WO2014065135A1 - 2次電池型燃料電池システム及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
2次電池型燃料電池システム及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014065135A1 WO2014065135A1 PCT/JP2013/077708 JP2013077708W WO2014065135A1 WO 2014065135 A1 WO2014065135 A1 WO 2014065135A1 JP 2013077708 W JP2013077708 W JP 2013077708W WO 2014065135 A1 WO2014065135 A1 WO 2014065135A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fine particles
- generating agent
- fuel cell
- gas
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/186—Regeneration by electrochemical means by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a secondary battery type fuel cell system including a solid oxide fuel cell unit and a fuel generating agent and capable of performing not only a power generation operation but also a charging operation, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a solid oxide fuel cell includes a solid oxide electrolyte membrane using, for example, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) or a lanthanum gallate system (for example, LSGM represented by the general formula LaSrMgGaO), a fuel electrode (anode), and an oxidant electrode.
- YSZ yttria-stabilized zirconia
- LSGM lanthanum gallate system
- the one sandwiched from both sides by the (cathode) has a single cell configuration.
- a fuel gas channel for supplying a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) to the fuel electrode and an oxidant gas channel for supplying an oxidant gas (for example, oxygen or air) to the oxidant electrode are provided. Electric power is generated by supplying the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode, respectively.
- the solid oxide fuel cell has an advantage that the power generation efficiency is higher than that of the solid polymer fuel cell, although the operating temperature needs to be higher than that of the solid polymer fuel cell.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a fuel cell system in which a solid oxide fuel cell unit and iron (hydrogen generating member) are combined.
- iron (hydrogen generating member) generates hydrogen by an oxidation reaction with water vapor during the power generation operation of the system
- the solid oxide fuel cell unit includes oxygen-containing oxidizing gas and iron (hydrogen generating member).
- Power is generated by the reaction with the fuel gas supplied from the system, and the iron oxide (oxidized hydrogen generating member) is regenerated by the reduction reaction with hydrogen during the charging operation of the system.
- the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen generating member) is electrolyzed.
- iron (hydrogen generating member) is disposed in a separate storage chamber from the storage chamber in which the solid oxide fuel cell unit is stored. Further, in Patent Document 2, iron (hydrogen generating member) includes a discharge surface from which fuel gas of iron (hydrogen generating member) is released, and a supply surface to which fuel gas of the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell unit is supplied. Are arranged so as to face each other in parallel.
- the power generation operation and the charging operation of the system are repeated, whereby the oxide catalyst contained in the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell unit is reduced and aggregated with surrounding particles.
- the surface area of the oxide catalyst is reduced, and the performance of the fuel electrode is deteriorated.
- the reactivity of the power generation reaction and the electrolysis reaction in the solid oxide fuel cell unit decreases, leading to a decrease in output during the power generation operation of the system and a decrease in the charge amount during the charging operation of the system. have.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery type fuel cell system capable of suppressing deterioration in performance.
- a secondary battery type fuel cell system reflecting one aspect of the present invention generates fuel gas by an oxidation reaction and covers fine particles of a fuel generating agent that can be regenerated by a reduction reaction, and the fine particles.
- a power generation function for generating power by a reaction between a gas-permeable insulating material, a fuel electrode, an oxidant gas containing oxygen, and a fuel gas supplied from the fuel generating agent, and the fuel generating agent during regeneration of the fuel generating agent
- a solid oxide fuel cell unit having an electrolysis function for electrolyzing the product of the reduction reaction supplied from the fuel, and the fine particles of the fuel generating agent covered with the gas-permeable insulating material The structure is arranged inside the pole.
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent are generated inside the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell unit, that is, the reaction field (three-phase) of the solid oxide type fuel cell unit. Near the interface). Therefore, reduction of the oxide catalyst contained in the fuel electrode material and aggregation with surrounding particles can be suppressed by reducing fine particles in an oxidized state of the fuel generating agent. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of the fuel electrode, and thus the secondary battery type fuel cell system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a secondary battery type fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the mode of the volume change by the oxidation reduction reaction of a fuel generating agent. It is a principal part perspective view of the secondary battery type fuel cell system concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the secondary battery type fuel cell system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the modification of the secondary battery type fuel cell system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. 5 of a modification of the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to this embodiment includes a fuel generating agent 1, a solid oxide fuel cell unit 2, a gas permeable insulating material 3, a fuel generating agent 1, and a solid oxide fuel cell unit. 2 and a container 4 for accommodating the gas-permeable insulating material 3.
