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WO2020042953A1 - 制作切片的装置、3d打印设备和方法、以及3d打印模型 - Google Patents

制作切片的装置、3d打印设备和方法、以及3d打印模型 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042953A1
WO2020042953A1 PCT/CN2019/101377 CN2019101377W WO2020042953A1 WO 2020042953 A1 WO2020042953 A1 WO 2020042953A1 CN 2019101377 W CN2019101377 W CN 2019101377W WO 2020042953 A1 WO2020042953 A1 WO 2020042953A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
printed
slice
driving device
slices
graphic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/101377
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱麾忠
周欣
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方专用显示科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方专用显示科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP19854661.6A priority Critical patent/EP3845364A4/en
Priority to US16/633,660 priority patent/US20210206062A1/en
Publication of WO2020042953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042953A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502769—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements
    • B01L3/502784—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics
    • B01L3/502792—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics for moving individual droplets on a plate, e.g. by locally altering surface tension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B29C64/291—Arrangements for irradiation for operating globally, e.g. together with selectively applied activators or inhibitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/0415—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
    • B01L2400/0427—Electrowetting

Definitions

  • At least one example of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus, a 3D printing apparatus and method for making slices of a 3D printed model, and a 3D printed model.
  • the conventional 3D printing technology has the problems of low accuracy and low efficiency.
  • a single 3D printing device can only print one model at the same time, which is low in efficiency and has no advantage in large-scale production.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus, a 3D printing apparatus and method for making slices of a 3D printed model, and a 3D printed model.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for making a slice of a 3D printed model, including: a driving device including a plurality of driving units configured to form an electric field, and the driving device configured to drive a A liquid 3D printing material flows under the control of the electric field to form a graphic to be printed; and a curing component, which is disposed opposite the driving device, and is configured to provide light that causes the graphic to be printed to be cured into slices.
  • the driving unit includes a first electrode and a second electrode insulated from each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode It is configured to be respectively applied with different voltages to form the electric field.
  • the driving device further includes a base substrate, and the first electrode and the second electrode are located on the base substrate
  • the driving device further includes a protective layer covering the first electrode and the second electrode; the protective layer includes a groove located on the periphery of the driving device, and the groove is configured to receive The liquid material that does not need to be printed out of the driving device is described.
  • the protective layer includes a first through hole, and the first through hole is in a direction parallel to the base substrate The protective layer penetrates the protection layer and is located outside the groove. The first through hole communicates with the groove.
  • a retaining wall is provided on a side of the driving device near the curing component, and the retaining wall is near the A second through hole is provided on one side of the driving device, and the second through hole is configured so that the liquid material that does not need to be printed flows out of the space surrounded by the retaining wall.
  • the driving device further includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, the plurality of gate lines and the plurality of data lines
  • the data lines are insulated from each other and cross to define the plurality of driving units, the driving units including a thin film transistor, and the thin film transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing apparatus including any of the above-mentioned devices for making slices of a 3D printed model.
  • the 3D printing device further includes: a slice stacking component configured to stack a plurality of slices; and a slice combination component configured to combine the stacked plurality of slices into a 3D printing model.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes a registration mark forming element configured to form a registration mark on the slice.
  • the slice stacking assembly includes a robot arm, a platform, and an alignment element, the platform is configured to place the slice, and the robot arm is It is configured to move the slice from the driving device to the platform, and the positioning element is configured to align adjacent slices with each other.
  • the slice combination component includes at least one of a light unit, an adhesive coating unit, and the like.
  • the lighting unit is configured to provide light irradiated onto the plurality of slices so that the plurality of slices are melted.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing method, comprising: laying a layer of liquid 3D printing material on a driving device; and adjusting an electric field of at least a part of the driving units of the driving units in the driving device such that at least Part of the 3D printing material flows to form a graphic to be printed; light curing the graphic to be printed to form a slice; repeating the above steps to form multiple slices; stacking the multiple slices; and combining the multiple stacked Slice to get a 3D printed model.
  • the 3D printing method further includes a step of forming at least two registration marks on a side of the slice, the at least two registration marks being configured such that two adjacent adjacent slices are stacked in a parallel manner to the slice. The two directions perpendicular to each other in the plane are aligned with each other.
  • the 3D printing method further includes the step of removing the slice from the driving device after forming each slice on the driving device and before forming the next slice.
  • an electric field of at least a part of the plurality of driving units in the driving device is adjusted so that at least a portion of the 3D printing material flows to form a to-be-printed
  • the graphic includes: adjusting an electric field of a driving unit corresponding to a blank position in the graphic to be printed and a periphery of the graphic to be printed so that at least a part of the 3D printing material flows so that the entire 3D printing material forms the graphic to be printed .
  • an electric field of at least a part of the plurality of driving units in the driving device is adjusted so that at least a portion of the 3D printing material flows to form a to-be-printed
  • the graphic includes: adjusting an electric field of a driving unit corresponding to a blank position in the graphic to be printed and a periphery of the graphic to be printed so that at least part of the 3D printing material flows so that part of the 3D printing material forms the graphic to be printed .
  • the 3D printing method further includes separating the remaining 3D printing material that does not form the graphic to be printed from the graphic to be printed.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure provides a 3D printing model, which is formed using any one of the methods described above.
  • FIG. 1A is a device for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view of a layer of a liquid 3D printing material tiled on a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic top view of a driving unit in a driving device in a device for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1D is a schematic top view of a graphic to be printed on a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 1E is a schematic diagram of a curing component in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure, so that a graphic to be printed is cured into a slice;
  • 2A is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • 2B is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic view from another perspective of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 2D is a top view of a driving device in an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • 2E is a top view of a driving unit that forms an electric field in a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 2F is a top view of a driving unit that forms an electric field in a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 3A is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • 3B is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic view from another perspective of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 3D is a schematic top view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • 3E is a schematic top view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of forming a plurality of graphics to be printed on a driving device of a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • 6A is a schematic diagram of an alignment mark forming element in a 3D printing device according to an example of the present disclosure
  • 6B is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device stacking adjacent slices provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a 3D printing model provided by using an example of the present disclosure.
  • Microfluidics is currently used in many fields, especially in the fields of chemistry and medicine, and has unparalleled advantages for various chemical experiments. Microfluidics can control the movement, splitting, and reaction of liquids.
