WO2013026297A1 - 一种切换实现方法、系统和源出口隧道路由器 - Google Patents
一种切换实现方法、系统和源出口隧道路由器 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
- H04W36/0019—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection adapted for mobile IP [MIP]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to network technologies, and in particular, to a handover implementation method, system, and source egress tunnel router based on a Lisp (Location/ID Separation Protocol).
- Lisp Lisp
- DFZ Default Free Zone
- the IRTF RRG Internet Research Task Force Routing Research Grou
- the IRTF RRG Internet Research Task Force Routing Research Grou
- Lis is a new routing framework based on the RRG (Routing Research Group) requirements for routing and address research, led by Cisco, by separating the current IP address into an End-identifier (EID, End-identifier) and Routing Locations (RLOCs, Routing Locators) to reduce the size of the DFZ routing table, increase the number of extensions and reduce the number of globally visible, routing prefixes.
- RRG Radial Research Group
- Lisp divides the existing IP address system into terminal identification (EID) and routing location (RLOC), and introduces the concept of tunnel routers ("Tunnel Routers").
- the tunnel routers are divided into ITRs (Ingress Tunnel Routers). And ETR (Egress Tunnel Router). Both ITR and ETR need to register the binding of EID and RLOC in the mapping server (Map-Server, MS for short).
- the ETR is responsible for registering the EID of this host and the RLOC
- the ITR is responsible for The EID/RLOC binding of the host on the ETR side is stored.
- the ITR is responsible for registering the binding of the host's EID to the RLOC.
- the ITR is responsible for the data encapsulation and mapping search, and searches for the corresponding RLOC information according to the destination EID information, and encapsulates a layer of LISP headers and IP packet headers outside the original host packet.
- the ETR is responsible for decapsulating data packets.
- the encapsulation of the Lis data packet is performed on the ingress tunnel router ITR, and is encapsulated in an IP-IN-IP manner.
- the IP packet header is encapsulated on the outside of the ordinary IP packet.
- the source IP address and the destination IP address field of the inner IP packet header are respectively represented by the source EID and the destination EID, and the source IP address and the destination IP address of the outer IP packet header are respectively represented by the source RLOC and the destination RLOC.
- the inner IP packet header remains unchanged during the transmission process.
- the identity identifier and the location separate data packet.
- the decapsulation is done on the egress tunnel router ETR.
- the data forwarding process of the LISP protocol is shown in Figure 2.
- the original intention of the LISP protocol is to solve the scale of the routing table, and can not solve the mobility of the network.
- the mobility of the network is necessary, and the requirements of the lisp design require that the lisp must be able to solve the mobility and multi-hole. Sex.
- the idea of this solution is to introduce PMIP into LISP.
- the mobile management network structure based on LISP-PMIP is shown in Figure 3.
- the ETR in the LISP system acts as the LMA (Local Mobility Anchor) in the PMIP, and the MS maintains the EID of the MN (Mobile Node) (the EID is equivalent to the Home Address (HoA) in the PMIP) and the RLOC of the ETR.
- LMA Local Mobility Anchor
- MN Mobile Node
- HoA Home Address
- Inter-mapping introducing a MAG (Mobile Access Gateway) between the ETR and the MN, establishing a PMIP tunnel between the MAG and the ETR, and maintaining the PMA between the HoA of the MN and the CoA (care-of address) of the MAG. Mapping.
- MAG Mobile Access Gateway
- PMIP is a solution for network-based local mobility management. Its goal is to define a simple extension of ⁇ , support IPv6-based mobility management, and reuse ⁇ 6's signaling and features. PMIP enables IP mobility of the host without requiring the host to participate in any mobile-related signaling. In the PMIP protocol, the network replaces the host responsible for managing the mobility of the IP. The mobile entity in the network tracks the movement of the host and initiates the necessary mobile signaling.
- PMIP mobile management network structure diagram shown in Figure 4 PMIP can only solve the same LMA Switch between different MAGs.
- the mobile node can switch from the area of MAG1 to the area of MAG2.
- PMIP cannot solve the handover between different MAGs under different LMAs, that is, PMIP cannot implement the handover of mobile nodes from MAG2 to MAG3 in Figure 4.
- the LMA is responsible for processing the routing information of the mobile node, and the routing information is forwarded by the mobile access gateway to which the mobile node belongs, and the packets sent to the mobile node and the mobile node must pass through the anchor point.
- the mobile access gateway initiates a routing update to the LMA.
- the PMIP-based switching process is shown in Figure 5, including:
- the mobile node establishes a connection link with the new mobile node, including:
- the mobile node sends RtrSol (Router Solicitation Messages) to the new mobile access gateway (NMAG).
- the IPv6 source address header of the signal may be the link-local address of the mobile node, or may be a non- Specific address (RFC4861).
- the NMAG After receiving the route request signal, the NMAG sends RtrAdv (Router Advertisement Messages) to the mobile node.
- the signal contains the mobile node's home network prefix, which is used as the connection prefix.