- the fuel generating agent 1 is covered with a gas permeable insulating material 3 in the form of fine particles, and is disposed inside the fuel electrode 2B of the solid oxide fuel cell section 2.
- Examples of the method of making the fuel generating agent 1 into the form of fine particles include a method of crushing the particles by crushing using a ball mill or the like. Further, the surface area of the fine particles may be further increased by generating cracks in the fine particles by a mechanical method or the like, and the surface area of the fine particles is further increased by roughening the surface of the fine particles by acid treatment, alkali treatment, blasting, etc. It may be increased.
- the particle size of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 in the reduced state is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of reactivity.
- the minimum of the particle size in a reduction state is not specifically limited, A 0.01 micrometer or less thing can also be used.
- the average particle size in the reduced state of the fine particles is 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the gas-permeable insulating material 3 has a large number of pores for allowing gas to permeate, and the average pore size is formed to be smaller than the average particle size of the fine particles in the reduced state of the fuel generating agent 1. Further, it is preferable to form the gas permeable insulating material 3 so that the maximum pore diameter is smaller than the minimum particle diameter of the fine particles in the reduced state of the fuel generating agent 1. Thereby, the fine particles in the reduced state of the fuel generating agent 1 can be prevented from passing through the pores of the gas permeable insulating material 3 and coming into contact with the material of the fuel electrode 2B.
- the fuel generating agent 1 is a metal such as Fe, and if it comes into contact with the material of the fuel electrode 2B, it will affect the function of the fuel electrode 2B, so it needs to be insulated.
- the average pore diameter of the gas permeable insulating material 3 is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more in order to ensure sufficient gas permeability.
- a metal is used as a base material, and a metal or metal oxide is added to the surface thereof, and a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) is generated by an oxidation reaction with an oxidizing gas (for example, water vapor). Further, those that can be regenerated by a reduction reaction with a reducing gas (for example, hydrogen) can be used.
- the base metal include Ni, Fe, Pd, V, Mg, and alloys based on these, and Fe is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive and easy to process.
- the added metal include Al, Rh, Pd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, V, and Mo.
- the added metal oxide include SiO 2 and TiO 2 .
- the metal used as a base material and the added metal are not the same material.
- the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2 has an MEA structure (membrane / electrode assembly: Membrane Electrode Assembly) in which a fuel electrode 2B and an oxidant electrode 2C are bonded to both surfaces of a solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A. is there.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a structure in which only one MEA is provided, a plurality of MEAs may be provided, or a plurality of MEAs may be stacked.
- the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2 includes a power generation function for generating power by a reaction between an oxidant gas containing oxygen (for example, air) and a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) supplied from the fuel generating agent 1 and the fuel generating agent 1 It has an electrolysis function for electrolyzing the product (for example, water vapor) of the reduction reaction supplied from the fuel generating agent 1 during regeneration.
- an oxidant gas containing oxygen for example, air
- a fuel gas for example, hydrogen
- Power is supplied to an external load (not shown) connected to the fuel electrode 2B and the oxidant electrode 2C by the flow of electrons in the reactions of the equations (1) and (2).
- the oxygen ions pass through the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and reach the fuel electrode 2B.
- the series of reactions described above is repeated, and as can be seen from the above equation (1), H 2 is consumed and H 2 O is produced on the fuel electrode 2B side.
- H 2 O generated at the three-phase interface at the interface between the fuel electrode 2B and the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2 diffuses and gas permeability is increased. It passes through the insulating material 3 and reaches the fuel generating agent 1 covered with the gas permeable insulating material 3.
- the internal volume of the gas-permeable insulating material 3 covering the fine particles is equal to or larger than the volume in the oxidized state of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1.
- the gap between the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 is the volume of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1. Since it decreases with the increase, the movement of H 2 O that reacts with the fine particles in the reduced state of the fuel generating agent 1 is hindered by the volume change of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1, and the reactivity may decrease.