  • Microfluidic technology based on electrowetting on the medium means that on a chip containing an insulating medium, the contact angle of the droplets on the medium can be changed by applying a voltage signal to cause the droplets to deform asymmetrically, thereby generating internal forces to achieve Droplet manipulation technology.
  • This technology is receiving more and more attention due to its advantages such as simple implementation, convenient operation, good controllability, and high driving ability, and is considered to be the most promising technology in the field of microfluidics.
  • the liquid can be moved and split under the action of an electric field.
  • FIG. 1A is a device for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • the device includes a driving device 10 and a curing assembly 20.
  • a layer of liquid 3D printing material 01 can be placed on the surface of the driving device 10.
  • the curing assembly 20 is disposed opposite to the driving device 10.
  • the liquid 3D printing material 01 includes a resin and a photocuring agent, and may further include a solvent and the like.
  • the liquid 3D printing material 01 is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view of a layer of a liquid 3D printing material tiled on a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure. For example, after the liquid 3D printing material is laid on the driving device, it can be flattened by a flat plate.
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic top view of a driving unit in a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the driving device 10 includes a plurality of driving units 11 configured to form an electric field, for example, each of the plurality of driving units 11 is configured to form an electric field.
  • the plurality of driving units 11 are arranged in an array. The arrangement of the plurality of driving units 11 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1C. By adjusting the electric field of the relevant driving unit 11, the movement of the liquid and the operation of opening and closing can be realized.
  • the liquid is separated into a plurality of liquid droplets, or a plurality of liquid droplets are fused together.
  • the adjustment of the electric field of the drive unit 11 includes adjustment of the magnitude of the electric field that the drive unit 11 forms, does not form, or forms.
  • the plurality of driving units 11 cooperate to make the liquid 3D printing material flow.
  • FIG. 1D is a schematic top view of a graphic to be printed on a driving device in an apparatus for making a slice of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • the driving device 10 is configured to drive the liquid 3D printing material 01 on its surface to flow under the control of an electric field to form a pattern 010 to be printed.
  • the graphic 010 to be printed may include a blank area (at a blank position) 0101 surrounded by the liquid 3D printing material 01.
  • FIG. 1D schematically describes the graphic 010 to be printed.
  • the graphic 010 to be printed can be set according to requirements, and is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1D.
  • the blank area (at the blank position) 010 does not include the liquid 3D printing material 01.
  • the manufacturing of the driving unit 11 can refer to the manufacturing method of the common electrode and the pixel electrode that control the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules in the pixel unit in the field of liquid crystal display. Production of slices with curved surfaces.
  • the flow of the liquid can be controlled by the electric field to obtain a desired graphic to be printed. Since the driving unit 11 can have higher accuracy, the accuracy of 3D printing can be improved.
  • FIG. 1E is a schematic diagram of a curing component in a device for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure, so that a graphic to be printed is cured into slices.
  • the curing component 20 is configured to provide light that causes the graphic 010 (as shown in FIG. 1D) to be printed to be cured into a slice 02.
  • the curing assembly 20 includes a substrate 201 and a plurality of light sources 202 located on a side of the substrate 201 near the driving device 10.
  • the substrate 201 includes a printed circuit board, but is not limited thereto.
  • the light source 202 may emit ultraviolet light, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source 202 may be 365 nm, but is not limited thereto.
  • the light source 202 can provide energy to the graphic 010 to be printed to cure it.
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the driving device 10 includes a base substrate 101 and a plurality of driving units 11 on the base substrate 101.
  • the driving unit 11 includes a first electrode 102 and a second electrode 104 insulated from each other, and the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 are configured to be respectively applied with different voltages to form an electric field.
  • a plurality of first electrodes 102 constitute a first electrode layer 12.
  • the first electrodes 102 of the first electrode layer 12 are plate-shaped, that is, the first electrodes 102 of different driving units 11 can be electrically connected to each other.
  • the driving device 10 further includes a protective layer 105 covering the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104.
  • the position of the liquid 3D printing material can be changed by adjusting the voltage of the second electrode 104 in each driving unit 11 to form a pattern to be printed.
  • a reference voltage may be input to the second electrode 104, and the reference voltage is, for example, a fixed voltage.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the protective layer 105 includes a groove 1050 located at the periphery of the driving device 10, and the groove 1050 is configured to receive a liquid material that does not need to be printed out of the driving device 10 to facilitate material recycle and re-use.
  • the groove 1050 may be annular, including, for example, a circular ring or a rectangular ring.
  • the groove 1050 is located outside the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104.
  • the orthographic projection of the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 on the base substrate 101 falls into the orthographic projection of the area surrounded by the groove 1050 on the base substrate 101.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic view from another perspective of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the device for making a slice of a 3D printed model may further include a first through hole 1051 to facilitate material recycling.
  • the first through hole 1051 penetrates the protective layer 105 in a direction parallel to the base substrate 101 and is located outside the groove 1050. That is, the protective layer 105 includes a first through hole 1051 penetrating a portion of the protective layer 105 outside the groove 1050 in a direction parallel to the base substrate 101.
  • the first through hole 1051 is in communication with the groove 1050.
  • the direction parallel to the base substrate 101 includes a horizontal direction, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 2D is a top view of a driving device in an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • the groove 1050 is provided around the periphery of the driving device 10.
  • the protective layer 105 can also be disposed at a position outside the groove 1050 in a direction parallel to the substrate 101 and penetrate the protective layer 105 and the groove 1050. Connected first through hole 1051.
  • the direction parallel to the base substrate 101 includes a horizontal direction, but is not limited thereto.
  • the material of the insulating layer includes at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride.
  • the protective layer 105 is made of an insulating material.
  • the material of the protective layer 105 includes resin.
  • the materials of the insulating layer and the protective layer 105 are not limited to those mentioned above.
  • FIG. 2E is a top view of a driving unit that forms an electric field in a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2E shows a plurality of gate lines 001, a plurality of data lines 002, and a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs) 003.
  • the plurality of gate lines 001 and the plurality of data lines 002 are insulated from each other and cross to define a plurality of driving units 11.
  • the plurality of gate lines 001 are parallel to each other.
  • the plurality of data lines 002 are parallel to each other.
  • the electric field change at the position of the liquid 3D printing material above the driving device is used to drive the liquid 3D printing material to flow.
