WO2014051051A1 - 発泡性組成物 - Google Patents
発泡性組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014051051A1 WO2014051051A1 PCT/JP2013/076265 JP2013076265W WO2014051051A1 WO 2014051051 A1 WO2014051051 A1 WO 2014051051A1 JP 2013076265 W JP2013076265 W JP 2013076265W WO 2014051051 A1 WO2014051051 A1 WO 2014051051A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- mass
- parts
- foamable composition
- copolymer
- Prior art date
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- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002603 chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])Cl 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BGQJNGISTPIALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(prop-2-enyl)acetamide Chemical compound C=CCN(C(=O)C)CC=C BGQJNGISTPIALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJUWKNWIOVQEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(prop-2-enyl)benzamide Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WJUWKNWIOVQEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAKYZBMFCZISAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pt].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAKYZBMFCZISAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005671 trienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/142—Compounds containing oxygen but no halogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/026—Crosslinking before of after foaming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/12—Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/044—Micropores, i.e. average diameter being between 0,1 micrometer and 0,1 millimeter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/16—Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/05—Use of one or more blowing agents together
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a foamable composition
- a foamable composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene, ⁇ -olefin and non-conjugated diene, a foaming agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and a reaction inhibitor.
- foams seal parts that need to be protected from gas or liquid, sealing materials that seal the peripheral part of the housing, and shocks and shocks. It is used as a cushioning material.
- the foam is obtained by subjecting a resin composition mainly composed of an olefin resin and an elastomer to a foaming treatment.
- these foams include thermoplastic resin foams made of polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, etc., rubber foams made of synthetic rubber or natural rubber, and the like.
- the compression flexibility of the foam that is, the repulsive stress that the foam tries to recover from the compressed state depends on the material and usage conditions of the article in which the foam is used. Appropriately set appropriately and that the set repulsive stress and sealing performance can be maintained over the usable period of the article in which the foam is used.
- the foam since the density is low even if the sealing performance is good, for example, it is excessive when placed in a place where performance as a shock absorber is required. In some cases, sufficient impact absorbability could not be obtained for a large impact energy. Thus, the foam is desired to have further improved impact resistance even under severe dimensional constraints. Then, it aims at provision of the foamable composition which can manufacture the foam which is a low magnification foam, is low in compressive strength, and has high impact absorption.
- the present invention includes the following contents.
- a foamable composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene, ⁇ -olefin and non-conjugated diene, a foaming agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and a reaction inhibitor, and a storage elastic modulus at 23 ° C. measured by a viscoelasticity measuring device Is 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less, and the storage elastic modulus after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds is 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more.
- a foamable composition capable of producing a foam having a low magnification, a low compressive strength, and a high impact absorbability.
- a foamable composition according to an embodiment of the present invention is a foamable composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene, an ⁇ -olefin and a nonconjugated diene, a foaming agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and a reaction inhibitor.
- the storage elastic modulus at 23 ° C. measured with a viscoelasticity measuring device is 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less, and the storage elastic modulus after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds is 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more. It is characterized by that.
- the storage elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the foamable composition according to the present invention is 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less, and the storage elastic modulus after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds is 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa. That's it.
- the “storage modulus” is a value measured by a viscoelasticity measuring device “MCR-301” manufactured by Anton-Paar. This is a value obtained by measuring about 80 mg of the foamable composition as a measurement sample at an angular frequency of 1 (/ s), a swing angle of 1%, and a predetermined temperature.
- the storage elastic modulus is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 3 Pa or less.
- the lower limit is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 0 Pa, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 0 Pa.
- the storage elastic modulus after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds is less than 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, the foam tends to break, and the foam shrinks and the adjacent bubbles are integrated to make the bubbles coarse. There is a problem that a predetermined property cannot be obtained.
- the storage elastic modulus after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds is preferably 6 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 6 Pa, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 5 Pa.
- the copolymer constituting the foam obtained by using the foamable composition according to the present invention is a copolymer of ethylene, an ⁇ -olefin and a non-conjugated diene (hereinafter referred to as copolymer A), preferably It is a copolymer obtained by crosslinking these random copolymers.
- the ⁇ -olefin preferably has 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the ⁇ -olefin include propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1- Tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-nonadecene, 1-eicocene, 9-methyl-1-decene, 11-methyl-1-dodecene, 12-ethyl-1-tetradecene, etc.
- ⁇ -olefins having 3 to 10 carbon atoms are more preferable, and propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene are most preferably used. These ⁇ -olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use propylene.
- Non-conjugated dienes examples include a chain non-conjugated diene, an alicyclic non-conjugated diene, and a norbornene derivative represented by the following general formula [I]. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- n is an integer of 0 to 10
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. It is.
- chain non-conjugated diene examples include 1,4-hexadiene, 3-methyl-1,4-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,4-hexadiene, 5-methyl-1,4-hexadiene, 4,5 -Dimethyl-1,4-hexadiene, 7-methyl-1,6-octadiene and the like.
- cyclic non-conjugated diene examples include 5-methylene-2-norbornene, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-norbornene, 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-norbornene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, Examples include 5-isopropylidene-2-norbornene, 5-vinylidene-2-norbornene, 6-chloromethyl-5-isopropenyl-2-norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydroindene and the like.
- norbornene derivative represented by the general formula [I] include 5-vinyl-2-norbornene, 5- (2-propenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (3-butenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (1-methyl-2-propenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (4-pentenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (1-methyl-3-butenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (5-hexenyl)- 2-norbornene, 5- (1-methyl-4-pentenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (2-ethyl-3-butenyl)- 2-norbornene, 5- (6-heptenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (3-methyl-5-hexenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (3,4-dimethyl-4-penten
- 5-vinyl-2-norbornene 5- (2-propenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (3-butenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (4-pentenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (5-Hexenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (6-heptenyl) -2-norbornene and 5- (7-octenyl) -2-norbornene are preferred.
- These norbornene compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene is particularly preferred.
