WO2013191065A1 - マンガン含有膜の形成方法 - Google Patents
マンガン含有膜の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013191065A1 WO2013191065A1 PCT/JP2013/066264 JP2013066264W WO2013191065A1 WO 2013191065 A1 WO2013191065 A1 WO 2013191065A1 JP 2013066264 W JP2013066264 W JP 2013066264W WO 2013191065 A1 WO2013191065 A1 WO 2013191065A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- manganese
- film
- gas
- forming
- compound gas
- Prior art date
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 362
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 332
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 328
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 298
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)silane;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- DEIHRWXJCZMTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[CH]1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Mn].[CH]1C=CC=C1 DEIHRWXJCZMTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 diketone manganese compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QKOHYQVZNLEAJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethylidenemanganese Chemical compound O=C=[Mn] QKOHYQVZNLEAJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIIPNAJXERMYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN(C)C NIIPNAJXERMYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QPPXVAKYONTQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].CCC(=O)C(C)=O.CCC(=O)C(C)=O.CCC(=O)C(C)=O Chemical compound [Mn].CCC(=O)C(C)=O.CCC(=O)C(C)=O.CCC(=O)C(C)=O QPPXVAKYONTQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CENDTHIEZAWVHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;cyclopenta-1,3-diene;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 CENDTHIEZAWVHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZEQULAUHMHQWLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese pentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound [Mn].C(C)C(=O)C(=O)C ZEQULAUHMHQWLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 52
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012697 Mn precursor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMGMAOIYXASREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C1(C=CC=C1)[Mn]C1(C=CC=C1)CC Chemical compound C(C)C1(C=CC=C1)[Mn]C1(C=CC=C1)CC NMGMAOIYXASREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002438 flame photometric detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45553—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the use of precursors specially adapted for ALD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
- C23C16/18—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metallo-organic compounds
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a manganese-containing film.
- a diffusion prevention film (hereinafter referred to as a barrier layer) that prevents diffusion of Cu and to reduce the combined resistance of the barrier layer and the Cu wiring.
- the barrier layer is formed using a PVD method (sputtering method).
- the CVD method has a better step coverage of the recess than the PVD method, and is attracting attention as a new method for forming a barrier layer.
- the manganese oxide film formed by using the CVD method has good step coverage with respect to a fine groove even when the thickness is small, and exhibits high barrier properties.
- the film-forming temperature of a manganese oxide film shall be 100 degreeC or more and less than 400 degreeC, and adhesiveness with Cu on it will become favorable.
- the barrier layer made of a manganese oxide film described in Patent Document 2 shows a certain degree of adhesion to Cu, generally, oxide cannot be said to have good adhesion to Cu, and is not good for the groove. Although step coverage is good and high barrier properties are exhibited, there is room for improvement in adhesion with Cu.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a manganese-containing film capable of improving the adhesion with Cu.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a method for forming a manganese-containing film formed between a base and a copper film, wherein a manganese compound gas and a reaction gas containing nitrogen are reacted to contain nitrogen on the base
- a process of forming a manganese film and a reaction between a manganese compound gas and a reducing reaction gas, a thermal decomposition reaction of the manganese compound gas, or a decomposition reaction of the manganese compound gas by irradiation with energy or active species A method of forming a manganese-containing film comprising: forming a metal manganese film on the nitrogen-containing manganese film.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a method for forming a manganese-containing film formed between a base and a copper film, wherein a manganese compound gas and oxygen supplied from the base are reacted to form a manganese-containing film on the base.
- a process of forming a manganese oxide film or a manganese silicate film, and a reaction between the manganese compound gas and the reducing reaction gas, or a thermal decomposition reaction of the manganese compound gas, or irradiation of the manganese compound gas with energy or active species And a step of forming a metal manganese film on the manganese oxide film or on the manganese silicate film by a decomposition reaction.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a method for forming a manganese-containing film formed between a base and a copper film, wherein a manganese compound gas and a reducing reaction gas are reacted, or a manganese compound gas
- a process of forming a metal manganese film on the substrate by causing a decomposition reaction of the manganese compound gas by irradiation of energy or active species, and a reaction of the manganese compound gas with a reaction gas containing nitrogen.
- a method of forming a manganese-containing film comprising: forming a nitrogen-containing manganese film on the metal manganese film.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for forming a manganese-containing film formed between a base and a copper film, wherein a manganese compound gas and oxygen supplied from the base are reacted to form a manganese-containing film on the base.
- a step of forming a manganese oxide film or a manganese silicate film is reacted with a manganese compound gas and a reaction gas containing nitrogen to form a nitrogen-containing manganese film on the manganese oxide film or on the manganese silicate film.
- a method for forming a manganese-containing film is a method for forming a manganese-containing film.
- the manganese compound gas is a cyclopentadienyl manganese compound gas, a carbonyl manganese compound gas, a beta diketone manganese compound gas, an amidinate manganese compound gas, and an amidoaminoalkane manganese. It is preferably selected from any of compound gases.
- the metal manganese film is formed using an ALD method in which the manganese compound gas and the reducing reaction gas are alternately supplied with a purge interposed therebetween
- the nitrogen-containing manganese film may be formed using an ALD method in which the manganese compound gas and the reaction gas containing nitrogen are alternately supplied with a purge interposed therebetween. preferable.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1E is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2E is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first to fourth embodiments is applied.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first to fourth embodiments is applied.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first to fourth embodiments is applied.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional
- FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first to fourth embodiments is applied.
- FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first to fourth embodiments is applied.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a film forming system capable of executing the method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a manganese CVD apparatus.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing vapor pressures of water (H 2 O) and ammonia (NH 3 ).
- First Embodiment> 1A to 1E are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- TEOS is supplied as a source gas
- a silicon oxide film 101 is formed on the silicon substrate 100 by a CVD method.
- the silicon oxide film 101 is, for example, an insulating film that functions as an interlayer insulating film.
- the silicon oxide film 101 is a film that serves as a base on which a manganese-containing film is formed (base film).
- the insulating film functioning as an interlayer insulating film is not limited to the silicon oxide film (SiO 2 ) 101, but a silicon-containing insulating film (Low-k film) having a relative dielectric constant lower than that of SiO 2 such as SiOC and SiOCH. ) May be used. Furthermore, a porous Low-k film having pores may be used. This also applies to all the embodiments described below. In the description of the embodiment, the periphery of the transistor, that is, FEOL (Front The process of End of Line) is omitted.
- FEOL Front The process of End of Line
- a manganese compound gas and a reactive gas containing nitrogen are supplied onto the silicon oxide film 101 and reacted with each other to form a nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 by a CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas and a reducing reaction gas are supplied onto the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102, and these are reacted to form a metal manganese film 103 by a CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas is supplied onto the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 and thermally decomposed to form the metal manganese film 103 by the CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas is supplied onto the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 and is decomposed by irradiation with energy or active species to form the metal manganese film 103 by a CVD method.
- manganese-containing film 104 and metal manganese film 103 form the manganese-containing film 104 of this embodiment.
- ⁇ (A1) ammonia (NH 3) gas ⁇ (a2) hydrazine (NH 2 NH 2) Gas ⁇ (a3) amine (described by the formula NR 1 R 2 R 3) Gas ⁇ (a4) hydrazine derivative (generally A gas (described by the formula R 1 R 2 NNR 3 R 4 ) can be used preferably.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are hydrocarbon groups.
- (a3) amine gas ⁇ Methylamine (CH 3 NH 2 ) gas... Primary amine ⁇ Ethylamine (C 2 H 5 NH 2 ) gas... Primary amine ⁇ Dimethylamine ((CH 3 ) 2 NH) gas... Secondary amine ⁇ Trimethylamine ((CH 3 ) 3 N) gas: tertiary amines and the like can be mentioned.
- methyl hydrazine has an advantage that it has a boiling point of about 87 ° C. and has a relatively high vapor pressure, so that it can be easily supplied.
- methyl hydrazine is a safer organic substance than hydrazine and is easily decomposed. Therefore, methylhydrazine is a substance that can be one of effective nitrogen sources in the practice of the present invention.
- R is an alkyl group described by —C n H 2n + 1 (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- R, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl groups described by —C n H 2n + 1 (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- Z is an alkylene group described by —C n H 2n — (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- Examples of the (c1) cyclopentadienyl manganese compound gas include: -Bis (alkylcyclopentadienyl) manganese gas etc. can be mentioned.
- (c2) carbonyl-based manganese compound gas Decacarbonyl 2 manganese (Mn 2 (CO) 10 ) gas Methylcyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl manganese ((CH 3 C 5 H 4 ) Mn (CO) 3 ) gas Cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl manganese ((C 5 H 5 ) Mn (CO) 3 ) gas, methylpentacarbonyl manganese ((CH 3 ) Mn (CO) 5 ) gas, 3- (t-BuAllyl) Mn (CO) 4 gas, and the like.