  • the liquid 3D printing material on the driving device may be changed in position by an electric field between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104.
  • the liquid 3D printing material on the driving device may change position due to at least one of an electric field between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 and an electric field generated by the second electrode 104.
  • the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 are plate-shaped in FIG. 2E, but the shapes of the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 are not limited to those shown in the figure.
  • at least one of the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 is a slit electrode, and a multi-dimensional electric field can be formed.
  • the liquid 3D printing material on the driving device can change position under the action of a multi-dimensional electric field.
  • multi-dimensional electric fields include horizontal and vertical components.
  • the liquid 3D printing material changes the contact angle under the action of the vertical electric field or the vertical component of the electric field, produces asymmetric deformation, and generates internal forces to cause the liquid / droplet to move and split to form the pattern to be printed, but Not limited to this.
  • FIG. 2F is a top view of a driving unit that forms an electric field in a driving device in a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the second electrode 104 is a slit electrode.
  • the driving device may directly adopt the liquid crystal display. The following is further described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C.
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the driving device 10 is a liquid crystal display. As shown in FIG. 3A, the driving device 10 includes a base substrate 101 and an opposite substrate 121 facing the base substrate 101. The first electrode layer 12 and the first alignment layer 107 are provided on a side of the base substrate 101 near the counter substrate 121. A second electrode layer 14 and a second alignment layer 122 are provided on a side of the counter substrate 121 near the base substrate 101. A liquid crystal layer 123 is provided between the base substrate 101 and the counter substrate 121. The base substrate 101 and the counter substrate 121 are sealed together by a frame sealant 124.
  • the base substrate 101 and the counter substrate 121 may be glass substrates, but are not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • a blocking wall 130 is provided on a side of the driving device 10 near the curing component 20.
  • the blocking wall 130 is configured to block a liquid material that does not need to be printed and flows to the outside away from the printed figure.
  • the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104 are both disposed on the base substrate 100, and an insulating layer 109 is provided between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 104.
  • the structure of the driving device shown in FIG. 3A may also be adopted in FIG. 3B.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B For the structure of the driving unit 11 in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, reference may be made to FIG. 2E or FIG. 2F and related descriptions, and details are not described herein again.
  • the apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model may include both the groove 1050 shown in FIG. 2B and the retaining wall 130 shown in FIG. 3B.
  • FIG. 3D is a schematic top view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of second through holes 1301 are provided in the retaining wall 130.
  • the driving device 10 may be a polygon, and accordingly, the retaining wall 130 is a polygon ring surrounding the polygon.
  • Each of the plurality of second through holes 1301 is disposed at an edge or a corner of the retaining wall 130.
  • the retaining wall 130 is a rectangular ring, and each of the plurality of second through holes 1301 is disposed on an edge of the retaining wall 130.
  • the driving device is circular, and a plurality of second through holes are evenly distributed in the annular retaining wall 130.
  • FIG. 3E is a schematic top view of an apparatus for making slices of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • the groove 1050 is located outside the retaining wall 130.
  • the material that does not need to be printed out through the second through hole 1301 of the retaining wall 130 enters the groove 1050 and then flows out through the first through hole 1051.
  • the fact that the groove 1050 is located outside the retaining wall 130 means that the groove 1050 is closer to the edge of the driving device 10 than the retaining wall 130.
  • the fact that the groove 1050 is located outside the retaining wall 130 means that the retaining wall 130 is closer to the center of the driving device 10 than the groove 1050.
  • the driving device 10 may adopt a liquid crystal display panel as shown in FIG. 3A or FIG. 3B, or a liquid crystal layer may not be provided in the driving device 10.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 2A or FIG. The example is not limited as long as it can form an electric field that can drive the liquid 3D printing material to form a pattern to be printed.
  • the first electrodes 102 in different driving units may be insulated from each other, and the TFT and the first electrode may be electrically connected. The same electrical signal is applied to the second electrodes 104 of different driving units.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of forming a plurality of graphics to be printed on a driving device of a device for making a slice of a 3D printed model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • multiple graphics to be printed can be formed on the driving device at the same time, so as to facilitate large-scale production and improve the efficiency of 3D printing.
  • a slice forming the same pattern is taken as an example for description. Since each driving unit can be controlled independently, and slices of different graphics can also be formed, the examples of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing apparatus including any of the above-mentioned devices for making slices of a 3D printed model.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes a slice stacking component 30 and a slice combining component 40.
  • the slice stacking assembly 30 is configured to stack a plurality of slices 02.
  • the slice combining component 40 is configured to combine the stacked plurality of slices 02 into a 3D printed model 03.
  • the slice stacking assembly 30 includes a platform 301, an alignment element 302, and a robot arm 303.
  • the platform 301 is configured to place the slice 02
  • the robotic arm 303 is configured to move the slice 02 from the driving device 10 to the platform 301
  • the positioning element 302 is configured to align adjacent slices 02 with each other.
  • the alignment element 302 includes a camera, but is not limited thereto.
  • the slice combination assembly 40 is configured to melt and solidify a plurality of stacked slices 02 to form a 3D printed model 03.
  • the combination of the slices may be performed by at least one of lighting and bonding.
  • the slice combination assembly 40 includes at least one of a light unit, an adhesive coating unit, and the like.
  • the lighting unit is configured to provide light that is irradiated onto the plurality of slices 02 so that the plurality of slices 02 is melted.
  • the cooling method includes air cooling, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of an alignment mark forming element in a 3D printing device according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes a registration mark forming element 50.
  • the registration mark forming element 50 is configured to form a registration mark on the slice 02.
  • the registration mark forming element 50 is configured to form at least two registration marks located in different orientations on the slice 02.
  • the registration mark forming element 50 includes two registration mark forming elements: a first registration mark forming element 501 and a second registration mark forming element 502 to form two registration marks on the slice 02, respectively: the first pair Bit mark 031 and second registration mark 032.
  • the same registration mark forming element may also be used to sequentially form the first registration mark 031 and the second registration mark 032.
  • at least two alignment marks in different orientations may be formed on the side of the slice 02.
  • the different orientations may be relative to the center of the slice 02.
  • the first registration mark 031 and the second registration mark 032 may be located on the sides of the slice 02, respectively.
  • the first registration mark 031 and The second alignment marks 032 may be located at the right position and the lower position, respectively.