- Step 501 Link layer (layer 2) switching: When the mobile node reaches the range of the NMAG (New Mobile Access Gateway), it receives a wireless signal sent from the NMAG, and the signal includes the route broadcast information. Thus, the mobile node can obtain the prefix information of the NMAG.
- NMAG New Mobile Access Gateway
- Step 502 The OMAG (Old Mobile Access Gateway) sends a Proxy Binding Update (PBU) signal to the LMA, notifying the LMA mobile node that a handover is to be initiated, requesting to cancel the proxy care-of address of the mobile access gateway (MAG). Proxy-CoA) Binding to the mobile node's MN-HoA.
- PBU Proxy Binding Update
- Step 503 The LMA sends a Proxy Binding Acknowledgement (PBA) signal to the OMAG, indicating that the proxy binding update signal has been received.
- PBA Proxy Binding Acknowledgement
- Step 504 The NMAG sends a PBU signal to the LMA, requesting to establish a MN-HoA of the mobile node. Binding to NMAG's Proxy-CoA.
- Step 505 The LMA sends a PBA signal to the NMAG, indicating that the proxy binding update signal has been received.
- Step 506 A bidirectional tunnel between the NMAG and the LMA is established.
- the two-way tunnel hides the network topology.
- the mobile node uses the address of its home network prefix to easily access the mobile access gateway using any network link.
- the two-way tunnel is encapsulated in the "IP-in-IP" manner. See RFC2473 for details.
- the PMIP protocol only gives the handover management of the mobile terminal under the same LMA.
- the existing PMIP protocol for moving out of the LMA cannot be solved.
- Such constant anchor points can cause a series of problems. For example, it leads to a widely recognized routing problem in the industry: The location of the terminal can change during the connection and use of the service. When the terminal is currently located away from its anchor point, the data stream that the terminal interacts with the outside world is also forwarded through its anchor point. Especially when the current location of the terminal is closer to the service source it accesses, the routing roundabout problem will be more obvious. On the one hand, routing detours will waste the carrier's transmission bearer resources, which is not conducive to cost savings. On the other hand, it increases the delay between the terminal and the communication peer to send and receive IP data packets, which is not conducive to improving the user's service experience. When the IP packet of the terminal is transmitted on the network, it encounters the possibility of network congestion, which causes the terminal service to be blocked or even impossible to implement (for example, real-time services such as voice and video).
- LISP-PMIP a mobility scenario in which an anchor point changes is proposed.
- hierarchical IPIP is used to achieve mobility across anchor points, that is, when terminal moves from one anchor point (old ETR, referred to as OETR) to another anchor point (new ETR, referred to as NERT)
- OETR old ETR
- NERT new ETR
- the mapping server in LISP updates the mapping of its stored EID to the RLOC where the ETR attached to the mobile terminal is located.
- the ETR attached to the mobile terminal updates the mapping between the stored EID and the CoA where the MAG is located.
- the old ETR deletes the binding between the CoA and the EID where the original OMAG is stored, and the NETR updates the CoA where the NMAG is located. Binding to EID. NETR registers the mapping updates of NRLOC and EID to the MS. The update of the MS in LISP ensures that the MN's data packet is sent to the CN via the new ETR.
- the lisp-PMIP described above is only a brief mobility change scenario of anchor point change.
- the data flow is switched to the NETR forwarding through the OETR forwarding.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lisp-based handover notification implementation method, system, and source egress tunnel router to ensure that data flows can be correctly forwarded during handover.
- the present invention provides a handover implementation method, including:
- the source egress tunnel router When the terminal switches from its attached source egress tunnel router to the target egress tunnel router, the source egress tunnel router establishes a forwarding tunnel with the target egress tunnel router.
- the foregoing method may further have the following feature: the source egress tunnel router and the target egress tunnel router establish a forwarding tunnel, including: the mapping server after the terminal switches from the attached source egress tunnel router to the target egress tunnel router And sending a handover notification to the source egress tunnel router, carrying a routing location of the target egress tunnel router.
- the establishing, by the source egress tunnel router and the target egress tunnel router, the forwarding tunnel further includes: after the source egress tunnel router receives the handover notification sent by the mapping server, according to the target egress carried in the handover notification The routing location of the tunnel router establishes a forwarding tunnel with the target egress tunnel router.
- the above method may further have the following features, the method further comprising: when the source egress tunnel router receives data sent to the terminal, sending the data to the target egress tunnel through the forwarding tunnel The router is forwarded to the terminal by the target egress tunnel router.
- the foregoing method may further have the following features, the method further comprising: removing, by the source egress tunnel router or the target egress tunnel router, the forwarding tunnel after the forwarding tunnel is established for a specified time.
- the present invention also provides a source egress tunnel router, including a tunnel establishing unit, configured to: when a terminal attached to the source egress tunnel router switches from the source egress tunnel router to a target egress tunnel router, and the target egress The tunnel router establishes a forwarding tunnel.
- a source egress tunnel router including a tunnel establishing unit, configured to: when a terminal attached to the source egress tunnel router switches from the source egress tunnel router to a target egress tunnel router, and the target egress The tunnel router establishes a forwarding tunnel.
- the source egress tunnel router further includes a routing location information processing unit, configured to: receive, by the mapping server, a handover notification of the routing location carrying the target egress tunnel router.
