WO2015022887A1 - 表示装置 - Google Patents
表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015022887A1 WO2015022887A1 PCT/JP2014/070670 JP2014070670W WO2015022887A1 WO 2015022887 A1 WO2015022887 A1 WO 2015022887A1 JP 2014070670 W JP2014070670 W JP 2014070670W WO 2015022887 A1 WO2015022887 A1 WO 2015022887A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- light
- opening
- display
- display device
- guide plate
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
- G02F1/13318—Circuits comprising a photodetector
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
- G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
- G02B26/04—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light by periodically varying the intensity of light, e.g. using choppers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
- G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
- G02B6/0088—Positioning aspects of the light guide or other optical sheets in the package
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133388—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods with constructional differences between the display region and the peripheral region
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
- G03B11/04—Hoods or caps for eliminating unwanted light from lenses, viewfinders or focusing aids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
- G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
- G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display device having a non-display area such as a window in the display area.
- Display devices that employ optical shutter devices such as liquid crystal panels and MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) are equipped with backlights, and side-incident type (edge-type) backlights are favored due to recent demands for thinning. And what applied such a display apparatus and formed the transparent window part (non-display area
- Patent Document 1 shows how to route a gate signal line and a drain signal line for forming a non-display region.
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose a backlight.
- an edge type backlight when used, there is a problem that luminance unevenness occurs around a non-display area. That is, the periphery of the light source side of the non-display area is bright, and the periphery of the non-display area opposite to the light source is dark.
- a direct type backlight when used, there is a problem that the display device becomes thick.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a display device using an edge-type backlight, in which luminance unevenness around a non-display area is reduced.
- a display device includes an optical shutter device, a surface facing the optical shutter device as a light emitting surface, and one side surface other than the light emitting surface and the surface facing the light emitting surface.
- a light guide plate serving as a light incident surface; a light source facing the light incident surface; and an opening penetrating the light guide plate from the light exit surface to a surface facing the light exit surface.
- the length from the center of the opening to the center of the opening is 1 ⁇ 2 or more of the length from the light incident surface to the side surface facing the light incident surface.
- the present invention in a display device using an edge-type backlight, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness around the non-display area by providing the opening serving as the non-display area as far as possible from the light source.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows the image of the luminance distribution of the display part in the display apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the luminance distribution of the display part in the display apparatus of a comparative example. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the density of a light extraction pattern between point c and point d in FIG. It is the graph which took R with respect to X1 / L of Table 1.
- FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the backlight and backlight chassis of 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view at the time of arrange
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a cross section taken along line BB in FIG. 19. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a permeation
- a liquid crystal display device will be described as an example of a display device.
- the display device of the present invention is not limited to a liquid crystal display device, and can be similarly applied to a display device employing other optical shutter devices such as MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems).
- MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
- Members common to the embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of the display device according to the first embodiment.
- the display device 10 is a smartphone and includes a display unit 11 and a housing 12 that surrounds the display unit 11. And the non-display area
- the number of non-display areas 13 is not limited, and two or more non-display areas 13 may be formed.
- FIG. 2 is a top view showing a main configuration of the display unit 11, and FIG. 3 is an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- the display unit 11 includes a liquid crystal panel 20 that is a shutter device and an edge-type backlight 30.
- the liquid crystal panel 20 sandwiches the liquid crystal layer 23, the upper polarizing plate 21, the upper substrate 22 on the upper side that sandwiches the liquid crystal layer 23, the sealing member 24 that seals the liquid crystal layer 23 and the liquid crystal layer 23, in that order from the display surface side.
- a lower substrate 25 on the lower side and a lower polarizing plate 26 are laminated.
- the liquid crystal element (liquid crystal layer 23) is injected between the two transparent substrates (the upper substrate 22 and the lower substrate 25), and the liquid crystal element is driven and illuminated by the backlight 30. Is displayed.
- the liquid crystal panel 20 includes a hole 27 located in the non-display area 13.
- the hole 27 penetrates the liquid crystal panel 20 up and down and faces an opening 34 of a light guide plate 31 described later.
- the hole 27 is circular in the top view shown in FIG. 2, but this shape is not limited, and any shape such as an ellipse, a rectangle, a square, another polygon, or another curved shape can be adopted. .
- the backlight 30 includes a light guide plate 31, a light source unit 32, and a reflection sheet 33.
