设有一个压轮，压轮将曳引媒介压向曳引机，以增加曳引机与曳引媒介的接触面积。其有益效果是压轮对曳引媒介施加偏向曳引机方向的力，让曳引媒介和曳引机的接触面积增大，从而增大曳引力度和摩擦力。
在某些实施方式中，导向轮设置在曳引机的下方，且偏向吊笼那侧。其有益效果是导向轮将引向吊笼的曳引媒介适当地偏离引向对重的曳引媒介，以增加两段曳引媒介之间的间距。
在某些实施方式中，导向轮设置在曳引机的下方，且偏向对重那侧。其有益效果是导向轮将引向对重的曳引媒介适当地偏离引向吊笼的曳引媒介，以增加两段曳引媒之间的间距。
在某些实施方式中，自第一滑轮引出的曳引媒介以中部固定的方式与天梁或横梁连接后，形成第一预留段，第一预留段盘绕后设置在天梁或横梁上。当需要增加最大可上升高度时，可以释放一定长度的第一预留段，以延长曳引媒介的工作长度。
在某些实施方式中，自第二滑轮引出的曳引媒介以中部固定的方式与天梁或横梁连接后，形成第二预留段，第二预留段盘绕后设置在天梁或横梁上。当需要增加最大可上升高度时，可以释放一定长度的第二预留段，以延长曳引媒介的工作长度。
在某些实施方式中，曳引媒介通过连接件与天梁或横梁连接，连接件包括楔套和楔块，楔套具有两端开口的内腔，内腔的一端口大，另一端口小，楔块具有大头端和与大头端相对的小头端，楔块的外周面具有凹槽，楔块的小头端从内腔的大口端插入内腔，内腔的小口端朝下设置，曳引媒介中部对折后从小口端插入内腔，对折部分套在楔块外周面的凹槽中，楔套的大口端连接天梁或横梁，曳引媒介对楔块形成的作用力和天梁或横梁对楔套形成的作用力使楔套、楔块及曳引媒介相互锁紧。其有益效果是一不需要剪断绳，可以从曳引媒介中部的任何位置连接，而且可以根据需要随意调整连接件在曳引媒介上的连接位置，实现释放曳引媒介的工作长度，二具有自锁特点，三是连 接快速。
在某些实施方式中，靠近楔套的大口端枢接一根吊杆，吊杆穿过天梁或横梁，吊杆上套设一个弹性部件，弹性部件位于天梁或横梁的上方，弹性部件的两端各设有弹性部件座，吊杆的自由端设有至少一个限位螺母，弹性部件为弹簧或橡胶圈。其有益效果是弹性部件起到缓冲作用。
附图说明
图1为本公开一实施例的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机在建筑物井道中安装结构示意图。
图2为本公开另一实施例的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机在建筑物井道中安装结构示意图。
图3为本公开再一实施例的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机在建筑物井道中安装结构示意图。
图4为本公开具体实施例中的连接件结构示意图。
图5为图4所示连接件与天梁的连接结构示意图。
图6为图5中AA'方向观察所述绳夹的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。需要说明的是，下面描述中使用的词语“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”和“下”指的是附图中的方向，词语“内”和“外”分别指的是朝向或远离特定部件几何中心的方向。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机。图1-3示意性地显示了本公开的三个实施例的升降机在建筑物井道中安装的结构示意图。
请参考图1-3，升降机包括曳引机1、天梁2、曳引媒介3、吊笼4及对重5；
天梁2固定在建筑物井道29的上端，曳引机1固定在天梁2上；
吊笼4的顶部设有第一滑轮6，对重5上设有第二滑轮7；
曳引媒介3的一端自曳引机1向下引出，绕过第一滑轮6后，再向上引并固定；
曳引媒介3的另一端自曳引机1向下引出，绕过第二滑轮7后，再向上引并固定；
曳引媒介3为钢丝绳或钢带，天梁2能够升降移动。