- a routing location information processing unit configured to: receive, by the mapping server, a handover notification of the routing location carrying the target egress tunnel router.
- the tunnel establishing unit is configured to: establish a forwarding tunnel with the target egress tunnel router according to a routing location of the target egress tunnel router.
- the source egress tunnel router further includes a data forwarding unit configured to: when receiving data sent to the terminal, send the data to the target egress tunnel router by using the forwarding tunnel.
- the source egress tunnel router further includes a tunnel teardown unit, configured to: after the forwarding tunnel is established for a specified time, the forwarding tunnel is removed.
- a tunnel teardown unit configured to: after the forwarding tunnel is established for a specified time, the forwarding tunnel is removed.
- the present invention also provides a handover implementation system, the system comprising the above source exit tunnel router, and a mapping server, the mapping server being configured to: switch from the source egress tunnel router to which the terminal is attached to the target egress tunnel router Afterwards, a handover notification is sent to the source egress tunnel router, and the routing location of the target egress tunnel router is carried.
- the system further includes a target egress tunnel router, where the target egress tunnel router is further configured to: when receiving data sent by the source egress tunnel router to the terminal, forwarding the data to the terminal.
- the source egress tunnel router is further configured to: after receiving the handover notification, send a tunnel establishment request to the target egress tunnel router.
- the target egress tunnel router is further configured to: after receiving the tunnel establishment request, establish a forwarding tunnel with the source egress tunnel router, and return a tunnel response to the source egress tunnel router.
- the target egress tunnel router is further configured to: enable a timer locally while establishing a forwarding tunnel.
- the target egress tunnel router is further configured to: after the forwarding tunnel is established for a specified time, the forwarding tunnel is removed.
- the source egress tunnel router is further configured to: when a tunnel establishment response is received, enable a timer, and when the timer expires, the forwarding tunnel is removed.
- the MS In the mobility management process of the Lisp, the MS notifies the new address of the NETR where the OETR MN is located, and the OETR establishes a tunnel between the OETR and the NETR, and sends a message through the NETR after the mobile switching, so that the lisp network has no route bypass. Seamless switching. BRIEF abstract
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a lisp network structure
- 2 is a schematic diagram of a Lisp data forwarding process
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a mobile management network structure based on lisp-PMIP
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a PMIP mobile management network
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a PMIP handover management signal flow
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a network structure of a lisp handover notification process
- Figure 7 is a flow chart of a lisp mobile switching method
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a source exit tunnel router according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the NETR maps the EID/NRLOC (the IP address where the NETR is located) to the MS for registration update, and after the MS receives the EID/NRLOC mapping request sent by the NETR, the MS will The EID/ORLOC mapping of the MN stored therein is updated to EID/NRLOC, and the MS sends a handover notification to the OETR, notifying the OETR MN that it has switched to the address NRDOC of the NETR.
- EID/NRLOC the IP address where the NETR is located
- the EID is obtained through static configuration.
- the EID of the MN remains unchanged before and after the handover.
- the MN switches from the connected OETR to the NETR.
- the IP addresses of the OETR and the NETR are different, that is, the routing addresses of the MN are ORLOC and NLROC, respectively, but MN
- the identity EID is unchanged, that is, before and after the MN moves, the MN communicates with the opposite CN by using different RLOCs, but the identity EID is unchanged, which ensures seamless handover of the lisp network.
- the invention provides a lisp-based handover implementation method including:
- the OETR When the terminal switches from its attached OETR to the NETR, the OETR establishes a forwarding tunnel with the NETR.
- the establishing, by the OETR, the forwarding tunnel with the NETR includes:
- the MS After the terminal switches from the attached OETR to the NETR, the MS sends a handover notification to the OETR, notifying the source egress tunnel router that the terminal has switched to the target egress tunnel router, and carries the routing location of the NETR;
- the OETR After receiving the handover notification sent by the mapping server, the OETR establishes a forwarding tunnel with the NETR according to the routing location of the NETR carried in the handover notification. When the forwarding tunnel is established, the OETR sends the identity of the terminal and the routing location of the OETR to the NETR.
- the method further includes: when the OETR receives the data sent to the terminal, transmitting the data to the NETR through the forwarding tunnel, and forwarding, by the NETR, the terminal.
- the method further includes: after the establishing the forwarding tunnel exceeds a specified time, the OETR or NETR tears down the forwarding tunnel.
- the timer can be set at the OETR, initiated by the OETR after the timeout, or the timer can be set at the NETR. After the timeout, the tunnel is initiated by the NETR.
- FIG. 6 The architecture of the present invention is shown in Figure 6, which includes a lisp network, MN, ETR, ITR, and a mapped server MS.
- the mapping server MS stores the EID/RLOC mapping in which the ETR is registered.
- the process is shown in Figure 7, including:
- Step 701a After the MN switches from the OETR to the NETR, the NETR registers the EID/NRLOC in the MS, that is, the NETR sends an EID/NRLOC mapping registration/update request to the MS;
- Step 701b The MS updates its stored EID/ORLOC to EID/NRLOC, and returns a registration/update response to the NETR, where the message carries the NRLOC and EID of the MN;
- Step 702a After step 701a, the MS sends a handover notification to the OETR, where the message carries the EID and the NRLOC;
- Step 702b After receiving the handover notification, the OETR sends a handover response to the MS.
