WO2014183397A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents
显示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014183397A1 WO2014183397A1 PCT/CN2013/087123 CN2013087123W WO2014183397A1 WO 2014183397 A1 WO2014183397 A1 WO 2014183397A1 CN 2013087123 W CN2013087123 W CN 2013087123W WO 2014183397 A1 WO2014183397 A1 WO 2014183397A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- display device
- liquid crystal
- light
- crystal layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002145 thermally induced phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
Definitions
- Embodiments of the invention relate to a display device. Background technique
- the liquid crystal display (LCD) of the prior art mainly displays images by a backlight and a liquid crystal display panel.
- a lower polarizer is attached to one side of the liquid crystal display panel facing the backlight, and an upper polarizer is attached to the side facing away from the backlight.
- TN Twisted Nematic
- the principle is as follows: The light emitted by the backlight passes through the lower polarizing plate and becomes linearly polarized light, if liquid crystal The display panel is not powered, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer between the color filter substrate and the array substrate are twisted by 90 degrees, and the light is rotated by 90 degrees after passing through the liquid crystal layer, and the polarization direction is perpendicular to the lower polarizing plate.
- Polarizing plate if the liquid crystal display panel is powered, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is changed (arranged in the direction of the electric field), and the polarization direction of the light after passing through the liquid crystal layer is unchanged, and the light will not pass through the upper polarizing plate.
- the light emitted by the backlight needs to pass through the upper polarizing plate and the lower polarizing plate, and the light passes through the lower polarizing plate to lose at least 50% of the light, and then passes through the array substrate, the liquid crystal layer, and the color film substrate, and Most of the light energy is absorbed, and the light passes through the upper polarizer and loses some of the energy.
- the final light utilization rate is about 5%.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a display device which uses a polymer dispersed liquid crystal to form a liquid crystal layer between upper and lower substrates, thereby improving light utilization efficiency.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including: a display panel, including: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite the first substrate; a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, located at the first Between the substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of pixel units formed on the second substrate, each of the pixel units being provided with a thin film transistor; a first electrode disposed at an orientation of the first substrate a side of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer; a plurality of second electrodes disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, and each of the second electrodes is provided in each pixel unit And at least one light source, each disposed on a side of the display panel and providing light to the display panel.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of another display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing light propagation when a display panel in a display device is powered on according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of light propagation when a display panel in a display device is not powered according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a first structural diagram of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a second structure of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a third structural diagram of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of still another display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 and includes:
- the display panel 1 includes: a first substrate 11; a second substrate 13 opposite the first substrate 11; and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13; And a plurality of second electrodes 15 disposed on the second substrate 13 One side of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12; at least one light source 4, each disposed on the side of the display panel 1, and providing light to the display panel 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structural view of another display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the display device further includes: disposed on the second substrate 13 away from the display device illustrated in FIG.
- the polymer disperses the liquid crystal layer 12 on the side of the black light absorbing layer 3, and the black light absorbing layer 3 and the second substrate 13 have an air gap 2.
- the black light absorbing layer 3 can absorb the light that is externally irradiated onto the display panel 1 to avoid interference of the external light other than the light emitted by the light source 4 on the display panel 1.
- the black light absorbing layer 3 and the second substrate have an air gap, and the refractive index of the air is smaller than the refractive index of the substrate, so that the minimum Part of the light is totally reflected on the side of the second substrate 13 away from the polymer: liquid crystal layer 12 (ie, the light emitted by the light source does not exit from the side of the second substrate facing away from the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer), reducing the light emitted by the light source. loss.
- the refractive index of air is smaller than the refractive index of glass, and the light is emitted to the light by the medium (that is, the refractive index of light in this medium is large) (ie, the refractive index of light in this medium) Small)
- the critical angle that is, the minimum angle at which total reflection occurs when light is incident on the light-diffusing medium, and the critical angle of light from the glass into the air is 40 degrees
- the material of the black light absorbing layer is a black matrix material.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing light propagation when the display panel in the display device shown in FIG. 2 is powered up according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first electrode and the second electrode are not shown in FIG. 3, such as As shown in FIG. 3, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the polymer disperses the liquid crystal layer 12
- the liquid crystal molecules in the orientation are in the direction of the electric field, and the orientations of all the liquid crystal molecules are uniform.