- (c3) beta diketone manganese compound gas Bis (dipivaloylmethanato) Manganese (Mn (C 11 H 19 O 2) 2) Gas tris (dipivaloylmethanato) Manganese (Mn (C 11 H 19 O 2) 3) Gas-bis (pentane Dione) Manganese (Mn (C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 2 ) Gas • Tris (pentanedione) Manganese (Mn (C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 3 ) Gas • Bis (hexafluoroacetyl) manganese (Mn (C 5 HF 6 O 2 ) 2 ) Gas • Tris (hexafluoroacetyl) manganese (Mn (C 5 HF 6 O 2 ) 3 ) gas and the like can be mentioned.
- amidinate manganese compound gas -Bis (N, N'-dialkylacetamidinate) manganese gas and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the (c5) amidoaminoalkane-based manganese compound gas include: Bis (N, N′-1-alkylamido-2-dialkylaminoalkane) manganese gas and the like can be mentioned.
- the amidoaminoalkane-based manganese compound gas forms the metal manganese film 103 at a low temperature of 250 to 300 ° C. (for example, 250 ° C.). It is preferable because it can be formed into a film.
- the deposition temperature of the metal manganese film 103 is 400 to 450 when (c1) cyclopentadienyl manganese compound gas, for example, bis (ethylcyclopentadienyl) manganese gas ((EtCp) 2 Mn) is used. ° C.
- (c4) amidinate manganese compound gas is used, the deposition temperature of the metal manganese film 103 is 350 to 400 ° C.
- the reaction gas containing nitrogen described in the above (a1) to (a4) is used. Therefore, when the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 is formed, the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 can be formed at a temperature lower than that of the metal manganese film 103 when any of the gases described in (c1) to (c5) is used. it can.
- a manganese compound gas and a reactive gas containing nitrogen or a reducing reactive gas are alternately supplied with a purge in place of the CVD method.
- An ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method may be used. By using the ALD method, surface coverage and surface reaction are performed, so that the step coverage (coverage) is improved, and even if the film thickness is small, it becomes a continuous film and can be formed at a lower temperature.
- Step 1 Adsorption of manganese compound (Mn precursor) by manganese compound gas (supplying manganese compound gas) -Process 2 ... Purge (vacuum purge or inert gas purge) -Step 3 ... Decomposition of the adsorbed manganese compound (Mn precursor)-Step 4 ... Purge (vacuum purge or inert gas purge)
- Step 1 Adsorption of manganese compound (Mn precursor) by manganese compound gas (supplying manganese compound gas) -Process 2 ... Purge (vacuum purge or inert gas purge) -Step 3 ... Decomposition of the adsorbed manganese compound (Mn precursor)-Step 4 ... Purge (vacuum purge or inert gas purge)
- Step 2 Adsorption of manganese compound (Mn precursor) by manganese compound gas (supplying manganese compound gas) -Process 2 ... Purge (vacuum purge or inert gas purge) -
- a reaction gas containing nitrogen such as NH 3 gas is supplied to the surface of the silicon oxide film 101 on which the manganese compound is adsorbed. Thereby, the adsorbed manganese compound is decomposed, and nitrogen-containing manganese is left on the surface of the silicon oxide film 101.
- Step 3 a reducing reaction gas such as H 2 gas is supplied to the surface of the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 on which the manganese compound is adsorbed. As a result, the adsorbed manganese compound is decomposed, leaving manganese on the surface of the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102.
- the reaction gas containing nitrogen may be switched from a midway to a reducing reaction gas.
- the timing for switching from the reactive gas containing nitrogen to the reducing reactive gas may be appropriately determined according to the required film thicknesses of the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 and the metal manganese film 103.
- step 3 instead of a reactive gas containing nitrogen such as NH 3 gas or a reducing reactive gas such as H 2 gas, it is also possible to use decomposition by irradiation of energy or active species.
- a reactive gas containing nitrogen such as NH 3 gas or a reducing reactive gas such as H 2 gas
- Plasma H plasma generated by remote plasma etc.
- Radicals H radicals generated by heating filaments, NH 2 radicals, etc.
- Ion Ion ⁇ Electron etc.
- the silicon oxide film 101 is exposed to the plasma generation region from the viewpoint that only the Mn precursor needs to be decomposed and that damage to the underlying, for example, the silicon oxide film 101 is to be avoided. It is preferable to use a technique that can avoid the above. A method using remote plasma or a heating filament is preferable in this respect.
- the decomposition method it is preferable to use properly depending on the type of film to be deposited and the film formation temperature. For example, when it is desired to deposit the metal manganese film 103, decomposition by a reducing reactive gas or decomposition by irradiation of energy or active species is selected. Further, a reducing reaction gas may be combined with energy or active species irradiation. Further, when it is desired to deposit the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102, decomposition by a reactive gas containing nitrogen is selected. Furthermore, it is good also as combining the reactive gas containing nitrogen, and irradiation of energy or active species. According to decomposition by irradiation with energy or active species, the metal manganese film 103 and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 can be formed at a lower temperature.
- a copper film 105 is formed on the metal manganese film 103 by using a PVD method, for example, a sputtering method.
- a PVD method for example, a sputtering method.
- heat treatment at the time of forming the copper film 105 or by annealing after the copper film 105 is formed manganese in the metal manganese film 103 diffuses into the copper film, and as shown in FIG.
- the film 105 changes to a copper film 107 in which manganese is diffused. Further, oxygen or the like diffuses from the silicon oxide film 101 to the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102.
- manganese is diffused and manganese oxide film 108 formed by oxidizing manganese exposed on the surface of copper film 107 is laminated.
- the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 functions as a barrier film that suppresses diffusion of copper from the copper film 105 into the silicon oxide film 101, and the metal manganese film 103 is It functions as an adhesion layer with the copper film 105.
- the metals are adjacent to each other, and a manganese oxide film is used as the manganese-containing film, and a copper film is formed thereon, The adhesion between the copper film 105 and the manganese-containing film 104 is improved.
- Incubation time can be shortened by using ammonia gas or hydrazine gas as a reaction gas when forming the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 on the silicon oxide film 101 as the base film, and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 Can be formed as a continuous film.
- the metal manganese film 103 is formed on the silicon oxide film 101 by a CVD method, the manganese-containing film 104 is easily formed by the presence of the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102. It can be reliably formed as a continuous film.
- the nitrogen-containing manganese film 102 and the metal manganese film 103 are formed as described above.
- the film can be formed at a low temperature.
- ⁇ Second Embodiment> 2A to 2E are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- TEOS is supplied as a source gas, and a silicon oxide film 101 serving as a base film is formed on the silicon substrate 100 by a CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas is supplied onto the silicon oxide film 101 to form a manganese oxide film 110 by an ALD method or a CVD method.
- the manganese oxide film 110 may be partially silicated or may be a manganese silicate film.
- the manganese oxide film 110 can be formed by using the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-242187. That is, as the manganese compound gas, for example, a cyclopentadienyl-based manganese compound such as bis (alkylcyclopentadienyl) manganese represented by the general formula Mn (RC 5 H 4 ) 2 is used, and is 100 ° C. or higher and lower than 400 ° C.
- the film is formed.
- R is an alkyl group described by —C n H 2n + 1 (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- oxygen that oxidizes manganese, and silicon and oxygen that silicate-convert manganese are supplied from the silicon oxide film 101.
- the oxygen supplied from the silicon oxide film 101 includes oxygen derived from moisture contained in the silicon oxide film 101 (physically adsorbed water and chemically adsorbed water).
- a manganese compound gas and a reducing reaction gas are supplied onto the manganese oxide film 110 and reacted to react with each other by the ALD method or Metal manganese film 111 is formed by CVD.
- a manganese compound gas is supplied onto the manganese oxide film 110 and subjected to a thermal decomposition reaction to form the metal manganese film 111 by the ALD method or the CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas is supplied onto the manganese oxide film 110 and is decomposed by irradiation with energy or active species to form the metal manganese film 111 by the ALD method or the CVD method.
- These manganese oxide film 110 and metal manganese film 111 form the manganese-containing film 112 of this embodiment.
- the reducing reactive gas used when forming the metal manganese film 111, the energy source, and the active species are preferably the same as those described in the first embodiment. Can be used.
- the manganese compound gas used when forming the manganese oxide film 110 and the metal manganese film 111 the same one as described in the first embodiment is preferably used. it can.
- the type of Mn precursor used for film formation it is easy to react with oxygen supplied from the substrate (for example, derived from water), easy to react with a reducing reactive gas in a low temperature region, and thermal decomposition. It is possible to select appropriately depending on the ease of reaction, and the type of Mn precursor may be changed during film formation as necessary. For example, when the film formation temperature is 250 ° C.