- Various optical sheets may be appropriately provided on the light guide plate 31 (between the light guide plate 31 and the lower polarizing plate 26).
- the optical sheet is a generic term for a prism sheet, a diffusion sheet, and the like, and is a combination of one or a plurality of these sheets. For example, two prism sheets and a diffusion sheet can be used from above.
- the light guide plate 31 is a member that converts light incident from the light incident surface into a surface light source and derives it from the light emitting surface.
- the light guide plate 31 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, and has a light emitting surface facing the liquid crystal panel 20, a surface facing the light emitting surface, and four side surfaces connecting the two surfaces.
- One of the four side surfaces (the surface on the short side in FIG. 2) is a light incident surface facing the light source unit 32.
- a resin such as acrylic or PC (polycarbonate) from the viewpoint of reduction in thickness and weight.
- the light source unit 32 is disposed to face the light incident surface of the light guide plate 31. Such an arrangement of the light source unit 32 is called an edge type and can be made thinner than the direct type.
- the light source unit 32 includes an LED (Light Emitting Diode) that is a point light source and an LED substrate on which the LED is mounted.
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- a plurality of LEDs are arranged along the one side surface of the light guide plate 31 at a predetermined interval on the LED substrate.
- a metal substrate such as Al is used as the LED substrate in consideration of heat dissipation and strength, or a flexible printed substrate based on a polyimide film is used with emphasis on weight reduction.
- the reflection sheet 33 is disposed on the side of the light guide plate 31 that faces the light exit surface.
- the reflection sheet 33 reflects the light that reaches the surface facing the light emitting surface in the light guide plate 31, and the light emission efficiency of the light guide plate 31 is improved.
- the backlight 30 includes an opening 34 located in the non-display area 13. That is, the opening 34 faces (overlaps) the hole 27.
- the opening 34 penetrates the light guide plate 31 and the reflection sheet 33 vertically. That is, the light guide plate 31 penetrates from the light emitting surface to the surface facing the light emitting surface.
- the opening 34 is circular in the top view shown in FIG. 2, but this shape is not limited, and any shape such as an ellipse, a rectangle, a square, another polygon, or another curved shape can be adopted.
- the same shape as the hole 27 is preferable.
- the non-display area 13 penetrating the liquid crystal panel 20 and the backlight 30 is formed by the communication between the opening 34 and the hole 27, so that the transparency of the non-display area 13 becomes the best. .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image of the luminance distribution of the display unit 11 in the display device 10 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an image of the luminance distribution of the display unit in the display device of the comparative example. 4 and 5, black circles indicate non-display areas, and the brightness distribution indicates higher brightness as white and lower brightness as black.
- the luminance in the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the non-display region 13 is slightly higher than the luminance in the surrounding portion, and the luminance in the vicinity of the side surface facing the light incident surface of the non-display region 13 is higher. There is almost no luminance unevenness except that it is slightly lower than the luminance in the surrounding area. This is presumably because the light quantity around the non-display area 13 is within the range of the light quantity adjustment capability of the light guide plate 31.
- the display device of the comparative example shown in FIG. 5 has two non-display areas 130, and the non-display areas 130 are provided near the light source unit 32 (X ⁇ L / 2).
- the luminance around the light incident surface side of the non-display region 130 is much higher than the luminance around the surrounding portion, and the luminance around the side surface facing the light incident surface of the non-display region 130 is around.
- the luminance is much lower than the luminance at the portion, and the luminance unevenness is very large as a whole display portion. This is probably because the amount of light around the non-display area 130 is large and exceeds the light amount adjustment capability of the light guide plate.
- the length from the light source unit to the non-display area is the length from the light source unit to the non-display area, and therefore the length from the light incident surface of the light guide plate 31 to the non-display area 13 as in the display device 10 of the present embodiment. If the length X is long, specifically, if X ⁇ L / 2, it can be said that luminance unevenness hardly occurs.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of the display unit in the display device of the second embodiment.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that there is no hole 27, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the non-display area 13 has transparency as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 3rd Embodiment is shown.
- the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the hole 27 is formed only in the lower polarizing plate, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the hole 27 is formed by penetrating the portion facing the opening 34 of the lower polarizing plate 26.
- the portion facing the opening 34 of the liquid crystal panel 20 has a normally white structure in order to obtain transparency or a structure that becomes transparent when a voltage is applied. Even with such a configuration, the non-display area 13 has transparency as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the third embodiment can provide the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 4th Embodiment is shown.