- Step 703a After step 702a, the OETR sends a tunnel request to the NETR, and the message carries the EID and the ORLOC;
- Step 703b After receiving the tunnel establishment request, the NETR establishes a forwarding tunnel with the OETR according to the mobility related message, and returns a tunnel response to the OETR.
- NETR is establishing a forwarding tunnel A timer t is enabled locally, and when the timer expires, the tunnel is removed. The timer can also be enabled by the OETR, and when the timer expires, the tunnel is removed.
- the downlink data of the MN is forwarded through the OETR and the NETR. After the timer expires, the MN directly sends and receives data through NETR and NMAG.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a source egress tunnel router, as shown in FIG. 8, including: a tunnel establishing unit: configured to switch from a source egress tunnel router to a target egress tunnel when a terminal attached to the source egress tunnel router When the router is configured, a forwarding tunnel is established with the target egress tunnel router.
- a tunnel establishing unit configured to switch from a source egress tunnel router to a target egress tunnel when a terminal attached to the source egress tunnel router When the router is configured, a forwarding tunnel is established with the target egress tunnel router.
- a routing location information processing unit configured to receive a handover notification sent by the mapping server to carry a routing location of the target egress tunnel router; the tunnel establishing unit is configured to: according to a routing location of the target egress tunnel router, The target egress tunnel router establishes a forwarding tunnel.
- a data forwarding unit configured to send the data to the target egress tunnel router by using the forwarding tunnel when receiving data sent to the terminal.
- the tunnel removal unit is configured to remove the forwarding tunnel after the forwarding tunnel is established for a specified time.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a handover implementation system, where the system includes the source exit tunnel router, and further includes a mapping server.
- the mapping server is configured to: after the terminal switches from the source egress tunnel router to which the terminal is attached to the target egress tunnel router, send a handover notification to the source egress tunnel router, and carry a routing location of the target egress tunnel router.
- the system further includes a target egress tunnel router, where the target egress tunnel router is configured to forward the data to the terminal when receiving data sent by the source egress tunnel router to the terminal.
- the target egress tunnel router is further configured to: after the establishing the forwarding tunnel exceeds a specified time, remove the forwarding tunnel.
- the present invention obtains a new address where the NETR is located, that is, NNROC when the NETR registers the EID/NRLOC mapping in the MS, and establishes a forwarding tunnel between the OETR and the NETR.
- NNROC when the NETR registers the EID/NRLOC mapping in the MS
- the MS notifies the new address of the NETR where the OETR MN is located, and the OETR establishes a tunnel between the OETR and the NETR, and sends a message through the NETR after the handover, so that the lisp network is Seamless switching of route bypass.
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Abstract
一种切换实现方法,包括:终端从其附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器时,所述源出口隧道路由器与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
Description
一种切换实现方法、 系统和源出口隧道路由器
技术领域
本发明涉及网络技术, 尤其涉及一种基于 lisp(Location/ID Separation Protocol, 身份位置分离协议)的切换实现方法、 系统和源出口隧道路由器。
背景技术
DFZ ( Default Free Zone, 默认自由区)路由表的大小以逐渐增长的速度 增加, 它损害了路由的可扩展性和路由汇聚的执行。 路由可扩展性问题引起 了工业和学术界很大的兴趣。
IAB ( Internet Architecture Board, 因特网结构委员会)成员进行讨论认为 DFZ路由表增加的深层原因是 IP地址的双重语义造成的,在现有的网络中 IP 地址既作标识符又作位置。
目前 IRTF RRG ( Internet Research Task Force Routing Research Grou , 互 联网研究任务组路由工作组)致力于开发新的路由和地址架构来支持多穴性、 流量工程和移动性。
Lis 是以思科公司为首根据 RRG ( Routing Research Group,路由研究组) 对路由和地址研究的需求提出的一个新的路由体系框架, 通过将当前 IP地址 分离为终端标识( EID, End-identifier )和路由位置( RLOC, Routing Locators ) 来减轻 DFZ路由表的大小, 增加了扩展并减少了全局可见、 路由前缀数目。
Lisp的网络结构如图 1所示。 LISP的基本思想是在 IP层外面再封装一层 IP报文头, 用于减少边缘网络用户的增加而产生的路由对骨干网络路由表的 影响, 保持骨干网络路由表(BGP路由表)的稳定。 Lisp将现有的 IP地址系 统分为终端标识( EID )和路由位置( RLOC ) ,并引入了隧道路由器( "Tunnel Routers" ) 的概念, 隧道路由器分为入口隧道路由器 ( ITR, Ingress Tunnel Router )和出口隧道路由器( ETR, Egress Tunnel Router ) 。 ITR与 ETR均需 要在映射服务器(Map-Server, 简称 MS ) 中注册 EID与 RLOC的绑定。 对 ETR侧的主机来说, ETR负责注册此主机的 EID与 RLOC绑定, ITR负责緩
存 ETR侧主机的 EID/RLOC的绑定。 同样对 ITR侧主机来说, ITR负责注册 此主机的 EID与 RLOC的绑定。 另外, ITR负责数据的封装和映射的查找, 根据目的 EID信息查找对应的 RLOC信息, 在原主机报文的外面再封装一层 LISP头和 IP报文头。 ETR负责进行数据报文的解封装。
Lis 数据报文的封装在入口隧道路由器 ITR上完成,釆用一种" IP-IN-IP" 的方式进行封装, 在普通 IP报文的外面再封装一层 IP报文头部。 内层 IP报 文头部的源 IP地址和目的 IP地址字段分别用源 EID和目的 EID表示 , 外层 IP才艮文头部的源 IP地址和目的 IP地址分别用源 RLOC和目的 RLOC表示。 报文在网络中传递时,只需要根据外层 IP报文头部的目的 RLOC进行路由寻 址和转发, 内层 IP报文头在传递过程中保持不变, 身份标识与位置分离数据 报文的解封装在出口隧道路由器 ETR上完成。 LISP协议的数据转发流程如图 2所示。
LISP协议提出的初衷是解决路由表的规模, 并不能解决网络的移动性, 随着网络的发展, 网络的移动性是必要的, 且 lisp设计的需求要求 lisp必须 要能解决移动性、 多穴性。
华为提出了 LISP-PMIP ( Proxy Mobile IP, 代理移动 IP )来解决 LISP的 移动性, 此方案的思想是将 PMIP引人 LISP, 基于 LISP-PMIP的移动管理网 络结构如图 3所示。 LISP系统中的 ETR作为 PMIP中的 LMA( Local Mobility Anchor, 本地移动锚节点 ) , MS维护 MN (移动节点 ) 的 EID ( EID相当于 PMIP中的家乡地址(Home Address, HoA ) )和 ETR的 RLOC间映射, 在 ETR与 MN间引入 MAG ( Mobile Access Gateway, 移动接入网关) , MAG 与 ETR间建立 PMIP隧道, ETR维持 MN的 HoA和 MAG的代理 CoA( Care-of Address, 转交地址) 间的映射。
PMIP是基于网络的局域性移动性管理的一种解决方案, 其目标是定义 ΜΙΡνό的简单扩展, 支持 IPv6的基于网络的移动性管理, 并重用 ΜΙΡν6的信 令和特性。 PMIP能够实现主机的 IP移动性而不需要主机参与任何与移动相 关的信令。 PMIP协议中, 网络代替主机负责管理 IP的移动性。 网络中的移 动实体会跟踪主机的移动并且启动必需的移动信令。
PMIP的移动管理网络结构图如图 4所示, PMIP只能解决同一个 LMA
下不同的 MAG之间的切换。图 4中,由于 MAG1和 MAG2同属于一个 LMA, 移动节点可以从 MAG1 的区域切换到 MAG2 的区域。 PMIP不能解决不同 LMA下不同的 MAG之间的切换, 也就是 PMIP不能实现移动节点从图 4中 的 MAG2到 MAG3的切换。
PMIP中, LMA负责处理移动节点的路由信息, 该路由信息由移动节点 目前归属的移动接入网关转发, 发往移动节点以及移动节点发出的包都要经 过该锚点。 当一个移动节点从一个移动接入网关移动到另一个时, 移动接入 网关会向 LMA发起一个路由更新。
基于 PMIP的切换流程如图 5所示, 包括:
首先, 移动节点和新移动节点建立连接链路, 包括:
移动节点向新移动接入网关 (NMAG )发送 RtrSol ( Router Solicitation Messages, 路由请求信息) , 该信号的 IPv6源地址头可能是移动节点的局部 连接地址( Link-local address ) , 也可能是一个非特定的地址(RFC4861 ) 。
NMAG 在收到路由请求信号后, 发送 RtrAdv ( Router Advertisement Messages, 路由广播信息)给移动节点, 该信号包含移动节点的家乡网络前 缀, 该前缀将作为连接前缀。
至此, 该移动节点和新移动接入网关的连接链路建立。
在建立链路后, 执行如下步骤:
步骤 501 :链路层(2层)切换:当移动节点到达 NMAG( New Mobile Access Gateway, 新移动接入网关)的范围内, 就会接收到发自 NMAG的无线信号, 这个信号包含路由广播信息, 由此移动节点可以获得 NMAG的前缀信息。
步骤 502: OMAG (旧移动接入网关)向 LMA发送代理绑定更新( PBU, Proxy Binding Update )信号, 通知 LMA移动节点即将产生切换, 请求解除前 移动接入网关( MAG )的代理转交地址( Proxy-CoA )与移动节点的 MN-HoA 的绑定。
步骤 503 : LMA 向 OMAG发送代理绑定确认 ( PBA, Proxy Binding Acknowledgement )信号, 表示代理绑定更新信号已经收到。
步骤 504: NMAG向 LMA发送 PBU信号,请求建立移动节点的 MN-HoA
和 NMAG的 Proxy-CoA的绑定。
步骤 505: LMA向 NMAG发送 PBA信号, 表示代理绑定更新信号已经 收到。
步骤 506: NMAG和 LMA之间的双向隧道建立。 双向隧道隐藏了网络 拓朴, 移动节点利用其家乡网络前缀的地址, 可以方便的使用任意网络链接 接入移动接入网关, 双向隧道釆用 "IP-in-IP" 的方式封装。 详细见 RFC2473。
PMIP协议仅给出了移动终端在同一个 LMA下的切换管理, 对于移动出 LMA的管理范围现有的 PMIP协议不能解决。
这样不变的锚点会引发一系列的问题。 比如, 导致业界广泛承认的路由 迂回问题: 终端在一次连接及使用业务的过程中, 终端的位置可以发生变化。 当终端目前位置远离其锚点时, 终端与外界交互的数据流还要通过其锚点转 发。 特别是当终端目前位置距离其访问的业务源较近时, 路由迂回问题将会 更加明显。 路由迂回一方面会导致浪费运营商的传输承载资源, 不利于节约 成本; 另一方面增加了终端与通信对端收发 IP数据包的时延, 不利于改善用 户的业务体验; 再一方面是增大了终端的 IP包在网络上传递时遭遇网络拥塞 的可能性, 造成终端业务受阻甚至不能实现(如, 语音视频等实时业务) 。
在 LISP-PMIP中, 提出了锚点发生改变的移动性场景。 LISP-PMIP中, 釆用层次化的 PMIP来实现跨锚点的移动性, 也就是当终端移动从一个锚点 (旧的 ETR, 简称 OETR )切换到另一个锚点(新的 ETR, 简称 NETR )时, 移动终端附着到 NETR, 此时移动终端使用新的 IP地址也就是 NETR所在的 NRLOC进行通信, 但移动终端的 EID不变。 LISP中的映射服务器更新其存 储的 EID与移动终端附着的 ETR所在的 RLOC的映射。移动终端附着的 ETR 更新其存储的 EID与 MAG所在的 CoA的映射 ,也就是此时旧的 ETR( OETR ) 删除其本来存储的 OMAG所在的 CoA与 EID的绑定, NETR更新存储 NMAG 所在的 CoA与 EID的绑定。 NETR将 NRLOC与 EID的映射更新注册到 MS。 LISP中 MS的更新保证了 MN的数据包通过新的 ETR发送到 CN。
上文中 lisp-PMIP描述的只是一个简略的锚点改变的移动性场景,关于终 端移动时从其附着的 OETR切换到 NETR时终端通信过程中, 数据流如何通 过 OETR转发切换到通过 NETR转发, 均没有具体的方案介绍。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于 lisp的切换通知的实现方法、 系统和源出口隧道路由器, 保证切换时数据流能正确转发。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了一种切换实现方法, 包括:
终端从其附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器时, 所述 源出口隧道路由器与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
优选地, 上述方法还可具有以下特点, 所述源出口隧道路由器与所述目 标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道包括: 映射服务器在所述终端从其附着的源 出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器后, 向所述源出口隧道路由器发 送切换通知, 携带所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置。
优选地, 所述源出口隧道路由器与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧 道还包括: 所述源出口隧道路由器接收到映射服务器发送的切换通知后, 根 据所述切换通知中携带的所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置, 与所述目标 出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
优选地, 上述方法还可具有以下特点, 所述方法还包括: 所述源出口隧 道路由器接收到发给所述终端的数据时, 通过所述转发隧道将所述数据发送 给所述目标出口隧道路由器, 由所述目标出口隧道路由器转发给所述终端。
优选地, 上述方法还可具有以下特点, 所述方法还包括: 所述源出口隧 道路由器或目标出口隧道路由器在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除 所述转发隧道。
本发明还提供一种源出口隧道路由器, 包括隧道建立单元, 设置为: 当 附着在所述源出口隧道路由器的终端从所述源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出 口隧道路由器时, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
优选地, 源出口隧道路由器还包括路由位置信息处理单元, 设置为: 接 收映射服务器发送的携带所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置的切换通知。
优选地, 所述隧道建立单元是设置为: 根据所述目标出口隧道路由器的 路由位置, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
优选地, 所述源出口隧道路由器还包括数据转发单元设置为: 接收到发 给所述终端的数据时, 通过所述转发隧道将所述数据发送给所述目标出口隧 道路由器。
优选地, 所述源出口隧道路由器还包括隧道拆除单元, 设置为: 在建立 所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
本发明还提供一种切换实现系统,所述系统包括上述源出口隧道路由器, 还包括映射服务器, 所述映射服务器设置为: 在所述终端从其附着的源出口 隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器后, 向所述源源出口隧道路由器发送 切换通知, 携带所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置。
优选地, 所述系统还包括目标出口隧道路由器, 所述目标出口隧道路由 器还设置为: 接收到所述源出口隧道路由器转发的发给所述终端的数据时, 将所述数据转发给所述终端。
优选地, 所述源出口隧道路由器还设置为: 接收所述切换通知后, 发送 隧道建立请求给目标出口隧道路由器。
优选地, 目标出口隧道路由器还设置为: 收到建立隧道请求后, 与源出 口隧道路由器建立转发隧道, 并返回建立隧道响应给源出口隧道路由器。
优选地, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还设置为: 在建立转发隧道的同时在 本地启用一个定时器。
优选地, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还设置为: 在建立所述转发隧道超过 指定时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
优选地, 所述源出口隧道路由器还设置为: 收到建立隧道响应时, 启用 一个定时器, 当定时器超时, 拆除所述转发隧道。
本发明实施例在 lisp的移动性管理过程中 , 通过 MS通知 OETR MN所 在 NETR的新地址, OETR主动与 NETR之间建立隧道,移动切换后通过 NETR 发送报文, 做到了 lisp网络无路由迂回的无缝切换。 附图概述
图 1是 lisp网络结构示意图;
图 2是 Lisp数据转发过程示意图;
图 3基于 lisp-PMIP的移动管理网络结构示意图;
图 4是 PMIP的移动管理网络结构示意图;
图 5是 PMIP切换管理信号流程示意图;
图 6是 lisp切换通知流程网络结构示意图;
图 7是 lisp移动切换方法流程图;
图 8是本发明实施例源出口隧道路由器框图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白, 下文中将结合附图 对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申 请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
本发明实施例中, MN从 OETR切换到 NETR后 , NETR将 EID/NRLOC ( NETR所在的 IP地址 ) 映射在 MS中进行注册更新 , MS接收到 NETR发 送来的 EID/NRLOC映射请求后, MS将其内存储的 MN的 EID/ORLOC映射 更新为 EID/NRLOC, 同时 MS发送切换通知给 OETR, 通知 OETR MN已切 换到 NETR的地址 NRLOC。
本发明实施例中, EID通过静态配置获得, 在 lisp网络中, MN的 EID 在切换前后保持不变。 当 MN从一个位置 A移到另一个位置 A'时, MN从所 连接的 OETR切换到 NETR, OETR与 NETR所在的 IP地址是不同的 , 也就 是 MN的路由地址分别是 ORLOC与 NRLOC , 但 MN的身份标识 EID不变, 也就是在 MN移动前后, MN用不同的 RLOC与对端 CN进行通信, 但其身 份标识 EID不变, 保证了 lisp网络的无缝切换。
本发明提出了一种基于 lisp的切换实现方法包括:
终端从其附着的 OETR切换到 NETR时 , 所述 OETR与所述 NETR建立 转发隧道。
其中 , 所述 OETR与所述 NETR建立转发隧道包括:
终端从其附着的 OETR切换到 NETR后, MS发送切换通知给 OETR, 通知所述源出口隧道路由器所述终端已切换到目标出口隧道路由器, 携带所 述 NETR的路由位置;
所述 OETR接收到映射服务器发送的切换通知后, 根据所述切换通知中 携带的所述 NETR的路由位置, 与所述 NETR建立转发隧道。 建立转发隧道 时, 所述 OETR将所述终端的身份标识和所述 OETR的路由位置发送给所述 NETR。
所述方法还包括: 所述 OETR接收到发给所述终端的数据时, 通过所述 转发隧道将所述数据发送给所述 NETR, 由所述 NETR转发给所述终端。
所述方法还包括: 所述 OETR或 NETR在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时 间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。 可以在 OETR处设置定时器, 超时后由 OETR发 起, 也可以在 NETR处设置定时器, 超时后由 NETR发起隧道拆除。
本发明体系结构如图 6所示, 包括 lisp 网络、 MN、 ETR、 ITR和映射月良 务器 MS。 其中映射服务器 MS存储 ETR在其注册的 EID/RLOC映射。 流程 如图 7所示, 包括:
步骤 701a: MN从 OETR切换到 NETR后, NETR将 EID/NRLOC在 MS 中进行注册更新, 即 NETR发送 EID/NRLOC映射注册 /更新请求给 MS;
步骤 701b: MS将其存储的 EID/ORLOC更新为 EID/NRLOC, 并返回注 册 /更新响应给 NETR, 消息中携带 MN的 NRLOC和 EID;
步骤 702a: 步骤 701a后, MS发送切换通知给 OETR, 消息中携带 EID 与 NRLOC;
其中, 步骤 702a与步骤 701b没有先后次序。
步骤 702b: OETR收到切换通知后, 发送切换响应给 MS;
步骤 703a: 步骤 702a后, OETR发送建立隧道请求给 NETR, 消息中携 带 EID与 ORLOC;
步骤 703b: NETR收到建立隧道请求后,根据移动性相关的消息与 OETR 建立转发隧道,并返回建立隧道响应给 OETR。 NETR在建立转发隧道的同时
在本地启用一个定时器 t, 当定时器超时, 拆除隧道。 也可以由 OETR启用定 时器, 当定时器超时, 拆除隧道。
转发隧道建立后, MN的下行数据通过 OETR和 NETR进行转发。 定时 器超时后 , MN直接通过 NETR及 NMAG收发数据。
本发明实施例还提供一种源出口隧道路由器, 如图 8所示, 包括: 隧道建立单元: 用于当附着在所述源出口隧道路由器的终端从所述源出 口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器时, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建 立转发隧道。
路由位置信息处理单元: 用于接收映射服务器发送的携带所述目标出口 隧道路由器的路由位置的切换通知; 所述隧道建立单元是用于: 根据所述目 标出口隧道路由器的路由位置, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
数据转发单元, 用于接收到发给所述终端的数据时, 通过所述转发隧道 将所述数据发送给所述目标出口隧道路由器。
隧道拆除单元, 用于在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除所述转 发隧道。