本公开的升降机可安装建筑物井道29中，例如电梯井道，相比于传统的安装于室外的升降机，提高了安全性。天梁2横设在井道的顶部，天梁2的两端可以固定在建筑物井道29壁上。每当完成某个楼层的施工后，将天梁2的安装位置升高，并延长曳引媒介3的工作长度，以增加升降机的最大可升降高度。本公开具体实施例的升降机采用曳引机1驱动钢丝绳或钢带悬吊吊笼4升降，相比于传统的齿轮齿条升降方式，具有升降速度快、噪音小的优点。为了保持吊笼4稳定，在建筑物井道29壁设有导轨，吊笼4与导轨滑动配合，避免吊笼4晃动。本公开具体实施例的升降机采用曳引机1上置式结构，具有节约曳引媒介的优点。曳引机1引出的两段曳引媒介3直接引向吊笼4和对重5，曳引比为2:1，该升降机具有省力的优点。曳引媒介3为钢丝绳或钢带。钢丝绳相对而言制造更加的方便，但是钢带也有扁平设计使接触面积增大，提高曳引摩擦力；同时钢带不需要额外润滑，无油渍污染，比钢丝绳振动幅度低，更平稳舒适，节省电能，使用寿命长，二者各有优势。
在图1所公开的一实施例的升降机中，自曳引机1引出的两段曳引媒介3之间设有导向轮8，导向轮8将其中一段曳引媒介3推离另一段曳引媒介3，以调整两段曳引媒介3之间的距离。当曳引机1的曳引轮直径小于吊笼4宽度的一半时，自曳引机1引出的两端曳引媒介3之间的间距较小，会导致吊笼4与对重5相互干涉。导向轮8调节自曳引机1引出的两段曳引媒介3之间的间距，使两端曳引媒介3之间有足够距离供吊笼4和对重5上下自由活动，防止吊笼4和对重5干涉。值得说明的是，当曳引机1的曳引轮直径足够大时，也可以不用导向轮8。
可选地，在图1所示的一实施例的升降机中，导向轮8设置在曳引机1的下方，且偏向吊笼4那侧。本实施方式的导向轮8将引向吊笼4的曳引媒介3适当地偏离引向对重5的曳引媒介3，以增加两段曳引媒介3之间的间距。
可选地，在图3所示的实施例的升降机中，导向轮8设置在曳引机1的下方，且偏向对重5那侧。本实施方式的导向轮8将引向对重5的曳引媒介3适当地偏离引向吊笼4的曳引媒介3，以增加两段曳引媒介3之间的间距。
可选地，在图2所示的实施例的升降机中，在曳引机1和导向轮 8之间设有一个压轮9，压轮9将曳引媒介3压向曳引机1，以增加曳引机1与曳引媒介3的接触面积。压轮9设置在曳引机1与导向轮8之间，自曳引机1引出的曳引媒介3与压轮9相切后再与导向轮8相切。压轮9对曳引媒介3施加偏向曳引机1方向的力，让曳引媒介3和曳引机1的接触面积增大，从而增大曳引力度和摩擦力。
在某些实施方式中，曳引媒介3可以与天梁2连接，例如图1和图3所示的实施例。在某些实施方式中，还可以在建筑物井道29的上方另设横梁31，曳引媒介3与横梁31连接，例如图2所示的实施例。可以理解，曳引媒介3连接到天梁2上时的连接结构，同样适合于曳引媒介3与横梁31的连接。
可选地，曳引媒介3的自由端与天梁2直接连接，例如通过传统的钢丝绳卡头连接。当完成某个楼层的施工，需要施工更高楼层时，将天梁2的安装位置上移，再更换更长的曳引媒介3，以提升升降机的最大可上升高度。在其他的实施方式中，曳引媒介3的自由端与横梁31直接连接。
可选地，自第一滑轮6引出的曳引媒介3与自第二滑轮7引出的曳引媒介3中的至少一个以中部固定的方式与天梁2连接。本公开的具体实施例采用曳引媒介3以中部固定的方式与天梁2连接，即曳引媒介3的一端预留出足够长度的曳引媒介3，根据楼层高度的增加值，将天梁2升高一个楼层，相应地释放一定长度的预留曳引媒介3，以延长曳引媒介3的工作长度无需更换新的曳引媒介3，也不需要采用不断接线延长的方式。在其他的实施方式中，自第一滑轮6引出的曳引媒介3与自第二滑轮7引出的曳引媒介3中的至少一个以中部固定的方式与横梁31连接。
可选地，请参考图1，自第一滑轮6引出的曳引媒介3以中部固定的方式与天梁2连接后，形成第一预留段10，第一预留段10盘绕后设置在天梁2上。当需要增加最大可上升高度时，可以释放一定长度的第一预留段10，以延长曳引媒介3的工作长度。在其他的实施方式中，自第一滑轮6引出的曳引媒介3以中部固定的方式与横梁31连接后，形成第一预留段10，第一预留段10盘绕后设置在横梁31上。
可选地，请参考图3，自第二滑轮7引出的曳引媒介3以中部固定的方式与天梁2连接后，形成第二预留段11，第二预留段11盘绕后设置在天梁2上。当需要增加最大可上升高度时，可以释放一定长 度的第二预留段11，以延长曳引媒介3的工作长度。在其他的实施方式中，第二预留段盘绕后设置在横梁31上。