- the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the hole 27 is formed other than the upper polarizing plate 21 of the liquid crystal panel 20, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the hole 27 is formed by penetrating a portion facing the opening 34 other than the upper polarizing plate 21 of the liquid crystal panel 20. Even with such a configuration, the non-display area 13 has transparency as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the third embodiment can provide the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
- the display device of the fifth embodiment has a light extraction pattern that enhances light extraction efficiency on the light exit surface of the light guide plate or on the surface facing the light exit surface. And the density of the light extraction pattern in the vicinity of the side surface facing the light incident surface of the opening 34 is higher than the density in the surrounding portion.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the light extraction pattern is, for example, a plurality of dots, and diffuses by mainly reflecting the light in the light guide plate to increase the light extraction efficiency.
- the dots can have a circular shape or the like, and are formed, for example, by printing a white paint containing a small amount of scattering material or the like with an inkjet or the like.
- FIG. 9 is a top view showing the main configuration of the display unit of the display device according to the fifth embodiment.
- the vicinity of the side facing the light incident surface of the opening 34 (non-display region 13) of the light guide plate 31 is a region 31 a surrounded by a broken line.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the density of the light extraction pattern between point a and point b in FIG. It shows that the density of the light extraction pattern in the region 31a is higher than the surrounding portion.
- FIG. 11 shows the luminance measurement results.
- the luminance in the vicinity of the side surface (region 31a) facing the light incident surface of the opening 34 is about 2/3 of the luminance of the same region of the sample of REF. It turned out to have dropped.
- the luminance uniformity required for a general light guide plate is 80% or more. Therefore, when the density of the light extraction pattern is designed so that the luminance of the region 31a is 80% or more of the luminance of the surrounding portion, the following equation is obtained.
- D A ⁇ D A0 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ (2/3) 1.2D A0
- D A density of light extraction pattern in region 31a
- D A0 density of light extraction pattern at a position where the distance from the light incident surface around region 31a is equal to region 31a
- the density DA of the light extraction pattern in the region 31a may be 1.2 times or more the density D A0 of the surrounding light extraction pattern.
- the display device of the sixth embodiment has a light extraction pattern that increases the light extraction efficiency on the light exit surface of the light guide plate or on the surface facing the light exit surface.
- the density of the light extraction pattern in the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the opening 34 is lower than the density in the surrounding portion.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the shape, material, and manufacturing method of the light extraction pattern are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a top view showing the main configuration of the display unit of the display device according to the sixth embodiment.
- the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the opening 34 (non-display area 13) of the light guide plate 31 is an area 31 b surrounded by a broken line.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the density of the light extraction pattern between point c and point d in FIG. It shows that the density of the light extraction pattern in the region 31b is lower than the surrounding portion.
- the density of the light extraction pattern in the region 31b can be determined as follows, for example. First, the luminance results (see FIG. 11) measured in the fifth embodiment are reorganized as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows characteristic values for the three samples. W represents the diameter of the opening 34, X1 represents the length from the light incident surface of the light guide plate 31 to the end of the opening 34, as shown in FIG. 12, and R represents the light incident surface side of the opening 34. It shows what percentage of the luminance of the vicinity (region 31b) of the luminance of the same region of the sample of REF.
- the density of the light extraction pattern may be determined so as to satisfy the above formula according to the position of the opening 34.
- the light extraction efficiency in the region 31b is lower than the surroundings, and the luminance unevenness in the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the opening 34 can be reduced to a level that does not cause a problem in actual use.
- the display device includes an insertion member that is inserted into the opening 34.
- the insertion member may be, for example, a protruding portion that protrudes from a frame (backlight chassis, external housing, or the like) on which the light guide plate 31 is mounted, or may be an electronic device such as a proximity sensor or a camera, Both the protrusion and the electronic device may be used.
- a backlight chassis and a camera will be described as an example.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of the display unit in the display device of the seventh embodiment.
- a backlight chassis 35 and a camera 36 are added to the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the backlight 30 and the backlight chassis 35.
- the backlight chassis 35 is formed with a protruding portion 35 a that protrudes toward the opening 34 at a position facing the opening 34 of the light guide plate 31.
- the protruding portion 35a is, for example, two opposing plate-like members.
- the backlight chassis 35 is a member serving as a base for mounting (accommodating) each member of the backlight 30.