- the change from iron oxide to iron is advanced to increase the remaining amount of iron, that is, the fuel generating material 1 is regenerated, and the fuel electrode 2B of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2 and the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A consuming of H 2 supplied from the three-phase interface at the interface to generate of H 2 O, supplies of H 2 O to the fuel electrode 2B.
- the volume of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 changes during the charging of the system (the volume decreases during charging), but each fine particle of the fuel generating agent 1 is surrounded by the gas permeable insulating material 3. Therefore, the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are aggregated to reduce the surface area thereof, and the reactivity is not lowered.
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are arranged inside the fuel electrode 2B of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2, that is, near the reaction field (three-phase interface) of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2. Therefore, during charging, the oxide catalyst such as NiO contained in the fuel electrode material is reduced by the reducing gas and aggregates with surrounding particles. This can be suppressed by reducing the fine particles in the oxidized state of the fuel generating agent 1 that are more easily reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of the fuel electrode 2B, and hence the secondary battery type fuel cell system.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part of the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the present embodiment, and illustration of the lid 6 is omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the secondary battery type fuel cell according to this embodiment.
- the fuel electrode 2B is cylindrical, the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and the oxidant electrode 2C are respectively cylindrical, and the fuel electrode 2B and the solid oxide electrolyte membrane.
- blocks passage of gas is provided in the longitudinal direction (center axis direction) both ends of the secondary battery type fuel cell system which concerns on this embodiment, and it is formed of 2 A of solid oxide electrolyte membranes, and the cover body 6.
- the fuel electrode 2B is disposed in the sealed space.
- the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is also covered with the gas permeable insulating material 3 in the same manner as the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Since the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are arranged inside the fuel electrode 2B of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2, the same effects as those of the secondary battery type fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention are achieved.
- the fuel electrode 2B may be formed in a cylindrical shape in the same manner as the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and the oxidant electrode 2C.
- the fuel electrode 2B is formed in a cylindrical shape at the center portion of the lid 6 corresponding to the hollow portion of the fuel electrode 2B.
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 may be compressed and formed into pellet-like particles leaving a space that allows gas to pass, and a large number of these particles may be filled in the hollow portion of the fuel electrode 2B.
- the fine particles may be compressed and formed into a columnar shape with a space that allows gas to pass through and disposed in the hollow portion of the fuel electrode 2B.
- the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and the oxidant electrode 2C are formed outside the fuel electrode 2B.
- the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and the fuel electrode 2B are formed outside the oxidant electrode 2C. It may be formed.
- a container is provided that surrounds both ends in the longitudinal direction and the entire circumferential direction of the fuel electrode 2B, and is formed by the container and the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A.
- the fuel electrode 2B may be disposed in the sealed space and a flow path for supplying the oxidant gas to the oxidant electrode 2C may be provided.
- the fuel of the solid oxide fuel cell unit 2 is hydrogen, but a reducing gas other than hydrogen, such as carbon monoxide or hydrocarbon, may be used as the fuel of the fuel cell unit 2. Absent.
- the surface of the iron oxide fine particles 7 is covered with the gas permeable insulating material 3 (see FIG. 7A).
- a coating method of the gas permeable insulating material 3 for example, a method of attaching insulating nanoparticles to the surface of the iron oxide fine particles 7 or a non-dense insulating layer is directly deposited on the surface of the iron oxide fine particles 7 in a solution. The method etc. can be mentioned.
- the surface of the iron oxide fine particles 7 is subjected to a surface treatment for forming an organic material layer, and then covered with the gas permeable insulating material 3, and then subjected to a heat treatment.
- the gap can be provided between the iron oxide fine particles 7 and the gas permeable insulating material 3. Further, this heat treatment may be omitted, and the heat treatment may be removed in the mixture baking step described later.
- the material of the gas permeable insulating material 3 include aluminum oxide, silica, silica-alumina, mullite, cordierite, zirconia, stabilized zirconia, yttria stabilized zirconia, partially stabilized zirconia, alumina, magnesia, lanthanum calcium, Examples thereof include lanthanum chromite, lanthanum strontium, and porous glass.
- the fine particles used as the material for the fuel electrode 2B include, for example, a combination of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fine particles and NiO fine particles used as an oxide catalyst, or ceria-based fine particles obtained by substituting part of ceria (CeO 2 ) with Gd, Sm, or the like.
