WO2014157225A1 - 希土類元素の吸着材及びその回収方法 - Google Patents
希土類元素の吸着材及びその回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rare earth element adsorbent that adsorbs and recovers rare earth elements dissolved in an aqueous solution, and a method for recovering rare earth elements.
- Rare earth elements also called rare earths, are groups of 17 elements from scandium (Sc / 21), yttrium (Y / 39), lanthanum (La / 57) to lutetium (Lu / 71) (brackets) Inside is the element symbol / atomic number). At the position of the periodic table, it is an element from the fourth period to the sixth period in the third group. Hereinafter, an element symbol may represent an element.
- Rare earth elements have similar chemical properties. Elements other than scandium with slightly different properties and non-naturally occurring promethium are produced together in the same ore and are difficult to separate as a simple substance. On the other hand, it is present in the earth's crust in comparison with gold and silver, but it is classified as a rare metal because it is difficult to separate and refine a single element.
- Rare earth elements have a wide range of uses such as permanent magnets, catalysts, and phosphors, and are indispensable for cutting-edge industries.
- the supply structure is unevenly distributed in producing countries, and vulnerability is pointed out.
- recycling in addition to searching for new deposits, developing alternative materials, reducing usage, and strategic stockpiling, recycling (recovery) is important.
- Patent Document 1 a solvent extraction method using a phosphate ester-based extractant
- Patent Document 2 a precipitation method using an alkali or oxalic acid
- Patent Document 1 The solvent extraction method such as Patent Document 1 is a method capable of continuous operation and excellent in separation performance, but requires a large-scale facility, and when the concentration of the target recovery target is low. Is not efficient.
- the precipitation method of patent document 2 etc. is simple and excellent in cost, it is not suitable as a separation technique from a dilute solution.
- the adsorption method is effective for the separation technique.
- a method for adsorbing and collecting rare earth elements there are a method using a polymer (Patent Document 3) and a method using a biological material (Patent Document 4).
- Commercially available adsorbents such as strongly acidic cation exchange resins and iminodiacetic acid-based chelate resins also have the ability to adsorb rare earth elements.
- the adsorbent has a problem in that it has no selectivity for rare earth elements.
- iron is especially contained in waste, and in the case of many waste liquids, it coexists with rare earth elements.
- the iron (III) ion is a trivalent ion in the acidic aqueous solution like the rare earth element ion. Therefore, commercially available adsorbents such as ion exchange resins and chelate resins are co-adsorbed with rare earth elements. In particular, when the concentration of iron ions is high and the concentration of rare earth elements is low, the tendency becomes remarkable.
- the process of removing iron as iron hydroxide precipitates requires a large amount of alkali because of the high iron concentration, and the resulting iron hydroxide precipitates have very poor filterability, making it difficult to separate solid and liquid. For this reason, the iron removal process is costly and is not suitable for a low-concentration rare earth element recovery process.
- a process for recovering a rare earth element at a low concentration is often performed in a low pH region, and uses a polymer-derived material (Patent Document 3) or a biological material (Patent Document 4).
- a polymer-derived material Patent Document 3
- a biological material Patent Document 4
- iminodiacetic acid-based chelate resins exhibit adsorption ability only in a weakly acidic region, so that pH adjustment is required as a pretreatment for the adsorption / recovery process, which increases costs.
- dilute rare earth ions are selected from aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of metal ions such as iron, copper, nickel, and zinc. A method of separation is required.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 diglycolamide acid is known as an extractant for solvent extraction that selectively separates rare earth element ions and base metal ions.
- Patent Document 5 Paragraph 0009
- Non-Patent Document 3 Non-Patent Document 3 (p90, 2)). .2)
- the extractant used in the liquid phase system can move freely in the solution and has a high degree of freedom in the molecule. Therefore, the diffusion rate is high and the selectivity for the target substance is also high. On the other hand, when the functional group is immobilized, the degree of freedom is lost, and the selectivity, the amount of adsorption, and the speed may be greatly reduced. In particular, in the case of a multidentate system that can be expected to have high selectivity, this tendency is remarkable and is a drawback.