- the light emitted from the light source 4 of the liquid crystal layer 12 will not change direction, that is, the light emitted by the light source 4 can be
- the first substrate 11, the second substrate 13, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 are linearly emitted without being emitted from the surface of the first substrate 11 facing away from the surface on which the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 is separated.
- the display device is displayed in a black state.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing light propagation when a display panel in a display device is not powered according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the polymer when no voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the polymer is dispersed.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 12 are disorderly distributed.
- the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 scatters light emitted from the light source 4 incident thereto, so that most of the light emitted from the light source 4 is separated from the first substrate 11 by polymerization.
- the surface of one surface of the liquid crystal layer 12 is emitted, that is, emitted from the display surface of the display device. Thereby, the display device is displayed in a bright state when viewed from the display surface of the display device.
- the display device is capable of realizing gray scale display by adjusting the voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode.
- each of the second electrodes 15 may be a planar electrode
- the first electrode 14 may be a planar electrode or include a plurality of strip-shaped sub-electrodes.
- each of the second electrodes 15 may include a plurality of strip-shaped sub-electrodes
- the first electrode 14 may be a planar electrode or include a plurality of strip-shaped sub-electrodes.
- each of the second electrodes and/or the first electrodes includes a plurality of strip electrodes
- the plurality of second electrodes and/or the first electrodes face the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer
- One side is also covered with a planarization layer.
- the first electrode 14 includes a plurality of strip-shaped sub-electrodes.
- the side of the first electrode 14 facing the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 is also covered with a flat surface.
- the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses the scattering imaging of light, unlike the display panel of the prior art, the polarizer is used, and the display is switched on and off by the polarized light switch (each polarizer causes at least 50% of the light). Loss, light transmission rate is only 3 ⁇ 10%). Thus, the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the utilization rate of light energy.
- the first substrate and the second substrate are glass substrates, or other transparent materials, but the refractive indices of the first substrate and the second substrate are greater than the refractive index of the air, where the materials of the first substrate and the second substrate are No longer.
- the structure of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- Fig. 6 is a view showing the first structure of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer used in the display device according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 6, the thickness of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 is uniform. Easy to process and manufacture.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a second structure of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer used in a display device according to Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 7, in order to ensure that the light intensity received by each pixel unit in the display panel is the same,
- the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 may gradually decrease from the middle to the both ends. The thicker the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, the higher the scattering rate, and vice versa.
- Fig. 8 is a view showing a third structural diagram of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer employed in a display device according to the first embodiment.
- the side of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 12 facing the black light absorbing layer has one pixel with each pixel unit in the display device.
- the curved protrusion corresponds to the curved protrusion. The thicker the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is, the higher the scattering rate is, and vice versa.
- the shape of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer can be formed by forming a resin on the substrate, forming a specific shape by a patterning process, or forming by a conventional patterning process. I will not repeat them here.
- each of the light sources 4 includes a cold cathode lamp, or the light source 4 includes at least one light bar, and each of the light bars is provided with a plurality of light emitting diodes.
- four light sources 4 may be provided, each of which is disposed on each of the four sides of the display panel 1.
- the light bars are respectively disposed on each side to facilitate providing a uniform light source for the display panel.
- two light sources 4 may be provided, each of which may be respectively disposed on two adjacent sides of the display panel 1, and FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional structure of another display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- two light sources 4 are respectively disposed on two adjacent sides of the four sides of the display panel 1, and the other two sides of the display panel 1 are respectively provided with a reflective coating 5.
- the reflective coating 5 is arranged to prevent leakage of light, and at the same time, the number of light bars can be reduced, and the light source can be improved. Utilization.
- two light sources 4 may be provided, each of which may be disposed on opposite sides of the display panel 1, respectively, and a reflective coating on each of the other two sides of the display panel 1 is exemplarily
- the first substrate may be a color filter substrate
- the second substrate may be an array substrate.
