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WO2020192281A1 - Elevator brake fault monitoring method, device and system - Google Patents

Elevator brake fault monitoring method, device and system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192281A1
WO2020192281A1 PCT/CN2020/074611 CN2020074611W WO2020192281A1 WO 2020192281 A1 WO2020192281 A1 WO 2020192281A1 CN 2020074611 W CN2020074611 W CN 2020074611W WO 2020192281 A1 WO2020192281 A1 WO 2020192281A1
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signal
acoustic emission
domain signal
characteristic value
reference range
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PCT/CN2020/074611
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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赵阳
李红星
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西人马(西安)测控科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020192281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192281A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of elevators, and in particular to a method, device and system for monitoring elevator brake faults.
  • the brake device is an important safety guarantee for the elevator. If there is a problem with the brake device, there is a greater safety hazard.
  • a brake device (such as a brake shoe or a brake shoe) is the moving part of the brake, and the surface is a friction surface.
  • the brake drum pushes the brake device, it will brake the elevator.
  • the brake device will brake the elevator when the motor is powered off.
  • the brake shoes will inevitably undergo certain wear or cracks.
  • the brake will be abnormal, which is manifested by insufficient brake energy, and the lighter will cause If the car slides, it can cause the car to fall.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fault monitoring method, device, equipment, and medium, which can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the safety monitoring reliability of the elevator.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an elevator brake fault monitoring method, the method including:
  • Receive acoustic emission signals which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking
  • the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value
  • the frequency domain signal characteristic value is not within the frequency domain signal reference range, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
  • the extracting signal characteristic value includes:
  • the characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the characteristic value of the time domain signal of the acoustic emission signal;
  • the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise Time, duration and threshold voltage.
  • the extracting signal characteristics includes: using a spectrum analysis method to analyze the frequency spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the acoustic emission signal ;
  • the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number of impacts rate and external parameters.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes that determining the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range includes:
  • the characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals;
  • the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, Ringing count, event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
  • the frequency spectrum analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the frequency spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals;
  • the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy , Arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides an elevator fault monitoring device, the device including:
  • Acoustic emission sensor for receiving acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking;
  • the control unit is configured to convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
  • the control unit is also used for judging whether the brake device is faulty according to the signal characteristic threshold;
  • control unit determines that the brake device is faulty
  • the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
  • the control unit includes a first analysis subunit, and the first analysis subunit is used for adopting a characteristic analysis method to analyze the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal. Perform correlation analysis to determine the time domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ringing count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
  • the control unit includes a second analysis sub-unit, and the second analysis sub-unit is used to perform a spectrum analysis method on the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal. Analyze and determine the frequency domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number rate of impacts and external parameters.
  • the device further includes an alarm unit configured to trigger an alarm after the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
  • the present application also provides an elevator fault monitoring system, which includes: a brake device and the elevator fault monitoring device described above.
  • the acoustic emission signal is converted into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is processed Filtering, and then further extract the signal characteristic value from the filtered voltage signal, where the extracted signal characteristic value includes the time domain signal characteristic value and the frequency domain signal characteristic value; judge according to the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range Whether the brake device is faulty, wherein if the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty; if the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, the brake device is determined malfunction.
  • the above solution can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the reliability of the safety monitoring of the elevator.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator brake fault monitoring system according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring elevator brake faults according to an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator brake fault monitoring device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an elevator fault monitoring system 100.
  • the system includes a brake device 101 and an elevator fault monitoring device 300.
  • the brake device 101 when the elevator is braking, the brake device 101 will emit an elastic wave and finally be transmitted to the surface of the material, causing an acoustic emission signal that can be detected by the acoustic emission sensor.
  • the elastic wave transmitted in the brake device 101 will change due to the elastic impact of the above-mentioned fault, and the acoustic emission signal generated will also be changed. Changes will occur.
  • the acoustic emission signal contains a wealth of collision and friction information. Unlike the vibration method, the frequency range of the acoustic emission signal is generally above 20 kHz, while the frequency of the vibration signal is generally lower. Therefore, the acoustic emission signal will not be disturbed by mechanical vibration and noise;
  • the elevator fault monitoring device 300 receives the acoustic emission signal transmitted through the brake device 101, converts the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, filters the voltage signal, and extracts the characteristics of the signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method 200 for monitoring an elevator brake fault.
  • the method includes the following steps: S201, S202, and S203.
  • S201 Receive acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking.
  • the holding device when the holding device has cracks, wear, indentation, notch, occlusion, and poor lubrication, the surface roughness and other phenomena will cause the elastic impact of the contact surface to pass the elastic wave.
  • the form is released, and the bouncing standing wave will cause a burst of acoustic emission signal, which contains information about the collision and friction between the brake device and the elevator.
  • the location of the damage on the brake device and the different stress state caused the damage degree of the brake device to be different, and the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal obtained were also different.
  • the frequency range of the acoustic emission signal is generally above 20kHz, and the frequency of the vibration signal is low, the acoustic emission signal will not be disturbed by the vibration signal generated by mechanical vibration.
  • S202 Convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; where the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value.
  • a sensor when receiving the acoustic emission signal, can be used to receive, for example, a transducer, an acoustic emission sensor, and the sensor can be used to convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal.
  • the received acoustic emission The signal is a waveform in which different frequency harmonics are superimposed after multiple reflections, waveform attenuation and waveform transformation.
  • the voltage signal is filtered, for example, high-pass filtering is used to eliminate noise.