可选地，曳引媒介3通过连接件3进行中部固定。图4为本公开具体实施例的连接件30的结构示意图。图5为图4所示的连接件30与天梁2的连接结构示意图。连接件30包括楔套12和楔块13，楔套12具有两端开口的内腔14，内腔14的一端口大，另一端口小，楔块13具有大头端15和与大头端15相对的小头端16，楔块13的外周面具有凹槽17，楔块13的小头端16从内腔14的大口端18插入内腔14，内腔14的小口端19朝下设置，曳引媒介3中部对折后从小口端19插入内腔14，对折部分套在楔块13外周面的凹槽17中，楔套12的大口端18连接天梁2，曳引媒介3对楔块13形成的作用力和天梁2对楔套12形成的作用力使楔套12、楔块13及曳引媒介3相互锁紧。楔套12的受力与楔块13的受力相反，因此绕于楔块13外周的曳引媒介3被挤压在内腔14的内壁与楔块13之间，并且吊笼4越重，曳引媒介3被挤压的越紧。内腔14的截面尺寸自大口端18到小口端19逐渐变小，使内腔14呈楔形。楔块13的截面尺寸从大头端15到小头端16逐渐变小，使楔块13呈楔形。楔块13外周绕上绳后其宽度大于内腔14的小口端19的宽度，所以楔块13和曳引媒介3被内腔14的楔形内壁限位而不会从小口端19脱出，楔套12、楔块13及曳引媒介3相互锁紧。当撤去施加在楔套12上的作用力时，从楔套12的大口端18取出楔块13，而将曳引媒介3与连接件30拆卸。本实施方式的连接件30的优点是，一不需要剪断绳，可以从曳引媒介3中部的任何位置连接，而且可以根据需要随意调整连接件30在曳引媒介3上的连接位置，实现释放曳引媒介3的工作长度；二具有自锁特点；三是连接快速。在其他的实施方式中，也可通过连接件30将曳引媒介3与横梁31连接。
可选地，连接件30可以与自第一滑轮6引出的曳引媒介3连接。可选地，连接件30可以与自第二滑轮7引出的曳引媒介3连接。
可选地，在图4和图5所示的一具体实施例中，靠近楔套12的大口端18枢接一根吊杆20，吊杆20穿过天梁2，吊杆20上套设一个弹性部件21，弹性部件21位于天梁2的上方，弹性部件21的两端各设有弹性部件座22，吊杆20的自由端设有至少一个限位螺母23，弹性部件21为弹簧或橡胶圈。弹性部件21起到缓冲作用。在其他的实施方式中，吊杆20与横梁31连接。
可选地，在图4和图5所示的一具体实施例中，天梁2与弹性部件座22之间设有缓冲垫24。缓冲垫24可以采用橡胶材质，作用是减少弹簧部件座22的磨损。在其他的实施方式中，横梁31与弹性部件座22之间缓冲垫24。
可选地，在图4和图5所示的一具体实施例中，吊杆20自由端设有开口销25，开口销25位于限位螺母23的下方。开口销25限制限位螺母23长期使用后从吊杆20上脱落。
可选地，在图5所示的一具体实施例中，自楔套11的小口端19引出的曳引媒介3穿过绳夹26。图6示意性地显示了从图5的AA'方向观察绳夹26的示意图，绳夹26包括两块相对设置的夹板27，两个夹板27可拆卸连接，夹板27的侧边具有挡边28。两个夹板27的挡边28相对弯折，将绳限定在绳夹26内。两个夹板27之间可采用螺栓等可拆卸方式连接。绳夹26的作用是约束从小口端19伸出的两股曳引媒介3，防止该两股曳引媒介3散开。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，包括曳引机(1)、天梁(2)、曳引媒介(3)、吊笼(4)及对重(5)；
    所述天梁(2)固定在建筑物井道(29)的上端，所述曳引机(1)固定在所述天梁(2)上；
    所述吊笼(4)的顶部设有第一滑轮(6)，所述对重(5)上设有第二滑轮(7)；
    所述曳引媒介(3)的一端自曳引机(1)向下引出，绕过第一滑轮(6)后，再向上引并固定；
    所述曳引媒介(3)的另一端自曳引机(1)向下引出，绕过第二滑轮(7)后，再向上引并固定；