- the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is generally consistent with the manufacturing process of the prior art display device, and can be divided into three parts: 1. array substrate fabrication; 2. box process; 3. module assembly.
- the process of fabricating the array substrate is substantially identical to that of the prior art array substrate, mainly in forming a TFT array and an electrode structure on the glass substrate.
- the monomer in the liquid crystal is subjected to ultraviolet polymerization to form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.
- the polarizer is not required to be attached, and the backlight module is not required, but the light source is disposed on the side of the display panel according to the contents of the above embodiments.
- phase separation methods mainly include polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS), thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), and solvent induced phase separation (SIPS).
- PIPS polymerization induced phase separation
- TIPS thermally induced phase separation
- SIPS solvent induced phase separation
- the polymerization phase separation method has been widely used in industrial production because it has the advantages of easy control of the process cartridge, fast curing speed and low toxicity.
- the polymerization phase separation method is divided into three types: thermal curing, ultraviolet (UV) curing and electron beam (EB) curing. It is within the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and modifications of the invention as claimed.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
一种显示装置,包括:显示面板(1),包括:第一基板(11);第二基板(13),与第一基板(11)对置;聚合物分散液晶层(12),位于第一基板(11)和第二基板(13)之间;多个像素单元,形成在第二基板(13)上,每个像素单元中设置有薄膜晶体管;第一电极(14),设置在第一基板(11)的朝向聚合物分散液晶层(12)的一侧;多个第二电极(15),设置在第二基板(13)朝向聚合物分散液晶层(12)的一侧,且每个第二电极(15)提供在每个像素单元中;以及至少一个光源(4),每个设置在显示面板(1)的侧面,且为显示面板(1)提供光。
Description
显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种显示装置。 背景技术
现有的液晶显示装置(LCD, Liquid Crystal Display)主要通过一背光源、 一液晶显示面板来显示成像。 液晶显示面板朝向背光源的一面贴附有下偏光 片,背离背光源的一面贴附有上偏光片。下面以扭曲向列型 (Twisted Nematic, TN)常白模式液晶显示器为例筒述液晶显示装置的原理, 其原理为: 由背光 源发出的光经过下偏振片后变为线偏振光, 如果液晶显示面板不加电, 位于 彩膜基板和阵列基板之间的液晶层中液晶分子呈 90度的扭转,则光经过液晶 层后偏振方向旋转 90度,可以通过偏振方向垂直于下偏振片的上偏振片;如 果液晶显示面板加电,则液晶层中液晶分子排列方式改变(沿电场方向排列 ), 光经过液晶层后偏振方向不变, 光线将无法通过上偏振片。