- An impregnation method is a technique for immobilizing an extractant on a base material to improve this drawback. This is a method in which a hydrophobic base material is impregnated with an organic solvent containing an extractant, and the degree of freedom of the extractant is not lowered, so that the original selectivity of the extractant is maintained.
- the extractant since the extractant is held by physical interaction such as distribution to the solvent, the extractant leaks and is difficult to use repeatedly. Moreover, since the interface area is small, the adsorption speed is small.
- JP 2012-184503 A JP 2009-249664 A JP 2011-231366 A JP 2013-001964 A JP 2009-160495 A
- the present invention provides a rare earth element adsorbent capable of selectively adsorbing and recovering a rare earth element coexisting with a base metal in an aqueous solution easily and inexpensively, and a rare earth element and a rare earth element.
- the object is to provide an element recovery method. Furthermore, it aims at providing the adsorbent which gave repeated tolerance, maintaining high selectivity, adsorption amount, and adsorption speed.
- diglycolamide acid was found as an adsorption site that exhibits selectivity for rare earth elements, and was used as a base material (general-purpose materials such as silica gel and polymer particles). This was realized by introducing glycolamide acid. More specifically, the present invention relates to (1) An adsorbent that is located in an aqueous phase and adsorbs and recovers rare earth elements by contacting with an aqueous solution containing rare earth elements, A rare earth element adsorbent comprising a substrate and diglycolamide acid introduced into the substrate was used.
- a carrier comprising a primary amine or / and a secondary amine on the substrate and diglycolic acid or diglycolic anhydride is reacted to introduce the diglycolamide acid into the substrate.
- the carrier is one kind selected from polyallylamine, polyethyleneimine, or chitosan.
- the rare earth element adsorbent according to (2) is provided.
- the adsorbent for rare earth elements according to (1) or (2) is characterized in that the substrate is polyethylene or polypropylene.
- the base material is silica, and the primary amine and / or the secondary amine is an alkylamine.
- the rare earth element adsorbed on the rare earth element adsorbent by contacting the rare earth element adsorbent according to any one of (1) to (6) with an aqueous solution containing the rare earth element to adsorb the rare earth element on the rare earth element adsorbent. It was set as the structure of the collection
- the method for recovering rare earth elements according to (7) is characterized in that the acid is hydrochloric acid.
- the aqueous solution containing a rare earth element is a mixed aqueous solution containing a rare earth element and a base metal, the pH of which is not adjusted, and the rare earth element is selectively adsorbed and recovered from the mixed aqueous solution. It was set as the structure of the collection method of rare earth elements.
- the adsorbent for rare earth elements according to the present invention is only a portion (diglycolamide acid) having selectivity for rare earth elements in the chemical structure of a conventional extractant (Non-patent Document 1) used in a liquid phase system.
- a conventional extractant Non-patent Document 1
- the excellent points selectiveivity for rare earth elements, adsorption ability in the low pH range
- new excellent points Process advantages over dilute solutions
- diglycolamide acid is introduced into the substrate surface by chemical bonding, the adsorption rate is higher than that of the conventional adsorbent (FIG. 12) and can be used repeatedly (FIG. 14).
- the rare earth element can be recovered even from an aqueous solution that is simple and inexpensive and is rare in the rare earth element. Further, as shown in Examples 3 to 5, the selectivity to the rare earth element is high even in the presence of the base metal, and it has an adsorption ability even in a low pH aqueous solution such as pH 1.0. Further, as shown in Example 6, since it can be easily desorbed with a 1N acid, desorption (recovery) after adsorption of rare earth elements is extremely easy. Furthermore, as shown in Example 7, since there is a difference in the adsorption rate between each light rare earth element, it can be applied to the mutual separation of light rare earth elements. *
- the rare earth element can be recovered from the aqueous solution containing the rare earth element that has been discarded until now, and the recycling efficiency of the rare earth element can be increased.
- the present invention first requires a plurality of functional groups for one rare earth element ion to be adsorbed.