- SUS stainless steel plate
- Al aluminum
- the protrusion part 35a is inserted in the opening part 34, and the backlight 30 is positioned and fixed by the protrusion part 35a.
- a camera 36 is also inserted into the opening 34. Specifically, the camera 36 is inserted into the protrusion 35 a and the opening 34.
- the opening 34 of the light guide plate 31 is filled with the structure of the backlight chassis 35 and the camera 36, it is possible to prevent light in the light guide plate 31 from leaking from the opening 34.
- FIG. 17 shows a top view when the camera 36 and the proximity sensor 37 are arranged in the non-display area 13 of the display device of the present embodiment
- FIG. 18 shows a top view of the conventional display device. Comparing the display device of this embodiment with a conventional display device of the same size, the display device of this embodiment has the camera 36 and the proximity sensor 37 disposed in the display unit 11. Can be bigger.
- the display unit 11 is not limited to this form and has the same size as the conventional one, the frame can be narrowed by the installation space of the camera 36 and the proximity sensor 37, and the display device can be downsized.
- the insertion member may be inserted into the opening portion 34 and the hole portion 27. Thereby, the liquid crystal panel 20 is positioned and fixed, and light leakage from the end face of the hole 27 can be prevented.
- the display device of the eighth embodiment includes a light shielding layer. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of the display device according to the eighth embodiment, and
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a cross section taken along line BB of FIG.
- the light shielding layer 40 is formed by sticking a light shielding tape or the like directly on the light emitting surface of the opening 34 of the light guide plate 31. As shown in FIG.
- the light shielding layer 40 has a shape along the opening shape of the opening portion 34, and has a donut shape in FIGS. 19 and 20. Further, from the viewpoint of effectively shielding light in an oblique direction, it is preferable that the inner shape of the light shielding layer 40 is smaller than the opening 34 and the outer shape of the light shielding layer 40 is larger than the opening 40.
- the luminance unevenness can be hidden by shielding the periphery of the non-display area 13 where the luminance unevenness easily occurs, and the luminance uniformity of the display unit 11 can be improved. Further, since the light shielding layer 40 shields the leaked light from the opening 34, the display quality can be improved with respect to viewing the display unit 11 from an oblique direction.
- FIG. 21 sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 9th Embodiment is shown.
- the ninth embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in the arrangement of the light shielding layer 40, and the other configurations are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.
- the light shielding layer 40 is formed by patterning the inside of the liquid crystal panel 20, specifically, the surface of the upper substrate 22 on the liquid crystal layer 23 side using a black matrix.
- the light shielding layer 40 is indirectly provided on the light emitting surface side of the opening 34, the periphery of the non-display area 13 can be shielded. Therefore, also in 9th Embodiment, the effect similar to 8th Embodiment is acquired.
- FIG. 22 sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the display part in the display apparatus of 10th Embodiment is shown.
- the tenth embodiment differs from the eighth embodiment in the arrangement of the light shielding layer 40, and the other configuration is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.
- the light shielding layer 40 is formed by printing on the lower surface of the protective plate 41 provided on the upper surface side of the liquid crystal panel 20.
- the light shielding layer 40 is indirectly provided on the light emitting surface side of the opening 34, the periphery of the non-display area 13 can be shielded. Accordingly, the same effects as those of the eighth embodiment can be obtained in the tenth embodiment.
- the same effect can be obtained even if it is provided between layers other than the ninth and tenth embodiments.
- a light shielding layer is provided, and an electronic device is provided in the opening 34.
- an example in which the light shielding layer 40 is provided between similar layers in the display device of the ninth embodiment (see FIG. 21) will be described.
- FIG. 23 is a transmission top view in the vicinity of the light shielding layer of this embodiment
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the light shielding layer 40 has a square outer shape and a circular inner shape, and a camera 36 is disposed in the opening 34 of the light guide plate 31.
- the outer shape of the light shielding layer 40 is larger than the opening 34.
- the inner shape is smaller than the opening 34 and further smaller than the outer shape of the camera 36, and is the same size as the lens 36a of the camera 36.
- FIG. 25 is a transmission top view in the vicinity of the light shielding layer of another example of this embodiment
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the light shielding layer 40 has a rectangular outer shape and two inner shapes, and a proximity sensor 37 is disposed in the opening 34 of the light guide plate 31.
- the outer shape of the light shielding layer 40 is larger than the opening 34.