传统的液晶显示装置中,背光源发出的光需要经过上偏振片和下偏振片, 光线透过下偏振片至少要损失掉 50%的光, 再经过阵列基板、 液晶层、 彩膜 基板, 又有大部分光能被吸收, 光线经过上偏振片又损失了部分能量, 最终 光的利用率为 5%左右。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种显示装置, 采用聚合物分散液晶来形成上下 基板之间的液晶层, 能够提高光的利用率。
一方面, 本发明的实施例提供了一种显示装置, 包括: 显示面板, 包 括: 第一基板; 第二基板, 与所述第一基板对置; 聚合物分散液晶层, 位于 所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间; 多个像素单元,形成在所述第二基板上, 每个所述像素单元中设置有薄膜晶体管; 第一电极, 设置在所述第一基板的 朝向所述聚合物分散液晶层的一侧; 多个第二电极, 设置在所述第二基板朝 向所述聚合物分散液晶层的一侧, 且每个所述第二电极提供在每个像素单元
中; 以及至少一个光源, 每个设置在所述显示面板的侧面, 且为所述显示面 板提供光。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例的附图作 筒单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例, 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1为根据本发明实施例的一种显示装置的截面结构图;
图 2为根据本发明实施例的另一种显示装置的截面结构图;
图 3为根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的显示面板加电时的光线传播示 意图;
图 4为根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的显示面板不加电时的光线传播 示意图;
图 5为根据本发明实施例的另一种显示装置结构示意图;
图 6为根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的聚合物分散液晶层的第一种结 构示意图;
图 7为根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的聚合物分散液晶层的第二种结 构示意图;
图 8为根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的聚合物分散液晶层的第三种结 构示意图; 以及
图 9为根据本发明实施例的再一种显示装置的结构截面图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置的截面结构图如图 1所示, 包括: 显
示面板 1 , 显示面板 1包括: 第一基板 11; 第二基板 13, 与所述第一基板 11 对置; 聚合物分散液晶层 12, 位于第一基板 11和第二基板 13之间; 多个像 素单元, 形成在所述第二基板 13上; 第一电极 14, 设置在第一基板 11朝向 聚合物分散液晶层 12的一侧; 多个第二电极 15, 设置在第二基板 13朝向聚 合物分散液晶层 12的一侧;至少一个光源 4,每个设置在显示面板 1的侧面, 且为显示面板 1提供光。
这里, 为了图示及说明的方便, 附图中仅示出多个像素单元中的一个, 对于其他像素单元其结构与示出的相同, 这里不再逐一赘述。
示例性地, 图 2示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种显示装置的截面结构 图, 该显示装置在图 1示出的显示装置基础上进一步地还包括: 设置于第二 基板 13背离聚合物分散液晶层 12—侧的黑色吸光层 3, 黑色吸光层 3与第 二基板 13之间具有空气间隙 2。黑色吸光层 3可以吸收外界照射到显示面板 1上的光, 避免除光源 4发出的光以外的外界光线对显示面板 1的干扰, 由 于光源 4发出的光大多为横向光,极少一部分光会照射到第二基板 13背离聚 合物分散液晶层 12的一面,黑色吸光层 3与第二基板之间具有空气间隙,利 用空气的折射率小于基板的折射率这一特性, 可以使这一极小部分的光在第 二基板 13背离聚合物^:液晶层 12的一面发生全反射 (即光源发出的光线 不会从第二基板背离聚合物分散液晶层的一面射出) , 减少光源发出的光的 损失。
光可以发生全反射的原因为: 空气的折射率比玻璃的折射率小, 光由光 密(即光在此介质中的折射率大 )介质射到光疏 (即光在此介质中折射率小 ) 介质的界面时, 若入射角度大于临界角 (即光由光密介质射入光疏介质时发 生全反射的最小角度, 光由玻璃射到空气中的临界角为 40度)时,便可发生 全反射。
示例性地, 上述黑色吸光层的材料为黑色矩阵材料。
下面以图 2所示的显示装置为例对根据本发明实施例的显示装置的工作 过程进行筒要说明。
图 3示出了根据本发明实施例的图 2所示的显示装置中的显示面板加电 时的光线传播示意图, 为了筒化, 图 3中并未示出第一电极和第二电极, 如 图 3 所示, 当第一电极和第二电极之间施加电压时, 聚合物分散液晶层 12
