WO2014163599A1

WO2014163599A1 - Cageless roller bearing

Info

Publication number: WO2014163599A1
Application number: PCT/UA2013/000060
Authority: WO
Inventors: Валерий Вилинович КАЛЮЖНЫ
Original assignee: ОРСИК, Сергей Иванович
Priority date: 2013-04-01
Filing date: 2013-06-13
Publication date: 2014-10-09

Abstract

Use: in rolling element bearings which can be used in any industrial field, primarily mechanical engineering. Essence: a cageless roller bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, rows of rolling elements in the form of rollers, and locking elements, wherein the number of rollers is the same in each row but the size of the rollers is different in each row in terms of diameter. The outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring have smooth cylindrical surfaces. The rolling elements are arranged in two rows and are in the form of cylinders with smooth surfaces and spherical ends. The locking elements are in the form of terminal bearing covers with a smooth surface or with two radial conical grooves for guiding each row of rollers. The ends of the rolling elements may be in the form of truncated cones or may have a different rotating element surface. Technical advantages: maximally simplified design; increased rigidity; high rate of rotation; reduced noise; significantly reduced wear; increased service life; increased bearing capacity.

Description

ROLLER DEPARTMENT-FREE ROLLING BEARING

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular, to rolling bearings, which can be used in any industry.

State of the art

Significant disadvantages of standard rolling bearings are well known to those skilled in the art. These include a relatively low frequency of rotation, the presence of rolling friction with the slip of rotation bodies, increased noise, low durability, high heating temperature, for example, above 100 ° C. Therefore, the inventors are constantly improving them, offering various solutions to existing problems.

So, for example, the well-known single-row full complement roller bearing containing an outer ring, an inner ring, two side rings connected to the inner ring by means of locking rings, a rolling body in the form of rollers mounted in radial grooves on inner cylindrical the surface of the outer ring, and the locking rings have contact with the bevels of the end surfaces of the side rings [see US Pat. Russia Ne 43608 in class F16C 19/22 published on January 27, 2005].

The main disadvantage of the known bearing is its low carrying capacity, due to the single-row design of the rolling block, through which pressure is transmitted from the rolling elements to the outer ring.

The closest in essence and the achieved effect, taken as a prototype, is a full complement roller bearing containing an outer ring, an inner ring, three rows of rolling bodies in the form of rollers, and the second row of rollers has locking elements connected to the torus rollers - core surfaces, and the inner ring has a radial groove on the outer surface in which the first row of rollers is located, and the outer ring has a radial groove on the inner surface in which the third row of roles is located kov, and the rollers of the first row are opposite the rollers of the third row, with the offset between the rollers of the second row, and the diameter of the rollers of the second row is larger than the diameter of the rollers of the first row, and the diameter of the rollers of the third row is larger than the diameter of the rollers of the second row, will take the number of rollers in each same row [cm. US Pat. Of Ukraine N ° 76174 for class F16C 19/22, 19/28 published on December 25, 2012 in Byul. Ns 24].

An increase in the number of rows of rolling bodies up to three actually allows increasing bearing capacity due to decomposition of pressure forces on the outer ring. It is quite logical that the use, for example, of a four-row bearing allows even more decomposition of forces and, thus, an increase in its load-bearing capacity, and of a ten-row one, to an even greater extent. However, given the presence of tolerances, even minimal, between the locking elements of the middle row rollers and the rollers of adjacent rows, the bearing automatically loses axial stiffness. And precisely for this reason, the bearing quickly collapses, for example, in the presence of axial runout, pushing the inner ring. For this reason, the known bearing design should be recognized as unreliable, as incapable of absorbing and sustaining axial loads.

The second, although no less significant drawback of the known bearing is the complexity of its design, due to the need to make radial inner grooves on the outer and inner rings to arrange the extreme rows of rolling bodies in them, and the middle row of rolling bodies must have locking elements that hold this row of rolling bodies between the extreme rows. Such complication of design automatically complicates the technology of manufacturing and processing of bearing parts, as well as the technology of its assembly, which requires the use of specific tools and equipment.