- the amount of functional groups introduced was increased to make the functional groups as dense as possible.
- the adsorption site was designed to be located on the surface of the substrate.
- the specific surface area was enlarged by using a porous body as a base material, and the adsorption amount was also increased.
- functional groups were introduced by chemical bonding.
- the rare earth element adsorbent of the present invention may be simply referred to as an adsorbent.
- the structure and production method of the rare earth element adsorbent of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- a rare earth element adsorbent 1 of the present invention is an adsorbent that adsorbs and recovers rare earth elements by contacting with an aqueous solution containing rare earth elements. Introducing.
- FIG. 1 (1) shows a schematic diagram of an example of a method for producing the rare earth element adsorbent 1.
- the carrier 2 includes a primary amine 2b on a substrate 2a. Then, by mixing the carrier 2 and the diglycolic anhydride 3, the diglycolamide acid 4 (inside the broken line) is introduced (bonded) to the substrate 2a via the amide group 4a (inside the dotted line).
- the other carrier 2d primary amine 2b and secondary amine 2c coexisting materials can also be used, and each of primary amine 2b and secondary amine 2c is used.
- Diglycolic acid 3a is bound.
- the carrier 2 has a primary amine 2b and / or a secondary amine 2c, and any material and shape can be used as long as it has mechanical strength, acid resistance, and insolubility in an aqueous solution.
- Examples of the shape of the carrier 2 include a particulate shape, a plate-like shape, a rod-like shape, a tubular shape, a fibrous shape, and a film-like shape, and the shape is not particularly limited.
- the substrate 2a examples include polymers having primary amines and / or secondary amines such as polyallylamine, polyethyleneimine, and chitosan. Furthermore, there may be mentioned those obtained by adding (bonding) a primary amine or / and secondary amine to general-purpose polymer particles or membranes such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and those obtained by binding an alkylamine to the silica surface.
- diglycolic acid anhydride 3 was used in FIG. 1 (1), but diglycolic acid 3a shown in FIG. 1 (3) can also be used. is there. Diglycolic acid 3a is preferred because it is less expensive than diglycolic anhydride 3.
- adsorbent A Silica gel was added to a methanol solution in which polyethylenimine was dissolved, and polyethylenimine was impregnated in the silica gel. The resulting reaction product was filtered off, washed thoroughly with methanol and water, and dried under reduced pressure. Next, the polyethyleneimine-impregnated silica gel was added to the glutaraldehyde aqueous solution to crosslink the polyethyleneimine in the silica gel, and the resulting reaction product was filtered off, sufficiently washed with water, and dried under reduced pressure.
- polyethyleneimine-impregnated silica gel (carrier) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde was added to a diglycolic anhydride-ethanol solution and reacted at 25 ° C. for 3 days.
- the obtained reaction product was filtered off, sufficiently washed with ethanol and water, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an adsorbent A.
- adsorbent B Diaion CR20 (polyamine type, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) (carrier), which is a commercially available chelate resin, was added to an ethanol solution of diglycolic anhydride and reacted at 25 ° C. for 3 days. The obtained reaction product was separated by filtration, sufficiently washed with ethanol and water, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an adsorbent B.
- [Adsorption test of adsorbent B] Add 50 mg of adsorbent B to 5 mL of an adsorption test aqueous solution containing 100 ppm each of dysprosium (Dy) and neodymium (Nd) as rare earth elements and 100 ppm each of iron, copper, and zinc as base metals, and perform an adsorption test at 25 ° C. while shaking. I did it. After a predetermined time had elapsed, the solution was collected, and the adsorption rate (%) of the metal ion to the adsorbent was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG.
- the vertical axis represents the adsorption rate (%) of each element, and the horizontal axis represents each element type.
- dysprosium which is a rare earth element, can be selectively recovered from a base metal such as iron, copper, or zinc.
- adsorbent C A commercially available amino silica gel 3-Aminopropyl Silica Gel (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (carrier) was added to a dichloromethane solution of diglycolic anhydride and reacted at 25 ° C. for 3 days. The obtained reaction product was separated by filtration, sufficiently washed with dichloromethane, ethanol and water, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an adsorbent C.