- the copolymer A is preferably a copolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a norbornene derivative.
- non-conjugated diene constituting the copolymer A examples include a chain-type non-conjugated diene, an alicyclic non-conjugated diene, and a norbornene derivative represented by the general formula [I], and 2,3-diisopropylidene.
- Non-conjugated polyenes such as triene such as -5-norbornene, 2-ethylidene-3-isopropylidene-5-norbornene, 2-propenyl-2,2-norbornadiene may be used. These can also be used with the non-conjugated dienes described above.
- the blending amount of ethylene in the copolymer A resin is preferably 20 to 80 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 70 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer.
- the blending amount of the ⁇ -olefin in the resin of the copolymer A is preferably 20 to 60 parts by mass, and more preferably 30 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer.
- the blending amount of the non-conjugated diene in the resin of the copolymer A is preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass and more preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer.
- the crosslinking agent used for forming the foam a compound showing compatibility or good dispersibility with respect to the copolymer A can be used.
- the non-conjugated diene component of the copolymer A is a norbornene derivative represented by the above general formula [I]
- the resin constituting the foam is preferably a resin obtained by crosslinking the copolymer A with a siloxane compound having a plurality of SiH groups in one molecule.
- Examples of the siloxane compound having two SiH groups in one molecule include the SiH group-containing compound (1) represented by the following general formula [II]. Examples of the siloxane compound having three SiH groups in one molecule include the SiH group-containing compound (2) represented by the following general formula [III].
- R 3 is a monovalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and is an unsubstituted or substituted saturated hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, which may be the same or different in one molecule, a is an integer of 0 to 20, b is an integer of 0 to 20, and R 4 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an oxygen atom.
- R 5 is a monovalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and is an unsubstituted or substituted saturated hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, which may be the same or different in one molecule
- a, b and c are each independently an integer of 0 to 20
- R 6 is a trivalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the SiH group-containing compound (1) having two SiH groups in one molecule represented by the above general formula [II] has SiH groups at both ends of the molecule, and has two SiH groups per molecule.
- specific examples of R 3 are methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, amyl group, cyclopentyl group, hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, chloromethyl group, 2- Examples include chloroethyl group, 3-chloropropyl group, phenyl group, phenylmethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylpropyl group and the like.
- a is an integer of 0 to 20
- b is an integer of 0 to 20.
- both a and b are 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, particularly preferably 2 or less, and most preferably a and b are equally 2 or less.
- the SiH group-containing compound (1) having two SiH groups in one molecule described above include siloxane compounds represented by the following formula.
- SiH group-containing compound (2) having three SiH groups in one molecule there can be mentioned a siloxane compound represented by the following formula.
- the blending amount of the crosslinking agent in the resin of the copolymer A is preferably 3 to 25 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer. More preferably, it is part by mass.
- the foaming agent foams well, and a predetermined void ratio and continuous void ratio can be formed.
- a foaming agent (also referred to as a foaming agent) is an organic solvent that is liquid at 23 ° C., has good dispersibility with respect to the copolymer, and can decompose or volatilize by heating to generate gas.
- the boiling point of the foaming agent is preferably 200 ° C. or less, and more preferably 150 ° C. or less.
- the organic solvent applicable as a foaming agent is not particularly limited as long as the organic solvent has an evaporation rate in the range of 0.5 to 8.0.
- the “evaporation rate” is a relative evaporation rate when the evaporation rate of n-butyl acetate at 25 ° C. is 1.0.
- the relative evaporation rate is less than 0.5, the crosslinking reaction is completed before foaming, which causes a problem that the foaming ratio is reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 8.0, the foaming speed becomes too fast and bubbles are broken.
- the relative evaporation rate when the evaporation rate of n-butyl acetate is 1.0 the value described in “Converting Technology Handbook” (2006, Processing Technology Study Group) is used.
- the blending amount of the foaming agent in the copolymer A is preferably 1 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer, and 5 to 10 parts by weight. It is more preferable that When the blending amount of the foaming agent is within this range, the void ratio of the foam can be 50 to 95 vol%, and the compressive strength can be reduced.
- blowing agent examples include, for example, chain or cyclic hydrocarbons such as butane, pentane, hexane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, cyclopentane, and cyclohexane, ketones such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, and methyl ethyl ketone, Esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene, nitrogen-containing compounds such as acetonitrile and NN dimethylformamide, methylene chloride, chloroform, and chlorofluorocarbon And halogens.
- chain or cyclic hydrocarbons such as butane, pentane, hexane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane,
- foaming agents may be used independently and 2 or more types may be used together.
- a solvent having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less it is preferable to use a solvent having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less, and methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and hexane are particularly preferable.
- the catalyst is not limited as long as it can be used as a catalyst for hydrosilylation reaction.
- chloroplatinic acid platinum olefin complex, platinum vinylsiloxane complex, platinum black, platinum triphenylphosphine complex, platinum carbonyl complex, platinum acetyl
- platinum catalysts such as acetate, palladium catalysts, rhodium catalysts, and the like.
- the platinum catalyst is preferably a 3% Pt-CTS-CTS solution (manufactured by NE Chemcat), Pt / 1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetra.
- the blending amount of the catalyst in the copolymer A resin is preferably 0.01 to 3.0 parts by mass, and 0.05 to 1.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer. Is more preferable. If the blending amount of the catalyst is within this range, the foam can be cured at a speed capable of forming the foam.
- reaction inhibitors include ethynyl such as benzotriazole, ethynylcyclohexanol, 2-ethynylisopropanol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, and phenylbutynol.
- Group-containing alcohols acetylene alcohols
- acrylonitrile N, N-diallylacetamide, N, N-diallylbenzamide, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraallyl-o-phthalic acid diamide, N, N, N ′
- Amide compounds such as N, N'-tetraallyl-m-phthalic acid diamide, N, N, N ', N'-tetraallyl-p-phthalic acid diamide, sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, amine compounds, sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds, tin Organic compounds such as tin compounds, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, hydroperoxide Product and the like.