  • the alignment mark may be formed by using a laser.
  • the alignment mark may be formed by using a laser spraying method, but is not limited thereto.
  • the alignment mark may be a cross shape, but is not limited thereto.
  • the alignment mark forming element 50 includes a laser emitter, and the laser light emitted by the laser emitter is irradiated on the slice 02 to form a focal point, so that the material at the focal point can be carbonized, thereby forming an alignment. Bit mark.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by using the alignment mark forming element 50 as a laser transmitter as an example, but it is not limited thereto, and the alignment mark may be formed in other manners.
  • alignment marks of other shapes may be formed, and the shape of the alignment marks is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the portion containing the registration mark may be cut out to form a final product, but is not limited thereto, and the registration mark may be set at a set position so that it can be retained.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device stacking adjacent slices according to an example of the present disclosure.
  • the first slice 021 and the second slice 022 are adjacent.
  • the first slice 021 is provided with a first registration mark 041 and a second registration mark 042.
  • the second slice 022 is provided with a third registration mark 051 and a fourth registration mark 052.
  • the first slice 021 is placed on the platform 301.
  • the first registration mark 041 and the third registration mark 051 are aligned vertically
  • the second registration mark 042 and the fourth registration mark 052 are vertically aligned. Aligned.
  • two adjacent slices can be aligned with each other in two directions perpendicular to each other in a plane parallel to the slice 02.
  • two adjacent slices are positioned in two directions perpendicular to each other in a plane parallel to the platform 301.
  • the two directions are, for example, a first direction X and a second direction Y.
  • two adjacent slices can be aligned sequentially, so that multiple slices can be positioned.
  • the slice 02 has two surfaces parallel to each other.
  • a plane parallel to the platform 301 is a plane parallel to the upper surface of the platform 301.
  • more than two alignment marks can be set on the slice.
  • other alignment methods can be used for alignment. For example, when each slice is placed on the platform, the position of each slice on the platform can be positioned to achieve slice positioning and stacking.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing method including: tiling a layer of liquid 3D printing material on a driving device; adjusting an electric field of at least a part of the driving units of the driving units in the driving device such that at least a part 3D printing material flows to form the graphic to be printed; the light is irradiated so that the graphic to be printed is solidified to form a slice; the above steps are repeated to form multiple slices; multiple slices are stacked; and multiple stacked slices are combined Together, get 3D printed models.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing method, comprising: laying a layer of liquid 3D printing material on a driving device; and adjusting an electric field of at least a part of the driving units of the plurality of driving units in the driving device such that at least Part of the 3D printing material flows to form a graphic to be printed; light curing the graphic to be printed to form a slice; repeating the above steps to form multiple slices; stacking the multiple slices; and combining the multiple stacked Slice to get a 3D printed model.
  • the 3D printing method further includes the step of forming at least two registration marks on the sides of each slice, and at least two registration marks on each slice are configured such that two adjacent slices that are superimposed are on the same plane. Position in two directions perpendicular to each other.
  • the 3D printing method further includes the step of removing the slice from the driving device after each slice is formed on the driving device and before forming the next slice.
  • adjusting the electric field of at least a part of a plurality of driving units in the driving device so that at least a portion of the 3D printing material flows to form a graphic to be printed includes: adjusting a blank area (at a blank position) in the graphic to be printed; and The electric field of the driving unit corresponding to the periphery of the graphic to be printed causes at least a portion of the 3D printing material to flow so that the entire 3D printing material forms the graphic to be printed.
  • an electric field is formed at a blank position in a graphic to be printed and a driving unit corresponding to the periphery of the graphic to be printed, and no electric field is formed at a corresponding position of the graphic to be printed. Therefore, a blank area where no 3D printing material is provided is formed at the position of the electric field. Thereby, a figure to be printed is formed.
  • adjusting the electric field of at least a part of the driving units of the plurality of driving units in the driving device so that at least a portion of the 3D printing material flows to form a graphic to be printed includes: adjusting a blank position in the graphic to be printed and the graphic to be printed
  • the electric field of the corresponding driving unit on the periphery causes at least part of the 3D printing material to flow so that part of the 3D printing material forms a pattern to be printed.
  • the remaining 3D printing materials that do not form a graphic to be printed are separated from the graphic to be printed, so as to facilitate recycling.
  • the 3D printing device and the 3D printing method can refer to each other, and the same or similar parts are not described repeatedly.
  • At least one example of the present disclosure provides a 3D printing model, which is formed using any one of the methods described above.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a 3D printing model provided by an example of the present disclosure.
  • the 3D printing model can be formed by using any of the 3D printing devices and any of the 3D printing methods described above.

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Abstract

提供一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置、3D打印设备和方法，以及3D打印模型。该制作3D打印模型的切片的装置，包括：驱动器件(10)，包括多个驱动单元(11)，所述驱动单元(11)被配置为形成电场，所述驱动器件(10)被配置为驱动位于其表面的液态的3D打印材料在所述电场的控制下流动以形成待打印的图形；以及固化组件(20)，与所述驱动器件(10)相对设置，并被配置为提供使得所述待打印的图形固化为切片的光。该制作3D打印模型的切片的装置可利于提高3D打印的精度。

Description

制作切片的装置、3D打印设备和方法、以及3D打印模型
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求于2018年8月31日递交的中国专利申请第201811012543.X号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开至少一示例涉及一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置、3D打印设备和方法，以及3D打印模型。
背景技术
通常的3D打印技术存在精度低，效率低的问题。
关于精度，由于分层制造存在“台阶效应”，从微观上看每一层与相邻层之间会有台阶存在，如果需要打印出的对象表面是圆弧形，就会造成精度的偏差。
关于效率，目前3D打印单台设备只能同时打印一个模型，效率较低，在规模化生产上没有优势。
发明内容
本公开的至少一示例涉及一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置、3D打印设备和方法，以及3D打印模型。
本公开至少一示例提供一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置，包括：驱动器件，包括多个驱动单元，所述驱动单元被配置为形成电场，所述驱动器件被配置为驱动位于其表面的液态的3D打印材料在所述电场的控制下流动以形成待打印的图形；以及固化组件，与所述驱动器件相对设置，并被配置为提供使得所述待打印的图形固化为切片的光。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中，所述驱动单元包括彼此绝缘的第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置为被分别施加不同的电压以形成所述电场。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装 置中，所述驱动器件还包括衬底基板，所述第一电极和所述第二电极位于所述衬底基板上，所述驱动器件还包括覆盖所述第一电极和所述第二电极的保护层；所述保护层包括位于所述驱动器件的外围的凹槽，所述凹槽被配置为容纳从所述驱动器件上流出的不需要被打印的液体材料。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中，所述保护层包括第一通孔，所述第一通孔在平行于所述衬底基板的方向上贯穿所述保护层且位于所述凹槽外，所述第一通孔与所述凹槽连通。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中，在所述驱动器件的靠近所述固化组件的一侧设置有挡墙，在所述挡墙的靠近所述驱动器件的一侧设置第二通孔，所述第二通孔被配置为使得不需要被打印的液体材料流出所述挡墙围设的空间。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中，所述驱动器件还包括多条栅线和多条数据线，所述多条栅线和所述多条数据线彼此绝缘并交叉以限定所述多个驱动单元，所述驱动单元包括薄膜晶体管，所述薄膜晶体管与所述第二电极电连接。
本公开至少一示例还提供一种3D打印设备，包括上述任一制作3D打印模型的切片的装置。
例如，3D打印设备还包括：切片叠置组件，被配置为将多个切片叠置；以及切片组合组件，被配置为将叠置的多个切片组合成3D打印模型。
例如，3D打印设备还包括对位标记形成元件，所述对位标记形成元件被配置为在所述切片上形成对位标记。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的3D打印设备中，所述切片叠置组件包括机械臂、平台和对位元件，所述平台被配置为放置所述切片，所述机械臂被配置为将所述切片从所述驱动器件上移至所述平台上，所述对位元件被配置为使相邻切片彼此对位。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的3D打印设备中，所述切片组合组件包括光照单元和粘结剂涂覆单元等至少之一。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的3D打印设备中，所述光照单元被配置为提供照射到所述多个切片上以使得所述多个切片熔融的光。
本公开至少一示例还提供一种3D打印方法，包括：铺设一层液态的3D打印材料于驱动器件上；调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部 分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形；光固化所述待打印的图形以形成切片；重复上述步骤形成多个切片；叠置所述多个切片；以及组合叠置的所述多个切片以得到3D打印模型。
例如，3D打印方法还包括在所述切片的侧面形成至少两个对位标记的步骤，所述至少两个对位标记被配置为使得叠置的相邻两个切片在平行于所述切片的平面内的互相垂直的两个方向上彼此对位。
例如，3D打印方法还包括，在所述驱动器件上形成每个切片后且在形成下一个切片前，将所述切片从所述驱动器件上移走的步骤。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的3D打印方法中，调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：调整所述待打印的图形中空白位置处以及所述待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得全部的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
例如，在本公开的一个或多个示例提供的3D打印方法中，调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：调整所述待打印的图形中空白位置处以及所述待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得部分的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
例如，3D打印方法还包括将其余的不形成所述待打印的图形的3D打印材料与所述待打印的图形分离。
本公开至少一示例提供一种3D打印模型，采用上述任一方法形成。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开示例的技术方案，下面将对示例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些示例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置；
图1B为本公开一示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件上平铺一层液态的3D打印材料的俯视示意图；
图1C为本公开一示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中的驱动单元的俯视示意图；
图1D为本公开一示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件上的待打印的图形的俯视示意图；
图1E为本公开一示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的固化组件使得待打印的图形固化为切片的示意图；
图2A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图；
图2B为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图；
图2C为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的另一视角的示意图；
图2D为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件的俯视图；
图2E为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中形成电场的驱动单元的俯视图；
图2F为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中形成电场的驱动单元的俯视图；
图3A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图；
图3B为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图；
图3C为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的另一视角的示意图；
图3D为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的俯视示意图；
图3E为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的俯视示意图；
图4为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的驱动器件上同时形成多个待打印的图形的示意图；
图5为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备的示意图；
图6A为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备中的对位标记形成元件的示意图；
图6B为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备叠置相邻切片的示意图；以及
图7为采用本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印模型的立体示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开示例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开示例的附图，对本公开示例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的示例是本公开的一部分示例，而不是全部的示例。基于所描述的本公开的示例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他示例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
微流控目前应用在很多领域，特别是化学和医学领域，对各种化学实验有着无与伦比的优势。微流控可以控制液体的移动、分合、反应等操作。
基于介质上电润湿的微流控技术，是指在含有绝缘介质的芯片上，通过施加电压信号可以改变介质上液滴的接触角，使液滴发生不对称形变，从而产生内部力来达到液滴操控的技术。该技术由于具有实现简单、操控方便、可控性好、驱动能力高等优点，正受到越来越多的关注，被认为是微流控领域最有发展前景的技术。
本公开的示例中，主要利用了液体在电场的作用下，可进行移动和分合。
图1A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置。该装置包括：驱动器件10以及固化组件20。驱动器件10的表面可放置一层液态的3D打印材料01。固化组件20与驱动器件10相对设置。例如，液态的3D打印材料01包括树脂和光固化剂，还可以包括溶剂等。液态的3D打印材料 01不限于此。
图1B为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件上平铺一层液态的3D打印材料的俯视示意图。例如，液态的3D打印材料平铺在驱动器件上后，可利用平板将其压平。
图1C为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中的驱动单元的俯视示意图。如图1C所示，驱动器件10包括多个驱动单元11，多个驱动单元11被配置为形成电场，例如，多个驱动单元11中的每个被配置为形成电场。如图1C所示，多个驱动单元11呈阵列排布。多个驱动单元11的排布方式不限于图1C所示。通过调整相关驱动单元11的电场，可实现液体的移动和分合的操作。例如，通过相关驱动单元11的电场的调整，使得液体分离成多个液滴，或者使得多个液滴融合在一起。例如，驱动单元11的电场的调整包括该驱动单元11形成电场、不形成电场或形成的电场的大小的调整。多个驱动单元11配合可使得液态的3D打印材料流动。
图1D为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件上的待打印的图形的俯视示意图。如图1D所示，驱动器件10被配置为驱动位于其表面的液态的3D打印材料01在电场的控制下流动以形成待打印的图形010。待打印的图形010可包括由液态的3D打印材料01环绕的空白区域(空白位置处)0101。图1D示意性的描述待打印的图形010，待打印的图形010可根据需要设定，不限于图1D所示。空白区域(空白位置处)010中不设置液态的3D打印材料01。
例如，驱动单元11的制作可参照液晶显示领域中的像素单元中的控制液晶分子旋转的公共电极和像素电极的制作方式，可以做到十几微米，从而，驱动器件具有较高的精度，利于具有弧形表面的切片的制作。
本公开的示例中，可以通过电场控制液体的流动，进而得到期望的待打印的图形，因驱动单元11可具有较高的精度，从而可提升3D打印的精度。
图1E为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的固化组件使得待打印的图形固化为切片的示意图。如图1E所示，固化组件20被配置为提供使得待打印的图形010(如图1D所示)固化为切片02的光。如图1E所示，固化组件20包括基板201以及位于基板201的靠近驱动器件10的一侧的多个光源202。例如，基板201包括印刷电路板，但不限于此。例如，光源202可发出紫外光，但不限于此。例如，光源202发出的光的波 长可为365nm，但不限于此。光源202可向待打印的图形010提供能量以使其固化。
图2A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图。如图2A所示，驱动器件10包括衬底基板101以及位于衬底基板101上的多个驱动单元11。例如，驱动单元11包括彼此绝缘的第一电极102和第二电极104，第一电极102和第二电极104被配置为被分别施加不同的电压以形成电场。如图2A所示，多个第一电极102构成第一电极层12，第一电极层12的第一电极102为板状，即，不同的驱动单元11的第一电极102可彼此电连接，并被施加共同的信号。如图2A所示，第二电极层14包括彼此绝缘的多个第二电极104，多个第二电极104被配置为被分别施加信号。不同驱动单元11的第二电极104彼此绝缘以利于各驱动单元11的分别控制。如图2A所示，第一电极层12和第二电极层14之间可设置绝缘层103。
驱动单元11中的第一电极102和第二电极104产生的电场可作用于驱动器件10上的液态的3D打印材料，可使3D打印材料的位置发生改变，从而形成待打印的图形。
如图2A所示，一些示例中，驱动器件10还包括覆盖第一电极102和第二电极104的保护层105。例如，可通过调整各驱动单元11中的第二电极104的电压来改变液态的3D打印材料的位置以形成待打印的图形。例如，可向第二电极104输入参考电压，参考电压例如为固定电压。
图2B为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图。如图2B所示，一些示例中，保护层105包括位于驱动器件10的外围的凹槽1050，凹槽1050被配置为容纳从驱动器件10上流出的不需要被打印的液体材料以利材料的回收利用。例如，在1050的俯视图中，凹槽1050可为环形，例如包括圆形环或矩形环。凹槽1050位于第一电极102和第二电极104之外。例如，第一电极102和第二电极104在衬底基板101上的正投影落入凹槽1050所围绕的区域在衬底基板101上的正投影内。
图2C为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的另一视角的示意图。如图2C所示，例如，制作3D打印模型的切片的装置还可以包括第一通孔1051，以利材料回收。第一通孔1051在平行于衬底基板101的方向上贯穿保护层105，且位于凹槽1050外。即，保护层105包括在平行于衬底基板101的方向上贯穿保护层105的位于凹槽1050外的部分的第一通 孔1051。例如，第一通孔1051与凹槽1050连通。例如，平行于衬底基板101的方向包括水平方向，但不限于此。
图2D为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件的俯视图。如图2D所示，凹槽1050围绕驱动器件10的外围设置。如图2D所示，为了利于不需要被打印的液体材料流出，还可以在保护层105的位于凹槽1050外侧位置处设置在平行于衬底基板101的方向贯穿保护层105并与凹槽1050连通的第一通孔1051。平行于衬底基板101的方向包括水平方向，但不限于此。
例如，绝缘层的材质包括氧化硅、氮化硅或氮氧化硅至少之一。例如，保护层105采用绝缘材料制作。例如，保护层105的材质包括树脂。但绝缘层和保护层105的材质不限于上述列举的情形。
图2E为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中形成电场的驱动单元的俯视图。图2E中示出了多条栅线001、多条数据线002和多个薄膜晶体管(TFT)003，多条栅线001和多条数据线002彼此绝缘并交叉以限定多个驱动单元11。例如，如图2E所示，多条栅线001彼此平行。例如，多条数据线002彼此平行。例如，栅线001垂直于数据线002，但不限于此。每个驱动单元11中可设置TFT003，TFT003包括栅极，源极和漏极，栅极与栅线001电连接，源极与数据线002电连接，漏极与第二电极104电连接。第二电极104和位于其下方的与其相对设置的第一电极102形成电场。例如，可通过控制各个TFT003的启闭来控制各驱动单元是否形成电场。例如，可通过控制数据线002上的数据电压的大小来调整驱动单元11的电场的大小。