中的液晶分子取向沿电场方向, 且所有液晶分子的取向一致, 此时, 透过聚 合物^:液晶层 12的光源 4发出的光将不改变方向,也就是, 即光源 4发出 的光可以从第一基板 11、 第二基板 13及聚合物分散液晶层 12中直线射出, 而不会从第一基板 11背离聚合物分散液晶层 12的一面的表面射出。 这样, 从该显示装置的显示面进行观看, 该显示装置显示为黑态。
图 4示出了根据本发明实施例的显示装置中的显示面板不加电时的光线 传播示意图, 如图 4所示, 当第一电极和第二电极之间不施加电压时, 聚合 物分散液晶层 12中的液晶分子混乱分布, 此时, 聚合物分散液晶层 12将入 射到其中的光源 4发出的光进行散射, 这样, 光源 4发出的光将有大部分从 第一基板 11背离聚合物^:液晶层 12的一面的表面射出, 也就是, 从显示 装置的显示面出射。 由此, 从该显示装置的显示面进行观看, 该显示装置显 示为亮态。
通过调整施加到第一电极和第二电极的电压, 该显示装置能够实现灰阶 显示。
示例性地, 每个第二电极 15可以是面状电极, 第一电极 14可以是面状 电极或包括多个条状子电极。
示例性地, 每个第二电极 15可以包括多个条状子电极, 第一电极 14可 以是面状电极或包括多个条状子电极。
这样, 在每个第二电极和 /或第一电极包括多个条状电极的情况下, 所述 多个第二电极和 /或所述第一电极的面对所述聚合物分散液晶层的一侧还覆 盖有平坦化层。为了筒便,这里仅给出了第一电极 14包括多个条状子电极的 图示, 如图 9所示, 在第一电极 14的面对聚合物分散液晶层 12的一侧还覆 盖有平坦化层 16。
由于本发明实施例提供的显示装置采用光的散射成像, 而不像现有技术 中的显示面板采用偏光片, 靠偏振光的开关通断完成显示, (每一片偏光片 造成至少 50%的光损失, 光透过率仅有 3~10% )。 这样, 本发明实施例提供 的显示装置, 提高了光能的利用率。
示例性地, 第一基板和第二基板为玻璃基板, 或者其它透明材料, 但第 一基板和第二基板的折射率要大于空气的折射率, 这里对第一基板和第二基 板的材料就不再——赘述。
下面结合附图对根据本发明实施例的聚合物分散液晶层 12 的结构进行 描述。
实施例二
图 6示出了根据实施例一的显示装置中采用的聚合物分散液晶层的第一 种结构示意图, 如图 6所示, 聚合物分散液晶层 12的厚度均匀。便于加工和 制造。
实施例三
图 7示出了根据实施例一的显示装置中采用的聚合物分散液晶层的第二 种结构示意图, 如图 7所示, 为了保证显示面板中每一个像素单元接收到的 光强度相同, 上述聚合物分散液晶层 12的厚度可以由中间向两端逐渐减小。 聚合物分散液晶层的厚度越厚, 其散射率越高, 反之, 则越低。
实施例四
图 8示出了根据实施例一的显示装置中采用的聚合物分散液晶层的第三 种结构示意图。 如图 8所示, 为了保证显示面板中每一个像素单元接收到的 光强度相同,上述聚合物分散液晶层 12朝向黑色吸光层的一侧具有与所述显 示装置中的每一个像素单元一一对应弧形凸起。 聚合物分散液晶层的厚度越 厚, 其散射率越高, 反之, 则越低。
上述实施例一、 实施例二、 实施例三以及实施例四中, 聚合物分散液晶 层形状可以通过在基板上做一层树脂, 通过构图工艺形成特定的形状, 或者 采用常规的构图工艺形成, 在此不再赘述。 此外, 上述四个实施例中, 可选 地, 每个光源 4包括冷阴极灯管, 或者上述光源 4包括至少一个灯条, 每一 个灯条上安装有多个发光二级管。
进一步地, 可以提供有四个光源 4, 每个光源分别设置在显示面板 1的 四个侧面。对于显示面板, 一般都有四个侧面, 灯条分别设置在每一个侧面, 便于为显示面板提供均匀的光源。
示例性地,可以提供有两个光源 4,每个光源可以分别设置在显示面板 1 的的相邻的两个侧面, 图 5示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种显示装置的截 面结构图, 如图 4所示, 两个光源 4分别设置在显示面板 1的四个侧面中相 邻的两个侧面, 而显示面板 1的另外两个侧面上分别设置有反射涂层 5。 反 射涂层 5的设置可以防止光线的泄露, 同时可以减小灯条的数目, 提高光源
的利用率。
示例性地,可以提供有两个光源 4,每个光源可以分别设置在显示面板 1 的的相对的两个侧面, 而显示面板 1的另外两个侧面上分别设置有反射涂层 示例性地, 第一基板可以是彩膜基板, 第二基板可以是阵列基板。
本发明实施例提供的显示装置, 总体上来说与现有技术的显示装置的制 作流程基本一致, 可以分为三部分: 1. 阵列基板制作; 2. 对盒工艺; 3.模 组组装。
其中: 阵列基板制作的工艺与现有技术的阵列基板的制作工艺基本上完 全一致, 主要是在在玻璃基板上形成 TFT阵列和电极结构。
对盒工艺与现有技术的显示装置的对盒工艺区别是:
一、 不需要取向工艺, 节省了制备时间。
二、 用混合有聚合物单体的液晶代替普通液晶。
三、 在形成液晶盒之后要对液晶中的单体进行紫外聚合, 形成聚合物分 散液晶层。
模组组装过程中, 不需要偏光片贴附, 不需要背光模组, 但是要根据上 述各个实施例中的内容, 将光源设置在显示面板的侧面。