- the manganese oxide film 110 is formed by the reaction between the cyclopentadienyl manganese compound and oxygen supplied from the silicon oxide film 101.
- the metal manganese film 111 can be formed by thermal decomposition reaction of an amidoaminoalkane-based manganese compound gas.
- the manganese-containing film 112 of this embodiment can be formed by sequentially supplying a plurality of types of Mn precursors having different decomposition reaction characteristics without changing the film formation temperature.
- an ALD method may be used instead of the CVD method.
- the ALD method surface coverage and surface reaction are performed, so that the step coverage (coverage) is improved, and even if the film thickness is small, it becomes a continuous film and can be formed at a lower temperature.
- a copper film 105 is formed on the metal manganese film 111 by using a PVD method, for example, a sputtering method.
- a PVD method for example, a sputtering method.
- heat treatment during the formation of the copper film 105 or by annealing after the copper film 105 is formed manganese in the metal manganese film 111 is diffused into the copper film 105 as in the first embodiment.
- the copper film 105 changes to a copper film 107 in which manganese is diffused.
- a silicon oxide film 101 a manganese oxide (manganese silicate) film 114, a copper film 107 in which manganese is diffused, and manganese diffuses on the surface side of the copper film 107 as a final structure.
- the manganese oxide film 108 formed by oxidizing manganese exposed on the surface of the copper film 107 is laminated.
- the manganese oxide film 110 functions as a barrier film that suppresses copper diffusion
- the metal manganese film 111 functions as an adhesion layer of the copper film 105.
- the manganese oxide film 110 formed on the silicon oxide film 101 using a cyclopentadienyl manganese compound gas is a continuous film that is continuous in a layered manner.
- the metal manganese film 111 is formed on the silicon oxide film 101 by the CVD method, the manganese-containing film 112 is surely formed by the presence of the manganese oxide film 110 although the film is likely to be scattered in an island shape due to aggregation of the metal manganese. It can be formed as a continuous film.
- the manganese-containing film 112 is made of metal manganese. Compared with the case of the single-layer structure, the amount of manganese diffusing into the copper film 105 can be reduced. For this reason, an increase in the resistance value of the copper film 107 due to a large amount of diffusion of manganese can be suppressed.
- the metal manganese film 111 can be formed at a relatively low temperature as described above.
- 3A to 3D are sectional views showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- TEOS is supplied as a source gas, and a silicon oxide film 101 is formed on the silicon substrate 100 by a CVD method.
- a manganese compound gas and a reducing reaction gas are supplied onto the silicon oxide film 101 and reacted to form a metal manganese film 120 by the ALD method or the CVD method.
- the ALD method is preferable from the viewpoint of forming a continuous film. That is, when the metal manganese film 120 is formed on the silicon oxide film 101 by the CVD method, it tends to be a film scattered in islands due to the aggregation of the metal manganese, but a continuous film is formed by using the ALD method. Can do.
- a manganese compound gas may be supplied onto the silicon oxide film 101 and decomposed by irradiation with energy or active species to form the metal manganese film 120 by the ALD method or the CVD method.
- a nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 is formed on the metal manganese film 120 by an ALD method or a CVD method using a manganese compound gas and a reaction gas containing nitrogen.
- the metal manganese film 120 is formed by the ALD method, it is preferable to switch the reducing reaction gas to a reaction gas containing nitrogen and subsequently form the nitrogen-containing manganese film by the ALD method. That is, a manganese compound gas and a reaction gas containing nitrogen are alternately supplied with a purge interposed therebetween.
- These manganese metal film 120 and nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 form the manganese-containing film 122 of this embodiment.
- the same as those described in the first embodiment can be suitably used.
- the reactive gas containing nitrogen used when forming the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 the same one as described in the first embodiment is preferably used. it can.
- the same manganese compound gas as that described in the first embodiment is preferably used for forming the metal manganese film 120 and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121. Can be used.
- a copper film 105 is formed on the manganese-containing film 122 by using a PVD method, for example, a sputtering method.
- a silicon oxide film 101, a manganese silicate film 123, a nitrogen-containing manganese film 121, A copper film 125 in which manganese is slightly diffused in copper is laminated.
- the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 and the annealed manganese silicate film 123 serve as a barrier layer that suppresses copper diffusion.
- the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 functions as an adhesion layer with the copper film 125.
- the film in contact with the copper film 105 is not a metal manganese film but a nitrogen-containing manganese film 121. For this reason, the amount of manganese that can diffuse into the copper film 105 is small compared to the first and second embodiments in which the film in contact with the copper film 125 is a metal manganese film, and the surface of the copper film 105 In the first and second embodiments, the formed manganese oxide film is not formed or hardly formed.
- a manganese oxide film is used as the manganese-containing film, and compared with the case where the copper film 105 is formed thereon, the copper film 105 and the manganese-containing film are included. Adhesion with the film 122 is improved.
- the surface undergoes surface adsorption and surface reaction as compared with the case where the metal manganese containing film is formed using the CVD method. Therefore, the step coverage (coverage property) is improved, and even if the film thickness is small, it becomes easy to form a continuous film, and the manganese-containing film 122 can be easily formed as a continuous film that is layered.
- the metal manganese film 120 and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 can be made at a relatively low temperature. A film can be formed.
- ⁇ Fourth Embodiment> 4A to 4D are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for forming a manganese-containing film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- TEOS is supplied as a source gas, and a silicon oxide film 101 serving as a base film is formed on the silicon substrate 100 by a CVD method.
- a manganese oxide film 130 is formed on the silicon oxide film 101 by supplying a manganese compound gas by an ALD method or a CVD method.
- the manganese oxide film 130 may be partially silicated.
- the manganese oxide film 130 is formed using a Mn precursor having a property of reacting with water.
- a Mn precursor having a property of reacting with water an amidoaminoalkane-based manganese compound described by the general formula Mn (R 1 NZ—NR 2 2 ) 2 can be given.
- R 1 and R 2 are alkyl groups described by —C n H 2n + 1 (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- Z is an alkylene group described by —C n H 2n — (n is an integer of 0 or more).
- bis (N, N′-1-alkylamido-2-dialkylaminoalkane) manganese gas is used as the manganese compound gas, and the film is formed at 100 ° C. to 250 ° C. (for example, 200 ° C.).
- oxygen that oxidizes manganese, and silicon and oxygen that silicate-convert manganese are supplied from the silicon oxide film 101.
- the oxygen supplied from the silicon oxide film 101 includes oxygen derived from moisture contained in the silicon oxide film 101 (physically adsorbed water and chemically adsorbed water).
- the manganese oxide film 130 is formed using oxygen supplied from the base. For this reason, it is preferable not to change the type of the Mn precursor from the one having the property of reacting with water to the one having the property of not reacting with water during the formation of the manganese oxide film 130.
- a manganese compound gas and a reactive gas containing nitrogen are supplied onto the manganese oxide film 130 and reacted to form a nitrogen-containing manganese film 131 by the ALD method or the CVD method.
- the same gas as described in the first embodiment can be suitably used. .
- reaction gas containing nitrogen used when forming the nitrogen-containing manganese film 131 is preferably the same as that described in the first embodiment. it can.
- a copper film 105 is formed on the manganese-containing film 132 by using a PVD method, for example, a sputtering method.
- the silicon oxide film 101, the manganese oxide film 130, the nitrogen-containing manganese film 131, and the like are formed on the silicon substrate 100 by heat during the formation of the copper film 105 or by annealing after the copper film is formed.
- a copper film 125 in which manganese is slightly diffused in copper is laminated.
- the manganese oxide film 130 and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 131 serve as a barrier layer that suppresses copper diffusion. Further, the nitrogen-containing manganese film 131 functions as an adhesion layer with the copper film 125.
- the film in contact with the copper film 105 is the nitrogen-containing manganese film 121 as in the third embodiment.
- the manganese oxide film formed in the first and second embodiments is not formed or hardly formed on the surface of the copper film 125.
- the manganese oxide film 130 formed on the silicon oxide film 101 using the amidoaminoalkane-based manganese compound gas becomes a continuous film that is continuous in layers. Due to the presence of the manganese oxide film 130, the manganese-containing film 132 can be reliably formed as a continuous film.
- a manganese oxide film is used as the manganese-containing film, and compared with the case where the copper film 105 is formed thereon, the copper film 105 and the manganese-containing film are included. Adhesion with the film 132 is improved.
- the manganese oxide film 130 and the nitrogen-containing manganese film 131 are made at a relatively low temperature. A film can be formed.
- 5A to 5D are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- a silicon oxide film 201 is formed on the silicon substrate 100 as a first interlayer insulating film.
- a trench 202 for embedding wiring is formed in the silicon oxide film 201.
- a first layer copper wiring 204 is embedded in the trench 202 through a barrier film 203.
- a cap film 205 is formed on the upper surface of the silicon oxide film 201 and the upper surface of the copper wiring 204.
- a silicon oxide film 206 is formed as a second-layer interlayer insulating film.
- a trench 207 for embedding wiring is also formed in the silicon oxide film 206.
- a via hole 208 reaching the first layer copper wiring 204 is formed at the bottom of the groove 207.
- the silicon oxide film 201, 206 is not limited to SiO 2, SiOC, SiOCH, etc.
- the dielectric constant may be used a low Si-containing insulating film as compared to SiO 2 (Low-k film).
- a porous Low-k film having pores may be used.
- the barrier film 203 not only a manganese-containing film such as manganese oxide or manganese silicate but also metal tantalum, tantalum nitride, metal titanium, titanium nitride, or the like can be used.
- the cap film 205 may be made of not only a manganese-containing film such as manganese oxide or manganese silicate but also SiC, SiN, or SiCN.
- the process around the transistor, that is, the FEOL (Front End of Line) process is omitted.
- manganese is formed on the silicon oxide film 206 and a part of the copper wiring 204 exposed at the bottom of the via hole 208 by the method of any of the first to fourth embodiments.
- a containing film 209 is formed.
- a copper film 212 is formed on the manganese-containing film 209 by using a PVD method, for example, a sputtering method.
- a PVD method for example, a sputtering method.
- two steps of forming a copper seed layer by a sputtering method and depositing a copper film by an electrolytic plating method may be performed. Due to heat during the formation of the copper film 212 or annealing after the formation of the copper film 212, manganese in the portion of the manganese-containing film 209 formed on the silicon oxide film 206 is diffused into the copper film 212 and copper.
- a diffusion layer 213 is formed on a part or the whole of the film 212, and a film 215 made of a nitrogen-containing manganese film, a manganese oxide film or a manganese silicate film is formed on the silicon oxide film 206 side.
- the manganese in the portion formed on 204 diffuses into the copper film 212 and the copper wiring 204, and a diffusion layer 213 is formed in part or all of them.
- the manganese-containing film 209 formed on the copper wiring 204 includes a metal manganese film, and even if manganese oxide is included, the manganese-containing film 209 is a part of the manganese oxide film 209. Does not exist or only a few remain. Note that a manganese oxide film may be formed on the surface of the copper film 212 depending on the diffusion amount of manganese.
- the copper film 212, the diffusion layer 213, and the film 215 are removed by polishing, for example, to leave only the copper film 212 embedded in the groove 207 and the via hole 208. Thereby, the second layer copper wiring is formed.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing an example of such a film forming system.
- This example is used for manufacturing a semiconductor device as an example of a film forming system.
- a film forming system that performs a film forming process on a silicon wafer (hereinafter referred to as a wafer) as a substrate is illustrated.
- the present invention is not limited to the formation of a manganese film on a wafer.
- the film forming system 1 includes a processing unit 2 that performs processing on the wafer W, a loading / unloading unit 3 that loads the wafer W into and out of the processing unit 2, and a control unit that controls the film forming system 1. 4 is provided.
- the film forming system 1 according to this example is a cluster tool type (multi-chamber type) semiconductor manufacturing apparatus.
- the processing unit 2 includes four processing chambers (PM; process modules) for processing the wafer W (processing chambers 21a to 21d). Each of these processing chambers 21a to 21d is configured so that the inside can be depressurized to a predetermined degree of vacuum.
- processing chamber 21a as a pretreatment for the wafer W, degassing by heating, removal of natural copper oxide by hydrogen annealing, modification of the underlying surface by irradiation with plasma and ions (specifically, porous low ⁇
- the k film is irradiated with plasma and ions to narrow the pores, and the manganese compound gas is prevented from permeating into the low-k film.
- a manganese-containing film forming process is performed as a film forming process on the wafer W, and in the processing chamber 21c, a PVD film forming process of copper or copper alloy, for example, a sputtering process is performed.
- a heat treatment for silicate formation and manganese diffusion for example, trace oxygen annealing is performed.
- the processing chambers 21a to 21d are connected to one transfer chamber (TM; transfer module) 22 via gate valves Ga to Gd.
- the loading / unloading unit 3 includes a loading / unloading chamber (LM; loader module) 31.
- the carry-in / out chamber 31 is configured to be capable of adjusting the inside to atmospheric pressure or almost atmospheric pressure, for example, slightly positive pressure with respect to the outside atmospheric pressure.
- the plane shape of the carry-in / out chamber 31 is a rectangle having a long side when viewed from the plane and a short side perpendicular to the long side. The long side of the rectangle is adjacent to the processing unit 2.
- the loading / unloading chamber 31 includes a load port (LP) to which a substrate C to be processed in which a wafer W is accommodated is attached.
- LP load port
- load ports 32 a, 32 b, and 32 c are provided on the long side of the loading / unloading chamber 31 facing the processing unit 2.
- the number of load ports is three, but the number is not limited to these, and the number is arbitrary.
- Each of the load ports 32a to 32c is provided with a shutter (not shown). When a wafer C storing or empty carrier C is attached to these load ports 32a to 32c, the shutter (not shown) is released. The inside of the carrier C and the inside of the carry-in / out chamber 31 are communicated with each other while preventing the entry of outside air.
- a load lock chamber (LLM; load lock module), in this example, two load lock chambers 26a and 26b are provided.
- Each of the load lock chambers 26a and 26b is configured to be able to switch the inside to a predetermined degree of vacuum and atmospheric pressure or almost atmospheric pressure.
- the load lock chambers 26a and 26b are connected to one side of the loading / unloading chamber 31 opposite to the side where the load ports 32a to 32c are provided via the gate valves G3 and G4, and are transferred via the gate valves G5 and G6.
- the chamber 22 is connected to two sides other than the four sides to which the processing chambers 21a to 21d are connected.
- the load lock chambers 26a and 26b communicate with the loading / unloading chamber 31 by opening the corresponding gate valve G3 or G4, and are disconnected from the loading / unloading chamber 31 by closing the corresponding gate valve G3 or G4. Further, the corresponding gate valve G5 or G6 is opened to communicate with the transfer chamber 22, and the corresponding gate valve G5 or G6 is closed to be shut off from the transfer chamber 22.
- a loading / unloading mechanism 35 is provided inside the loading / unloading chamber 31.
- the loading / unloading mechanism 35 loads / unloads the wafer W with respect to the substrate carrier C to be processed.
- the wafer W is carried into and out of the load lock chambers 26a and 26b.
- the carry-in / out mechanism 35 includes, for example, two articulated arms 36 a and 36 b and is configured to be able to travel on a rail 37 extending along the longitudinal direction of the carry-in / out chamber 31.
- Hands 38a and 38b are attached to the tips of the articulated arms 36a and 36b.
- the wafer W is placed on the hand 38a or 38b, and the loading / unloading of the wafer W described above is performed.
- the transfer chamber 22 is configured as a vacuum container, for example, a vacuum container. Inside the transfer chamber 22 is provided a transfer mechanism 24 for transferring the wafer W to and from the processing chambers 21a to 21d and the load lock chambers 26a and 26b, while being isolated from the atmosphere. The wafer W is transferred.
- the transport mechanism 24 is disposed substantially at the center of the transport chamber 22.
- the transport mechanism 24 has, for example, a plurality of transfer arms that can rotate and extend. In this example, for example, two transfer arms 24a and 24b are provided. Holders 25a and 25b are attached to the ends of the transfer arms 24a and 24b.
- the wafer W is held by the holder 25a or 25b, and as described above, the wafer W is transferred to the processing chambers 21a to 21d and the load lock chambers 26a and 26b.
- the control unit 4 includes a process controller 41, a user interface 42, and a storage unit 43.
- the process controller 41 is composed of a microprocessor (computer).
- the user interface 42 includes a keyboard on which an operator inputs commands to manage the film forming system 1, a display that visualizes and displays the operating status of the film forming system 1, and the like.
- the storage unit 43 causes the film forming system 1 to execute processing in accordance with a control program for realizing processing performed in the film forming system 1 under the control of the process controller 41, various data, and processing conditions.
- Recipe is stored.
- the recipe is stored in a storage medium in the storage unit 43.
- the storage medium can be read by a computer, and can be, for example, a hard disk or a portable medium such as a CD-ROM, a DVD, or a flash memory. Moreover, you may make it transmit a recipe suitably from another apparatus via a dedicated line, for example.
- Arbitrary recipes are called from the storage unit 43 by an instruction from the user interface 42 and executed by the process controller 41, whereby processing for the wafer W is performed under the control of the process controller 41.
- the manganese-containing film deposition apparatus is used in the processing chamber 21b in this example.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a manganese-containing film CVD apparatus.
- the manganese-containing film CVD apparatus 50 has a processing chamber 21b.
- a placing table 51 for placing the wafer W horizontally is provided in the processing chamber 21b.
- a heater 51a serving as a temperature control means for the wafer is provided in the mounting table 51.
- the mounting table 51 is provided with three lifting pins 51c (only two are shown for convenience) which can be moved up and down by a lifting mechanism 51b.
- the wafer transport means and the mounting table 51 (not shown) are provided via the lifting pins 51c. The wafer W is transferred between the two.
- One end side of an exhaust pipe 52 is connected to the bottom of the processing chamber 21b, and a vacuum pump 53 is connected to the other end side of the exhaust pipe 52.
- a transfer port 54 that is opened and closed by a gate valve G is formed in the side wall of the processing chamber 21b.
- a gas shower head 55 facing the mounting table 51 is provided on the ceiling of the processing chamber 21b.
- the gas shower head 55 includes a gas chamber 55a, and the gas supplied to the gas chamber 55a is supplied into the processing chamber 21b from a plurality of gas discharge holes 55b.
- a manganese compound gas supply piping system 56 for introducing a manganese compound gas into the gas chamber 55a is connected to the gas shower head 55.
- the manganese compound gas supply piping system 56 includes a gas supply path 56a, and a valve 56b, a manganese compound gas supply source 57, and a mass flow controller 56c are connected to the upstream side of the gas supply path 56a.
- bis (amidoaminoalkane) manganese compound gas is supplied from the manganese compound gas supply source 57 by a bubbling method.
- the gas shower head 55 is connected with a reaction gas supply piping system 58 for introducing the reaction gas into the gas chamber 55a.
- the reactive gas supply piping system 58 also includes a gas supply path 58a, and a reactive gas supply source 59 is connected to the upstream side of the gas supply path 58a via a valve 58b and a mass flow controller 58c.
- hydrogen gas, ammonia gas, or the like is supplied from the reaction gas supply source 59.
- the manganese compound gas and the reactive gas are mixed in the gas chamber 55a of the gas shower head 55 and then supplied into the processing chamber 21b from the gas discharge hole 55b (premix).
- the gas shower head 55 is provided with a gas chamber dedicated to the manganese compound gas and a gas chamber dedicated to the reaction gas independently, and the manganese compound gas and the reaction gas are separately provided in the processing chamber 21b. It may be supplied to (post-mix method).
- the degas treatment by heating can be performed, for example, in the processing chamber 21a before forming the manganese-containing film in the processing chamber 21b.
- An example of the processing conditions is as follows. Wafer temperature: 250-400 ° C Processing pressure: 13-2670 Pa Treatment atmosphere: Inert gas atmosphere such as N 2 , Ar, He, etc. Treatment time: 30 to 300 seconds. If you give more suitable conditions, Wafer temperature: 300 ° C Processing pressure: 1330Pa Treatment atmosphere: Ar gas atmosphere Treatment time: 120 seconds.
- the removal process of natural copper oxide by hydrogen annealing is applied when a copper film is present on a part of the base, as in the example described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5D, for example.
- the removal process of natural copper oxide by hydrogen annealing can be performed, for example, in the processing chamber 21a before the formation of the manganese-containing film in the processing chamber 21b.
- An example of the processing conditions is as follows. Wafer temperature: 250-400 ° C Processing pressure: 13-2670 Pa Processing atmosphere: H 2 gas atmosphere (inert gas such as N 2 , Ar, and He may be added here), H 2 concentration is 1 to 100 Vol% Processing time: 30 to 300 seconds. If you give more suitable conditions, Wafer temperature: 300 ° C Processing pressure: 1330Pa Treatment atmosphere: 3% H 2 gas + 97% Ar gas atmosphere Treatment time: 120 seconds.
- the modification treatment of the base surface is preferably applied, for example, when a low-k film is present on the base.
- the modification treatment of the base surface can be performed, for example, in the processing chamber 21a before the formation of the manganese-containing film in the processing chamber 21b.
- An example of processing conditions when hydrogen radicals are used as the reactive species is as follows. Radical / ion generation: Atomic hydrogen is generated by remote plasma, plasma, heating filament, etc. and irradiated to wafer W
- Input power 1 to 5 kW (more preferably 1.5 kW to 3 kW)
- Wafer temperature Room temperature (25 ° C.) to 450 ° C. (more preferably 200 to 400 ° C.)
- Processing pressure 10 to 500 Pa (more preferably 20 to 100 Pa)
- Treatment atmosphere 1-20% H 2 gas + 99-80% Ar gas atmosphere
- Treatment time 5-300 seconds (more preferably 10-100 seconds) It is.
- Input power 2.5kW Wafer temperature: 300 ° C Processing pressure: 40Pa Treatment atmosphere: 10% H 2 gas + 90% Ar gas atmosphere Treatment time: 60 seconds.
- At least one of the degassing process by heating, the removal process of natural copper oxide by hydrogen annealing, and the modification process of the base surface by irradiating plasma and ions is performed before the formation of the manganese-containing film. It is possible.
- the base surface modification treatment is performed, for example, in the processing chamber 21a before the formation of the manganese-containing film in the processing chamber 21b.
- plasma is generated and, for example, the silicon oxide film 206 which is the second-layer interlayer insulating film shown in FIG. 5A is exposed to the generated plasma.
- the silicon oxide film 206 is exposed to radical species derived from plasma.
- the surface of the silicon oxide film 206 is modified.
- carbon (C) is removed from the surface of the silicon oxide film 206.
- Densification (densification) -Hydrophilization of the surface-Reduction of pore diameter Note that in the modification process using plasma irradiation, care should be taken not to cause excessive irradiation in order to suppress side effects such as damage to the silicon oxide film 206.
- a gas containing hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), or oxygen (O) can be used.
- gases containing hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen or oxygen include ⁇ H 2 gas ⁇ CO gas ⁇ CO 2 gas ⁇ CH 4 gas ⁇ N 2 gas ⁇ NH 3 gas ⁇ H 2 O gas ⁇ O 2 gas ⁇ O 3 gas ⁇ NO gas ⁇ N 2 O gas ⁇ NO 2 gas, etc.
- Plasma may be generated using one of these gases or a combination of these gases.
- a rare gas such as He or Ar may be added to facilitate the ignition of plasma.
- the atmosphere was 1-20% H 2 gas + 99-80% Ar gas.
- the low-k material (for example, SiOC) constituting the interlayer insulating film is generally formed using an organic material such as trimethylsilane. Therefore, an interlayer insulating film formed using an organic material includes an alkyl group including a methyl group (—CH 3 ). For this reason, the interlayer insulating film contains a certain amount of carbon (C). By subjecting the surface of the interlayer insulating film to plasma or ions and performing a modification treatment, the surface of the interlayer insulating film is in a state where most of the carbon has been removed. For this reason, the composition of the surface of the interlayer insulating film is close to SiO 2 from SiOC. As a result, carbon escapes from the surface of the interlayer insulating film formed using the organic material, and a densified (densified) SiO 2 -like modified layer is formed.
- an organic material such as trimethylsilane. Therefore, an interlayer insulating film formed using an organic material includes an alkyl group including a methyl group (—CH
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film is terminated with a methyl group (—CH 3 ), and the surface of the interlayer insulating film is a hydrophobic surface.
- the methyl group is cleaved to form a bond of —OH group or Si—O—Si. That is, the above-described modification treatment has a hydrophilic treatment side surface that makes the surface of the interlayer insulating film hydrophilic (the surface of the interlayer insulation film is modified from hydrophobic to hydrophilic by the modification treatment). .
- the interlayer insulating film is a porous (porous body) Low-k film
- the pore diameter on the surface of the interlayer insulating film is reduced and / or closed when the above modification treatment is performed. That is, a modified layer that is not a porous body (porous body) is formed on the surface of the interlayer insulating film.
- Such a modified layer functions as a pore seal of the interlayer insulating film.
- the plasma treatment time for the modification treatment may be about several seconds (for example, 1 to 300 seconds).
- the process pressure at the time of plasma treatment and the high frequency power to be applied are not particularly limited, but practically, the process pressure is in the range of 10 ⁇ 1 to 10 5 Pa, and the input power of the high frequency power is 10 1 to 10 4 watts. Is within the range.
- the processing time was 5 to 300 seconds
- the processing pressure was 10 to 500 Pa
- the input power was 1 to 5 kW.
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film in the case of using either a gas containing hydrogen or a gas containing oxygen, or a combination of these gases, the surface of the interlayer insulating film, There is an advantage that formation of —OH groups can be promoted. When the —OH group is formed on the surface of the interlayer insulating film, it becomes easy to efficiently form (deposit) the manganese-containing film on the surface of the interlayer insulating film.
- hydrogen-containing gas or oxygen-containing gas are: H 2 gas CO gas CO 2 gas CH 4 gas NH 3 gas H 2 O gas O 2 gas O 3 gas NO gas N 2 O gas NO 2 gas
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film may be subjected to plasma treatment while heating the wafer W in the range of 100 to 350 ° C.