本发明实施例还提供一种切换实现系统, 所述系统包括上述源出口隧道 路由器, 还包括映射服务器,
所述映射服务器用于: 在所述终端从其附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到 目标出口隧道路由器后, 向所述源源出口隧道路由器发送切换通知, 并携带 所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置。
其中, 所述系统还包括目标出口隧道路由器, 所述目标出口隧道路由器 用于接收到所述源出口隧道路由器转发的发给所述终端的数据时, 将所述数 据转发给所述终端。
其中, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还用于: 在建立所述转发隧道超过指定 时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
本发明通过 MS收到 NETR在 MS中注册 EID/NRLOC映射时获得 NETR 所在的新地址即 NRLOC, 并通过 OETR与 NETR之间建立转发隧道的方法
来解决 lisp网络中终端移动时从其附着的 OETR切换到 NETR时终端通信过 程中数据流通过 OETR转发切换到通过 NETR转发。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
工业实用性 本发明实施例在 lisp的移动性管理过程中 , 通过 MS通知 OETR MN所 在 NETR的新地址, OETR主动与 NETR之间建立隧道,移动切换后通过 NETR 发送报文, 做到了 lisp网络无路由迂回的无缝切换。
Claims
1、 一种切换实现方法, 包括:
终端从其附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由器时, 所述 源出口隧道路由器与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述源出口隧道路由器与所述目标 出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道包括:
映射服务器在所述终端从其附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧 道路由器后, 向所述源出口隧道路由器发送切换通知, 携带所述目标出口隧 道路由器的路由位置。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述源出口隧道路由器与所述目标 出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道还包括:
所述源出口隧道路由器接收到映射服务器发送的切换通知后, 根据所述 切换通知中携带的所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置, 与所述目标出口隧 道路由器建立转发隧道。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的方法, 其中, 所述方法还包括: 所述源 出口隧道路由器接收到发给所述终端的数据时, 通过所述转发隧道将所述数 据发送给所述目标出口隧道路由器, 由所述目标出口隧道路由器转发给所述 终端。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述方法还包括: 所述源出口隧道 路由器在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述方法还包括: 所述目标出口隧 道路由器在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
7、 一种源出口隧道路由器, 包括隧道建立单元, 设置为: 当附着在所述 源出口隧道路由器的终端从所述源出口隧道路由器切换到目标出口隧道路由 器时, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的源出口隧道路由器, 其中,
所述源出口隧道路由器还包括路由位置信息处理单元, 设置为: 接收映
射服务器发送的携带所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置的切换通知。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的源出口隧道路由器, 其中,
所述隧道建立单元是设置为:根据所述目标出口隧道路由器的路由位置, 与所述目标出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道。
10、 如权利要求 7或 8或 9所述的源出口隧道路由器, 其中,
所述源出口隧道路由器还包括数据转发单元, 设置为: 接收到发给所述 终端的数据时, 通过所述转发隧道将所述数据发送给所述目标出口隧道路由 器。
11、 如权利要求 7或 8或 9所述的源出口隧道路由器, 其中, 所述源出 口隧道路由器还包括隧道拆除单元, 设置为: 在建立所述转发隧道超过指定 时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
12、 一种切换实现系统, 所述系统包括如权利要求 7-11任一所述的源出 口隧道路由器, 还包括映射服务器, 其中:
所述映射服务器设置为: 在终端从所附着的源出口隧道路由器切换到目 标出口隧道路由器后, 向所述源出口隧道路由器发送切换通知, 携带所述目 标出口隧道路由器的路由位置。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的系统, 其中, 所述系统还包括目标出口隧道路 由器, 所述目标出口隧道路由器设置为: 接收到所述源出口隧道路由器转发 的发给所述终端的数据时, 将所述数据转发给所述终端。
14、如权利要求 12所述的系统,其中,所述源出口隧道路由器还设置为: 接收所述切换通知后, 发送隧道建立请求给目标出口隧道路由器。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的系统, 其中, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还设置 为: 收到建立隧道请求后, 与源出口隧道路由器建立转发隧道, 并返回建立 隧道响应给源出口隧道路由器。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的系统, 其中, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还设置 为: 在建立转发隧道的同时在本地启用一个定时器。
17、 如权利要求 15所述的系统, 其中, 所述目标出口隧道路由器还设置 为: 在建立所述转发隧道超过指定时间后, 拆除所述转发隧道。
18、如权利要求 15所述的系统,其中,所述源出口隧道路由器还设置为: 收到建立隧道响应时, 启用一个定时器, 当定时器超时, 拆除所述转发隧道。
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