- each inner shape is smaller than the opening 34 and further smaller than the outer shape of the proximity sensor 37, and has the same size as the light emitting portion 37a and the light receiving portion 37b of the proximity sensor 37.
- the light emitted from the light emitting portion 37a is reflected by the user's finger through the opening of the light shielding layer 40, and passes through the opening of the light shielding layer 40 to the light receiving portion 37b. Incident. Unnecessary external light is shielded by the light shielding layer 40. Therefore, since the light shielding layer 40 removes light that becomes noise by the proximity sensor 37 and efficiently transmits only the light to be detected, the performance of the proximity sensor 37 can be maximized.
- a display device 10 includes an optical shutter device, a surface facing the optical shutter device as a light exit surface, and a light exit surface other than the light exit surface and a surface facing the light exit surface.
- a light guide plate 31 as a surface, a light source (light source unit 32) facing the light incident surface, and an opening 34 penetrating the light guide plate 31 from the light emitting surface to a surface facing the light emitting surface.
- the length X from the light incident surface to the center of the opening 34 is 1 ⁇ 2 or more of the length L from the light incident surface to the side surface facing the light incident surface.
- the luminance unevenness around the non-display area 13 is reduced. Can be reduced.
- the optical shutter device may have a hole 27 facing the opening 34.
- the light exit surface or a surface facing the light exit surface has a light extraction pattern that increases light extraction efficiency
- the opening 34 has a side surface facing the light incident surface.
- the density of the light extraction pattern in the vicinity may be higher than the density in the surrounding portion.
- the light extraction efficiency in the vicinity of the side surface facing the light incident surface of the opening 34 can be improved, and unevenness in luminance can be reduced to the extent that there is no problem in actual use.
- the light extraction surface that increases the light extraction efficiency is provided on the light emission surface or the surface facing the light emission surface, and the light extraction in the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the opening is provided.
- the density of the pattern may be lower than the density in the surrounding portion.
- the light extraction efficiency in the vicinity of the light incident surface side of the opening 34 is reduced from the surroundings, and luminance unevenness can be reduced to such a level that there is no problem in actual use.
- the display device 10 may be configured to include an insertion member that is inserted into the opening 34.
- the display device 10 may include a frame on which the light guide plate 31 is mounted, and the insertion member may be at least a protruding portion 35a protruding from the frame.
- the light guide plate 31 is positioned and fixed by the protrusion 35a by inserting the protrusion 35a into the opening 34 during assembly.
- the insertion member may be at least the proximity sensor 37 or the camera 36.
- the proximity sensor 37 or the camera 36 can be disposed in the display unit 11, and the display unit 11 can be made larger than the case where it is disposed outside the display unit 11. Further, when the display unit 11 has the same size as the conventional one, the frame can be narrowed by the installation space of the proximity sensor 37 or the camera 36, and the display device can be downsized.
- the light shielding layer 40 along the opening shape of the opening 34 may be provided directly or indirectly on the light emitting surface side of the opening 34.
- the display quality can be improved with respect to viewing the display unit 11 from an oblique direction.
- the inner shape of the light shielding layer 40 may be smaller than the opening 34, and the outer shape of the light shielding layer 40 may be larger than the opening 34.
- the present invention can be applied to a display device using an edge-type backlight that employs an optical shutter device such as a liquid crystal panel or MEMS, and can be used, for example, for a smartphone with a narrow frame.