- CCP Capacitively coupled plasma
- ICP Inductively coupled plasma
- HWP Helicon wave plasma
- SWP Microwave excited surface wave plasma
- ECP Electron cyclotron resonance plasma
- ⁇ Under surface treatment using ultraviolet irradiation> In order to modify the surface of the interlayer insulating film, there are various methods other than exposure to plasma. In order to modify the surface of the interlayer insulating film (mainly hydrophilized here), for example, in an oxygen atmosphere (for example, in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere containing ozone (O 3 ) or oxygen (O 2 )). The surface of the interlayer insulating film may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays while heating the wafer W in the range of 100 to 350 ° C.
- a low-pressure mercury lamp (wavelength: 185 to 254 nm), an Xe excimer lamp (wavelength: 172 nm) or the like can be used, and preferably short-wavelength ultraviolet rays (wavelength: 240 nm or less) are used.
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film may be irradiated with a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB).
- GCIB gas cluster ion beam
- gases for generating gas cluster ions include: O 2 gas, N 2 gas, H 2 gas, CH 4 gas, Ar gas, He Etc. can be used.
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film may be irradiated with visible light having a wavelength of 425 nm.
- Visible light (purple) with a wavelength of 425 nm corresponds to the binding energy between silicon (Si) and a methyl group (Si—CH 3 ), and the methyl group can be efficiently cleaved.
- the surface of the interlayer insulating film may be modified by chemical treatment by exposing it to a treatment liquid containing an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Due to the strong oxidizing ability of hydrogen peroxide, the surface of the interlayer insulating film is in a state where most of the carbon has been removed. For this reason, the composition of the surface of the interlayer insulating film is changed from SiOC to SiO 2 , and the surface of the interlayer insulating film can be densified (densified) and can be hydrophilized from hydrophobic to hydrophilic.
- an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Due to the strong oxidizing ability of hydrogen peroxide, the surface of the interlayer insulating film is in a state where most of the carbon has been removed. For this reason, the composition of the surface of the interlayer insulating film is changed from SiOC to SiO 2 , and the surface of the interlayer insulating film can be densified (densified) and can
- the heat treatment for silicification and manganese diffusion can be performed, for example, in the processing chamber 21d after forming a copper film in the processing chamber 21c.
- An example of the processing conditions is as follows. Wafer temperature: 200-500 ° C Processing pressure: 13-2670 Pa Processing atmosphere: Inert gas atmosphere such as N 2 , Ar, and He (a slight amount of O 2 gas, for example, about 10 ppb to 1 Vol% may be added here) Processing time: 30 to 1800 seconds. If you give more suitable conditions, Wafer temperature: 350 ° C Processing pressure: 1330Pa Treatment atmosphere: 1% O 2 gas + 99% Ar gas atmosphere (oxidation atmosphere) Processing time: 300 seconds.
- This heat treatment can be used for both silicate conversion of manganese-containing films and manganese diffusion into copper films, but only for silicate conversion of manganese-containing films or manganese diffusion into copper films. It can also be used.
- ammonia gas supply method When ammonia gas is selected as the reactive gas containing nitrogen used to form the nitrogen-containing manganese film, the following two methods can be given as the supply method. ⁇ Supply using ammonia cylinders ⁇ Supply using ammonia water (NH 3 (aq))
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating vapor pressures of water (H 2 O) and ammonia (NH 3 ).
- FIG. 8 also shows the vapor pressure of aqueous ammonia (32%, 25%, 20%).
- the vapor pressure of ammonia water is two orders of magnitude higher than the vapor pressure of water (H 2 O). This indicates that the ratio of ammonia to water in the gas is greater than that of water.
- the temperature of the ammonia water is set to 20 ° C.
- ammonia gas is generated and taken out from the ammonia water, and the taken out ammonia gas is used for forming a nitrogen-containing manganese film.
- the advantage of the supply using ammonia water can be that the safety measures that must be taken in the apparatus are simpler than the supply of 100% ammonia gas.
- an expensive cylinder cabinet for storing a gas cylinder sealed with a special gas must be prepared in order to prepare for gas leakage.
- the concentration of ammonia water is generally 10% or more and 35% or less, but if the concentration of ammonia water is less than 10%, the gas specificity is further lowered. For this reason, there is a possibility that the gas detector necessary for handling special gas can be omitted.
- the method for forming a manganese-containing film described in the first to fourth embodiments can be implemented by using such a manganese-containing film CVD apparatus 50.
- the copper film 105 is formed using the PVD method, but the copper film 105 can also be formed using, for example, the CVD method. It is also possible to form a thin copper film (seed layer) by the PVD method and then plating the thick copper film on the thin copper film by an electrolytic plating method or an electroless plating method. .
- a liner layer containing ruthenium may be provided between the manganese-containing film and the copper film for further improvement in adhesion, and copper deposited on the manganese-containing film for improving the embedding property of the copper film.