- NiO fine particles serving as an oxide catalyst a combination of NiO fine particles serving as an oxide catalyst, a lanthanum gallate fine particle obtained by substituting part of lanthanum gallate (LaGaO 3 ) with Sr or Mg, and a combination of NiO fine particles serving as an oxide catalyst.
- Ni—Pd alloy, Ni—Ag alloy, Ni—Mn alloy, Ni—Co alloy, Ni—Fe alloy, Ni—Cu alloy, Ni—Zn alloy can be used instead of NiO fine particles.
- An oxide of Ni alloy such as, an oxide of Co alloy such as Co—Cu alloy or Co—Ti alloy, or a ceramic material such as CeMnFeO can be used.
- the viscosity is adjusted by adding a solvent or the like to the mixture so as to be suitable for the method and apparatus used to form the fuel electrode 2B.
- the mixture can be adjusted by adding ethanol or toluene as a solvent so that printing can be performed by blade coating or the like, and the sheet can be formed by printing.
- the fuel electrode 2B having a cylindrical shape or a columnar shape is formed by using an extrusion device, the mixture is made into a clay shape.
- the adjusted mixture can be formed into a sheet shape, a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape, or the like by using a printing method or an extrusion device.
- the formed mixture includes iron oxide fine particles 7, gas permeable insulating material 3, particles that serve as the material of the fuel electrode 2B, a sacrificial material, a solvent 8 and the like. ing.
- the mixture formed into a sheet shape, a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape, etc. is dried and then fired.
- the solvent component and the sacrificial material component are vaporized, and the fuel electrode 2B containing the iron oxide fine particles 7 is obtained as shown in FIG. 7C.
- the reduction treatment is performed on the fuel electrode 2B containing the iron oxide fine particles 7.
- the method for the reduction treatment is not particularly limited.
- the reduction treatment there can be mentioned a method in which the fuel electrode 2B containing the iron oxide fine particles 7 is placed in a hydrogen atmosphere and heated.
- the iron oxide fine particles 7 are reduced to iron fine particles 9, and the iron fine particles 9 (an example of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1) are surrounded by the internal gas-permeable insulating material 3 as shown in FIG.
- the fuel electrode 2B disposed in the space 5 can be obtained.
- this reduction treatment may be performed by the manufacturer of the fuel generating agent 1, or the manufacturer performs the steps up to the firing step and receives the supply of the fuel generating agent 1 (for example, the fuel generating agent and the fuel cell unit). May be performed by a person who assembles the fuel cell system, a person who uses the fuel cell system, and the like.
- Fe 2 O 3 fine particles are used as the iron oxide fine particles.
- the fuel electrode 2B may be obtained in which the iron fine particles 9 (an example of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1) are disposed in the space 5 surrounded by the gas permeable insulating material 3 inside.
- the internal volume of the gas permeable insulating material 3 is larger than the volume of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 in the oxidized state.
- Fe 3 O 4 fine particles are used, the gas permeability is increased.
- the internal volume of the insulating material 3 becomes substantially the same as the volume of the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 in the oxidized state.
- Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fine particles and NiO fine particles were used as the fine particles used as the material for the fuel electrode 2B.
- Fe 2 O having a particle size of about 0.5 ⁇ m, the surface of which is coated with a YSZ fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, a NiO fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, and a gas-permeable insulating material 3 made of aluminum oxide.
- Three particles a polyvinyl butyral compound as a binder, acrylic powder or carbon powder as a pore-increasing agent, and water were mixed to obtain a clay-like mixture.
- the mixture was formed into a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 2.4 mm using an extrusion device.
- the formed mixture was dried at 50 ° C. for 10 hours, and then a solid oxide electrolyte membrane layer was formed on the cylindrical mixture.
- An appropriate amount of powdery yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), a polyvinyl butyral compound as a binder, and ethanol and toluene as solvents were added to obtain a slurry for a solid oxide electrolyte membrane.
- the slurry for solid oxide electrolyte membrane is coated on the cylindrical mixture by dip coating, a solid oxide electrolyte membrane layer is formed, and firing is performed, whereby the cylindrical fuel electrode 2B containing iron oxide fine particles is formed.
- a cylindrical body having a cylindrical solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A formed outside was obtained.