例如，利用驱动器件上方的液态的3D打印材料所在位置处的电场变化来驱动液态的3D打印材料流动。驱动器件上的液态的3D打印材料可在第一电极102和第二电极104之间的电场的作用下发生位置变化。或者，驱动器件上的液态的3D打印材料可在第一电极102和第二电极104之间的电场以及第二电极104产生的电场至少之一的作用下发生位置变化。
图2E中第一电极102和第二电极104为板状，但第一电极102和第二电极104的形状不限于图中所示。例如，第一电极102和第二电极104至少之一为狭缝电极，可形成多维电场。驱动器件上的液态的3D打印材料可在多维电场的作用下发生位置变化。例如，多维电场包括水平分量和垂直分量 的电场。
例如，液态的3D打印材料在垂直电场或电场的垂直分量的作用下接触角发生变化，产生不对称形变，产生内部力以使得液体/液滴发生移动、分合以形成待打印的图形，但不限于此。
图2F为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中的驱动器件中形成电场的驱动单元的俯视图。与图2E所示的结构相比，第二电极104为狭缝电极。
为了利用液晶显示器的工艺，驱动器件可直接采用液晶显示器。以下结合图3A-图3C进行进一步说明。
图3A为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图。驱动器件10为液晶显示器。如图3A所示，驱动器件10包括衬底基板101和与衬底基板101对置的对置基板121。衬底基板101的靠近对置基板121的一侧设置第一电极层12和第一配向层107。对置基板121的靠近衬底基板101的一侧设置第二电极层14和第二配向层122。衬底基板101和对置基板121之间设有液晶层123。衬底基板101和对置基板121通过封框胶124封装在一起。例如，衬底基板101和对置基板121可采用玻璃基板，但不限于此。
图3B为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的剖视图。如图3B所示，在驱动器件10的靠近固化组件20的一侧设置有挡墙130。挡墙130被配置为挡住向远离被打印图形的外侧流动的不需要被打印的液体材料。图3B中，第一电极102和第二电极104均设置在了衬底基板100上，第一电极102和第二电极104之间设置有绝缘层109。当然，图3B中也可以采用图3A所示的驱动器件的结构。
图3A和图3B中的驱动单元11的结构可参照图2E或图2F以及相关描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，在本公开一示例提供的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置中，可同时包括图2B所示的凹槽1050和图3B所示的挡墙130。
图3C为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的另一视角的示意图。如图3C所示，在挡墙130的靠近驱动器件10的一侧设置第二通孔1301，第二通孔1301被配置为使得不需要被打印的液体材料流出挡墙130围设的空间。例如，挡墙130围绕驱动器件10的外围设置。
图3D为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的俯视示意图。挡墙130中设置多个第二通孔1301。驱动器件10可为多边形，相应的，挡墙130为环绕多边形的多边形环。多个第二通孔1301中的每个分设在挡墙130的边或角处。如图3D所示，挡墙130为矩形环，多个第二通孔1301中的每个分设在挡墙130的边上。
例如，另一些示例中，驱动器件为圆形，多个第二通孔均匀分布在圆环形的挡墙130内。
图3E为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的俯视示意图。例如，如图3E所示，凹槽1050位于挡墙130之外。通过挡墙130的第二通孔1301流出的不需要被打印的材料进入凹槽1050，再通过第一通孔1051流出。凹槽1050位于挡墙130之外是指，凹槽1050比挡墙130更靠近驱动器件10的边缘。或者，凹槽1050位于挡墙130之外是指，挡墙130比凹槽1050更靠近驱动器件10的中心。
例如，驱动器件10可采用如图3A或如图3B所示的液晶显示面板，也可以在驱动器件10中不设置液晶层，例如，可采用图2A或图2B所示的结构，本公开的示例对此不作限定，只要能形成可驱动液态的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形的电场即可。图3A中，也可不同驱动单元中的第一电极102彼此绝缘，TFT与第一电极电连接。不同驱动单元的第二电极104被施加相同的电信号。
图4为本公开一示例提供的一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置的驱动器件上同时形成多个待打印的图形的示意图。例如，一些示例中，在驱动器件可同时形成待打印的多个图形，以便于进行规模化生产，提升3D打印的效率。图4中以形成相同图形的切片为例进行说明。因各个驱动单元可单独控制，也可形成不同图形的切片，本公开的示例对此不做限定。
本公开至少一示例还提供一种3D打印设备，包括上述任一制作3D打印模型的切片的装置。
图5为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备的示意图。例如，如图5所示，3D打印设备还包括：切片叠置组件30和切片组合组件40。切片叠置组件30被配置为将多个切片02叠置。切片组合组件40被配置为将叠置的多个切片02组合成3D打印模型03。
例如，如图5所示，切片叠置组件30包括平台301、对位元件302和机 械臂303。平台301被配置为放置切片02，机械臂303被配置为将切片02从驱动器件10上移至平台301上，对位元件302被配置为使相邻切片02彼此对位。例如，对位元件302包括相机，但不限于此。
例如，切片组合组件40被配置为将叠置的多个切片02熔融并固化以形成3D打印模型03。当然，也可以采用其他方式使多个切片02组合成3D打印模型03。例如，切片组合的方式可采用光照或粘结至少之一的方式。例如，切片组合组件40包括光照单元、粘结剂涂覆单元等至少之一。例如，光照单元被配置为提供照射到多个切片02上以使得多个切片02熔融的光。多个切片02熔融后可通过冷却的方式固化成3D打印模型03。例如，冷却的方式包括空冷，但不限于此。
图6A为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备中的对位标记形成元件的示意图。如图6A所示，3D打印设备还包括对位标记形成元件50。例如，对位标记形成元件50被配置为在切片02上形成对位标记。例如，对位标记形成元件50被配置为在切片02上形成位于不同方位的至少两个对位标记。例如，对位标记形成元件50包括两个对位标记形成元件：第一对位标记形成元件501和第二对位标记形成元件502以在切片02上分别形成两个对位标记：第一对位标记031和第二对位标记032。当然，也可以采用同一个对位标记形成元件来依次形成第一对位标记031和第二对位标记032。例如，可在切片02的侧面形成位于不同方位的至少两个对位标记。例如，不同方位可相对于切片02的中心而言，例如，第一对位标记031和第二对位标记032可分别位于切片02的侧面，如图6A所示，第一对位标记031和第二对位标记032可分别位于右侧位置和下侧位置处。
例如，本公开的实施例中，对位标记可采用激光形成，例如，可采用激光喷涂方式形成对位标记，但不限于此。对位标记可为十字型，但不限于此。
例如，本公开的实施例中，对位标记形成元件50包括激光发射器，激光发射器发射的激光照射到切片02上形成一聚焦点，可使得该聚焦点处的材料发生碳化，进而形成对位标记。本公开的实施例以对位标记形成元件50为激光发射器为例进行说明，但并不限于此，也可以采用其他方式形成对位标记。例如，在其他的实施例中，也可以形成其他形状的对位标记，本公开的实施例对于对位标记的形状不作限定。例如，在多个切片形成一体的部件后，可将含有对位标记的部分切除，以形成最终产品，但不限于此，也可将对位标 记设置在设定位置，以便可以保留。
图6B为本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印设备叠置相邻切片的示意图。例如，第一切片021和第二切片022相邻。第一切片021上设有第一对位标记041和第二对位标记042。第二切片022上设有第三对位标记051和第四对位标记052。在平台301上放置第一切片021，在放置第二切片022时，使得第一对位标记041和第三对位标记051上下对齐，第二对位标记042和第四对位标记052上下对齐。上下对齐例如是指两个对位标记的连线垂直于平台301的上表面。从而，可使得相邻两个切片在平行于切片02的平面内的互相垂直的两个方向上彼此对位。例如，使得相邻两个切片在平行于平台301的平面内的互相垂直的两个方向上定位。两个方向例如分别为第一方向X和第二方向Y。依照此方法，可依次对位相邻两个切片，从而使得多个切片得以定位。例如，切片02具有彼此平行的两个表面。例如，平行于平台301的平面为平行于平台301的上表面的平面。