    所述曳引媒介(3)为钢丝绳或钢带，所述天梁(2)能够升降移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，自所述第一滑轮(6)引出的曳引媒介(3)与自所述第二滑轮(7)引出的曳引媒介(3)中的至少一个以中部固定的方式与天梁(2)或与设于建筑物井道(29)上端的横梁(31)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，自所述曳引机(1)引出的两段曳引媒介(3)之间设有导向轮(8)，所述导向轮(8)将其中一段曳引媒介(3)推离另一段曳引媒介(3)，以调整两段曳引媒介(3)之间的距离。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，在曳引机(1)和导向轮(8)之间设有一个压轮(9)，所述压轮(9)将所述曳引媒介(3)压向所述曳引机(1)，以增加曳引机(1)与所述曳引媒介(3)的接触面积。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，所述导向轮(8)设置在所述曳引机(1)的下方，且偏向所述吊笼(4)那侧。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，所述导向轮(8)设置在所述曳引机(1)的下方，且偏向所述对重(5)那侧。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，自所述第一滑轮(6)引出的曳引媒介(3)以中部固定的方式与所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)连接后，形成第一预留段(10)，所述第一预留段(10)盘绕后设置在所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)上。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，自所述第二滑轮(7)引出的曳引媒介(3)以中部固定的方式与所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)连接后，形成第二预留段(11)，所述第二预留段(11)盘绕后设置在所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)上。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，所述曳引媒介(3)通过连接件(30)与所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)连接，所述连接件(30)包括楔套(12)和楔块(13)，所述楔套(12)具有两端开口的内腔(14)，所述内腔(14)的一端口大，另一端口小，所述楔块(13)具有大头端(15)和与所述大头端(15)相对的小头端(16)，所述楔块(13)的外周面具有凹槽(17)，所述楔块(13)的小头端(16)从所述内腔(14)的大口端(18)插入所述内腔(14)，所述内腔(14)的小口端(19)朝下设置，所述曳引媒介(3)中部对折后从所述小口端(19)插入所述内腔(14)，对折部分套在所述楔块(13)外周面的凹槽(17)中，所述楔套(12)的大口端(18)连接所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)，所述曳引媒介(3)对楔块(13)形成的作用力和所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)对楔套(12)形成的作用力使所述楔套(12)、楔块(13)及曳引媒介(3)相互锁紧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机，其特征在于，靠近所述楔套(12)的大口端(18)枢接一根吊杆(20)，所述吊杆(20)穿过所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)，所述吊杆(20)上套设一个弹性部件(21)，所述弹性部件(21)位于所述天梁(2)或横梁(31)的上方，所述弹性部件(21)的两端各设有弹性部件座(22)，所述吊杆(20)的自由端设有至少一个限位螺母(23)，所述弹性部件(21)为弹簧或橡胶圈
PCT/CN2019/108196 2019-09-05 2019-09-26 一种适用于建筑物井道的曳引机上置式施工升降机 WO2021042430A1 (zh)

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