  • the characteristic value of the voltage signal is extracted, and the extracted signal characteristic includes the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal.
  • the specific method for extracting the signal characteristic value includes: adopting the characteristic analysis method to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variable of the acoustic emission signal to determine the time domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: Amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage.
  • the characteristic value of the signal in the time domain can be analyzed using a characteristic analysis method to analyze the characteristic parameters of the voltage signal, such as amplitude, energy, ring count, event , Rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
  • the characteristic analysis can be a correlation graph analysis, that is, two parameters are arbitrarily selected from the above characteristic parameters for correlation analysis to obtain the time-domain characteristics and internal laws of the acoustic emission signal, and then determine the sound The time-domain signal characteristic value of the transmitted signal.
  • extracting signal characteristic values includes: using a spectrum analysis method to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the acoustic emission signal; the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, Arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits and external parameters.
  • the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal can be used to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal, and determine the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal value.
  • S203 Determine whether the brake device is faulty according to the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal; among them,
  • the brake device is faulty.
  • the acoustic emission signal when transmitted to the sensor in the brake device that has a fault, it has certain characteristics, that is, when the brake device is in a normal state, the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal are based on the brake device. In the normal state of the device, the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal can obtain the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal. After determining the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal, the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the time domain signal The reference range is compared.
  • the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty; the characteristic value of the commented signal is compared with the reference range of the frequency domain signal. Within the reference range of the domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
  • the specific method for determining the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range includes:
  • Collect multiple acoustic emission signals convert multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filter multiple voltage signals;
  • the characteristic analysis method is used to correlate the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals;
  • the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, Event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
  • the spectrum analysis method is used to correlate the spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals;
  • the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, Root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
  • the frequency domain signal reference range is determined.
  • the acoustic emission signals of multiple normal brake devices are measured, and by recording the characteristics of the acoustic emission signals in the normal state, the characteristics are analyzed and set as the threshold.
  • the collected multiple acoustic emission signals are converted into voltage signals and then filtered to eliminate noise.
  • the characteristic analysis method is used to analyze the characteristic parameters of the voltage signal, such as amplitude, energy, ringing count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
  • the characteristic analysis can be correlation graph analysis, that is, in the above characteristic parameters Select two parameters arbitrarily to perform correlation analysis to obtain the time-domain characteristics and internal laws of the acoustic emission signal, and determine the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain characteristics and internal laws, that is, the time-domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals .
  • the frequency domain characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals can be obtained, and the frequency domain signal reference range of acoustic emission signals can be determined.
  • the alarm mechanism is triggered, for example, alarm information is generated and sent to the monitoring cloud platform.
  • the alarm information may be a number, such as "1", that is, when the monitoring cloud platform
  • the received signal is 1, which proves that the elevator brake is faulty and an alarm is issued.
  • an alarm is issued, it can be alarmed by a buzzer or a reminder lamp.
  • the elevator brake fault monitoring method after receiving the acoustic emission signal emitted by the brake device when braking, converts the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filters the voltage signal, and then further The signal characteristic value is extracted from the filtered voltage signal, where the extracted signal characteristic value includes the time domain signal characteristic value and the frequency domain signal characteristic value; according to the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range, it is judged whether the brake device is If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, the brake device is determined to be faulty; if the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
  • the above solution can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the reliability of the safety monitoring of the elevator.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides an elevator brake fault monitoring device 300, where the device 300 includes an acoustic emission sensor 301 and a control unit 302.
  • Acoustic emission sensor 301 used to receive the acoustic emission signal generated by the brake device during elevator braking;
  • the control unit 302 is configured to convert an acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
  • the control unit 302 is also used for judging whether the brake device is faulty according to the signal characteristic threshold;
  • control unit determines that the brake device is faulty
  • control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
  • control unit 302 includes a first analysis subunit 3021, and the first analysis subunit 3021 is used to use a feature analysis method to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the time domain signal of the acoustic emission signal Characteristic value; time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
  • control unit 302 includes a second analysis subunit 3022, and the second analysis subunit 3022 is used to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal by using a spectrum analysis method to determine the frequency domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal ;
  • Spectral variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number of impacts rate and external parameters.
  • the device further includes an alarm unit 303, which is used to trigger an alarm after the control unit 302 determines that the brake device is faulty.
  • control unit 302 is further configured to determine the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range before receiving the acoustic emission signal.
  • control unit 302 is further configured to determine a time domain signal reference range and a frequency domain signal reference range, including:
  • Collect multiple acoustic emission signals convert multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filter multiple voltage signals;
  • the characteristic analysis method is used to correlate the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals;
  • the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, Event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
  • the spectrum analysis method is used to correlate the spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals;
  • the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, Root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
  • the frequency domain signal reference range is determined.
  • the functional blocks shown in the above structural block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.
  • hardware When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, and so on.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform required tasks.
  • the program or code segment may be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or communication link through a data signal carried in a carrier wave.
  • "Machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transmit information.
  • machine-readable media examples include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, and so on.
  • the code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are an elevator brake fault monitoring method, device and system. The method comprises: receiving an acoustic emission signal, which is sent by a brake device when an elevator is braked; converting the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and performing filtering on the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value, wherein the signal characteristic value comprises a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value; determining whether a fault occurs to the brake device according to a reference range of the time domain signal and a reference range of the frequency domain signal, wherein if the time domain signal characteristic value does not fall within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that a fault occurs to the brake device; if the frequency domain signal characteristic value does not fall within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, it is determined that a fault occurs to the brake device. According to the solution, a brake device is monitored by means of signal characteristic values of acoustic emission signals, and the reliability of safety monitoring for elevators is improved.