聚合物分散液晶(PDLC, polymer dispersed liquid crystal )的制备方法大 体可分为相分离法和微胶嚢封装法, 现在应用较多的是相分离法。 相分离法 主要包括聚合引发相分离(PIPS) 、 热引发相分离(TIPS) 和溶剂引发相分离 ( SIPS) 。 其中聚合相分离方法由于具有工艺筒单易控制, 固化速度快, 毒性 小等优点而受到重视, 在工业生产中得到广泛应用。 按照固化条件的不同, 聚合相分离方法又分为热固化 、 紫外光 (UV) 固化和电子束 (EB)固化 3种。 脱离本发明的精神和范围。 这样, 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明 权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在 内。
Claims
1、 一种显示装置, 包括:
显示面板, 包括:
第一基板;
第二基板, 与所述第一基板对置;
聚合物分散液晶层, 位于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间; 多个像素单元, 形成在所述第二基板上;
第一电极, 设置在所述第一基板的朝向所述聚合物分散液晶层的一 侧; 以及
多个第二电极, 设置在所述第二基板朝向所述聚合物分散液晶层的 一侧, 且每个所述第二电极提供在每个像素单元中; 以及
至少一个光源, 每个设置在所述显示面板的侧面, 且为所述显示面板提 供光。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的显示装置, 还包括: 设置于所述第二基板背 离所述聚合物分散液晶层一侧的黑色吸光层, 所述黑色吸光层与所述第二基 板之间具有空气间隙。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的显示装置, 其中每个第二电极是面状电极,所 述第一电极是面状电极或包括多个条状子电极。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的显示装置, 其中每个所述第二电极包括多个条 状子电极, 所述第一电极是面状电极或包括多个条状子电极。
5、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的显示装置, 其中在每个所述第二电极和 / 或所述第一电极包括多个条状电极的条件下,所述多个第二电极和 /或所述第 一电极的面对所述聚合物分散液晶层的一侧还覆盖有平坦化层。
6、 根据权利要求 2所述的显示装置, 其中所述黑色吸光层的材料为黑 色矩阵材料。
7、 根据权利要求 1-4和 6之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述聚合物分散液 晶层的厚度均匀。
8、 根据权利要求 1-4和 6之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述聚合物分散液 晶层的厚度由中间向两端逐渐减小。
9、 根据权利要求 1-4和 6之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述聚合物分散液 晶层朝向所述黑色吸光层的一侧具有与所述显示装置中的每个所述像素单元 ——对应的弧形凸起。
10、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述至少一个光源的 每个包括冷阴极灯管。
11、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述至少一个光源的 每个包括至少一个灯条, 每一个所述灯条上安装有多个发光二级管。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的显示装置, 包括四个光源。
13、根据权利要求 11所述的显示装置, 其中所述四个光源的每个包括至 少一个灯条或冷阴极灯管, 且每个所述光源分别设置在所述显示面板的四个 侧面。
14、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 包括两个所述光源, 每个 所述光源分别设置在所述显示面板的四个侧面中相邻的两个侧面上, 所述显 示面板的另外两个侧面上分别设置有反射涂层。
15、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 包括两个所述光源, 每个 所述光源分别设置在所述显示面板的四个侧面中相对的两个侧面上, 所述显 示面板的另外两个侧面上分别设置有反射涂层。
16、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述第二基板是阵列 基板, 所述第一基板是彩膜基板。
17、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述第二基板和所述 第一基板是玻璃基板。
18、 根据权利要求 1-4之一所述的显示装置, 其中所述第二基板和所述 第一基板由折射率大于空气的透明材料制成。
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