- the film may be formed using a dry fill method (a kind of Cu reflow, in which Cu is sputtered while heating the substrate temperature to about 250 ° C.).
- the substrate is not limited to a semiconductor wafer, and may be a glass substrate used for manufacturing solar cells and FPDs.
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Abstract
Description
図1A~図1Eは、この発明の第1の実施形態に係るマンガン含有膜の形成方法の一例を示す断面図である。
まず、図1Aに示すように、例えば、原料ガスとしてTEOSを供給してCVD法によりシリコン基板100上にシリコン酸化膜101を形成する。シリコン酸化膜101は、半導体集積回路装置中においては、例えば、層間絶縁膜として機能する絶縁膜であり、本例においては、マンガン含有膜が形成される下地となる膜(下地膜)である。
なお、層間絶縁膜として機能する絶縁膜には、上記シリコン酸化膜(SiO2)101に限らず、SiOC、SiOCHなど、比誘電率がSiO2に比べて低いシリコン含有絶縁膜(Low-k膜)を用いてもよい。さらに、ポアを有するポーラスLow-k膜としてもよい。このことは、以下説明する全ての実施形態においても同様である。
また、実施形態の説明においては、トランジスタ周り、即ち、FEOL(Front
End of Line)の工程は省略している。
・(a1)アンモニア(NH3)ガス
・(a2)ヒドラジン(NH2NH2)ガス
・(a3)アミン(一般式NR1R2R3で記述される)ガス
・(a4)ヒドラジン誘導体(一般式R1R2NNR3R4で記述される)ガス
を好適に用いることができる。ここで、上記R1,R2,R3,R4は炭化水素基である。
・メチルアミン(CH3NH2)ガス …第一級アミン
・エチルアミン(C2H5NH2)ガス …第一級アミン
・ジメチルアミン((CH3)2NH)ガス …第二級アミン
・トリメチルアミン((CH3)3N)ガス …第三級アミン
などを挙げることができる。
・メチルヒドラジン(CH3NNH3)ガス
・ジメチルヒドラジン((CH3)2NNH2)ガス
・トリメチルヒドラジン((CH3)3NNH)ガス
などを挙げることができる。
・(b1)水素(H2)ガス
・(b2)一酸化炭素(CO)ガス
・(b3)アルデヒド(R-CHO)ガス
・(b4)カルボン酸(R-COOH)ガス
を好適に用いることができる。ここで、上記Rは、-CnH2n+1(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキル基である。
・ホルムアルデヒド(HCHO)ガス
などを挙げることができる。
・蟻酸(HCOOH)ガス
などを挙げることができる。
・(c1)シクロペンタジエニル系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(RC5H4)2で記述される)
・(c2)カルボニル系マンガン化合物ガス
・(c3)ベータジケトン系マンガン化合物ガス
・(c4)アミジネート系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(R1N-CR3-NR2)2で記述される)
・(c5)アミドアミノアルカン系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(R1N-Z-NR2 2)2で記述される)
を好適に用いることができる。ここで、上記R,R1,R2,R3は-CnH2n+1(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキル基である。また、上記Zは-CnH2n-(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキレン基である。
・ビス(アルキルシクロペンタジエニル)マンガンガス
などを挙げることができる。
・デカカルボニル2マンガン(Mn2(CO)10)ガス
・メチルシクロペンタジエニルトリカルボニルマンガン((CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3)ガス
・シクロペンタジエニルトリカルボニルマンガン((C5H5)Mn(CO)3)ガス
・メチルペンタカルボニルマンガン((CH3)Mn(CO)5)ガス
・3-(t-BuAllyl)Mn(CO)4ガス
などを挙げることができる。
・ビス(ジピバロイルメタナト)マンガン(Mn(C11H19O2)2)ガス
・トリス(ジピバロイルメタナト)マンガン(Mn(C11H19O2)3)ガス
・ビス(ペンタンジオン)マンガン(Mn(C5H7O2)2)ガス
・トリス(ペンタンジオン)マンガン(Mn(C5H7O2)3)ガス
・ビス(ヘキサフルオロアセチル)マンガン(Mn(C5HF6O2)2)ガス
・トリス(ヘキサフルオロアセチル)マンガン(Mn(C5HF6O2)3)ガス
などを挙げることができる。
・ビス(N,N'-ジアルキルアセトアミジネート)マンガンガス
などを挙げることができる。
・ビス(N,N'-1-アルキルアミド-2-ジアルキルアミノアルカン)マンガンガス
などを挙げることができる。
・工程1 …マンガン化合物ガスによるマンガン化合物(Mnプリカーサ)の吸着(マンガン化合物ガスを供給する)
・工程2 …パージ(真空パージもしくは不活性ガスパージ)
・工程3 …吸着されたマンガン化合物(Mnプリカーサ)の分解
・工程4 …パージ(真空パージもしくは不活性ガスパージ)
ALD法においては、これら工程1~工程4にかけての一連の処理が繰り返し行われる。
・エネルギー又は活性種の照射による分解
を利用することも可能である。
・粒子線(バイアス電圧の印加により加速されたイオンや原子、分子等)
・電子線(バイアス電圧の印加により加速された電子)
・電磁波(光、マイクロ波等)
などを挙げることができる。
・プラズマ(リモートプラズマにより生成されたHプラズマ等)
・ラジカル(加熱フィラメントにより生成されたHラジカル、NH2ラジカル等)
・イオン
・電子
などを挙げることができる。
図2A~図2Eは、この発明の第2の実施形態に係るマンガン含有膜の形成方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図3A~図3Dは、この発明の第3の実施形態に係るマンガン含有膜の形成方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図4A~図4Dは、この発明の第4の実施形態に係るマンガン含有膜の形成方法の一例を示す断面図である。
・(c1)シクロペンタジエニル系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(RC5H4)2で記述される)
・(c2)カルボニル系マンガン化合物ガス
・(c3)ベータジケトン系マンガン化合物ガス
・(c4)アミジネート系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(R1N-CR3-NR2)2で記述される)
・(c5)アミドアミノアルカン系マンガン化合物ガス(一般式Mn(R1N-Z-NR2 2)2で記述される)
に属しているマンガン化合物ガスのなかから、水と反応する性質を持つマンガン化合物ガスを選ぶことが好ましい。
次に、上記第1~第4の実施形態に係るマンガン含有膜の形成方法を、半導体集積回路装置のバリア膜に適用した場合の一例について説明する。
次に、上記第1~第4の実施形態のマンガン含有膜を成膜する際に用いることができる成膜システムについて説明する。
図6に示すように、成膜システム1は、ウエハWに処理を施す処理部2と、この処理部2にウエハWを搬入出する搬入出部3と、成膜システム1を制御する制御部4とを備えている。本例に係る成膜システム1は、クラスターツール型(マルチチャンバータイプ)の半導体製造装置である。
次に、マンガン含有膜成膜装置の一例を説明する。マンガン含有膜成膜装置は、本例では処理室21bに用いられる。
<加熱によるデガス処理>
加熱によるデガス処理は、処理室21bにおけるマンガン含有膜の成膜前に、例えば、処理室21aにて行うことができる。処理条件の一例は、次の通りである。
ウエハ温度: 250~400℃
処理圧力 : 13~2670Pa
処理雰囲気: N2、Ar、Heなどの不活性ガス雰囲気
処理時間 : 30~300秒
である。より好適な条件を挙げるならば、
ウエハ温度: 300℃
処理圧力 : 1330Pa
処理雰囲気: Arガス雰囲気
処理時間 : 120秒
である。
水素アニールによる自然酸化銅の除去処理は、例えば、図5A~図5Dを参照して説明した例のように、下地の一部に銅膜が存在する場合に適用される。水素アニールによる自然酸化銅の除去処理は、処理室21bにおけるマンガン含有膜の成膜前に、例えば、処理室21aにて行うことができる。処理条件の一例は、次の通りである。
ウエハ温度: 250~400℃
処理圧力 : 13~2670Pa
処理雰囲気: H2ガス雰囲気(ここにN2、Ar、Heなどの不活性ガスを加えても良い)、H2濃度は、1~100Vol%
処理時間 : 30~300秒
である。より好適な条件を挙げるならば、
ウエハ温度: 300℃
処理圧力 : 1330Pa
処理雰囲気: 3%H2ガス+97%Arガス雰囲気
処理時間 : 120秒
である。
下地表面の改質処理は、例えば、下地にLow-k膜が存在する場合に適用されることが好ましい。下地表面の改質処理は、処理室21bにおけるマンガン含有膜の成膜前に、例えば、処理室21aにて行うことができる。反応種として水素ラジカルを用いた場合の処理条件の一例は、次の通りである。
ラジカル・イオン発生:リモートプラズマ、プラズマ、加熱フィラメント等により原子状水素を発生させてウエハWに照射
投入パワー: 1~5kW(より好ましくは1.5kW~3kW)
ウエハ温度: 室温(25℃)~450℃(より好ましくは200~400℃)
処理圧力 : 10~500Pa(より好ましくは20~100Pa)
処理雰囲気: 1~20%H2ガス+99~80%Arガス雰囲気
処理時間 : 5~300秒(より好ましくは10~100秒)
である。
投入パワー: 2.5kW
ウエハ温度: 300℃
処理圧力 : 40Pa
処理雰囲気: 10%H2ガス+90%Arガス雰囲気
処理時間 : 60秒
である。
次に、下地にLow-k膜、例えばSiOC膜やSiOCH膜が存在する場合に、好ましく適用される下地表面の改質処理のより詳細な例について説明する。
下地表面の改質処理は、上述したように、処理室21bにおけるマンガン含有膜の成膜前に、例えば、処理室21aにて行われる。処理室21aでは、プラズマを発生させ、例えば、図5Aに示した第2層目の層間絶縁膜であるシリコン酸化膜206を、発生させたプラズマに曝す。もしくはプラズマから派生したラジカル種にシリコン酸化膜206を曝す。これにより、シリコン酸化膜206の表面を改質する。この改質では、シリコン酸化膜206の表面に対して
・炭素(C)の除去
・緻密化(高密度化)
・表面の親水化
・ポア(空孔)径の縮小
などが行われる。なお、プラズマ照射を用いた改質処理にあたっては、シリコン酸化膜206に与えるダメージなどの副作用を抑えるため、過剰な照射とならないよう注意する。
・H2ガス
・COガス
・CO2ガス
・CH4ガス
・N2ガス
・NH3ガス
・H2Oガス
・O2ガス
・O3ガス
・NOガス
・N2Oガス
・NO2ガス
などを挙げることができる。これらのガスの一つ、又はこれらのガスの組み合わせを用いてプラズマを発生させるとよい。なお、プラズマの着火を容易にするため、HeやArなどの希ガスを添加してもよいことはもちろんである。なお、上述した例においては、1~20%H2ガス+99~80%Arガス雰囲気であった。
水素を含有するガス、又は酸素を含有するガスの例は、
・H2ガス
・COガス
・CO2ガス
・CH4ガス
・NH3ガス
・H2Oガス
・O2ガス
・O3ガス
・NOガス
・N2Oガス
・NO2ガス
である。
・容量結合型プラズマ(CCP:Capacitively Coupled Plasma)発生手段
・誘導結合型プラズマ(ICP:Inductively Coupled Plasma)発生手段
・ヘリコン波励起型プラズマ(HWP:Helicon Wave Plasma)発生手段
・マイクロ波励起表面波プラズマ(SWP:Surface Wave Plasma)発生手段(RLSATMマイクロ波プラズマ、SPA(Slot Plane Antenna)プラズマを含む)
・電子サイクロトロン共鳴プラズマ(ECP:Electron Cyclotron resonance Plasma)発生手段
・上記発生手段を用いたリモートプラズマ発生手段
などを用いることができる。
なお、層間絶縁膜の表面を改質するためには、プラズマに曝す以外にも、種々の方法がある。層間絶縁膜の表面を改質(ここでは主に親水化)するためには、例えば、酸素雰囲気下(例えば、オゾン(O3)や酸素(O2)を含む酸素含有ガスの雰囲気中)において、ウエハWを100~350℃の範囲で加熱しつつ、層間絶縁膜の表面に紫外線を照射してもよい。紫外線の照射には、低圧水銀ランプ(波長:185~254nm)やXeエキシマランプ
(波長:172nm)等を用いることができ、好ましくは短波長紫外線(波長:240nm以下)が用いられる。
また、層間絶縁膜の表面に、ガスクラスターイオンビーム(GCIB)を照射してもよい。これによっても、層間絶縁膜の表面を改質できる。ガスクラスターイオンを発生させるためのガスとしては、例えば
・O2ガス
・N2ガス
・H2ガス
・CH4ガス
・Arガス
・He
などを用いることができる。
また、層間絶縁膜の表面に、波長が425nmの可視光を照射してもよい。波長425nmの可視光(紫色)は、シリコン(Si)とメチル基(Si-CH3)の結合エネルギーに相当し、メチル基を効率的に切断することができる。
さらに、層間絶縁膜の表面を、酸化剤、例えば過酸化水素(H2O2)を含んだ処理液に曝して薬液処理することで改質させるようにしてもよい。過酸化水素の持つ強い酸化能力により、層間絶縁膜の表面は、炭素の多くが抜けた状態となる。このため、層間絶縁膜の表面の組成はSiOCからSiO2に近くなり、層間絶縁膜の表面を緻密化(高密度化)できるとともに、疎水性から親水性へと親水化することができる。
シリケート化およびマンガン拡散のための加熱処理は、処理室21cにおいて銅膜を成膜した後、例えば、処理室21dにて行うことができる。処理条件の一例は、次の通りである。
ウエハ温度: 200~500℃
処理圧力 : 13~2670Pa
処理雰囲気: N2、Ar、Heなどの不活性ガス雰囲気(ここに若干の、例えば10ppb~1Vol%程度のO2ガスを加えても良い)
処理時間 : 30~1800秒
である。より好適な条件を挙げるならば、
ウエハ温度: 350℃
処理圧力 : 1330Pa
処理雰囲気: 1%O2ガス+99%Arガス雰囲気(酸化雰囲気)
処理時間 : 300秒
である。
窒素含有マンガン膜を成膜するために用いられる窒素を含む反応ガスとして、アンモニアガスを選択した場合には、その供給方法として、次の2つを挙げることができる。
・アンモニアボンベを利用した供給
・アンモニア水(NH3(aq))を利用した供給
図8は、水(H2O)およびアンモニア(NH3)の蒸気圧を示す図である。図8には、さらに、アンモニア水(32%、25%、20%)の蒸気圧についても示す。
Claims (20)
- 下地と銅膜との間に形成されるマンガン含有膜の形成方法であって、
マンガン化合物ガスと窒素を含む反応ガスとを反応させて前記下地上に窒素含有マンガン膜を形成する工程と、
マンガン化合物ガスと還元性の反応ガスとを反応させて、もしくはマンガン化合物ガスを熱分解反応させて、もしくはマンガン化合物ガスをエネルギー又は活性種の照射により分解反応させて前記窒素含有マンガン膜上に金属マンガン膜を形成する工程と
を具備するマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 下地と銅膜との間に形成されるマンガン含有膜の形成方法であって、
マンガン化合物ガスと前記下地から供給される酸素とを反応させて前記下地上に酸化マンガン膜、もしくはマンガンシリケート膜を形成する工程と、
マンガン化合物ガスと還元性反応ガスとを反応させて、もしくはマンガン化合物ガスを熱分解反応させて、もしくはマンガン化合物ガスをエネルギー又は活性種の照射により分解反応させて前記酸化マンガン膜上、もしくは前記マンガンシリケート膜上に金属マンガン膜を形成する工程と
を具備するマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 下地と銅膜との間に形成されるマンガン含有膜の形成方法であって、
マンガン化合物ガスと還元性の反応ガスとを反応させて、もしくは、マンガン化合物ガスを熱分解反応させて、もしくはマンガン化合物ガスをエネルギー又は活性種の照射により分解反応させて前記下地上に金属マンガン膜を形成する工程と、
マンガン化合物ガスと窒素を含む反応ガスとを反応させて前記金属マンガン膜上に窒素含有マンガン膜を形成する工程と
を具備するマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 下地と銅膜との間に形成されるマンガン含有膜の形成方法であって、
マンガン化合物ガスと前記下地から供給される酸素とを反応させて前記下地上に酸化マンガン膜、もしくはマンガンシリケート膜を形成する工程と、
マンガン化合物ガスと窒素を含む反応ガスとを反応させて、前記酸化マンガン膜上、もしくは、前記マンガンシリケート膜上に窒素含有マンガン膜を形成する工程と
を具備するマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記マンガン化合物ガスは、
シクロペンタジエニル系マンガン化合物ガス、
カルボニル系マンガン化合物ガス、
ベータジケトン系マンガン化合物ガス、
アミジネート系マンガン化合物ガス、および
アミドアミノアルカン系マンガン化合物ガスのいずれかから選ばれる請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記シクロペンタジエニル系マンガン化合物ガスは、
一般式Mn(RC5H4)2で表されるマンガン化合物ガス
である請求項5に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
(前記Rは-CnH2n+1(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキル基を示す) - 前記カルボニル系マンガン化合物ガスは、
デカカルボニル2マンガン(Mn2(CO)10)ガス
メチルシクロペンタジエニルトリカルボニルマンガン((CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3)ガス
シクロペンタジエニルトリカルボニルマンガン((C5H5)Mn(CO)3)ガス
メチルペンタカルボニルマンガン((CH3)Mn(CO)5)ガス
3-(t-BuAllyl)Mn(CO)4ガス
のいずれかから選ばれる請求項5に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ベータジケトン系マンガン化合物ガスは、
ビス(ジピバロイルメタナト)マンガン(Mn(C11H19O2)2)ガス
トリス(ジピバロイルメタナト)マンガン(Mn(C11H19O2)3)ガス
ビス(ペンタンジオン)マンガン(Mn(C5H7O2)2)ガス
トリス(ペンタンジオン)マンガン(Mn(C5H7O2)3)ガス
ビス(ヘキサフルオロアセチル)マンガン(Mn(C5HF6O2)2)ガス
トリス(ヘキサフルオロアセチル)マンガン(Mn(C5HF6O2)3)ガス
のいずれかから選ばれる請求項5に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記アミジネート系マンガン化合物ガスは、
一般式Mn(R1N-CR3-NR2)2で表されるマンガン化合物ガス
である請求項5に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
(ただし、前記R1,R2,R3は-CnH2n+1(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキル基を示す) - 前記アミドアミノアルカン系マンガン化合物ガスは、
一般式Mn(R1N-Z-NR2 2)2で表されるマンガン化合物ガス
である請求項5に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
(ただし、前記R1,R2は-CnH2n+1(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキル基を示す。前記Zは-CnH2n-(nは0以上の整数)で記述されるアルキレン基を示す) - 前記マンガン含有膜を形成した後、前記マンガン含有膜上に銅膜を形成する工程をさらに含み、
前記銅膜を形成した後に、前記銅膜へマンガンを拡散させる加熱処理を行う請求項1から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記マンガン含有膜を形成した後、前記マンガン含有膜上に銅膜を形成する工程をさらに含み、
前記銅膜を形成した後に、前記マンガン含有膜をシリケート化させる加熱処理を行う請求項1から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記下地が、Si含有酸化物である請求項1から請求項12のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
- 前記金属マンガン膜は、前記マンガン化合物ガスと前記還元性の反応ガスとをパージを挟んで交互に供給するALD法を用いて成膜される請求項1から請求項13のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
- 前記ALD法において、吸着されたマンガン化合物の分解に、前記還元性の反応ガスによる分解に代えて、
エネルギー又は活性種の照射による分解
を用いる請求項14に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記窒素を含む反応ガスは、
アンモニア(NH3)ガス
ヒドラジン(NH2NH2)ガス
アミンガス(一般式NR1R2R3で記述される)
ヒドラジン誘導体ガス(一般式R1R2NNR3R4で記述される)
のいずれかから選ばれる請求項1、請求項3、または請求項4に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
(ただし、前記R1,R2,R3,R4は炭化水素基を示す) - 前記アミンガスは、
メチルアミン(CH3NH2)ガス
エチルアミン(C2H5NH2)ガス
ジメチルアミン((CH3)2NH)ガス
トリメチルアミン((CH3)3N)ガス
のいずれかから選ばれる請求項16に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ヒドラジン誘導体ガスは、
メチルヒドラジン(CH3NNH3)ガス
ジメチルヒドラジン((CH3)2NNH2)ガス
トリメチルヒドラジン((CH3)3NNH)ガス
のいずれかから選ばれる請求項16に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記窒素を含む反応ガスは、アンモニア水を利用して発生させる請求項1、請求項3、または請求項4に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
- 前記下地上にマンガン含有膜を形成する前に、
加熱によるデガス処理
水素アニールによる自然酸化銅の除去処理
プラズマ及び/又はイオン照射を用いた下地表面の改質処理
紫外線照射を用いた下地表面の改質処理
GCIB照射を用いた下地表面の改質処理
可視光照射を用いた下地表面の改質処理
酸化剤を含む処理液を用いた下地表面の改質処理
の少なくともいずれか一つを行う請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のマンガン含有膜の形成方法。
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KR20150031239A (ko) | 2015-03-23 |
TW201418503A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
US20160326646A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
JPWO2013191065A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
US20150110975A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
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