Description

电梯抱闸故障监测方法、装置和系统Method, device and system for monitoring elevator brake failure
相关申请的交叉引用Cross references to related applications
本申请要求享有于2019年3月22日提交的名称为“电梯抱闸故障监测方法、装置和系统”的中国专利申请201910221812.1的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application 201910221812.1 entitled "Method, Device and System for Elevator Brake Failure Monitoring" filed on March 22, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及电梯技术领域,尤其涉及一种电梯抱闸故障监测方法、装置和系统。This application relates to the technical field of elevators, and in particular to a method, device and system for monitoring elevator brake faults.
背景技术Background technique
当前,随着人们对乘坐电梯安全要求的提高,传统的电梯安全监测方案已越来越不能满足实际使用需求。其中,抱闸装置是电梯的重要安全保障,如果抱闸装置发生问题,存在较大安全隐患。At present, as people's safety requirements for riding in elevators increase, traditional elevator safety monitoring solutions are increasingly unable to meet actual use requirements. Among them, the brake device is an important safety guarantee for the elevator. If there is a problem with the brake device, there is a greater safety hazard.
在电梯设备中,抱闸装置(例如抱闸靴或抱闸闸瓦)是抱闸的运动部分,表面为摩擦面。当抱闸鼓推动抱闸装置时,会将电梯刹住,在某些情况下,抱闸装置会在马达断电时刹住电梯。随着电梯的使用寿命的增加,其抱闸靴必然会发生一定的磨损或裂纹等,当其表面出现损伤或有裂纹时会造成抱闸的异常,表现为抱闸能量不足,轻者会造成轿厢溜梯,严重可导致轿厢坠落等。In elevator equipment, a brake device (such as a brake shoe or a brake shoe) is the moving part of the brake, and the surface is a friction surface. When the brake drum pushes the brake device, it will brake the elevator. In some cases, the brake device will brake the elevator when the motor is powered off. As the service life of the elevator increases, the brake shoes will inevitably undergo certain wear or cracks. When the surface is damaged or cracked, the brake will be abnormal, which is manifested by insufficient brake energy, and the lighter will cause If the car slides, it can cause the car to fall.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请实施例提供了故障监测方法、装置、设备及介质,能够通过声发射信号的信号特征值,对抱闸装置进行监测,提高电梯的安全监测可靠性。The embodiments of the present application provide a fault monitoring method, device, equipment, and medium, which can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the safety monitoring reliability of the elevator.
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述方法 包括:In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an elevator brake fault monitoring method, the method including:
接收声发射信号,所述声发射信号由抱闸装置在电梯制动时发出;Receive acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking;
将所述声发射信号转换为电压信号,对所述电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中,所述信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值;Converting the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filtering the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
根据时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,判断所述抱闸装置是否故障;其中,According to the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal, determine whether the brake device is malfunctioning; wherein,
若所述时域信号特征值不在所述时域信号参考范围内,则确定所述抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, determining that the brake device is faulty;
若所述频域信号特征值不在所述频域信号参考范围内,则确定所述抱闸装置故障。If the frequency domain signal characteristic value is not within the frequency domain signal reference range, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述提取信号特征值包括:According to the elevator brake fault monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present application, the extracting signal characteristic value includes:
采用特征分析法,对所述声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述声发射信号的时域信号特征值;所述时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。The characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the characteristic value of the time domain signal of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise Time, duration and threshold voltage.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述提取信号特征包括:采用频谱分析法,对所述声发射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定所述声发射信号的频域信号特征;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。According to the elevator brake fault monitoring method of the embodiment of the present application, the extracting signal characteristics includes: using a spectrum analysis method to analyze the frequency spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the acoustic emission signal ; The frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number of impacts rate and external parameters.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述方法还包括,According to the elevator brake fault monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:
在接收所述声发射信号之前,确定所述时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围。Before receiving the acoustic emission signal, determine the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述方法还包括,所述确定所述时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,包括:According to the elevator brake fault monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes that determining the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range includes:
采集多个声发射信号,将所述多个声发射信号转换为多个电压信号,对所述多个电压信号进行滤波;Collecting multiple acoustic emission signals, converting the multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filtering the multiple voltage signals;
采用特征分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域信号特征;所述时域变量包 括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压;The characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, Ringing count, event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
根据所述多个声发射信号的时域信号特征,确定所述时域信号参考范围;以及,Determining the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain signal characteristics of the multiple acoustic emission signals; and,
采用频谱分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的频谱变量进行关联分析,确定所述滤波后的多个声发射信号的频域信号特征;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率、外接参量;The frequency spectrum analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the frequency spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals; the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy , Arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
根据所述多个声发射信号的频域信号特征,确定所述频域信号参考范围。Determine the frequency domain signal reference range according to the frequency domain signal characteristics of the multiple acoustic emission signals.