当然，还可以在切片上设置两个以上的对位标记。或者，可以采用其他对位方式进行对位。例如，可在平台上放置每个切片时，定位每个切片在平台上的位置，以实现切片定位与层叠。
本公开至少一示例还提供一种3D打印方法，包括：在驱动器件上平铺一层液态的3D打印材料；调整驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形；利用光进行照射，使得待打印的图形固化形成切片；重复上述步骤形成多个切片；将多个切片叠置；以及将叠置的多个切片组合在一起，得到3D打印模型。
本公开至少一示例还提供一种3D打印方法，包括：铺设一层液态的3D打印材料于驱动器件上；调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形；光固化所述待打印的图形以形成切片；重复上述步骤形成多个切片；叠置所述多个切片；以及组合叠置的所述多个切片以得到3D打印模型。
例如，3D打印方法还包括在每个切片的侧面形成至少两个对位标记的步骤，每个切片上的至少两个对位标记被配置为使得叠置的相邻两个切片在同一平面的互相垂直的两个方向上定位。
例如，3D打印方法还包括，在驱动器件上形成每个切片后且在形成下一 个切片前，将切片从驱动器件上移走的步骤。
例如，调整驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：调整待打印的图形中空白区域(空白位置处)以及待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得全部的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
例如，待打印的图形中空白位置处以及待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元形成电场，待打印的图形对应位置处不形成电场，从而，形成电场位置处为不设置3D打印材料的空白区域，从而形成待打印的图形。
例如，调整驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：调整待打印的图形中空白位置处以及待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得部分的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
例如，其余的不形成待打印的图形的3D打印材料与待打印的图形分离，以利于回收利用。
本公开的示例中，3D打印设备和3D打印方法可互相参见，相同或相似之处不再赘述。
本公开至少一示例提供一种3D打印模型，采用上述任一方法形成。
图7为采用本公开一示例提供的一种3D打印模型的立体示意图，3D打印模型可采用上述任一3D打印设备和上述任一3D打印方法形成。
需要说明的是，为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的示例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大。可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
在不冲突的情况下，本公开的同一示例及不同示例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种制作3D打印模型的切片的装置，包括：
    驱动器件，包括多个驱动单元，所述驱动单元被配置为形成电场，所述驱动器件被配置为驱动位于其表面的液态的3D打印材料在所述电场的控制下流动以形成待打印的图形；以及
    固化组件，与所述驱动器件相对设置，并被配置为提供使得所述待打印的图形固化为切片的光。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述驱动单元包括彼此绝缘的第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置为被分别施加不同的电压以形成所述电场。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其中，所述驱动器件还包括衬底基板，所述第一电极和所述第二电极位于所述衬底基板上，所述驱动器件还包括覆盖所述第一电极和所述第二电极的保护层；所述保护层包括位于所述驱动器件的外围的凹槽，所述凹槽被配置为容纳从所述驱动器件上流出的不需要被打印的液体材料。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述保护层包括第一通孔，所述第一通孔在平行于所述衬底基板的方向上贯穿所述保护层且位于所述凹槽外，所述第一通孔与所述凹槽连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的装置，其中，在所述驱动器件的靠近所述固化组件的一侧设置有挡墙，在所述挡墙的靠近所述驱动器件的一侧设置第二通孔，所述第二通孔被配置为使得不需要被打印的液体材料流出所述挡墙围设的空间。
  6. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的装置，其中，所述驱动器件还包括多条栅线和多条数据线，所述多条栅线和所述多条数据线彼此绝缘并交叉以限定所述多个驱动单元，所述驱动单元包括薄膜晶体管，所述薄膜晶体管与所述第二电极电连接。
  7. 一种3D打印设备，包括利要求1-6任一项所述的制作3D打印模型的切片的装置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的3D打印设备，还包括：
    切片叠置组件，被配置为将多个切片叠置；以及
    切片组合组件，被配置为将叠置的多个切片组合成3D打印模型。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的设备，还包括对位标记形成元件，其中，所述对位标记形成元件被配置为在所述切片上形成对位标记。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的设备，其中，所述切片叠置组件包括机械臂、平台和对位元件，所述平台被配置为放置所述切片，所述机械臂被配置为将所述切片从所述驱动器件上移至所述平台上，所述对位元件被配置为使相邻切片彼此对位。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的设备，其中，所述切片组合组件包括光照单元和粘结剂涂覆单元等至少之一。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的设备，其中，所述光照单元被配置为提供照射到所述多个切片上以使得所述多个切片熔融的光。
  13. 一种3D打印方法，包括：
    铺设一层液态的3D打印材料于驱动器件上；
    调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形；
    光固化所述待打印的图形以形成切片；
    重复上述步骤形成多个切片；
    叠置所述多个切片；以及
    组合叠置的所述多个切片以得到3D打印模型。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的3D打印方法，还包括在所述切片的侧面形成至少两个对位标记的步骤，所述至少两个对位标记被配置为使得叠置的相邻两个切片在平行于所述切片的平面内的互相垂直的两个方向上彼此对位。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的3D打印方法，还包括，在所述驱动器件上形成每个切片后且在形成下一个切片前，将所述切片从所述驱动器件上移走。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的3D打印方法，其中，调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：调整所述待打印的图形中空白位置处以及所述待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得全部的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
  17. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的3D打印方法，其中，调整所述驱动器件中的多个驱动单元中的至少一部分驱动单元的电场，使得至少部分 的3D打印材料流动以形成待打印的图形包括：
    调整所述待打印的图形中空白位置处以及所述待打印的图形外围对应的驱动单元的电场来使得至少部分的3D打印材料流动以使得部分的3D打印材料形成待打印的图形。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的3D打印方法，还包括将其余的不形成所述待打印的图形的3D打印材料与所述待打印的图形分离。
  19. 一种3D打印模型，采用权利要求13-18任一项所述的方法形成。
PCT/CN2019/101377 2018-08-31 2019-08-19 制作切片的装置、3d打印设备和方法、以及3d打印模型 WO2020042953A1 (zh)

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