- the reaction inhibitor is 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 3.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymer. It is used in the ratio.
- the content of the reaction inhibitor is 0.01 parts by mass or more, the speed of the crosslinking reaction can be suppressed, and the control of the reaction becomes easy. If it is 5.0 parts by mass or less, the production cost can be suppressed without excessively suppressing the speed of the crosslinking reaction.
- ⁇ Other additives examples include inorganic fillers, flame retardants, antioxidants, UV absorbers, antistatic agents, colorants, viscosity modifiers such as plasticizers, and the like.
- examples of the inorganic filler include light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, talc, and clay.
- the type and blending amount of these inorganic fillers can be appropriately selected depending on the use, but the content of the inorganic filler is 0 to 400 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymer. Part by mass, more preferably 30 to 70 parts by mass. It is preferable that the content of the inorganic filler is appropriately determined according to the required physical properties.
- the foam according to the present invention contains ethylene, a copolymer of ⁇ -olefin and a non-conjugated diene, a foaming agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and a reaction inhibitor, and has a storage elasticity at 23 ° C. measured with a viscoelasticity measuring device.
- a foamable composition having a modulus of 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less and a storage elastic modulus of 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more after holding the foamable composition at 115 ° C. for 200 seconds at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. Foamed and cross-linked.
- the foam obtained using the foamable composition according to the present invention has an average cell diameter of 10 to 250 ⁇ m. If the average cell diameter is 10 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, a foam with good thickness accuracy can be produced.
- the “average bubble diameter” is obtained by the following method. That is, the cross section of the foam is observed with a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technology Corporation, model number “S-3400N”), and is the average value of the diameters of 50 arbitrary bubbles.
- the thickness of the foam is preferably 0.07 to 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
- the void ratio refers to the ratio of the gas portion in the total volume of the foam.
- the void ratio of the foam can be measured, for example, in the following manner. A test piece having a flat square shape with a side of 5 cm and a constant thickness is cut out from the foam. The thickness of the test piece is measured, and the volume V 1 of the test piece and the weight W 1 of the test piece are measured. Next, the apparent volume V 2 occupied by the gas portion is calculated based on the following formula. The density of the resin constituting the test piece is ⁇ A (g / cm 3 ).
- void ratio ⁇ (apparent volume of gas portion V 2 ) / (volume of test piece V 1 ) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the void ratio of the foam obtained using the foamable composition according to the present invention is 50 to 95 vol%.
- the void ratio is less than 50 vol%, the compressive stress becomes excessively large, and the repulsive stress that tries to recover from the compressed state causes the member that sandwiches the foam to be lifted or the member is deformed.
- the void ratio exceeds 95 vol%, the flexibility becomes excessive and sufficient buffer performance cannot be obtained.
- the continuous porosity is the ratio of pores communicating from the foam surface toward the inside with respect to the entire void.
- the continuous porosity can be measured, for example, in the following manner. The specimen is submerged in distilled water at 23 ° C. to a depth of 100 mm from the water surface, and a pressure of 15 kPa is applied to the specimen for 3 minutes. Thereafter, the test piece is taken out of the water to remove the water adhering to the surface of the test piece, the weight W 2 of the test piece is measured, and the continuous porosity F 1 is calculated based on the following formula. Note that the independent porosity F 2 can be calculated from the continuous porosity.
- a foam having a continuous porosity of 40% or more obtained using the foamable composition according to the present invention can be obtained.
- the continuous porosity is less than 40%, the compressive stress becomes too large, and the rebound stress that tries to recover from the compressed state causes the member that sandwiches the foam to be lifted or the member is deformed.
- the strength at the time of 50% compression of the foam obtained using the foamable composition according to the present invention can be 100 kPa or less. If the strength at 50% compression is 100 kPa or less, it is possible to prevent the member sandwiching the foam from being lifted or deformed by the repulsive stress that the foam is to recover from the compressed state.
- strength at the time of 50% compression of a foam is measured by the method based on JISK6767.
- the impact pressure of the foam according to the embodiment of the present invention is measured through the foam when an iron weight having a mass of 55 g is dropped from a height of 1 m to the foam having a thickness compressed by 50%.
- the applied impact pressure is 25 MPa / cm 2 or less.
- the “impact pressure” is obtained based on the following shock absorption evaluation test (referred to as Sekisui method). That is, the foam cut to 2 cm in length and 2 cm in width is laminated so that the total thickness becomes 0.15 cm to obtain a foam sample.
- a step of forming a resin composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene, an ⁇ -olefin and a non-conjugated diene, the above-mentioned foaming agent, a crosslinking agent, and a liquid foaming agent; and a temperature at which the resin composition can be crosslinked. Heating.
- a copolymer of ethylene, ⁇ -olefin and non-conjugated diene, a crosslinking agent, and a liquid foaming agent are kneaded with a kneader such as a Banbury mixer or a pressure kneader.
- the resin composition is processed into a sheet by continuously conveying the mixture while kneading using a calendar, an extruder, a conveyor belt casting or the like.
- the resin composition processed into a sheet is heated to a temperature at which it can be crosslinked.
- the boiling point of the foaming agent is preferably lower than the temperature at which crosslinking can be performed by the crosslinking agent, and the boiling point of the foaming agent is preferably 200 ° C. or less.
- a foaming agent having a boiling point lower than the temperature capable of crosslinking pores can be formed in the heating step for crosslinking.
- the manufacturing method of a foam may have the process of extending
- the step of stretching the foam may be performed while being heated in the step of heating after being processed into a sheet shape.
- the foaming processing method can use a well-known method including the method described in the plastic foam handbook (Makihiro, Atsushi Kosaka edit Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun 1973).
- the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the storage elastic modulus was measured by a viscoelasticity measuring device “MCR-301” manufactured by Anton-Paar. About 80 mg of the foamable composition obtained by adding a foaming agent to the foamable composition was used as a measurement sample, and measurement was performed at an angular frequency of 1 (/ s), a swing angle of 1%, and a temperature of 23 ° C. Moreover, the storage elastic modulus after hold
- ⁇ Average bubble diameter> The average cell diameter was determined by observing the cross section of the foam with a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technology Co., Ltd., model number “S-3400N”), and calculating the average value of the diameters of 50 arbitrary cells.
- the void ratio is a flat square shape with a side of 5 cm and a constant thickness cut out from the foam, the thickness of the test piece is measured, and the volume V 1 of the test piece and the weight W 1 of the test piece are measured. did.
- the apparent volume V 2 occupied by the gas portion was calculated based on the following formula.
- the density of the resin constituting the test piece is ⁇ A (g / cm 3 ).
- Apparent volume of gas part V 2 (V 1 ⁇ ⁇ A ⁇ W 1 ) / ⁇
- Void ratio ⁇ (apparent volume of gas portion V 2 ) / (volume of test piece V 1 ) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Continuous porosity 100 ⁇ (W 2 ⁇ W 1 ) / V 2
- the “impact pressure” was determined based on the following impact absorbability evaluation test (referred to as Sekisui method). That is, the foam cut into 2 cm in length and 2 cm in width was laminated
- Sekisui method The “impact pressure” was determined based on the following impact absorbability evaluation test (referred to as Sekisui method). That is, the foam cut into 2 cm in length and 2 cm in width was laminated
- This evaluation sample was fixed to a jig having a space in the center, and an iron ball having a weight of 55 g was dropped from a height of 1 m toward the evaluation sample so that the largest impact force was applied to the center of the evaluation sample.
- the impact pressure was calculated by image-analyzing the pressure-sensitive paper using a pressure image analysis system (Fuji Film, Data Shot FPD-100). It can be said that the smaller the calculated pressure, the higher the shock absorption of the foam.
- ⁇ Production Example 2> instead of copolymer A, copolymer B was used. Further, a foam sheet was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the blending amount of the foaming agent A was 10 parts by mass, the blending amount of the crosslinking agent A was 16 parts by mass, and no plasticizer was used. The properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Production Example 3> A foam sheet was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that 7.5 parts by mass of foaming agent B was used as the foaming agent. The properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Production Example 8> A foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 5 except that the amount of the catalyst was 1.5 parts by mass and the amount of the reaction inhibitor was 3 parts by mass.
- ⁇ Production Example 9> A foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 2 except that the blending amount of the foaming agent A was 5 parts by mass and the blending amount of the inorganic filler was 20 parts by mass.
- ⁇ Comparative Production Example 1> The amount of foaming agent A is 7.5 parts by mass, the amount of platinum catalyst solution is 0.6 parts by mass, the amount of reaction inhibitor is 0.6 parts by mass, and the amount of inorganic filler is 100 parts by mass.
- a foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that no plasticizer was used. The properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Comparative Production Example 3> The amount of foaming agent A is 10 parts by mass, the amount of platinum catalyst solution is 0.6 parts by mass, the amount of reaction inhibitor is 0.6 parts by mass, and the amount of inorganic filler is 100 parts by mass.
- a foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the agent was not used. The properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- a sheet was obtained.
- the properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- a foaming agent 20 parts by mass of foaming agent C was used.
- a foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 2 except that the amount of the crosslinking agent A was 13.5 parts by mass and the inorganic filler was not added.
- the properties of the obtained foam sheet were evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Comparative Production Example 6> A foam sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 5 except that 5 parts by mass of the foaming agent E was used as the foaming agent.
- Ethylene / propylene / 5-vinyl-2-norbornene random copolymer “PX-062” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, number average molecular weight 3160, ethylene content 52.7 mass%, diene content 4.7 mass %, Complex viscosity at 25 ° C. 830 Pa ⁇ s (1 rpm) * 2: Ethylene / propylene / 5-vinyl-2-norbornene random copolymer, “PX-068” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, number average molecular weight 920, ethylene content 50 mass%, diene content 11 mass%, 25 ° C.
- Crosslinking agent B siloxane-based crosslinking agent (SiH group-containing compound represented by the following formula, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 were obtained from the foam sheets obtained based on the above Production Examples 1 to 9 and the foam sheets obtained on the basis of Comparative Production Examples 1 to 8, based on the above measurement method. Test specimens 8 to 8 were prepared, and the impact pressure measured through the 50% compressive strength and the foam sheet was measured by the above measuring method. The results are shown in Table 2.
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Abstract
Description
発泡体は、オレフィン系樹脂及びエラストマーを主成分とする樹脂組成物に発泡処理などを施すことによって得られる。これら発泡体として、例えば、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン系樹脂等からなる熱可塑性樹脂発泡体や、合成ゴム又は天然ゴムからなるゴム発泡体等が挙げられる。
発泡体をシール材又は緩衝材として使用する場合には、発泡体の圧縮柔軟性、すなわち発泡体が圧縮状態から回復しようとする反発応力が該発泡体が使用される物品の材質や使用条件に見合って適切に設定されていること、及び上記設定された反発応力やシール性能が該発泡体が使用される物品の使用可能期間に亘って維持できることなどが求められる。
このような狭いクリアランスの制約下で配置可能な発泡体の一例として、密度を0.01~0.20g/cm3として、平均気泡径を10~65μmとすることで衝撃性を向上させるとともに発泡体の厚さを0.1~1.0mmとした発泡体が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。この発泡体は、0.1~1.0mm以下の狭いクリアランスにも配置可能とされている。
そこで、低倍率の発泡体であって、かつ圧縮強度が小さく、高い衝撃吸収性を有する発泡体を製造可能な発泡性組成物の提供を目的とする。
本発明は、以下の内容を含む。
エチレンとα-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体、発泡剤、架橋剤、触媒、及び反応抑制剤を含む発泡性組成物であって、粘弾性測定装置で測定した23℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×104Pa以下であり、該発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa以上である。
本発明の実施形態に係る発泡性組成物は、エチレンとα-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体、発泡剤、架橋剤、触媒、及び反応抑制剤を含む発泡性組成物であって、粘弾性測定装置で測定した23℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×104Pa以下であり、該発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa以上であることを特徴とする。
<貯蔵弾性率>
本発明に係る発泡性組成物の23℃の貯蔵弾性率は、2×104Pa以下であり、発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率は、5×104Pa以上である。
ここで、「貯蔵弾性率」は、Anton-Paar社製、粘弾性測定装置「MCR-301」により測定される値である。発泡性組成物約80mgを測定サンプルとし、角周波数1(/s)、振り角1%、所定温度にて測定して得られる値である。
温度23℃での貯蔵弾性率が2×104Paを超えると、発泡性組成物を発泡剤により発泡させたときに、気泡の成長が阻害されるという問題がある。この観点から、貯蔵弾性率は、好ましくは、1×104Pa以下、より好ましくは、5×103Pa以下である。下限値は、1×100Paであることが好ましく、より好ましくは、5×100Paである。
また、発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa未満では、破泡し易く、発泡体の収縮や隣接気泡同士が一体化し気泡が粗大化してしまい、所定の性状が得られないという問題がある。この観点から、発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率は、好ましくは、6×104Pa以上であり、より好ましくは、1×105Pa以上である。上限値は、1×106Paであることが好ましく、より好ましくは、5×105Paである。
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体を構成する共重合体は、エチレン、α-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体(以下、共重合体Aと表す)、好ましくはこれらのランダム共重合体を架橋してなる共重合体である。
α-オレフィンの炭素数は、3~20であることが好ましい。α-オレフィンとしては、プロピレン、1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-ヘプテン、1-オクテン、1-ノネン、1-デセン、1-ウンデセン、1-ドデセン、1-トリデセン、1-テトラデセン、1-ペンタデセン、1-ヘキサデセン、1-ヘプタデセン、1-ノナデセン、1-エイコセン、9-メチル-1-デセン、11-メチル-1-ドデセン、12-エチル-1-テトラデセンなどが挙げられる。中でも、炭素原子数3~10のα-オレフィンがより好ましく、特にプロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ヘキセン、1-オクテンが最も好ましく用いられる。これらのα-オレフィンは、単独であるいは2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。これらのなかでも特に、プロピレンを用いることが好ましい。
非共役ジエンとしては、鎖式非共役ジエン、脂環式非共役ジエン、さらには、下記一般式[I]で表されるノルボルネン誘導体が挙げられる。これらは単独で、あるいは2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。
共重合体Aは、エチレンと、プロピレンと、ノルボルネン誘導体との共重合体であることが好ましい。
共重合体Aの樹脂中におけるエチレンの配合量は、共重合体100質量部に対して20~80質量部であることが好ましく、30~70質量部であることがより好ましい。
共重合体Aの樹脂中におけるαオレフィンの配合量は、共重合体100質量部に対して20~60質量部であることが好ましく、30~50質量部であることがより好ましい。
共重合体Aの樹脂中における非共役ジエンの配合量は、共重合体100質量部に対して2~30質量部であることが好ましく、3~20質量部であることがより好ましい。
発泡体の形成に用いられる架橋剤としては、共重合体Aに対して相溶性あるいは良分散性を示す化合物を用いることができる。特に、共重合体Aの非共役ジエン成分が、上述した一般式[I]で表されるノルボルネン誘導体である場合には、一分子中に複数のSiH基を有するシロキサン系化合物を用いることが好ましい。すなわち、発泡体を構成する樹脂は、共重合体Aを一分子中に複数のSiH基を有するシロキサン系化合物で架橋してなる樹脂であることが好ましい。
一分子中にSiH基を2個有するシロキサン系化合物としては、下記一般式[II]で表されるSiH基含有化合物(1)が挙げられる。また、一分子中にSiH基を3個有するシロキサン系化合物としては、下記一般式[III]で表されるSiH基含有化合物(2)が挙げられる。
一般式[II]中、R3は炭素数1~10の一価の基で、非置換あるいは置換の飽和炭化水素基または芳香族炭化水素基であり、1分子内で同種でも異種でもよく、aは0~20の整数であり、bは0~20の整数であり、R4は炭素数1~30の二価の有機基または酸素原子である。
一般式[III]中、R5は炭素数1~10の一価の基で、非置換あるいは置換の飽和炭化水素基または芳香族炭化水素基であり、1分子内で同種でも異種でもよく、a、b及びcはそれぞれ独立に0~20の整数であり、R6は炭素数1~30の三価の有機基である。
上述した一分子中にSiH基を2個有するSiH基含有化合物(1)の好ましい例としては、下記式で表されるシロキサン化合物が挙げられる。
発泡剤(発泡剤ともいう)は、23℃で液体の有機溶剤あって、共重合体に対して分散性がよく、加熱により分解又は揮発してガスを発生させるものが使用できる。発泡剤の沸点は、200℃以下であることが好ましく、150℃以下であることがより好ましい。発泡剤として適用可能な有機溶剤としては、蒸発速度が0.5~8.0の範囲にある有機溶剤であれば、特に限定されない。
ここで、「蒸発速度」とは、25℃における、酢酸n-ブチルの蒸発速度を1.0としたときの、相対蒸発速度である。相対蒸発速度が0.5未満であると、発泡前に架橋反応が完了してしまうため、発泡倍率が小さくなるという問題がある。また、8.0を超えると、発泡速度が速くなり過ぎて破泡してしまう。なお、酢酸n-ブチルの蒸発速度を1.0としたときの相対蒸発速度は、「コンバーティング・テクノロジー便覧」(2006年、加工技術研究会)記載の数値を使用した。
触媒としてはヒドロシリル化反応の触媒として用いられるものであれば限定されず、例えば、塩化白金酸、白金オレフィン錯体、白金ビニルシロキサン錯体、白金黒、白金トリフェニルフォスフィン錯体、白金カルボニル錯体、白金アセチルアセテート等の白金触媒やパラジウム触媒、ロジウム触媒、等が挙げられる。
白金触媒としては、好ましくは、3%Pt-CTS-CTS溶液(エヌ・イーケムキャット社製)、Pt/1,3,5,7-テトラビニル-1,3,5,7-テトラメチルシクロテトラシロキサン錯体、及び1,3,5,7-テトラビニル-1,3,5,7-テトラメチルシクロテトラシロキサンの混合物を用いることが好ましい。
共重合体Aの樹脂中における触媒の配合量は、共重合体100質量部に対して0.01~3.0質量部であることが好ましく、0.05~1.0質量部であることがより好ましい。触媒の配合量がこの範囲であれば、発泡体を形成可能な速度で硬化させることができる。
反応抑制剤としては、ベンゾトリアゾール、エチニルシクロヘキサノール、2-エチニルイソプロパノール、3-メチル-1-ブチン-3-オール、3,5-ジメチル-1-ヘキシン-3-オール、フェニルブチノール等のエチニル基含有アルコール類(アセチレンアルコール類)、アクリロニトリル、N,N-ジアリルアセトアミド、N,N-ジアリルベンズアミド、N,N,N’,N’-テトラアリル-o-フタル酸ジアミド、N,N,N’,N’-テトラアリル-m-フタル酸ジアミド、N,N,N’,N’-テトラアリル-p-フタル酸ジアミド等のアミド化合物、イオウ、リン、窒素、アミン化合物、イオウ化合物、リン化合物、スズ、スズ化合物、テトラメチルテトラビニルシクロテトラシロキサン、ハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物などが挙げられる。
反応抑制剤は、共重合体100質量部に対して、0.01~5.0質量部、好ましくは、0.05~3.0質量部、特に好ましくは0.1~0.5質量部の割合で用いられる。反応抑制剤の含有量が0.01質量部以上であると、架橋反応の速度を抑制でき、反応の制御が容易となる。5.0質量部以下であれば、架橋反応の速度を抑制しすぎることなく、製造コストを抑えることができる。
その他の添加剤としては、無機充填剤、難燃剤、酸化防止剤、UV吸収剤、帯電防止剤、着色剤、可塑剤などの粘度調整剤等が挙げられる。
無機充填剤としては、軽質炭酸カルシウム、重質炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレーなどが挙げられる。これらの無機充填剤の種類及び配合量は、その用途により適宜選択できるが、無機充填剤の含有量は、共重合体100質量部に対して、0~400質量部、好ましくは、10~150質量部、より好ましくは、30~70質量部である。無機充填剤の含有量は、要求される物性に応じて適宜決定することが好ましい。
本発明に係る発泡体は、エチレン、α-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体、発泡剤、架橋剤、触媒、及び反応抑制剤を含み、粘弾性測定装置で測定した23℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×104Pa以下であり、該発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa以上である発泡性組成物を、温度100~200℃で発泡し、架橋してなる。
<発泡体の平均気泡径>
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体では、平均気泡径が10~250μmのものが得られる。平均気泡径が10μm~250μmであれば、厚み精度の良好な発泡体を製造することができる。
ここで、「平均気泡径」とは、次の方法により求められたものである。すなわち、発泡体の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡((株)日立ハイテクノロジー製、型番「S-3400N」)で観察し、任意の気泡50個の直径の平均値である。
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体の厚みは、0.05~1.0mmであっても、要求される機械的強度と、柔軟性とを満足することができる。発泡体の厚みは、好ましくは、0.07~0.5mmであり、より好ましくは0.1~0.3mmとすることができる。
空隙割合とは、発泡体の全体積に占める気体部分の割合をいう。発泡体の空隙割合は、例えば、下記の要領で測定できる。
発泡体から、一辺が5cmの平面正方形状で、且つ一定厚みの試験片を切り出す。試験片の厚みを測定し、試験片の体積V1と試験片の重量W1とを測定する。
次に、気体部分の占める見かけ体積V2を下記式に基づいて算出する。なお、試験片を構成している樹脂の密度を、ρA(g/cm3)とする。
気体部分の見かけ体積V2=(V1・ρA-W1)/ρA
空隙割合={(気体部分の見かけ体積V2)/(試験片の体積V1)}×100
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体の空隙割合は、50~95vol%のものが得られる。空隙割合が50vol%未満であると、圧縮応力が大きくなり過ぎ、圧縮状態から回復しようとする反発応力により、発泡体を挟持する部材の浮き上がりや、部材の変形を招く。空隙割合が95vol%を超えると、柔軟性過多になり、十分な緩衝性能が得られない。
連続空隙率は、空隙全体に対する発泡体表面から内部に向けて連通する孔の割合をいう。連続空隙率は、例えば、下記の要領で測定できる。
試験片を23℃の蒸留水中に水面から100mmの深さに沈めて、試験片に15kPaの圧力を3分間に亘って加える。この後、試験片を水中から取り出して試験片の表面に付着した水分を除去し、試験片の重量W2を測定し、下記式に基づいて連続空隙率F1を算出する。なお、連続空隙率から、独立空隙率F2を算出することができる。
連続空隙率F1(%)=100×(W2-W1)/V2
独立空隙率F2(%)=100-F1
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体の連続空隙率は、40%以上のものが得られる。連続空隙率が40%未満であると、圧縮応力が大きくなり過ぎ、圧縮状態から回復しようとする反発応力により、発泡体を挟持する部材の浮き上がりや、部材の変形を招く。
本発明に係る発泡性組成物を用いて得られる発泡体の50%圧縮時の強度は、100kPa以下にすることができる。50%圧縮時の強度が100kPa以下であれば、発泡体が圧縮状態から回復しようとする反発応力によって発泡体を挟持する部材が浮き上がったり、部材が変形したりすることを防止できる。なお、発泡体の50%圧縮時の強度は、JIS K6767に準拠する方法で測定したものである。
本発明の実施形態に係る発泡体の衝撃圧力は、厚みを50%圧縮した状態の該発泡体に、高さ1mから質量55gの鉄製の錘を落下させたとき、該発泡体を介して計測される衝撃圧力が25MPa/cm2以下である。
ここで、「衝撃圧力」は、次の衝撃吸収性評価試験(積水法という)に基づいて求められたものである。すなわち、縦2cm、横2cmにカットした発泡体を、合計の厚さが0.15cmとなるように積層して発泡体サンプルとする。
縦6cm、横6cm、厚さ2mmの鉄板と、縦2cm、横2cmにカットした感圧紙(富士フィルム社製、プレスケール中圧用)と、上記発泡体サンプルと、縦6cm、横6cm、厚さ1mmの鉄板とを、この順番に下から積層する。
さらに、発泡体サンプルの厚みが50%となるまで圧縮した状態で四隅を固定し、評価サンプルとする。この評価サンプルを中央に空間の空いた治具に固定し、評価サンプルの中央に最も大きな衝撃力が加わるように、評価サンプルの一番上に位置する鉄板に向けて、高さ1mから重さ55gの錘を落下させる。衝撃圧力は、このとき、感圧紙に記録された圧力のことを指す。衝撃圧力は、圧力画像解析システム(富士フィルム社製、Data Shot FPD-100)を用いて、感圧紙を画像解析して算出される。
<製造方法>
エチレンとα-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体と、上述の発泡剤と、架橋剤と、液体の発泡剤とを含む樹脂組成物を形成する工程と、樹脂組成物を架橋できる温度に加熱する工程と、を有する。
樹脂組成物を形成する工程では、エチレン、α-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体と、架橋剤と、液体の発泡剤とをバンバリーミキサー、加圧ニーダなどの混練機で混練する。この後、カレンダー、押出機、コンベアベルトキャスティングなどを用いて混練しながら連続的に搬送することにより樹脂組成物をシート状に加工する。
加熱する工程では、シート状に加工された樹脂組成物を架橋できる温度に加熱する。
発泡剤の沸点は、架橋剤によって架橋できる温度よりも低いことが好ましく、発泡剤の沸点は、200℃以下であることが好ましい。架橋できる温度よりも低い沸点の発泡剤を用いることにより、架橋のための加熱工程において孔を形成できる。
なお、樹脂組成物を架橋した後、発泡剤を発泡させるための加熱工程を実行してもよい。あるいは、発泡剤を発泡させる加熱工程を実行した後、架橋のための加熱工程を実行してもよい。
発泡体の製造方法は、発泡体を延伸する工程を有していてもよい。発泡体を延伸する工程は、シート状に加工された後、加熱する工程において、加熱しながら実行されてもよい。
また、発泡処理方法は、プラスチックフォームハンドブック(牧広、小坂田篤編集 日刊工業新聞社発行 1973年)に記載されている方法を含め、公知の方法を用いることができる。
[測定方法]
<貯蔵弾性率>
貯蔵弾性率は、Anton-Paar社製、粘弾性測定装置「MCR-301」により測定した。発泡性組成物に発泡剤を添加してなる発泡性組成物約80mgを測定サンプルとし、角周波数1(/s)、振り角1%、温度23℃にて測定した。また、この発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率を同様に測定した。
平均気泡径は、発泡体の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡((株)日立ハイテクノロジー製、型番「S-3400N」)で観察し、任意の気泡50個の直径の平均値を求めた。
空隙割合は、発泡体から、一辺が5cmの平面正方形状で、且つ一定厚みの試験片を切り出し、試験片の厚みを測定し、試験片の体積V1と試験片の重量W1とを測定した。気体部分の占める見かけ体積V2を下記式に基づいて算出した。ここで、試験片を構成している樹脂の密度を、ρA(g/cm3)とする。
気体部分の見かけ体積V2=(V1・ρA-W1)/ρA
空隙割合={(気体部分の見かけ体積V2)/(試験片の体積V1)}×100
連続空隙率は、試験片を23℃の蒸留水中に水面から100mmの深さに沈めて、試験片に15kPaの圧力を3分間に亘って加えた後、試験片を水中から取り出して試験片の表面に付着した水分を除去し、試験片の重量W2を測定し、下記式に基づいて算出した。
連続空隙率F1(%)=100×(W2-W1)/V2
実施例及び比較例の発泡体の試験片を用い、JIS K6767に準拠する方法で測定した。
「衝撃圧力」は、次の衝撃吸収性評価試験(積水法という)に基づいて求めた。すなわち、縦2cm、横2cmにカットした発泡体を、合計の厚さが0.15cmとなるように積層して発泡体サンプルとした。
縦6cm、横6cm、厚さ2mmの鉄板と、縦2cm、横2cmにカットした感圧紙(富士フィルム社製、プレスケール中圧用)と、上記発泡体サンプルと、縦6cm、横6cm、厚さ1mmの鉄板とを、この順番に下から積層した。
さらに、発泡体サンプルの厚みが50%となるまで圧縮した状態で四隅を固定し、評価サンプルとした。この評価サンプルを中央に空間の空いた治具に固定し、重さ55gの鉄球を高さ1mから評価サンプルの中央に最も大きな衝撃力が加わるように評価サンプルに向けて落下させた。衝撃圧力は、圧力画像解析システム(富士フィルム社製、Data Shot FPD-100)を用いて、感圧紙を画像解析して算出した。算出した圧力が小さいサンプルほど、発泡体の衝撃吸収性が高いことがいえる。
<製造例1>
第1表に示す配合処方により、共重合体A、架橋剤A、白金触媒、反応抑制剤、無機充填剤として炭酸カルシウム、及び可塑剤を混合し、遊星式攪拌装置(シンキー社製、製品名「あわとり練太郎」)により3分間撹拌した後、1分間脱泡処理を施し、混合溶液を得た。また、混合溶液に発泡剤Aを添加するとともに撹拌することにより、発泡性組成物を得た。
片面に離型処理を施した厚み50μmのPETシートの離型処理を施した面に、得られた発泡性組成物を厚み100μmになるように塗布した。続いて、塗布された発泡性組成物に、片面に離型処理を施した厚み50μmの別のPETシートの離型処理施した面が接するように配置し、積層体を得た。この積層体を、115℃のオーブンで180秒間加熱した。オーブンから取り出した後、一方のPETシートを剥離し、再度115℃のオーブンで25分間乾燥した。
これにより、発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
共重合体Aの代わりに、共重合体Bを用いた。また、発泡剤Aの配合量を10質量部、架橋剤Aの配合量を16質量部として、可塑剤を用いなかったこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを作製した。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<製造例3>
発泡剤として発泡剤Bを7.5質量部を用いた以外は製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを作製した。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<製造例4>
発泡剤として発泡剤Dを20質量部用いたこと以外は、製造例2と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<製造例5>
無機充填剤を添加せず、可塑剤を用いなかったこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<製造例6>
架橋剤として架橋剤Bの配合量を11質量部とした以外は製造例2と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<製造例7>
触媒の配合量を0.1質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を0.2質量部とした以外は製造例5と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<製造例8>