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供一种电梯故障监测装置,所述装置包括:In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides an elevator fault monitoring device, the device including:
声发射传感器,用于接收声发射信号,所述声发射信号由抱闸装置在电梯制动时发出;;Acoustic emission sensor for receiving acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking;
控制单元,用于将所述声发射信号转换为电压信号,对所述电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中所述信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值;The control unit is configured to convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
所述控制单元还用于根据信号特征阈值,判断所述抱闸装置是否故障;其中,The control unit is also used for judging whether the brake device is faulty according to the signal characteristic threshold; wherein,
若所述时域信号特征值不在所述时域信号参考范围内,则所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty;
若所述频域信号特征值不在所述频域信号参考范围内,则所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障。If the frequency domain signal characteristic value is not within the frequency domain signal reference range, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测装置,所述控制单元包括第一分析子单元,所述第一分析子单元用于采用特征分析法,对所述声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述声发射信号的时域信号特征值;所述时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。According to the elevator brake fault monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present application, the control unit includes a first analysis subunit, and the first analysis subunit is used for adopting a characteristic analysis method to analyze the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal. Perform correlation analysis to determine the time domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ringing count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测装置,所述控制单元包括第二分析子单元,所述第二分析子单元用于采用频谱分析法,对所述声发 射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定所述声发射信号的频域信号特征值;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。According to the elevator brake fault monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present application, the control unit includes a second analysis sub-unit, and the second analysis sub-unit is used to perform a spectrum analysis method on the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal. Analyze and determine the frequency domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number rate of impacts and external parameters.
根据本申请实施例所述的电梯抱闸故障监测装置,所述装置还包括告警单元,所述告警单元用于在所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障后触发报警。According to the elevator brake fault monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes an alarm unit configured to trigger an alarm after the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
第三方面,本申请还提供一种电梯故障监测系统,所述系统包括:抱闸装置和如上所述的电梯故障监测装置。In a third aspect, the present application also provides an elevator fault monitoring system, which includes: a brake device and the elevator fault monitoring device described above.
利用本申请实施例的电梯抱闸故障监测方法、装置和系统,接收到由抱闸装置在制动的时候发出的声发射信号后,会将声发射信号转换为电压信号,并对电压信号进行滤波,再进一步将滤波后的电压信号提取信号特征值,其中,提取出来的信号特征值包括时域信号特征值以及频域信号特征值;根据时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,判断抱闸装置是否故障,其中,若时域信号特征值不在时域信号参考范围内,则确定所述抱闸装置故障;若频域信号特征值不在频域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障。上述方案能够通过声发射信号的信号特征值,对抱闸装置进行监测,提高电梯的安全监测的可靠性。Using the elevator brake fault monitoring method, device and system of the embodiments of the present application, after receiving the acoustic emission signal emitted by the brake device during braking, the acoustic emission signal is converted into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is processed Filtering, and then further extract the signal characteristic value from the filtered voltage signal, where the extracted signal characteristic value includes the time domain signal characteristic value and the frequency domain signal characteristic value; judge according to the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range Whether the brake device is faulty, wherein if the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty; if the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, the brake device is determined malfunction. The above solution can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the reliability of the safety monitoring of the elevator.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative work, Other drawings can be obtained from these drawings.
图1为本申请实施例的电梯抱闸故障监测系统的结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator brake fault monitoring system according to an embodiment of the application;
图2为本申请实施例的电梯抱闸故障监测方法的流程图;Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring elevator brake faults according to an embodiment of the application;
图3为本申请实施例的电梯抱闸故障监测装置的结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator brake fault monitoring device according to an embodiment of the application.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例,为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对 本申请进行进一步详细描述。应理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅被配置为解释本申请,并不被配置为限定本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说,本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请更好的理解。The features and exemplary embodiments of each aspect of the application will be described in detail below. In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the application clearer, the following further describes the application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only configured to explain the present application, and not configured to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply one of these entities or operations. There is any such actual relationship or order between. Moreover, the terms "include", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes Other elements of, or also include elements inherent to this process, method, article or equipment. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence "including..." does not exclude the existence of other same elements in the process, method, article, or equipment that includes the element.
参见图1,本申请实施例提供了一种电梯故障监测系统100,系统包括:抱闸装置101和电梯故障监测装置300。Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an elevator fault monitoring system 100. The system includes a brake device 101 and an elevator fault monitoring device 300.
在本申请的实施例中,当电梯在制动的时候,抱闸装置101会发出弹性波最终传达到材料的表面,引起可以由声发射传感器探测到的声发射信号。In the embodiment of the present application, when the elevator is braking, the brake device 101 will emit an elastic wave and finally be transmitted to the surface of the material, causing an acoustic emission signal that can be detected by the acoustic emission sensor.
当抱闸装置101出现故障的时候,如抱闸装置101出现损伤或有裂纹或者损伤,在抱闸装置101中传输的弹性波会由于上述故障的弹性冲击发生变化,进而生成的声发射信号也会发生变化,该声发射信号蕴涵了丰富的碰撞摩擦信息,与振动方法不同的是,声发射信号的频率范围一般在20kHz以上,而振动信号的频率一般比较低。所以,声发射信号不会受到机械振动和噪声的干扰;When the brake device 101 fails, such as the brake device 101 is damaged or cracked or damaged, the elastic wave transmitted in the brake device 101 will change due to the elastic impact of the above-mentioned fault, and the acoustic emission signal generated will also be changed. Changes will occur. The acoustic emission signal contains a wealth of collision and friction information. Unlike the vibration method, the frequency range of the acoustic emission signal is generally above 20 kHz, while the frequency of the vibration signal is generally lower. Therefore, the acoustic emission signal will not be disturbed by mechanical vibration and noise;
电梯故障监测装置300接收经过抱闸装置101传输的声发射信号,将声发射信号转换为电压信号,并对电压信号进行滤波,提取信号中的特征。The elevator fault monitoring device 300 receives the acoustic emission signal transmitted through the brake device 101, converts the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, filters the voltage signal, and extracts the characteristics of the signal.
参见图2,本申请实施例提供了一种电梯抱闸故障监测方法200,该方法包括以下步骤:S201、S202、S203。Referring to Fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a method 200 for monitoring an elevator brake fault. The method includes the following steps: S201, S202, and S203.
S201:接收声发射信号,声发射信号由抱闸装置在电梯制动时发出。S201: Receive acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking.
在本申请的实施例中,当抱着装置出现裂纹,磨损,压痕,切槽,咬合,润滑不良造成表面粗糙等现象的时候,上述故障现象会引起接触面的弹性冲击而通过弹力波的形式释放,而弹立波会引起突发型的声发射信号,该声发射信号中蕴含了抱闸装置与电梯之间碰撞摩擦的信息。例如,抱闸装置上出现损伤的位置以及所受的应力状态的不同导致了抱闸装置的损伤程度也不同,而得到的声发射信号的特征也是不同的。In the embodiments of this application, when the holding device has cracks, wear, indentation, notch, occlusion, and poor lubrication, the surface roughness and other phenomena will cause the elastic impact of the contact surface to pass the elastic wave. The form is released, and the bouncing standing wave will cause a burst of acoustic emission signal, which contains information about the collision and friction between the brake device and the elevator. For example, the location of the damage on the brake device and the different stress state caused the damage degree of the brake device to be different, and the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal obtained were also different.
由于声发射信号的频率范围一般在20kHz以上,而振动信号的频率较低,因此声发射信号是不会受到机械振动产生的振动信号所干扰。Since the frequency range of the acoustic emission signal is generally above 20kHz, and the frequency of the vibration signal is low, the acoustic emission signal will not be disturbed by the vibration signal generated by mechanical vibration.
S202:将声发射信号转换为电压信号,对电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中,信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值。S202: Convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; where the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value.
在本申请的实施例中,接收声发射信号的时候,可以采用传感器接收,例如,换能器、声发射传感器,能够采用传感器将声发射信号转换成电压信号,在这里,接收到的声发射信号是经过多次多次反射,波形衰减和波形变换后不同频率谐波叠加到一起的波形。In the embodiment of the present application, when receiving the acoustic emission signal, a sensor can be used to receive, for example, a transducer, an acoustic emission sensor, and the sensor can be used to convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal. Here, the received acoustic emission The signal is a waveform in which different frequency harmonics are superimposed after multiple reflections, waveform attenuation and waveform transformation.
将声发射信号转换成电压信号后,对电压信号进行滤波,例如,采用高通滤波进行噪声剔除。在对声发射信号进行滤波后,对电压信号进行特征值提取,提取得到的信号特征包括时域信号特征值以及频域信号特征值。After the acoustic emission signal is converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is filtered, for example, high-pass filtering is used to eliminate noise. After the acoustic emission signal is filtered, the characteristic value of the voltage signal is extracted, and the extracted signal characteristic includes the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal.
在本申请的实施例中,提取信号特征值的具体方法包括:采用特征分析法,对声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定声发射信号的时域信号特征值;时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。In the embodiment of the present application, the specific method for extracting the signal characteristic value includes: adopting the characteristic analysis method to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variable of the acoustic emission signal to determine the time domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: Amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage.
在本申请的实施例中,在对信号进行分析的时候针对信号的时域信号特征值,可以采用特征分析法,对电压信号的特征参量进行分析,例如:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压,其中,特征分析可以是关联图分析,即在上述特征参量中任意选择两个参量进行关联分析,得到声发射信号的时域特性以及内在规律,进而确定声发射信号的时域信号特征值。In the embodiment of the present application, when analyzing the signal, the characteristic value of the signal in the time domain can be analyzed using a characteristic analysis method to analyze the characteristic parameters of the voltage signal, such as amplitude, energy, ring count, event , Rise time, duration, and threshold voltage. Among them, the characteristic analysis can be a correlation graph analysis, that is, two parameters are arbitrarily selected from the above characteristic parameters for correlation analysis to obtain the time-domain characteristics and internal laws of the acoustic emission signal, and then determine the sound The time-domain signal characteristic value of the transmitted signal.
在本申请的实施例中,提取信号特征值包括:采用频谱分析法,对声发射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定声发射信号的频域信号特征;频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。In the embodiment of the present application, extracting signal characteristic values includes: using a spectrum analysis method to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the acoustic emission signal; the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, Arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits and external parameters.
在本申请的实施例中,利用声发射信号的频域特性、能量谱、频谱估计、小波变换以及希尔伯特变换等能够得到声发射信号的频域特征,确定声发射信号的频域特征值。In the embodiments of the present application, the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal, energy spectrum, spectrum estimation, wavelet transform, and Hilbert transform can be used to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal, and determine the frequency domain characteristics of the acoustic emission signal value.
S203:根据时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,判断抱闸装置是否故障;其中,S203: Determine whether the brake device is faulty according to the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal; among them,
若时域信号特征值不在时域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty;
若频域信号特征值不在频域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障。If the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
在本申请的实施例中,为出现故障的抱闸装置内将声发射信号传输给传感器的时候,具有一定的特征,也即抱闸装置在正常状态下,声发射信号的特征,根据抱闸装置在正常状态下,声发射信号的特征可以得到时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,在确定时域信号特征值与频域信号特征值后,将时域信号特征值与时域信号参考范围进行比对,若时域信号特征值不在时域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障;经评语信号特征值与频域信号参考范围进行比对,若频域信号特征值不在频域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障。In the embodiment of the present application, when the acoustic emission signal is transmitted to the sensor in the brake device that has a fault, it has certain characteristics, that is, when the brake device is in a normal state, the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal are based on the brake device. In the normal state of the device, the characteristics of the acoustic emission signal can obtain the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal. After determining the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal, the characteristic value of the time domain signal and the time domain signal The reference range is compared. If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty; the characteristic value of the commented signal is compared with the reference range of the frequency domain signal. Within the reference range of the domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
在本申请的实施例中,确定时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围的具体方法包括:In the embodiment of the present application, the specific method for determining the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range includes:
采集多个声发射信号,将多个声发射信号转换为多个电压信号,对多个电压信号进行滤波;Collect multiple acoustic emission signals, convert multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filter multiple voltage signals;
采用特征分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域信号特征;时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压;The characteristic analysis method is used to correlate the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, Event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
根据多个声发射信号的时域信号特征,确定时域信号参考范围;以及,Determine the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals; and,
采用频谱分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的频谱变量进行关联分 析,确定滤波后的多个声发射信号的频域信号特征;频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率、外接参量;The spectrum analysis method is used to correlate the spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals; the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, Root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
根据多个声发射信号的频域信号特征,确定频域信号参考范围。According to the frequency domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals, the frequency domain signal reference range is determined.
在本申请的实施例中,测量多个正常抱闸装置的声发射信号,并通过记录正常状态下的声发射信号的特征,将此特征经过分析后设置为阈值。将采集到的多个声发射信号转换为电压信号后滤波,进行噪声剔除。采用特征分析法,对电压信号的特征参量进行分析,例如:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压,其中,特征分析可以是关联图分析,即在上述特征参量中任意选择两个参量进行关联分析,得到声发射信号的时域特性以及内在规律,并根据时域特性以及内在规律,也即多个声发射信号的时域信号特征,确定时域信号参考范围。In the embodiment of the present application, the acoustic emission signals of multiple normal brake devices are measured, and by recording the characteristics of the acoustic emission signals in the normal state, the characteristics are analyzed and set as the threshold. The collected multiple acoustic emission signals are converted into voltage signals and then filtered to eliminate noise. The characteristic analysis method is used to analyze the characteristic parameters of the voltage signal, such as amplitude, energy, ringing count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage. Among them, the characteristic analysis can be correlation graph analysis, that is, in the above characteristic parameters Select two parameters arbitrarily to perform correlation analysis to obtain the time-domain characteristics and internal laws of the acoustic emission signal, and determine the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain characteristics and internal laws, that is, the time-domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals .
利用多个声发射信号的频域特性、能量谱、频谱估计、小波变换以及希尔伯特变换等能够得到多个声发射信号的频域特征,确定声发射信号的频域信号参考范围。Using the frequency domain characteristics, energy spectrum, spectrum estimation, wavelet transform and Hilbert transform of multiple acoustic emission signals, the frequency domain characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals can be obtained, and the frequency domain signal reference range of acoustic emission signals can be determined.
在本申请的实施例中,在确定电梯抱闸故障后,会触发告警机制,例如,生成告警信息,发送给监测云平台,报警信息可以是数字,如“1”,也即当监测云平台接收到的信号为1,证明电梯抱闸出现故障,进行告警,在进行告警的时候,可以是通过蜂鸣器,还可以是通过提示灯等方式进行告警。In the embodiment of the present application, after the elevator brake failure is determined, the alarm mechanism is triggered, for example, alarm information is generated and sent to the monitoring cloud platform. The alarm information may be a number, such as "1", that is, when the monitoring cloud platform The received signal is 1, which proves that the elevator brake is faulty and an alarm is issued. When an alarm is issued, it can be alarmed by a buzzer or a reminder lamp.
本申请实施例提供的电梯抱闸故障监测方法,接收到由抱闸装置在制动的时候发出的声发射信号后,会将声发射信号转换为电压信号,并对电压信号进行滤波,再进一步将滤波后的电压信号提取信号特征值,其中,提取出来的信号特征值包括时域信号特征值以及频域信号特征值;根据时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,判断抱闸装置是否故障,其中,若时域信号特征值不在时域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障;若频域信号特征值不在频域信号参考范围内,则确定抱闸装置故障。上述方案能够通过声发射信号的信号特征值,对抱闸装置进行监测,提高电梯的安全监测的可靠性。The elevator brake fault monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the application, after receiving the acoustic emission signal emitted by the brake device when braking, converts the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filters the voltage signal, and then further The signal characteristic value is extracted from the filtered voltage signal, where the extracted signal characteristic value includes the time domain signal characteristic value and the frequency domain signal characteristic value; according to the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range, it is judged whether the brake device is If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, the brake device is determined to be faulty; if the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, it is determined that the brake device is faulty. The above solution can monitor the brake device through the signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal, and improve the reliability of the safety monitoring of the elevator.
参见图3,本申请实施例还提供了一种电梯抱闸故障监测装置300,其中,装置300包括:声发射传感器301、控制单元302。Referring to FIG. 3, an embodiment of the present application also provides an elevator brake fault monitoring device 300, where the device 300 includes an acoustic emission sensor 301 and a control unit 302.
声发射传感器301,用于接收抱闸装置在电梯制动过程中产生的声发射信号; Acoustic emission sensor 301, used to receive the acoustic emission signal generated by the brake device during elevator braking;
控制单元302,用于将声发射信号转换为电压信号,对电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值;The control unit 302 is configured to convert an acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
控制单元302还用于根据信号特征阈值,判断抱闸装置是否故障;其中,The control unit 302 is also used for judging whether the brake device is faulty according to the signal characteristic threshold; where,
若时域信号特征值不在时域信号参考范围内,则控制单元确定抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty;
若频域信号特征值不在频域信号参考范围内,则控制单元确定抱闸装置故障。If the characteristic value of the frequency domain signal is not within the reference range of the frequency domain signal, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
在一些实施例中,控制单元302包括第一分析子单元3021,第一分析子单元3021用于采用特征分析法,对声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定声发射信号的时域信号特征值;时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。In some embodiments, the control unit 302 includes a first analysis subunit 3021, and the first analysis subunit 3021 is used to use a feature analysis method to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the time domain signal of the acoustic emission signal Characteristic value; time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
在一些实施例中,控制单元302包括第二分析子单元3022,第二分析子单元3022用于采用频谱分析法,对声发射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定声发射信号的频域信号特征值;频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。In some embodiments, the control unit 302 includes a second analysis subunit 3022, and the second analysis subunit 3022 is used to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal by using a spectrum analysis method to determine the frequency domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal ; Spectral variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number of impacts rate and external parameters.
在一些实施例中,装置还包括告警单元303,告警单元303用于在控制单元302确定抱闸装置故障后触发报警。In some embodiments, the device further includes an alarm unit 303, which is used to trigger an alarm after the control unit 302 determines that the brake device is faulty.
在一些实施例中,控制单元302还用于在接收声发射信号之前,确定时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围。In some embodiments, the control unit 302 is further configured to determine the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range before receiving the acoustic emission signal.
在一些实施例中,控制单元302还用于确定时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,包括:In some embodiments, the control unit 302 is further configured to determine a time domain signal reference range and a frequency domain signal reference range, including:
采集多个声发射信号,将多个声发射信号转换为多个电压信号,对多个电压信号进行滤波;Collect multiple acoustic emission signals, convert multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filter multiple voltage signals;
采用特征分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域信号特征;时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压;The characteristic analysis method is used to correlate the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, Event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
根据多个声发射信号的时域信号特征,确定时域信号参考范围;以及,Determine the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals; and,
采用频谱分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的频谱变量进行关联分析,确定滤波后的多个声发射信号的频域信号特征;频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率、外接参量;The spectrum analysis method is used to correlate the spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals; the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, Root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
根据多个声发射信号的频域信号特征,确定频域信号参考范围。According to the frequency domain signal characteristics of multiple acoustic emission signals, the frequency domain signal reference range is determined.
需要明确的是,本申请并不局限于上文所描述并在图中示出的特定配置和处理。为了简明起见,这里省略了对已知方法的详细描述。在上述实施例中,描述和示出了若干具体的步骤作为示例。但是,本申请的方法过程并不限于所描述和示出的具体步骤,本领域的技术人员可以在领会本申请的精神后,作出各种改变、修改和添加,或者改变步骤之间的顺序。It should be clear that the present application is not limited to the specific configuration and processing described above and shown in the figure. For brevity, a detailed description of the known method is omitted here. In the above embodiment, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. After understanding the spirit of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and additions, or change the order between the steps.
以上的结构框图中所示的功能块可以实现为硬件、软件、固件或者它们的组合。当以硬件方式实现时,其可以例如是电子电路、专用集成电路(ASIC)、适当的固件、插件、功能卡等等。当以软件方式实现时,本申请的元素是被用于执行所需任务的程序或者代码段。程序或者代码段可以存储在机器可读介质中,或者通过载波中携带的数据信号在传输介质或者通信链路上传送。“机器可读介质”可以包括能够存储或传输信息的任何介质。机器可读介质的例子包括电子电路、半导体存储器设备、ROM、闪存、可擦除ROM(EROM)、软盘、CD-ROM、光盘、硬盘、光纤介质、射频(RF)链路,等等。代码段可以经由诸如因特网、内联网等的计算机网络被下载。The functional blocks shown in the above structural block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, and so on. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform required tasks. The program or code segment may be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or communication link through a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transmit information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, and so on. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.
还需要说明的是,本申请中提及的示例性实施例,基于一系列的步骤或者装置描述一些方法或系统。但是,本申请不局限于上述步骤的顺序,也就是说,可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤,也可以不同于实施例中的顺序,或者若干步骤同时执行。It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present application is not limited to the order of the above steps, that is, the steps may be executed in the order mentioned in the embodiment, or may be different from the order in the embodiment, or several steps may be executed simultaneously.