- a polyvinyl butyral compound as a binder and ethanol and toluene as solvents were added to powdered lanthanum manganite to obtain a slurry for an oxidizer electrode.
- the cylindrical body is coated with the oxidant electrode slurry by dip coating to form an oxidant electrode layer, and then fired in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the iron oxide fine particles contained in the fuel electrode 2B are reduced by firing in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the lid body 6 was bonded to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body to obtain a secondary battery type fuel cell system having the configuration shown in FIGS.
- the oxidant electrode layer is baked in an air atmosphere, and the lid 6 is bonded to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body, and then disposed in a sealed space formed by the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A and the lid 6.
- the reducing electrode may be supplied to the fuel electrode 2B using a gas inlet or the like that can be provided in the lid 6 to reduce the iron oxide fine particles contained in the fuel electrode 2B.
- the fuel electrode 2B has a cylindrical shape, the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are densely distributed inside the fuel electrode 2B, and the solid oxidation of the fuel electrode 2B is performed. 5 except that the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are coarse on the side close to the solid electrolyte membrane 2A and the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are dense on the side far from the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the fuel electrode 2B. And it is the same structure as the fuel cell system of the structure shown in FIG.
- the volume of the fuel generating agent 1 increases, which hinders gas flow. Therefore, if many fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are arranged on the side of the fuel electrode 2B close to the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A, the fuel generation arranged on the side of the fuel electrode 2B close to the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A is generated. There is a possibility that the gas may not reach the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 disposed on the far side of the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the fuel electrode 2B due to the oxidation of the fine particles of the agent 1. As shown in FIG.
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 are coarsened on the side close to the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the fuel electrode 2B, and the fuel generating agent on the side far from the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the fuel electrode 2B.
- the gas can be easily supplied to the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 disposed on the far side of the solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A of the fuel electrode 2B. It becomes easy to use the fine particles of the fuel generating agent 1 disposed uniformly.
- Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fine particles and NiO fine particles were used as the fine particles used as the material for the fuel electrode 2B.
- Fe 2 O having a particle size of about 0.5 ⁇ m, the surface of which is coated with a YSZ fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, a NiO fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, and a gas-permeable insulating material 3 made of aluminum oxide.
- Three particles, a polyvinyl butyral compound as a binder, acrylic powder or carbon powder as a pore-increasing agent, and water were mixed to obtain a clay-like mixture. The mixture was formed into a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 3 mm using an extrusion device.
- the formed mixture was dried at 50 ° C. for 10 hours, and then a fuel electrode layer and a solid oxide electrolyte membrane 2A having a low mixing ratio of Fe 2 O 3 fine particles were formed on the cylindrical mixture.
- Fe 2 O having a particle size of about 0.5 ⁇ m, the surface of which is coated with a YSZ fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, a NiO fine particle having a particle size of several hundred nm, and a gas-permeable insulating material 3 made of aluminum oxide.
- a suitable amount of 3 fine particles, a polyvinyl butyral compound as a binder, and ethanol and toluene as solvents were added to obtain a slurry for a fuel electrode having a lower mixing ratio of Fe 2 O 3 fine particles than the above mixture.
- the fuel electrode slurry was coated on the cylindrical mixture by dip coating to form a fuel electrode layer having a low mixing ratio of Fe 2 O 3 fine particles. Since the subsequent manufacturing method is the same as that of the first manufacturing example, description thereof is omitted.
- the secondary battery type fuel cell system described above includes a fuel generating agent fine particle that generates a fuel gas by an oxidation reaction and can be regenerated by a reduction reaction, a gas-permeable insulating material that covers the fine particle, and a fuel electrode, A power generation function for generating power by a reaction between an oxidant gas containing oxygen and a fuel gas supplied from the fuel generating agent, and electricity of the product of the reduction reaction supplied from the fuel generating agent during regeneration of the fuel generating agent A solid oxide fuel cell unit having an electrolysis function for performing decomposition, wherein the fine particles of the fuel generating agent covered with the gas permeable insulating material are disposed inside the fuel electrode (first Configuration).
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent are coarsely distributed inside the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell unit, and the solid oxide fuel A configuration in which the fine particles of the fuel generating agent are coarse on the side close to the electrolyte of the battery unit, and the fine particles of the fuel generating agent are dense on the side far from the electrolyte of the solid oxide fuel cell unit (second configuration) It is good.