触媒の配合量を1.5質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を3質量部とした以外は製造例5と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<製造例9>
発泡剤Aの配合量を5質量部、無機充填剤の配合量を20質量部とした以外は製造例2と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
発泡剤Aの配合量を7.5質量部、白金触媒溶液の配合量を0.6質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を0.6質量部、無機充填剤の配合量を100質量部とし、可塑剤を用いなかったこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<比較製造例2>
白金触媒溶液の配合量を0.6質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を0.6質量部、無機充填剤の配合量を100質量部とし、可塑剤を用いなかったこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<比較製造例3>
発泡剤Aの配合量を10質量部、白金触媒溶液の配合量を0.6質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を0.6質量部、無機充填剤の配合量を100質量部とし、可塑剤を用いなかったこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<比較製造例4>
発泡剤Aの配合量を5質量部、白金触媒溶液の配合量を0.6質量部、反応抑制剤の配合量を0.6質量部とした以外は、製造例2と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<比較製造例5>
発泡剤として発泡剤Cを20質量部を用いた。また、架橋剤Aの配合量を13.5質量部とし、無機充填剤を配合しなかったこと以外は、製造例2と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。得られた発泡体シートの性状を上述の方法にて評価した。結果を第2表に示す。
<比較製造例6>
発泡剤として発泡剤Eを5質量部用いた以外は、製造例5と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<比較製造例7>
反応抑制剤の配合量を6質量部とした以外は、製造例5と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
<比較製造例8>
架橋剤として架橋剤Aを1質量部用いた以外は、製造例5と同様にして発泡体シートを得た。
*2:エチレン・プロピレン・5-ビニル-2-ノルボルネンランダム共重合体、三井化学社製「PX-068」、数平均分子量920、エチレン含有量50質量%、ジエン含有量11質量%、25℃における複素粘度10Pa・s(1rpm)
*3:発泡剤A、メチルエチルケトン(蒸発速度3.7)
*4:発泡剤B、トルエン(蒸発速度2.0)
*5:発泡剤C、ヘキサン(蒸発速度7.2)
*6:発泡剤D、キシレン(蒸発速度0.76)
*7:発泡剤E、ジエチルエーテル(蒸発速度11)
*8:架橋剤A、シロキサン系架橋剤(下記式で表されるSiH基含有化合物、信越化学社製)
*11:アセチレンアルコール(X93-1036、信越化学社製)
*12:炭酸カルシウム(ホワイトンSB赤、白石カルシウム社製)
*13:可塑剤、パラフィンオイル(フレシアS-32、出光興産株式会社製)
上述した製造例1~9に基づいて得られた発泡体シート、及び比較製造例1~8に基づいて得られた発泡体シートから上記測定方法に基づいて、実施例1~9、比較例1~8の試験片を作製し、50%圧縮強度、及び発泡体シートを介して測定される衝撃圧力を上記測定方法により測定した。結果を第2表に示す。
第2表に示す実施例1~9、比較例1~8の試験結果から、製造例1~9によれば、50%圧縮強度が小さく、かつ衝撃圧力が小さく衝撃吸収性能に優れた発泡体のシートが得られることがわかった。
Claims (6)
- エチレンとα-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体、発泡剤、架橋剤、触媒、及び反応抑制剤を含む発泡性組成物であって、
粘弾性測定装置で測定した23℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×104Pa以下であり、該発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa以上である発泡性組成物。 - 前記架橋剤が、1分子中にSiH基を少なくとも2個有する架橋剤である請求項1記載の発泡性組成物。
- 前記共重合体100質量部に対し、前記架橋剤3~25質量部、前記触媒0.01~3.0質量部、前記反応抑制剤0.01~5.0質量部を含む請求項1又は2に記載の発泡性組成物。
- 23℃で液体である有機溶剤を発泡剤として含む請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の発泡性組成物。
- 25℃における酢酸n-ブチルの蒸発速度を1.0とした場合の前記発泡剤の相対蒸発速度が0.5~8.0である有機溶剤である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の発泡性組成物。
- エチレン、α-オレフィンと非共役ジエンとの共重合体、発泡剤、架橋剤、触媒、及び反応抑制剤を含み、粘弾性測定装置で測定した23℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×104Pa以下であり、該発泡性組成物を115℃に200秒保持した後の貯蔵弾性率が5×104Pa以上である発泡性組成物を、温度100~200℃で発泡し、架橋してなる発泡体。
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JP2014070174A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 発泡体 |
JP2015231012A (ja) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-21 | Dic株式会社 | 熱伝導シート、物品及び電子部材 |
WO2021187442A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-09-23 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 非フッ素共重合体組成物および紙用耐油剤 |
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KR102553549B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-04 | 2023-07-10 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 다중-비닐 환형 실록산 개선된 에틸렌/알파-올레핀/디엔 혼성중합체 기재 조성물 |
GB2621936B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2024-08-21 | Tensar Int Corporation | Horizontal mechanically stabilizing geogrid with improved geotechnical interaction |
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