- adsorbents D, E, F Preparation of adsorbents D, E, F
- 3- (Ethylenediamine) propyl Silica Gel manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- adsorbent D 3- (Ethylenediamine) propyl-functionalized silica gel (manufactured by Aldrich)
- Adsorbents F were obtained using the materials E and 3- (Diethylentriamino) propyl-functionalized silica gel (manufactured by Aldrich) as a carrier.
- FIG. 5 (adsorbent E), and FIG. 6 (adsorbent F).
- the vertical axis of each figure is the adsorption rate (%), and the horizontal axis is the pH value of the aqueous solution at the time of adsorption equilibrium.
- adsorption rate %
- the horizontal axis is the pH value of the aqueous solution at the time of adsorption equilibrium.
- FIG. 3-6 adsorption of copper and zinc was not confirmed in the tested pH range in the rare earth element adsorbent of the present invention.
- the adsorbent according to the present invention has a high adsorbing ability even at pH eq 1 for dysprosium.
- adsorption test of adsorbent D (effect of pH) 50 mg of adsorbent D was added to 5 mL of an adsorption test aqueous solution containing 100 ppm each of dysprosium and neodymium as rare earth elements and 100 ppm each of iron, copper, and zinc as base metals, adjusted to an initial pH of 1, and adsorbed at 25 ° C. while shaking. A test was conducted. After a predetermined time had elapsed, the solution was collected, and the adsorption rate (%) of the metal ion to the adsorbent was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG.
- the vertical axis represents the adsorption rate (%) of each element, and the horizontal axis represents each element type.
- the adsorption of base metals such as iron, copper, and zinc was hardly confirmed.
- dysprosium and neodymium which are rare earth elements, have a high adsorption ability even in a low pH range of pH 1, and adsorbent D has a high adsorption selectivity for rare earth elements in a base metal coexisting system. It became clear that.
- adsorption test of adsorbent D (measurement of saturated adsorption amount) 50 mg of the adsorbent D was added to 5 mL of a dysprosium aqueous solution adjusted to an arbitrary metal ion concentration and an arbitrary pH, and an adsorption test was performed at 25 ° C. while shaking. After a predetermined time had elapsed, the solution was collected, and the amount of metal ions adsorbed on the adsorbent was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. And as shown in FIG. 8, the adsorption amount of dysprosium was plotted with respect to the density
- adsorbent G 100 mg of the adsorbent D was added to 10 mL of an aqueous dysprosium solution adjusted to an initial pH of 1, and the adsorption test was performed at 25 ° C. while shaking. After elapse of a predetermined time, the solution was collected, and the adsorption amount (%) of the metal ion to the adsorbent was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, the adsorbent was filtered off, washed with water, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an adsorbent G.
- the adsorbent D was added to 5 mL of the aqueous solution, and the adsorption test was performed while shaking.
- the aqueous solution was collected, and the adsorption rate (%) of the metal ions to the adsorbent was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the vertical axis represents the adsorption rate (%), and the horizontal axis represents the test element.
- the adsorption speed of the adsorbent D was examined.
- the prepared adsorbent D was added to an adsorption test aqueous solution adjusted to a dysprosium concentration of 1 mM and pH 1, and the adsorption test was performed at 298 K while shaking. After an arbitrary time, the solution was collected, filtered through a 0.20 ⁇ m-diameter membrane filter, the concentration of metal ions in the aqueous solution was measured with an ICP emission analyzer, and the adsorption rate of metal ions was calculated from the mass balance. The result is shown in FIG.
- adsorption selectivity of the adsorbent D was examined.
- a glass column with an inner diameter of 8 mm was filled with 1 g of the produced adsorbent D (packed bed height: 3.6 cm), and a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution adjusted to pH 1 was sufficiently passed therethrough.
- An aqueous solution (each metal ion concentration: 1 mM, initial pH 1) containing dysprosium, neodymium as the rare earth element, iron, copper, and zinc as the base metal was passed through the column packed with the adsorbent at a constant flow rate (0.25 mL / min). The effluent was collected.