以上,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为了描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统、模块和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。应理解,本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换,这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。The above are only specific implementations of the present application, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process of the above-described system, module and unit can be referred to in the foregoing method embodiment The corresponding process will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should cover Within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电梯抱闸故障监测方法,所述方法包括:An elevator brake fault monitoring method, the method includes:
    接收声发射信号,所述声发射信号由抱闸装置在电梯制动时发出;Receive acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking;
    将所述声发射信号转换为电压信号,对所述电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中,所述信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值;Converting the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filtering the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
    根据时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,判断所述抱闸装置是否故障;其中,According to the reference range of the time domain signal and the reference range of the frequency domain signal, determine whether the brake device is malfunctioning; wherein,
    若所述时域信号特征值不在所述时域信号参考范围内,则确定所述抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, determining that the brake device is faulty;
    若所述频域信号特征值不在所述频域信号参考范围内,则确定所述抱闸装置故障。If the frequency domain signal characteristic value is not within the frequency domain signal reference range, it is determined that the brake device is faulty.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述提取信号特征值包括:The method according to claim 1, wherein said extracting signal characteristic values comprises:
    采用特征分析法,对所述声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述声发射信号的时域信号特征值;所述时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。The characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the characteristic value of the time domain signal of the acoustic emission signal; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ring count, event, rise Time, duration and threshold voltage.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述提取信号特征包括:The method according to claim 1, wherein said extracting signal features comprises:
    采用频谱分析法,对所述声发射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定所述声发射信号的频域信号特征;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。The spectrum analysis method is used to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the acoustic emission signal; the spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value , Impact number, impact number rate and external parameters.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括,在接收所述声发射信号之前,确定所述时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围。The method according to claim 1, further comprising, before receiving the acoustic emission signal, determining the time domain signal reference range and frequency domain signal reference range.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,所述确定所述时域信号参考范围和频域信号参考范围,包括:The method according to claim 4, the determining the time domain signal reference range and the frequency domain signal reference range comprises:
    采集多个声发射信号,将所述多个声发射信号转换为多个电压信号,对所述多个电压信号进行滤波;Collecting multiple acoustic emission signals, converting the multiple acoustic emission signals into multiple voltage signals, and filtering the multiple voltage signals;
    采用特征分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述滤波后的多个声发射信号的时域信号特征;所述时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压;The characteristic analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the time domain variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the time domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals; the time domain variables include: amplitude, energy, Ringing count, event, rise time, duration and threshold voltage;
    根据所述多个声发射信号的时域信号特征,确定所述时域信号参考范围;以及,Determining the time-domain signal reference range according to the time-domain signal characteristics of the multiple acoustic emission signals; and,
    采用频谱分析法,对滤波后的多个声发射信号的频谱变量进行关联分析,确定所述滤波后的多个声发射信号的频域信号特征;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率、外接参量;The frequency spectrum analysis method is used to perform correlation analysis on the frequency spectrum variables of the filtered multiple acoustic emission signals to determine the frequency domain signal characteristics of the multiple filtered acoustic emission signals; the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy , Arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of hits, rate of hits, external parameters;
    根据所述多个声发射信号的频域信号特征,确定所述频域信号参考范围。Determine the frequency domain signal reference range according to the frequency domain signal characteristics of the multiple acoustic emission signals.
  6. 一种电梯故障监测装置,所述装置包括:An elevator fault monitoring device, the device comprising:
    声发射传感器,用于接收声发射信号,所述声发射信号由抱闸装置在电梯制动时发出;Acoustic emission sensor, used to receive acoustic emission signals, which are emitted by the brake device when the elevator is braking;
    控制单元,用于将所述声发射信号转换为电压信号,对所述电压信号进行滤波以提取信号特征值;其中所述信号特征值包括时域信号特征值和频域信号特征值;The control unit is configured to convert the acoustic emission signal into a voltage signal, and filter the voltage signal to extract a signal characteristic value; wherein the signal characteristic value includes a time domain signal characteristic value and a frequency domain signal characteristic value;
    所述控制单元还用于根据信号特征阈值,判断所述抱闸装置是否故障;其中,The control unit is also used for judging whether the brake device is faulty according to the signal characteristic threshold; wherein,
    若所述时域信号特征值不在所述时域信号参考范围内,则所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障;If the characteristic value of the time domain signal is not within the reference range of the time domain signal, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty;
    若所述频域信号特征值不在所述频域信号参考范围内,则所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障。If the frequency domain signal characteristic value is not within the frequency domain signal reference range, the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置,所述控制单元包括第一分析子单元,所述第一分析子单元用于采用特征分析法,对所述声发射信号的时域变量进行关联分析,确定所述声发射信号的时域信号特征值;所述时域变量包括:幅度、能量、振铃计数、事件、上升时间、持续时间和门槛电压。The device according to claim 6, wherein the control unit comprises a first analysis sub-unit, and the first analysis sub-unit is configured to use a characteristic analysis method to perform correlation analysis on the time-domain variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine The time-domain signal characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal; the time-domain variables include: amplitude, energy, ringing count, event, rise time, duration, and threshold voltage.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的装置,所述控制单元包括第二分析子单元,所述第二分析子单元用于采用频谱分析法,对所述声发射信号的频谱变量进行分析,确定所述声发射信号的频域信号特征值;所述频谱变量包括:幅度、持续时间、能量、到达时间、均方根电压值、撞击数、撞击数率和外接参量。The device according to claim 6, wherein the control unit comprises a second analysis subunit, and the second analysis subunit is configured to use a spectrum analysis method to analyze the spectrum variables of the acoustic emission signal to determine the acoustic emission signal. The frequency domain signal characteristic value of the transmitted signal; the frequency spectrum variables include: amplitude, duration, energy, arrival time, root mean square voltage value, number of impacts, number of impacts rate and external parameters.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的装置,所述装置还包括告警单元,所述告警单元用于在所述控制单元确定所述抱闸装置故障后触发报警。The device according to claim 6, further comprising an alarm unit configured to trigger an alarm after the control unit determines that the brake device is faulty.
  10. 一种电梯故障监测系统,所述系统包括:抱闸装置和如权利要求6-9中任一项所述的电梯故障监测装置。An elevator fault monitoring system, the system comprising: a brake device and the elevator fault monitoring device according to any one of claims 6-9.
PCT/CN2020/074611 2019-03-22 2020-02-10 Elevator brake fault monitoring method, device and system WO2020192281A1 (en)

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