- an optical shutter device such as a liquid crystal panel or MEMS
- Display device Liquid crystal panel (Optical shutter device) 27 hole portion 31 light guide plate 31a region (near the side of the opening facing the light incident surface) 31b region (near the light incident surface side of the opening) 32 Light source unit (light source) 34 Opening 35 Backlight chassis (frame) 35a Projection part 36 Camera 37 Proximity sensor 40 Light-shielding layer
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態の表示装置の上面図である。この表示装置10はスマートフォンであり、表示部11と、表示部11を囲む筐体12とを備えている。そして、表示部11の一部に映像が表示されない非表示領域13が形成されている。なお、非表示領域13の数に限定はなく、2つ以上形成してもよい。
図6に、第2実施形態の表示装置における表示部の要部構成を示す断面図を示す。第2実施形態は穴部27がない点で第1実施形態と異なり、その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。
図7に、第3実施形態の表示装置における表示部の要部構成を示す断面図を示す。第3実施形態は穴部27が下偏光板のみに形成されている点で第1実施形態と異なり、その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。
図8に、第4実施形態の表示装置における表示部の要部構成を示す断面図を示す。第4実施形態は穴部27が液晶パネル20の上偏光板21以外に形成されている点で第1実施形態と異なり、その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。
第5実施形態の表示装置は、導光板の光出射面又は光出射面に対向する面に光の取り出し効率を高める光取り出しパターンを有する。そして、開口部34の光入射面に対向する側面側の近傍における光取り出しパターンの密度が、周囲の部分における密度より高くなっている。その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。
DA≧DA0×0.8÷(2/3)=1.2DA0
DA:領域31aにおける光取り出しパターンの密度
DA0:領域31a周囲の光入射面からの距離が領域31aと等しい位置における光取り出しパターンの密度
第6実施形態の表示装置は、導光板の光出射面又は光出射面に対向する面に光の取り出し効率を高める光取り出しパターンを有する。そして、開口部34の光入射面側の近傍における光取り出しパターンの密度が、周囲の部分における密度より低くなっている。その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。光取り出しパターンの形状、材料及び作製方法は第5実施形態と同様である。
DB≧DB0×0.8÷R=0.8DB0L/(3.11L-2.25X1)
DB:領域31bにおける光取り出しパターンの密度
DB0:領域31b周囲の光入射面からの距離が領域31bと等しい位置における光取り出しパターンの密度
第7実施形態の表示装置は、開口部34に挿入される挿入部材を備えている。挿入部材は、例えば、導光板31を搭載するフレーム(バックライトシャーシや外部筐体等)から突出する突出部であってもよいし、近接センサ又はカメラ等の電子デバイスであってもよいし、突出部と電子デバイスの両方であってもよい。以下では、バックライトシャーシとカメラを例に説明する。
第8実施形態の表示装置は遮光層を備えている。その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。図19は、第8実施形態の表示装置の上面図であり、図20は、図19のB-B線断面の要部構成を示す図である。
図21に、第9実施形態の表示装置における表示部の要部構成を示す断面図を示す。第9実施形態は遮光層40の配置が第8実施形態と異なり、その他の構成は第8実施形態と同様である。
図22に、第10実施形態の表示装置における表示部の要部構成を示す断面図を示す。第10実施形態は遮光層40の配置が第8実施形態と異なり、その他の構成は第8実施形態と同様である。
第11実施形態の表示装置は、遮光層を設け、開口部34に電子デバイスを設けている。以下では第9実施形態の表示装置(図21参照)を同様の層間に遮光層40を設けた例について説明する。
20 液晶パネル(光シャッターデバイス)
27 穴部
31 導光板
31a 領域(開口部の光入射面に対向する側面側の近傍)
31b 領域(開口部の光入射面側の近傍)
32 光源ユニット(光源)
34 開口部
35 バックライトシャーシ(フレーム)
35a 突出部
36 カメラ
37 近接センサ
40 遮光層
Claims (5)
- 光シャッターデバイスと、
該光シャッターデバイスに対向する面を光出射面、該光出射面及び該光出射面に対向する面以外の一側面を光入射面とする導光板と、
前記光入射面に対向する光源と、
前記光出射面から前記光出射面に対向する面へ前記導光板を貫通する開口部と、を備え、
前記光入射面から前記開口部の中央までの長さが、前記光入射面から前記光入射面に対向する側面までの長さの1/2以上であることを特徴とする表示装置。 - 前記光シャッターデバイスは、前記開口部に対向する穴部を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。
- 前記光出射面又は前記光出射面に対向する面に光の取り出し効率を高める光取り出しパターンを有し、
前記開口部の前記光入射面に対向する側面側の近傍における前記光取り出しパターンの密度が、周囲の部分における密度より高いことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の表示装置。 - 前記光出射面又は前記光出射面に対向する面に光の取り出し効率を高める光取り出しパターンを有し、
前記開口部の前記光入射面側の近傍における前記光取り出しパターンの密度が、周囲の部分における密度より低いことを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れかに記載の表示装置。 - 前記開口部に挿入される挿入部材を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1~4の何れかに記載の表示装置。
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CN201480042172.3A CN105431753A (zh) | 2013-08-12 | 2014-08-06 | 显示装置 |
US14/903,067 US20160161664A1 (en) | 2013-08-12 | 2014-08-06 | Display apparatus |
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