- the base metals copper, iron, and zinc flowed out without interacting with the adsorbent D in the column.
- the rare earth elements dysprosium and neodymium were retained in the column. When the liquid flow rate reaches a certain level, neodymium begins to break through and flows out at a higher concentration than the initial concentration. This is because dysprosium has higher adsorptivity to the adsorbent D than neodymium, and the adsorbed neodymium is replaced by dysprosium.
- Dysprosium was concentrated to about 15 times the initial concentration.
- FIG. 14 shows the integrated adsorption amounts of dysprosium and neodymium.
- the integrated adsorption amount at the time of dysprosium breakthrough is Dy: 15.25 mg / g and Nd: 1.760 mg / g in the first time, and Dy: 14.63 mg / g and Nd: 2 in the second time. 0.080 mg / g. Since there is not much difference in the amount of adsorption, it was shown that the adsorbent D can be used repeatedly.
- the present invention can selectively recover a rare earth element easily and inexpensively from an aqueous solution containing a rare earth element, and even from a dilute aqueous solution, so that the smelting and recycling industry for rare earth elements can be further developed.
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Abstract
Description
より具体的には、本願発明は、
(1)
水相中に位置させ、希土類元素を含む水溶液と接触させて希土類元素を吸着、回収する吸着材であって、
基材と、前記基材に導入したジグリコールアミド酸と、からなることを特徴とする希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(2)
前記基材に第一級アミン又は/及び第二級アミンを備えた担体と、ジグリコール酸又はジグリコール酸無水物を反応させ、前記基材に前記ジグリコールアミド酸を導入したことを特徴とする(1)に記載の希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(3)
前記担体が、ポリアリルアミン、ポリエチレンイミン又はキトサンの内から選ばれる1種であることを特徴とする(2)に記載の希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(4)
前記基材が、ポリエチレン又はポリプロピレンであることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(5)
前記基材が、シリカであることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(6)
前記基材がシリカで、前記第一級アミン又は/及び第二級アミンがアルキルアミンであることを特徴とする(2)に記載の希土類元素の吸着材の構成とした。
(7)
(1)~(6)の何れかに記載の希土類元素の吸着材に、希土類元素を含む水溶液を接触させて希土類元素を希土類元素の吸着材に吸着させ、希土類元素の吸着材に吸着した希土類元素を1規定以下の酸によって脱離させることを特徴とする希土類元素の回収方法の構成とした。
(8)
前記酸が、塩酸であることを特徴とする(7)に記載の希土類元素の回収方法の構成とした。
(9)
希土類元素を含む水溶液が、pH調整をしていない、希土類元素及びベースメタルを含む混合水溶液で、前記混合水溶液から前記希土類元素を選択的に吸着、回収することを特徴とする(8)に記載の希土類元素の回収方法の構成とした。
ポリエチレンイミンを溶解させたメタノール溶液にシリカゲルを加え、シリカゲル中にポリエチレンイミンを含浸させ、得られた反応物をろ別し、メタノール、水で十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥させた。
次に、ポリエチレンイミン含浸シリカゲルをグルタルアルデヒド水溶液に加え、シリカゲル中のポリエチレンイミンを架橋し、得られた反応物をろ別し、水で十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥させた。
次に、グルタルアルデヒドで架橋したポリエチレンイミン含浸シリカゲル(担体)をジグリコール酸無水物-エタノール溶液に加え、25℃で3日間反応させた。得られた反応物をろ別し、エタノール、水で十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥させ、吸着材Aを得た。
希土類元素としてジスプロシウムおよびネオジムを各20ppm含む吸着試験水溶液5mLに吸着材Aを50mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、0.20μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過し、ICP発光分析装置により水溶液中の金属イオン濃度を測定し、マスバランスから金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着率(%)を算出した。その結果、ジスプロシウムの吸着率は96.3%、ネオジムの吸着率は65.2%であった。