- the method for manufacturing the secondary battery type fuel cell system described above includes a fine particle of a fuel generating agent that generates a fuel gas by an oxidation reaction and can be regenerated by a reduction reaction, an oxidizing gas that includes a fuel electrode and contains oxygen, and A power generation function for generating power by reaction with fuel gas supplied from the fuel generating agent, and an electrolysis function for electrolyzing the product of the reduction reaction supplied from the fuel generating agent during regeneration of the fuel generating agent
- a method of manufacturing a secondary battery type fuel cell system having a solid oxide fuel cell unit wherein a coating step of coating the surface of fine particles in an oxidized state of the fuel generating agent with a gas permeable insulating material, A mixture containing the fine particles, the surfaces of which are coated with a gas permeable insulating material, and the fuel electrode material is molded and then baked to form a mixture coated with the gas permeable insulating material.
- Microparticles of the fuel generator is configured to have a step of obtaining the fuel electrode
- a configuration (fourth configuration) may be provided that includes a reduction step of reducing the fine particles in an oxidized state in the fuel electrode obtained by the firing to a reduced state.
- the method includes a step of forming an organic material layer on the surface of fine particles in an oxidized state of the fuel generating agent (fifth step) before the covering step (fifth step). Configuration).
- the organic material layer may be removed by the baking (sixth configuration).
- a configuration in which the fine particles of the fuel generating agent in an oxidized state are Fe 3 O 4 or Fe 2 O 3 (seventh configuration) It is good.
- the fuel generating agent may be mainly composed of iron (eighth configuration).
- the fine particles of the fuel generating agent are inside the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell part, that is, solid oxidation. It is arranged near the reaction field (three-phase interface) of the physical fuel cell unit. Therefore, reduction of the oxide catalyst contained in the fuel electrode material and aggregation with surrounding particles can be suppressed by reducing fine particles in an oxidized state of the fuel generating agent. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of the fuel electrode, and thus the secondary battery type fuel cell system.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の第1実施形態に係る2次電池型燃料電池システムの概略構成を図1に示す。本実施形態に係る2次電池型燃料電池システムは、燃料発生剤1と、固体酸化物型燃料電池部2と、ガス透過性絶縁材3と、燃料発生剤1、固体酸化物型燃料電池部2、及びガス透過性絶縁材3を収容する容器4とを備えている。なお、固体酸化物型燃料電池部2の周辺には必要に応じて、温度を調節するヒーター等を設けてもよい。
H2+O2-→H2O+2e- …(1)
1/2O2+2e-→O2- …(2)
H2+1/2O2→H2O …(3)
4H2O+3Fe→4H2+Fe3O4 ・・・(4)
H2O→H2+1/2O2 …(5)
4H2+Fe3O4→3Fe+4H2O …(6)
本発明の第2実施形態に係る2次電池型燃料電池システムについて図3及び図4を参照して説明する。なお、図3及び図4において図1と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し詳細な説明を省略する。
なお、上述した第2実施形態では、燃料極2Bの外側に固体酸化物電解質膜2A及び酸化剤極2Cを形成したが、酸化剤極2Cの外側に固体酸化物電解質膜2A及び燃料極2Bを形成しても構わない。酸化剤極2Cの外側に固体酸化物電解質膜2A及び燃料極2Bを形成する場合、燃料極2Bの長手方向両端及び周方向全面を囲う容器を設け、当該容器及び固体酸化物電解質膜2Aによって形成される密閉空間に燃料極2Bを配置するとともに、酸化剤極2Cに酸化剤ガスを供給するための流路を設けるようにすればよい。
燃料発生剤1の微粒子が内部の空間5内に配置されている燃料極2Bの製造方法の一例について図7を参照して説明する。
ここでは、図5及び図6に示す構成の2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造例について説明する。燃料極2Bの材料となる微粒子としてイットリア安定化ジルコニア(YSZ)微粒子及びNiO微粒子を用いた。粒径が数百nmのYSZ微粒子と、粒径が数百nmのNiO微粒子と、酸化アルミニウムからなるガス透過性絶縁材3によって表面が被覆されている粒径が約0.5μmのFe2O3微粒子と、バインダであるポリビニルブチラール系化合物と、増孔剤であるアクリルパウダーやカーボンパウダーと、水とを混合して、粘土状の混合物を得た。その混合物を押し出し装置を用いて外形3mm、内径2.4mmの円筒状に形成した。