Task to be solved

The basis of the invention is the task of significantly simplifying the design of the rolling bearing while increasing its rigidity in the axial direction due to the fundamental change in the location of the locking elements by making appropriate structural changes in the rolling elements and locking elements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the full complement roller bearing containing an outer ring, an inner ring, rows of rolling bodies in the form of rollers and locking elements, the number of rollers in each row is the same, and the size of the rollers in each row is different in diameter, according to the proposal, the outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring have cylindrical smooth surfaces, and the rolling bodies are arranged in two rows and are made in the form of cylinders with smooth surfaces and spherical ends, and the locking elements are made in the form of end caps of bearings with a smooth surface or with two radial tapered grooves for guiding each row of rollers. Naturally, the ends of the rolling bodies can be made in the form of truncated cones or have a different surface of the body of revolution, however, the spherical one ensures minimal contact of the roller with the locking element, therefore, conditions are created for minimal friction under axial load on the bearing.

The smooth mating surfaces of the rings and bodies of revolution have minimal contact with each other, therefore, minimal friction, and, together with the end caps, form a reliable power closed double-row rather rigid set that can withstand significant loads, both in radial and in sowing directions. The implementation of all bearing elements with smooth surfaces, of course, greatly simplifies the manufacturing and assembly technology of the bearing.

List of illustrations

The further essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated in conjunction with illustrative material, which depicts the following: Figure 1 is a side view of the proposed bearing, section;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the proposed bearing without a locking element;

Figure 3 is a cross section of a locking element in the form of an end cap with a smooth working surface;

Figure 4 is the same with radial grooves;

Figure 5 - construction of a body of revolution (roller) with spherical ends;

Figure. 6 - the same, with conical ends.

Description of a preferred embodiment of the invention

The proposed full-quality roller bearing of quality includes an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2. On the inner ring 2 there is a first row of rolling bodies in the form of rollers 3. Above the first row of rollers 3 there is a second row of rolling bodies in the form of rollers 4. At the ends of the bearing locking elements 5 are located.

The number of rollers 3 and rollers 4 in each row is the same. The diameter of the rollers 3 is smaller than the diameter of the rollers 4. The outer surface of the inner ring 2 and the inner surface of the outer ring 1 have a cylindrical smooth surface, and the rollers 3 and

b 4 are made in the form of cylinders with a smooth surface and spherical ends 6.

The locking elements 5 are made in the form of bearing end caps with a smooth working surface (turned towards the rollers 3 and 4), or with two radial conical grooves 7 (grooves) for guiding the rollers 3 and 4. The ends of the rollers 3 and 4 can be made in in the form of truncated (cut) cones 8 or have a different surface of the body of revolution, for example, paraboloid, however, the spherical shape provides minimal friction under axial load on the bearing.

The proposed full complement bearing operates as follows.

The torque from the inner ring 2 is transmitted to the first (inner) row of rollers 3, rotating about its axis, for example, clockwise. At the same time, a second row of rollers 4 are rotated, rotating about its axis, in this case, counterclockwise. When there is an axial load on the bearing, the Zi 4 rollers abut their spherical ends 6 against the locking elements 5, which do not interfere with the rotation of the rollers 3 and 4, given that the contact area between them is only point-like, therefore it cannot even not- significant friction of the spherical ends 6 of the rollers 3 and 4 on the locking element 5.

The calculation of the main dimensions of the rollers is carried out according to the following formulas:

I ₂ = Vfo + 'i) ² - ^R i ^sin2 \ + ^R \ ^COS 2

360 °

r = - and,. where Ro is the inner radius of the inner ring,

R1 is the radius of the circle from the center of the bearing to the center of the first row of rollers,

R2 is the value of the radius of the circle from the center of the bearing to the center of the second row of rollers,

RH is the outer radius of the outer ring,

p is the radius of the first row of rollers,

g 2 - the radius of the second row of rollers,

- the number of rollers of the series r ^

γ is the angle between adjacent rollers of radius g

The angle γ is selected from the calculation in order to eliminate jamming, that is, its value should be the angle of dry friction. The proposed non-separating rolling bearing differs from similar designs by an increased load capacity of at least two times. Due to the fact that the rollers 3 and 4 rotate at a constant speed and without slipping in opposite directions, and oscillate in opposite phases, the noise is mutually eliminated. Thus, the proposed bearing is 20 to 60% quieter. The operation of the bearing in conditions of clean rolling without sliding and slipping of the bodies of the rollers 3 and 4 provides a higher rotational speed, without overheating and additional lubrication.

The proposed full complement rolling bearing can be successfully applied in the field of heavy engineering.

The proposed full-complement rolling bearing can be used without the inner ring 2. To do this, it is assembled with a raised ring, which is pressed out during the installation of the bearing on the shaft.

The claimed technical solution is tested in practice. The proposed non-separating rolling bearing does not contain one structural element that could not be reproduced at the present stage of development of science and technology, therefore, it is suitable for industrial applications, it has technical and other advantages ed known analogues, which confirms the possibility of achieving a technical result of the claimed object. In the known sources of patent and other scientific and technical information, no designs of full-complement roller bearings with the set of essential features indicated in the proposal have been identified, therefore, the proposed technical solution is considered such that it can receive legal protection.

A significant difference of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the known ones, is that the bearing rings and bodies of revolution have a smooth surface, and the locking elements are made in the form of end caps. These differences, in total, make it possible to extremely simplify the manufacturing technology and the assembly procedure of the bearing, while simultaneously increasing the technical and functional capabilities due to a significant reduction in friction. None of the known roller bearings can possess the indicated differences, since they do not have in their composition all the essential structural features inherent in the proposed technical solution.

Since for specialists in this field of knowledge the indicated essential features of the proposed roller full-complement rolling bearing cannot arise from the existing level of technology, we can draw a confident conclusion about the conformity the proposed technical solution to the criterion of "inventive step".

Technical Advantages of the Invention

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the prototype, include the following:

- ultimate simplification of the design of the roller bearing due to the fact that all its parts have only smooth surfaces;

- increasing the stiffness of the bearing in the axial direction due to the fact that its locking elements are made in the form of end caps;

- providing a higher frequency of rotation of the bearing due to rolling without slipping bodies of rotation along the rings;

- noise reduction during operation of the bearing for the same reason;

- a sharp decrease in bearing wear for the same reason;

- increase the operational life of the bearing for the same reason;

- an increase in bearing capacity due to the redistribution of loads in the axial direction.

The economic effect of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the use of the prototype, was obtained They are eliminated by reducing the cost of the bearing due to simplification of its design and manufacturing technology, and an increase in the operating life, and a decrease in the use of oils for lubrication.

The social effect of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the use of the prototype, is obtained by reducing man-made disasters by 30 - 40%, arising from the destruction of bearings in heavy equipment.

After describing the proposed full-complement roller bearing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all of the above is illustrative only and not restrictive as presented by this example. The above proposal is described only in general terms. Numerous possible options for the practical implementation of the proposed technical solution, such as, for example, the size of the rollers, the shape of their ends, the design of the end caps, etc., can vary depending on the operating conditions of the bearings, and, of course, are within the limits of one of the usual and natural approaches in this field of knowledge and are considered such that are within the scope of the proposed technical solution.

The quintessence of the proposed technical solution is that the surfaces of the rollers and the surfaces of the rings are made smoothly. such, and the locking elements are made in the form of bearing end caps, and it is precisely these circumstances, in aggregate, that made it possible to acquire the aforementioned and other advantages with the proposed technical solution. The use of individual structural elements of the proposed roller bearing of the quality declared above naturally limits the range of advantages listed above, and cannot be considered new technical solutions in this field of knowledge, since other structural schemes similar to those described no longer require any creative approach from designers and engineers, they cannot be considered the results of their creative activities or new intellectual property suitable for I protect with security documents.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A full complement roller bearing comprising an outer ring, an inner ring, rows of rolling bodies in the form of rollers and locking elements, the number of rollers in each row being the same, and the size of the rollers in each row being different in diameter, excellent and those that the outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring have cylindrical smooth surfaces, and the rolling bodies are arranged in two rows and are made in the form of cylinders with smooth surfaces and spherical ends, and the locking elements They are made in the form of bearing end caps with a smooth surface or with two radial conical grooves for guiding each row of rollers.

2. A full complement roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the rolling bodies are made in the form of truncated cones or have a different surface of the body of revolution.