市販のキレート樹脂であるダイヤイオンCR20(ポリアミン型、三菱化学社製)(担体)をジグリコール酸無水物のエタノール溶液に加え、25℃で3日間反応させた。得られた反応物をろ別し、エタノール、水で十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥させ、吸着材Bを得た。
[吸着材Bの吸着試験]
希土類元素としてジスプロシウム(Dy)およびネオジム(Nd)を各100ppm、ベースメタルとして鉄、銅、亜鉛を各100ppm含む吸着試験水溶液5mLに吸着材Bを50mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着率(%)を算出した。その結果を図2に示す。図2の縦軸が各元素の吸着率(%)、横軸が各元素種である。
図2に示すように、吸着材Bを用いることで、鉄や銅、亜鉛といったベースメタルより希土類元素であるジスプロシウムを選択的に回収できることが明らかとなった。
市販のアミノシリカゲルである3-Aminopropyl Silica Gel(東京化成工業社製)(担体)をジグリコール酸無水物のジクロロメタン溶液に加え、25℃で3日間反応させた。得られた反応物をろ別し、ジクロロメタン、エタノール、水で十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥させ吸着材Cを得た。
吸着材Cと同様の手順で、3-(Ethylenediamino)propyl Silica Gel(東京化成工業社製)を担体として吸着材D、3-(Ethylenediamino)propyl-functionalized silica gel(Aldrich社製)を担体として吸着材E、3-(Diethylenetriamino)propyl-functionalized silica gel(Aldrich社製)を担体として吸着材Fをそれぞれ得た。
任意のpHに調整した希土類元素としてジスプロシウムおよびネオジムを各100ppm、ベースメタルとして鉄、銅、亜鉛を各100ppm含む吸着試験水溶液5mLに各吸着材C-Fを50mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着率(%)を算出した。その結果を図3(吸着材C)、図4(吸着材D)、図5(吸着材E)、図6(吸着材F)に示す。各図の縦軸が吸着率(%)、横軸が吸着平衡時の水溶液のpH値である。
図3-6に示すように、本発明の希土類元素の吸着材に、銅、亜鉛は試験したpH範囲では吸着が確認されなかった。他のイオンについてはpHが高いほど吸着率が上昇し、鉄についてはpHeq1.5以上、ネオジムについてはpHeq0.5以上で吸着が確認された。また、本発明である吸着材は、ジスプロシウムに対してはpHeq1においても高い吸着能を有していることが明らかとなった。
初期pHを1に調整した、希土類元素としてジスプロシウムおよびネオジムを各100ppm、ベースメタルとして鉄、銅、亜鉛を各100ppm含む吸着試験水溶液5mLに吸着材Dを50mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着率(%)を算出した。その結果を図7に示す。図7の縦軸が各元素の吸着率(%)、横軸が各元素種である。
図7に示すように、ベースメタルである鉄、銅、亜鉛の吸着はほとんど確認されなかった。一方で、希土類元素であるジスプロシウム、ネオジムについてはpH1という低pH域においても高い吸着能を有しており、さらに吸着材Dはベースメタル共存系において希土類元素に対して高い吸着選択性を有していることが明らかとなった。
任意の金属イオン濃度、任意のpHに調整したジスプロシウム水溶液5mLに吸着材Dを50mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着量を算出した。
そして、図8に示すように、吸着平衡時のジスプロシウムの濃度に対してジスプロシウムの吸着量をプロットした。図8の縦軸が吸着材単位乾燥重量あたりのジスプロシウム吸着量(Q[mmol/g])、横軸が平衡時における水溶液中のジスプロシウムの濃度(Ceq[mmol/L])がである。
これらの結果をLangmuir式で整理し、ジスプロシウムの飽和吸着量を算出したところ、初期pH1、3のときそれぞれ0.130mmol/g(21.1mg/g)、0.220mmol/g(35.7mg/g)であった。このように低いpH域においても高い吸着量が確認できた。
初期pHを1に調整したジスプロシウム水溶液10mLに吸着材Dを100mg加え、振とうしながら25℃で吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着量(%)を算出した。その後吸着材をろ別、水洗し、減圧乾燥させ、吸着材Gを得た。
任意のpHに調整した塩酸水溶液5mLに吸着材Gを10mg加え、25℃で振とうした。
所定時間経過後、溶液を採取し、0.20μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過し、ICP発光分析装置により水溶液中の金属イオン濃度を測定し、マスバランスからジスプロシウムイオンの脱離率を算出した。その結果を図9に示す。図9の縦軸が脱離率(%)、横軸が任意に調整された塩酸水溶液のpH値である。
塩酸のpHを下げるほどジスプロシウムの脱離率が高くなり、1mol/L(1規定(1N))の塩酸でほぼ定量的に吸着したジスプロシウムを容易に回収できることが確認された。
プロメチウムを除く14種類のランタノイドイオン(ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウム)を各20ppm、初期pH1.0に調整した吸着試験水溶液5mLに、吸着材Dを加え、振とうしながら吸着試験を行なった。
所定時間経過後、前記水溶液を採取し、実施例1と同法で、金属イオンの吸着材に対する吸着率(%)を算出した。その結果を図10に示す。図10の縦軸は吸着率(%)、横軸が被検元素である。
2 担体
2a 基材
2b 第一級アミン
2c 第二級アミン
2d 担体
3 ジグリコール酸無水物
3a ジグリコール酸
4 ジグリコールアミド酸
4a アミド基
Claims (9)
- 水相中に位置させ、希土類元素を含む水溶液と接触させて希土類元素を吸着、回収する吸着材であって、
基材と、前記基材に導入したジグリコールアミド酸と、からなることを特徴とする希土類元素の吸着材。 - 前記基材に第一級アミン又は/及び第二級アミンを備えた担体と、ジグリコール酸又はジグリコール酸無水物を反応させ、前記基材に前記ジグリコールアミド酸を導入したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の希土類元素の吸着材。
- 前記担体が、ポリアリルアミン、ポリエチレンイミン又はキトサンの内から選ばれる1種であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の希土類元素の吸着材。
- 前記基材が、ポリエチレン又はポリプロピレンであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の希土類元素の吸着材。
- 前記基材が、シリカであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の希土類元素の吸着材。
- 前記基材がシリカで、前記第一級アミン又は/及び第二級アミンがアルキルアミンであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の希土類元素の吸着材。
- 請求項1~請求項6の何れか1項に記載の希土類元素の吸着材に、希土類元素を含む水溶液を接触させて希土類元素を希土類元素の吸着材に吸着させ、希土類元素の吸着材に吸着した希土類元素を1規定以下の酸によって脱離させることを特徴とする希土類元素の回収方法。
- 前記酸が、塩酸であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の希土類元素の回収方法。
- 希土類元素を含む水溶液が、pH調整をしていない、希土類元素及びベースメタルを含む混合水溶液で、前記混合水溶液から前記希土類元素を選択的に吸着、回収することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の希土類元素の回収方法。
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WO2015137451A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | 株式会社クラレ | 重合体、吸着材、並びにその製造方法 |
WO2015199224A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | イオン交換樹脂及び金属の吸着分離方法 |
US20160010178A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2016-01-14 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Adsorbent for rare earth element and method for recovering rare earth element |
WO2016047700A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-03-31 | 日東電工株式会社 | 希土類元素の吸着分離材 |
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WO2019078368A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 希土類元素の分離方法 |
WO2022039112A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 | 吸着剤粒子、基材粒子、充填カラム、及び希土類元素を回収する方法 |
WO2022102373A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-19 | 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 | 吸着材粒子、吸着材粒子を製造する方法、基材粒子、充填カラム、及び、希土類元素を回収する方法 |
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WO2022163833A1 (ja) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 吸着材を使用した方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2014157225A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
CA2907925A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
CN105073245B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
US20160010178A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
JP6103611B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
CA2907925C (en) | 2017-12-05 |
AU2014245532B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
AU2014245532A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
CN105073245A (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
US10023937B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
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