ここでは、図9に示す構成の2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造例について説明する。図9に示す構成の2次電池型燃料電池システムは、燃料極2Bが円柱状であり、燃料発生剤1の微粒子が燃料極2Bの内部に粗密に分布しており、燃料極2Bの固体酸化物電解質膜2Aに近い側で燃料発生剤1の微粒子が粗であり、燃料極2Bの固体酸化物電解質膜2Aに遠い側で燃料発生剤1の微粒子が密である点を除いて、図5及び図6に示す構成の燃料電池システムと同一の構造である。
以上説明した2次電池型燃料電池システムは、酸化反応により燃料ガスを発生し、還元反応により再生可能な燃料発生剤の微粒子と、前記微粒子を覆うガス透過性絶縁材と、燃料極を含み、酸素を含む酸化剤ガスと前記燃料発生剤から供給される燃料ガスとの反応により発電を行う発電機能及び前記燃料発生剤の再生時に前記燃料発生剤から供給される前記還元反応の生成物の電気分解を行う電気分解機能を有する固体酸化物型燃料電池部とを備え、前記ガス透過性絶縁材により覆われた前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が前記燃料極の内部に配置されている構成(第1の構成)である。
2 固体酸化物型燃料電池部
2A 固体酸化物電解質膜
2B 燃料極
2C 酸化剤極
3 ガス透過性絶縁材
4 容器
5 ガス透過性絶縁材によって囲まれている空間
6 蓋体
7 酸化鉄微粒子
8 燃料極2Bの材料となる粒子、犠牲材料、及び溶媒等
9 鉄微粒子
Claims (8)
- 酸化反応により燃料ガスを発生し、還元反応により再生可能な燃料発生剤の微粒子と、
前記微粒子を覆うガス透過性絶縁材と、
燃料極を含み、酸素を含む酸化剤ガスと前記燃料発生剤から供給される燃料ガスとの反応により発電を行う発電機能及び前記燃料発生剤の再生時に前記燃料発生剤から供給される前記還元反応の生成物の電気分解を行う電気分解機能を有する固体酸化物型燃料電池部とを備え、
前記ガス透過性絶縁材により覆われた前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が前記燃料極の内部に配置されていることを特徴とする2次電池型燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が前記固体酸化物型燃料電池部の燃料極内部に粗密に分布しており、前記固体酸化物型燃料電池部の電解質に近い側で前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が粗であり、前記固体酸化物型燃料電池部の電解質に遠い側で前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が密である請求項1に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システム。
- 酸化反応により燃料ガスを発生し還元反応により再生可能な燃料発生剤の微粒子と、燃料極を含み酸素を含む酸化剤ガスと前記燃料発生剤から供給される燃料ガスとの反応により発電を行う発電機能及び前記燃料発生剤の再生時に前記燃料発生剤から供給される前記還元反応の生成物の電気分解を行う電気分解機能を有する固体酸化物型燃料電池部とを有する2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法であって、
前記燃料発生剤の酸化状態にある微粒子の表面をガス透過性絶縁材により被覆する被覆工程と、
前記ガス透過性絶縁材により表面が被覆された前記微粒子と、前記燃料極の材料とを含む混合物を成形したのち焼成することにより、前記ガス透過性絶縁材により被覆された前記燃料発生剤の微粒子が内部に配置されている前記燃料極を得る工程とを有することを特徴とする2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。 - 前記焼成によって得られた前記燃料極において酸化状態にある前記微粒子を還元して還元状態にする還元工程を有する請求項3に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。
- 前記被覆工程の前に、前記燃料発生剤の酸化状態にある微粒子の表面に有機系材料層を形成する工程を有する請求項3または4に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。
- 前記焼成によって前記有機系材料層を除去する請求項5に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。
- 酸化状態にある前記燃料発生剤の微粒子は、Fe3O4またはFe2O3である請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システム又は2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。
- 前記燃料発生剤の主体が鉄である請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の2次電池型燃料電池システム又は2次電池型燃料電池システムの製造方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/437,698 US20150288018A1 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2013-10-11 | Secondary Battery Type Fuel Cell System And Manufacturing Process Therefor |
JP2014511004A JP5582273B1 (ja) | 2012-10-23 | 2013-10-11 | 2次電池型燃料電池システム及びその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012233721 | 2012-10-23 | ||
JP2012-233721 | 2012-10-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014065135A1 true WO2014065135A1 (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
Family
ID=50544515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/077708 WO2014065135A1 (ja) | 2012-10-23 | 2013-10-11 | 2次電池型燃料電池システム及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150288018A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5582273B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014065135A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2017135451A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-11-29 | Connexx Systems株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11501448A (ja) * | 1995-01-25 | 1999-02-02 | ウエスチングハウス・エレクトリック・コーポレイション | 電気化学的エネルギ変換貯蔵装置 |
WO2011040182A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
WO2013084733A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-13 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 燃料発生装置及びそれを備えた2次電池型燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4204033A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-05-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrical cell construction |
JP4594649B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-28 | 2010-12-08 | ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 | 水素発生媒体及び水素製造方法 |
US20120171586A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2012-07-05 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | Fuel Cell |
JP5242840B1 (ja) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-07-24 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 燃料電池セル |
-
2013
- 2013-10-11 WO PCT/JP2013/077708 patent/WO2014065135A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-10-11 US US14/437,698 patent/US20150288018A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-10-11 JP JP2014511004A patent/JP5582273B1/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11501448A (ja) * | 1995-01-25 | 1999-02-02 | ウエスチングハウス・エレクトリック・コーポレイション | 電気化学的エネルギ変換貯蔵装置 |
WO2011040182A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
WO2013084733A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-13 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 燃料発生装置及びそれを備えた2次電池型燃料電池システム |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2017135451A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-11-29 | Connexx Systems株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2014065135A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
JP5582273B1 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
US20150288018A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2016080019A1 (ja) | 固体酸化物型燃料電池用アノードおよびその製造方法、ならびに燃料電池用電解質層-電極接合体の製造方法 | |
US20130078535A1 (en) | Metal-air battery | |
JP5858049B2 (ja) | 燃料発生装置及びそれを備えた2次電池型燃料電池システム | |
JP6658754B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池、および電解質層−アノード接合体の製造方法 | |
US20130082421A1 (en) | Process for manufacturing elementary electrochemical cells for energy- or hydrogen-producing electrochemical systems, in particular of sofc and hte type | |
JPWO2009060752A1 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用の酸化ニッケル粉末材料とその製造方法、並びにそれを用いた燃料極材料、燃料極、及び固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
JP2009037874A (ja) | 中温作動固体酸化物形燃料電池の空気極支持形単セルの製造方法 | |
JP6370696B2 (ja) | セル構造体、電解質膜−電極接合体、および、燃料電池 | |
JP5284596B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物型電池 | |
WO2012133438A1 (ja) | 中低温高効率電気化学セル及びそれらから構成される電気化学反応システム | |
JP2005174662A (ja) | 単室型燃料電池 | |
JP5582273B1 (ja) | 2次電池型燃料電池システム及びその製造方法 | |
JP5293382B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極およびその製造方法 | |
WO2012157748A1 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池セル及び固体酸化物形燃料電池セルの製造方法 | |
JP6483509B2 (ja) | 空気電池用負極およびそれを用いた固体電解質型空気電池 | |
JP7107875B2 (ja) | 燃料極-固体電解質層複合体の製造方法 | |
JP2005174663A (ja) | 単室型燃料電池 | |
JP5729287B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2005019261A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極材料およびこの燃料極材料を用いた固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極 | |
JP5657399B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形電気化学セルの製造方法 | |
JP2005174664A (ja) | 固体電解質型燃料電池 | |
JP2011204568A (ja) | フラットチューブ型電気化学セル、電気化学モジュール及び電気化学反応システム | |
JP5489327B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物型電池の発電方法及び該発電方法を使用して発電する固体酸化物型電池 | |
KR102129651B1 (ko) | 고체 전해질 연료전지용 연료극 그린시트 및 고체 산화물 연료전지 | |
JP2023067440A (ja) | 高温水蒸気電解セル及びその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2014511004 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13849951 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14437698 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13849951 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |