WO2012137289A1 - 蓄電モジュール - Google Patents
蓄電モジュール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012137289A1 WO2012137289A1 PCT/JP2011/058540 JP2011058540W WO2012137289A1 WO 2012137289 A1 WO2012137289 A1 WO 2012137289A1 JP 2011058540 W JP2011058540 W JP 2011058540W WO 2012137289 A1 WO2012137289 A1 WO 2012137289A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- storage module
- power storage
- positive
- land
- bus bar
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
- H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/519—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power storage module, and more particularly, to a power storage module having a battery cell temperature detector.
- Secondary battery cells such as lithium ion secondary battery cells, nickel hydride secondary battery cells, and nickel cadmium secondary battery cells have been rapidly spreading in recent years as power sources for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles.
- a secondary battery cell used as a power source for an automobile is usually a power storage module in which a plurality of secondary battery cells are connected in series with a bus bar.
- the secondary battery cell is likely to deteriorate in performance related to the battery life, such as capacity reduction under a high temperature environment. On the contrary, the output of the battery is likely to decrease in a low temperature environment.
- the secondary battery cell it is necessary to manage the secondary battery cell at an appropriate temperature.
- the surface temperature of the battery container of the secondary battery cell is usually detected by a temperature sensor. ing.
- a temperature sensor is fastened to a bus bar that connects a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal of an adjacent secondary battery, and a pair of lead terminals of the temperature sensor is provided on a circuit board.
- a structure for soldering to a circuit pattern is known.
- the member for attaching the temperature sensor and the circuit pattern for soldering the lead terminals of the temperature sensor are different members.
- the bus bar and the circuit board are not located on the same plane and are arranged with a step. For this reason, since it is necessary to bend the lead terminal of a temperature sensor, there exists a subject that an assemblability is bad and the storage and conveyance in the state made into the subassembly take time.
- the power storage module according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an electrode group having positive and negative electrodes and positive and negative current collectors connected to the positive and negative electrodes housed in a battery container.
- the positive and negative external terminals connected to the negative current collector plate are exposed to the outside of the battery container, and the temperature detection is connected to the positive or negative external terminal of the battery cell.
- a circuit board having wiring and a temperature detector that is thermally coupled to the wiring and detects the temperature of the battery cell are provided.
- the power storage module according to the second aspect of the present invention is preferably the power storage module according to claim 1, wherein the wiring has a land, and the temperature detector is thermally coupled to the land.
- a power storage module according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the power storage module according to any one of claims 2 to 3, further comprising a bus bar that connects external terminals of opposite polarities of adjacent battery cells, and the circuit board is -It can be set as the aspect which has a through-hole which penetrates the external terminal of a negative electrode, and the land is provided around the through-hole.
- the power storage module according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the power storage module according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a bus bar for connecting external terminals of opposite polarities of adjacent battery cells, and the circuit board is a bus bar. It is possible to adopt a mode in which a through hole is provided through the protrusion formed in the, and the land is provided around the through hole.
- the power storage module according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the power storage module according to claim 5, wherein the bus bar has a welded region welded to the positive and negative external terminals, and each welded region has a plurality of welded portions.
- the bus bar may have a slit provided between the welding parts.
- the power storage module according to the seventh aspect of the present invention may be a power storage module according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bus bar protrusion and the land are soldered.
- the power storage module according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the power storage module according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the temperature detector is disposed on the land via a heat conductive resin, It is desirable that the portion where the temperature detector is disposed is formed narrower than the portion connected to the external terminal.
- An electricity storage module according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the electricity storage module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wiring and the temperature detector are thermally coupled via a heat conductive resin. desirable.
- the temperature detector is provided on the circuit board voltage detection wiring, the assemblability is improved.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a power storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the whole side view which looked at the electrical storage module illustrated by FIG. 2 from the side surface.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line IV-IV of the power storage module illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the top view as one Embodiment of the circuit board for voltage detection with which the electrical storage module of this invention was equipped.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the power storage module illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the front view of the battery cell which comprises the electrical storage module as Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- the whole side view which shows Embodiment 2 of the electrical storage module of this invention.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line IX-IX of the power storage module illustrated in FIG. 13.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a battery cell connection bus bar illustrated in FIG. 9. The perspective view of the bus bar for wiring connection.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of a circuit board for voltage detection illustrated in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of the power storage module illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the power storage module of the present invention is not intended to be limited, but can be applied, for example, as a power storage device for an in-vehicle power supply device of an electric vehicle, particularly an electric vehicle.
- the electric vehicle includes a hybrid electric vehicle including an engine that is an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as a driving source of the vehicle, and a genuine electric vehicle using the electric motor as the only driving source of the vehicle.
- a hybrid vehicle drive system to which the power storage module of the present invention is applied will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive system having a power storage module as one embodiment of the present invention.
- a hybrid vehicle drive system shown in FIG. 1 includes a power storage module device 21, a battery control device 100 that monitors the power storage module device 21, an inverter device 220 that converts DC power from the power storage module device 21 into three-phase AC power, and a vehicle drive system.
- the motor generator 7 is provided. The motor generator 7 is driven by the three-phase AC power from the inverter device 220.
- the inverter device 220 and the battery control device 100 are connected by CAN communication, and the inverter device 220 functions as a host controller for the battery control device 100. Inverter device 220 operates based on command information from control device 10.
- the inverter device 220 includes a power module 226, an MCU 222 that controls the inverter device, and a driver circuit 224 for driving the power module 226.
- the power module 226 converts the DC power supplied from the power storage module device 21 into three-phase AC power for driving the motor generator 7 as a motor.
- a large-capacity smoothing capacitor of about 700 ⁇ F to about 2000 ⁇ F is provided between the high voltage lines HV + and HV ⁇ connected to the power module 226.
- the smoothing capacitor serves to reduce voltage noise applied to the integrated circuit provided in the battery control device 100.
- the charge of the smoothing capacitor is substantially zero, and when the relay RL is closed, a large initial current flows into the smoothing capacitor.
- the relay RL may be fused and damaged due to the large current.
- the MCU 222 further charges the smoothing capacitor by changing the precharge relay RLp from the open state to the closed state at the start of driving of the motor generator 7 in accordance with a command from the control device 10, and thereafter
- the power supply from the power storage module device 21 to the inverter device 220 is started by changing the RL from the open state to the closed state.
- charging charging is performed while limiting the maximum current via the resistor Rp.
- the inverter device 220 controls the phase of the AC power generated by the power module 226 with respect to the rotor of the motor generator 7 so that the motor generator 7 operates as a generator during vehicle braking. That is, regenerative braking control is performed, and the power generated by the generator operation is regenerated to the power storage module device 21 to charge the power storage module device 21.
- the inverter device 220 operates using the motor generator 7 as a generator.
- the three-phase AC power generated by the motor generator 7 is converted into DC power by the power module 226 and supplied to the power storage module device 21. As a result, the power storage module device 21 is charged.
- the MCU 222 controls the driver circuit 224 so as to generate a rotating magnetic field in the forward direction with respect to the rotation of the rotor of the motor generator 7 in accordance with a command from the control device 10. Then, the switching operation of the power module 226 is controlled. In this case, DC power is supplied from the power storage module device 21 to the power module 226.
- the MCU 222 controls the driver circuit 224 to generate a rotating magnetic field in a delay direction with respect to the rotation of the rotor of the motor generator 7, and the power The switching operation of the module 226 is controlled. In this case, electric power is supplied from the motor generator 7 to the power module 226, and DC power of the power module 226 is supplied to the power storage module device 21. As a result, the motor generator 7 acts as a generator.
- the power module 226 of the inverter device 220 performs conduction and interruption operations at high speed and performs power conversion between DC power and AC power. At this time, since a large current is interrupted at a high speed, a large voltage fluctuation occurs due to the inductance of the DC circuit. In order to suppress this voltage fluctuation, the above-described large-capacity smoothing capacitor is provided.
- the power storage module device 21 includes, for example, two power storage modules 20A and 20B connected in series here.
- Each power storage module 20A, 20B includes a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series.
- the power storage module 20A and the power storage module 20B are connected in series via a service disconnect SD-SW for maintenance / inspection in which a switch and a fuse are connected in series.
- a service disconnect SD-SW By opening this service disconnect SD-SW, the series circuit of the electric circuit is cut off, and even if a connection circuit is formed at one place between the storage modules 20A and 20B and the vehicle, no current flows. .
- high safety can be maintained. Even if an operator touches between HV + and HV ⁇ during inspection, it is safe because a high voltage is not applied to the human body.
- a battery disconnect unit BDU including a relay RL, a resistor Rp, and a precharge relay RLp is provided on the high-voltage line HV + between the power storage module device 21 and the inverter device 220.
- a series circuit of the resistor Rp and the precharge relay RLp is connected in parallel with the relay RL.
- Battery control device 100 mainly measures the voltage of each battery cell, measures the total voltage, measures the current, adjusts the temperature of the battery cell, and the capacity of each battery cell. Therefore, a plurality of battery control ICs (integrated circuits) are provided as cell controllers.
- the plurality of battery cells provided in each power storage module 20A, 20B are divided into a plurality of cell groups, and one cell controller IC that controls the battery cells included in each cell group is provided for each cell group. ing.
- the power storage device 11 includes a battery control device 100 and a power storage module device 21. As will be described later, the battery control device 100 and the power storage module device 21 are connected by voltage detection wiring via a connector provided on the substrate of the battery control device 100.
- the voltage detection wiring is used for detecting the voltage of each battery cell constituting the power storage module, and is used for discharging (balancing) each battery cell. In the present invention, the voltage detection wiring is used for further charging.
- Each of the cell controllers IC1 to IC4 for controlling each cell group includes a communication system 602 and a 1-bit communication system 604.
- serial communication is performed with the microcomputer 30 that controls the power storage module device 21 in a daisy chain manner via an insulating element (for example, photocoupler) PH.
- the 1-bit communication system 604 transmits an abnormal signal when cell overcharge is detected.
- the communication system 602 is divided into an upper communication path for the cell controllers IC1 and IC2 of the power storage module 20A and a lower communication path for the cell controllers IC3 and IC4 of the power storage module 20B. That is, the microcomputer 30 functions as a host controller of the cell controllers IC1 to IC4.
- Each cell controller IC performs an abnormality diagnosis and transmits an abnormality signal from the transmission terminal when it determines that it is abnormal or when an abnormality signal is received from the host cell controller IC at the reception terminal.
- an abnormal signal that has already been received at the receiving terminal disappears or when the abnormality determination of itself becomes normal, the abnormal signal transmitted from the transmitting terminal disappears.
- This abnormal signal is a 1-bit signal in this embodiment.
- the microcomputer 30 does not transmit an abnormal signal to the cell controller IC, but in order to diagnose that the 1-bit communication system 604 that is the transmission path of the abnormal signal operates correctly, a test signal that is a pseudo abnormal signal is transmitted to the 1-bit communication system 604.
- a test signal that is a pseudo abnormal signal is transmitted to the 1-bit communication system 604.
- the cell controller IC1 sends an abnormal signal to the communication system 604, and the abnormal signal is received by the cell controller IC2.
- the abnormal signal is transmitted from the cell controller IC2 to the cell controllers IC3 and IC4 in order, and finally returned from the cell controller IC4 to the microcomputer 30.
- the pseudo abnormal signal transmitted from the microcomputer 30 returns to the microcomputer 30 via the communication system 604.
- the microcomputer 30 can send and receive the pseudo-abnormal signal to diagnose the communication system 604, and the reliability of the system is improved.
- a current sensor Si such as a Hall element is installed in the battery disconnect unit BDU, and the output of the current sensor Si is input to the microcomputer 30.
- a signal related to the total voltage of the power storage module device 21 and the temperature of each battery cell is also input to the microcomputer 30 and is measured by an AD converter (ADC) of the microcomputer 30.
- the temperature sensors are provided at a plurality of locations in the power storage modules 20A and 20B.
- the rotational speed or cooling of a cooling fan for cooling the power storage modules 20A and 20B Control the driver and pump speed to adjust the water supply.
- each IC performs discharge for adjusting the capacity of the battery cell in response to a command from the microcomputer 30.
- a resistor and a balancing switch are connected in series between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each battery cell. Therefore, in order to discharge the battery cell, a discharge command is sent from the microcomputer 30 and the balancing switch is turned on. Thereby, a balancing current flows through the path of the positive electrode terminal, the resistor, the balancing switch, the resistor, and the negative electrode terminal of the battery cell.
- a communication command from the microcomputer 30 is input to the communication system 602 via the photocoupler PH, and is received at the reception terminal of the IC 1 via the communication system 602.
- Data and commands corresponding to the communication commands are transmitted from the transmission terminal of the IC1.
- the communication command received at the reception terminal of IC2 is transmitted from the transmission terminal.
- reception and transmission are performed in order, and the transmission signal is transmitted from the transmission terminal of the IC 3 and received by the reception terminal of the microcomputer 30 via the photocoupler PH.
- the IC1 to IC4 transmit measurement data such as cell voltage to the microcomputer 30 and perform a balancing operation according to the received communication command. Further, each of IC1 to IC4 detects cell overcharge based on the measured cell voltage. The detection result (abnormal signal) is transmitted to the microcomputer 30 via the signal system 604.
- the power storage module device 21 is connected to the battery control device 100 by the voltage detection wiring 301 via the connector 401. Signals relating to the total voltage of the power storage module device 21 and the temperature of each battery cell are input to the microcomputer 30.
- the power storage module device 21 is connected to the current sensor Si, and the output of the current sensor Si is input to the microcomputer 30.
- the motor generator 7 operates as a generator, the electric power generated by the motor generator 7 charges each battery cell of the power storage module device 21 by regenerative control.
- the battery cell in the electrical storage module apparatus 21 is overcharged, it discharges via a balancing switch (not shown).
- the power storage module device 21 is configured by connecting two power storage modules 20A and 20B with a service disconnect SD-SW. Each battery cell of each power storage module 20A, 20B is connected to each voltage detection wiring 301 formed on the circuit board 350 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- the circuit board 350 is provided with a connector 401, and each voltage detection wiring 301 is connected to the battery control device 100 via the connector 401.
- the structure of the power storage modules 20A and 20B will be described. However, since the power storage modules 20A and 20B basically have the same function and structure, they will be described as the power storage module 20 as a representative.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a power storage module as an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an overall side view of the power storage module illustrated in FIG. 2 as viewed from the side.
- the power storage module 20 includes eight battery cells 320.
- Each battery cell 320 is a square lithium ion secondary battery, for example, and has a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole.
- the battery cell 320 includes a battery container 321, and a positive external terminal 331 and a negative external terminal 341 that protrude outside the battery container 321.
- the battery cell 320 is arranged in such a manner that the positive electrode external terminal 331 and the negative electrode external terminal 341 are alternately opposite to each other, in other words, the external terminals having opposite polarities are opposed to each other and the wide surfaces are in close contact with each other. Yes.
- Adjacent positive and negative external terminals 331 and 341 are connected by a bus bar 361.
- the positive electrode external terminal 331 and the negative electrode external terminal 341 of one battery cell 320 are respectively connected to the negative electrode external terminal 341 and the positive electrode external terminal 331 of different battery cells 320, and the eight battery cells are All are connected in series.
- the negative external terminal 341 of the first battery cell 320 connected in series and the positive external terminal 331 of the last battery cell 320 are not connected by the bus bar 361 and, as will be described later, in the voltage detection wiring 301, Connected directly.
- a circuit board 350 is disposed on the bus bar 361.
- a plurality of voltage detection wirings 301 and a temperature detection wiring 302 are formed, and a connector 401 to which the wirings 301 and 302 are connected is provided.
- the voltage detection wiring 301 is connected to an operational amplifier through a multiplexer (not shown).
- the multiplexer sequentially switches the connection with the battery cell 320, and the operational amplifier detects the voltage of each battery cell 320.
- the detected voltage of each battery cell 32 is converted into a digital value by the A / D conversion circuit and held in the storage unit of the microcomputer 30.
- the positive external terminal 331 and the negative external terminal 341 connected by one bus bar 361 have the same potential. Therefore, the voltage detection wiring 301 is provided for each external terminal connected by the bus bar 361. In the present embodiment, the voltage detection wiring 301 is formed corresponding to each negative external terminal 341.
- a land 351 is formed on the circuit board 350 corresponding to each negative external terminal 341.
- the negative external terminal 341 and the positive external terminal 331 are bolt-shaped members having a thread portion formed on the outer periphery, and are fixed to the circuit board 350 by nuts 359, respectively.
- a land 351 is formed on the circuit board 350 corresponding to the negative electrode external terminal 341. By fastening the nut 359, the negative electrode external terminal 341 is thermally and electrically connected to the land 351 via the nut 359. Is done.
- the land 352 has a protrusion 353 extending toward the center side of the circuit board 350.
- a temperature sensor (temperature detector) 381 is mounted on the protrusion 353 of the land 352 across the protrusion 353.
- a voltage detection wiring 301 is connected to the protruding portion 353 of the land 352.
- a temperature detection wiring 302 is connected to a pair of connection terminals of the temperature sensor 381. The other end of the temperature detection wiring 302 is connected to the connector 401.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of the power storage module 20 shown in FIG.
- the battery cell 320 includes a battery container 321 having a rectangular flat shape.
- the battery container 321 includes a battery can 321a having an opening at the top, and a lid 321b that closes the opening of the battery can 321a and is joined to the battery can 321a by laser welding or the like.
- the lid 321b is made of aluminum, for example.
- the lid 321b is formed with a through hole through which the electrode connection plate 323 connected to the positive external terminal 331 or the negative external terminal 341 is inserted.
- An insulating member 325 having an opening at the center is fitted into the through hole, and an electrode connection plate 323 is fitted into the through hole of the insulating member 325.
- a wound electrode group 322 is accommodated in the battery container 321.
- the wound electrode group 322 is formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode in a flat shape with a separator interposed therebetween.
- the positive electrode is obtained by coating a positive electrode mixture layer on both surfaces of a positive electrode metal foil made of, for example, an aluminum foil.
- the positive electrode mixture layer is coated on one side edge so that a positive electrode mixture untreated portion where the positive electrode metal foil is exposed is formed.
- the negative electrode is obtained by coating a negative electrode mixture layer on both surfaces of a negative electrode metal foil made of copper foil or the like.
- the negative electrode mixture layer is applied so that a negative electrode mixture untreated portion with the negative electrode metal foil exposed is formed on the other side edge opposite to the side edge where the positive electrode mixture untreated portion is disposed. It is being crafted.
- the positive electrode mixture is obtained by adding 10 parts by weight of flaky graphite as a conductive material and 10 parts by weight of PVDF as a binder to 100 parts by weight of lithium manganate (chemical formula LiMn 2 O 4 ) as a positive electrode active material, This is prepared by adding NMP as a dispersion solvent and kneading. This positive electrode mixture is applied to both surfaces of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, leaving the untreated portion of the positive electrode mixture. Thereafter, drying, pressing, and cutting are performed to obtain a positive electrode having a thickness of 90 ⁇ m, which is a positive electrode active material coating portion that does not contain an aluminum foil.
- the negative electrode mixture is prepared by adding 10 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (hereinafter referred to as PVDF) as a binder to 100 parts by weight of amorphous carbon powder as a negative electrode active material, and adding N- Methyl bilolidon (hereinafter referred to as NMP) is added and kneaded.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N- Methyl bilolidon
- a non-aqueous electrolyte is also injected.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte include 1 mol / L of lithium hexafluorophosphate in a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) in a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- a positive current collector plate 327a is fixed to the lid 321b by caulking or the like.
- the positive electrode current collector plate 327a is made of aluminum or the like.
- a negative electrode current collecting plate 327b is fixed to the lid 321b by caulking or the like.
- the negative electrode current collector plate 327b is made of copper or the like.
- the positive electrode mixture untreated portion of the wound positive electrode is laminated on one side edge side, and the negative electrode mixture of the negative electrode mixture is not on the other side edge side opposite to the one side edge side. Processing units are stacked.
- the positive electrode current collector plate 327a and the negative electrode current collector plate 327b are bent in a substantially vertical direction from the attachment portion attached to the lid 321b, and further inclined toward the central portion side in the thickness direction of the battery cell 320.
- the portion again has a shape bent in a direction perpendicular to the mounting portion.
- the positive electrode current collector plate 327a is joined to the positive electrode mixture untreated portion
- the negative electrode current collector plate 327b is joined to the negative electrode mixture untreated portion by ultrasonic welding or the like.
- the positive and negative current collecting plates 327a and 327b and the electrode connecting plate 323 are insulated from the lid 321b by an insulating member 325.
- a positive external terminal 331 or a negative external terminal 341 having a threaded portion formed on the outer periphery is connected on each electrode connection plate 323, a positive external terminal 331 or a negative external terminal 341 having a threaded portion formed on the outer periphery is connected. This connection can be performed by caulking the positive external terminal 331 or the negative external terminal 341 and each electrode connection plate 323 directly or via a conductive connection plate (not shown).
- the positive electrode external terminal 331 and the negative electrode external terminal 341 have large diameter portions 331a and 341a, respectively.
- Adjacent positive external terminal 331 and negative external terminal 341 are connected by a bus bar 361.
- the bus bar 361 has a through hole through which the positive external terminal 331 and the negative external terminal 341 are inserted.
- the through hole is inserted into the positive electrode external terminal 331 and the negative electrode external terminal 341, and the bus bar 361 is welded to the large diameter portions 331a and 341a of the positive and negative external terminals 331 and 341 by arc welding such as TIG (Titan Inert Gas) welding. Join.
- TIG Tin Inert Gas
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of the upper surface side of the circuit board 350 for voltage detection
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the upper surface side of the power storage module 20. In the following description, FIGS. 5 and 6 are referred to together with FIG.
- a land 351 is formed on the circuit board 350 corresponding to the negative external terminal 341. Further, a land 352 is formed corresponding to the negative electrode external terminal 341 of the battery cell 320 disposed almost at the center of the power storage module 20 and the positive electrode terminal 331 of the battery cell 320 located at the end of the array of the power storage module 20. ing.
- the circuit board 350 is formed with a through hole 355 through which the positive external terminal 331 or the negative external terminal 341 is inserted.
- the positive external terminal 331 and the negative external terminal 341 pass through the through hole 355 of the circuit board 350 and protrude above the circuit board 350.
- a nut 359 is screwed into the protruding portion, and the circuit board 350 and the bus bar 361 are fastened. Thereby, the eight battery cells 320 and the circuit board 350 are integrated.
- the negative electrode mixture untreated portion of the wound electrode group 322, the negative electrode current collector plate 327b, the electrode connection plate 323, the negative electrode external terminal 341, the nut 359, and the land 351 or 352 are thermally transmitted. And electrical connections are made.
- the land 352 formed corresponding to the positive electrode terminal 331 of the battery cell 320 located at the end of the arrangement of the power storage modules 20 includes a positive electrode mixture untreated portion of the wound electrode group 322, a positive electrode current collector plate 327a, Thermal and electrical connections are made through the paths of the electrode connection plate 323, the positive electrode external terminal 331, the nut 359, and the land 352.
- the land 352 provided on the circuit board 350 is formed with a protruding portion 353 that is narrower than the portion to which the nut 359 is fastened.
- Pads 354 are provided on both sides of the projecting portion 353 in the circuit board 350 in the width direction.
- a temperature detection wiring 302 formed on the circuit board 350 connects each pad 354 and the connector 401.
- a heat conducting member 362 made of a putty or adhesive sheet having high heat conductivity is formed on the projecting portion 353 of the land 352.
- a heat conducting member 362 made of a putty or adhesive sheet having high heat conductivity is formed.
- the heat conducting member 362 for example, a silicone resin or the like can be used.
- a temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the heat conducting member 362.
- the temperature sensor 381 is a chip type, and the pair of connection terminals 381a and 381b are arranged in a state of straddling the protruding portion 353 of the land 352 in the width direction so as to correspond to the pad 354, respectively. Then, the pair of connection terminals 381a and 381b are respectively soldered to the pads 354 by soldering.
- the heat conducting member 362 has a function of preventing thermal conductivity from being lowered due to air interposed between the land 352 and the temperature sensor 381.
- FIG. 1 A plan view from the upper surface side of the power storage module 20 formed in this manner is shown in FIG.
- the positive electrode external terminal 331 and the negative electrode external terminal 341 of adjacent battery cells 320 are connected by a bus bar 361.
- Each negative external terminal 341 is connected to a voltage detection wiring 301 via a land 351 or 352 provided on the circuit board 350.
- the negative external terminal 341 of the first battery cell 320 and the positive external terminal 331 of the last battery cell 320 in the array of the storage modules 20 are directly connected to the voltage detection wiring 301 provided on the circuit board 350. Yes.
- the voltage of each battery cell is detected, and a signal related to the voltage is input to the microcomputer 30 via the battery control device 100 to control the charging / discharging of each battery cell 320, and the voltage variation between the battery cells 320 is detected.
- a signal related to the voltage is input to the microcomputer 30 via the battery control device 100 to control the charging / discharging of each battery cell 320, and the voltage variation between the battery cells 320 is detected.
- the temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the land 352 formed on the circuit board 350. Since the temperature of each battery cell 320 is transmitted to the land 352 via the negative electrode external terminal 341 and the nut 359, the temperature sensor 381 can detect the temperature of each battery cell 320. A signal related to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 381 is input to the microcomputer 30 via the battery control device 100 from the temperature detection wiring 302 formed on the circuit board 350. In the microcomputer 30, although not shown, based on the input temperature of each battery cell 320 or the average temperature of the power storage module 20, a driver and pump rotation that adjust the number of rotations of a cooling fan or the amount of cooling water supplied The number can be controlled.
- the temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the land 352 formed on the circuit board 350 as described above.
- the land 352 and the temperature detection wiring 302 are formed on the same circuit board 350. For this reason, assembly property is favorable and productivity can be improved.
- the land 352 has both functions for voltage detection and temperature detection. For this reason, the detected temperature becomes accurate and the area of the circuit board 350 can be reduced.
- a chip-type temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the circuit board 350. For this reason, the circuit board assembly can be made small, storage and transportation are facilitated, and efficiency is improved.
- a heat conducting member 362 is interposed between the chip-type temperature sensor 381 and the protrusion 353 of the land 352. For this reason, it is possible to prevent air from being interposed between the land 352 and the temperature sensor 381, and to accurately detect the temperature of the battery cell 320.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a battery cell constituting the power storage module as Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is an overall side view showing Embodiment 2 of the power storage module of the present invention.
- the second embodiment has a structure in which a bus bar is provided with a bonding portion that is bonded to a land of a circuit board.
- the power storage module according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the configuration different from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same reference numerals are given to the corresponding members for the same configurations as the first embodiment. The description is omitted as appropriate.
- the power storage module 500 in the second embodiment is also illustrated as including eight battery cells 510.
- the positive external terminal 520 and the negative external terminal 530 formed by being insulated and protruded from the lid 321b of the battery container 321 by the insulating member 325 are not formed in a bolt shape but are formed in a flat plate-shaped member. ing.
- the structure in which the positive electrode external terminal 520 and the negative electrode external terminal 530 of one battery cell 510 are connected to the negative electrode external terminal 530 and the positive electrode external terminal 520 of the different battery cells 510 by the bus bar 540 is the same as that of the first embodiment. It is the same.
- the through holes formed in the circuit board 550 are not formed so as to correspond to the negative external terminal 530 and the positive external terminal 520, respectively, and with respect to the pair of positive and negative external terminals 320 and 330.
- One through hole is formed.
- a protrusion 542 formed on the bus bar 540 is inserted through the through hole and protrudes above the circuit board 550.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view in the vicinity of the positive and negative terminals in a pair of adjacent battery cells, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of the power storage module 500 shown in FIG. 13 to be described later.
- the positive external terminal 520 and the negative external terminal 530 each have a lower part for fixing the positive and negative current collecting plates 327a and 327b and an upper part having a flat outer surface.
- the main body portion 541 of the bus bar 540 is welded to the upper portions of the positive external terminal 520 and the negative external terminal 530.
- the bus bar 540 has a protrusion 542 that stands vertically from the main body 541, and the protrusion 542 is soldered to a land 552 or 551 formed on the circuit board 550.
- 591 is a solder layer.
- FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of the bus bar 540.
- the bus bar 540 has a line-symmetric shape with respect to the longitudinal center.
- the main body 541 of the bus bar 540 is formed with a slit 543 that extends in the longitudinal direction at the center in the width direction and opens to the outside at the end.
- a circular opening 544 is formed in the approximate center of each slit 543.
- the bus bar 540 can be formed by pressing a plate-like member.
- the protrusion 542 of the bus bar 540 is formed as an upright piece, and the upper surface has an elongated rectangular shape.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of the circuit board for voltage detection according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of the power storage module 500 shown in FIG. 8 as viewed from above.
- the circuit board 550 has a long and narrow rectangular through-hole 561 in a plan view at a position corresponding to the boundary between adjacent battery cells 510.
- the through hole 561 is also formed at a position corresponding to the negative external terminal 530 of the first battery cell 510 and the positive external terminal 520 of the last battery cell 510 in the arrangement of the power storage modules 500.
- the protrusion 542 of the bus bar 540 is fitted into the through hole 561 of the circuit board 550. Since the through hole 561 and the protruding portion 542 of the bus bar 540 have a rectangular shape that is long in the longitudinal direction, rattling in a state in which the through hole 561 is fitted to the through hole 561 can be reduced.
- a bus bar 540A having a shape different from that of the bus bar 540 is formed in a through hole 561 formed at a position corresponding to the negative electrode external terminal 530 of the first battery cell 510 and the positive electrode external terminal 520 of the last battery cell 510 in the arrangement of the power storage modules 500. Are fitted.
- FIG. 11 is an external perspective view of the bus bar 540A.
- the bus bar 540A is joined to only one of the positive and negative external terminals 520 and 530. For this reason, the bus bar 540 has a shape obtained by cutting out almost half of the longitudinal direction of the bus bar 540.
- the protrusion 542 in the bus bar 540A has the same shape and size as the bus bar 540. For this reason, all the through-holes 561 formed in the circuit board 550 can have the same shape and dimensions, and can have versatility.
- Bus bars 540 and 540A are joined to positive external terminal 520 or negative external terminal 530 by arc welding such as TIG welding.
- the welding site w welded to the positive / negative external terminals 520 and 530 is indicated by a dotted line.
- the positive and negative external terminals 520 and 530 are welded at four locations. Each weld site w is positioned at a position where the slit 543 is substantially centered in the width direction, and at a position where the circular opening 544 is approximately centered in the longitudinal direction.
- the function of the slit 543 and the circular opening 544 is to improve the welding between the bus bars 540 and 540A and the positive and negative external terminals 520 and 530.
- it is important that the thermal energy at the time of welding is not dispersed around the welded part of the welded body but concentrated on the welded part.
- a slit 543 and a circular opening 544 are formed between the welding parts w, and the thermal energy for welding radiated to the bus bars 540 and 540A is transmitted by the slit 543 and the circular opening 544. , Heat conduction to the surroundings is cut off.
- the heat stored in the bus bars 540, 540A is conducted to the positive / negative external terminals 520, 530 arranged immediately below. That is, the heat energy is concentrated at the welded part w and is melted with the welded part w at a high temperature as compared with the surroundings, so that good bonding is performed.
- a rectangular land 551 is formed around each through hole 561 of the circuit board 550 in a plan view.
- a land 552 having a shape different from the land 551 is formed around one through edge 561 located in the vicinity of one side edge and one corner of the circuit board 550 shown in FIG. Yes.
- the land 552 has a protruding portion 553 that extends toward the center side of the circuit board 550.
- a heat conducting member 362 is formed on the protruding portion 553.
- Pads 554 are formed on both sides of the projecting portion 553 in the width direction of the circuit board 550.
- Each land 551 is connected to a voltage detection wiring 301.
- a voltage detection wiring 301 is also connected to the tip of the protrusion 553 of the land 352.
- Each pad 554 is connected to a temperature detection wiring 302.
- the protrusion 542 of the bus bar 540 is fitted into the through hole 561 of the circuit board 550, and the protrusion 542 is soldered to the land 551 or 552.
- the protruding portion 542 of the bus bar 540A is formed in the through hole 561 formed corresponding to the negative external terminal 530 of the first battery cell 510 and the positive external terminal 520 of the last battery cell 510 in the arrangement of the storage modules 500. Mated.
- the protrusion 542 of the bus bar 540A is also soldered to the land 551 or 552.
- a chip-type temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the heat conduction member 362 formed on the protrusion 553 of the land 552, and a pair of connection terminals 381 a and 381 b of the temperature sensor 381 are soldered to the pad 554.
- the positive external terminal 520 and the negative external terminal 530 of the adjacent battery cells 510 are connected by a bus bar 540.
- Each negative external terminal 530 is connected to a voltage detection wiring 301 via a land 551 or 552 provided on the circuit board 550.
- the negative external terminal 530 of the first battery cell 510 and the positive external terminal 520 of the last battery cell 510 in the arrangement of the power storage modules 500 are directly connected to the voltage detection wiring 301 provided on the circuit board 550. Yes.
- the voltage of each battery cell is detected, and a signal related to the voltage is input to the microcomputer 30 via the battery control device 100 to control charging / discharging of each battery cell 510, and the variation in voltage between the battery cells 510 is detected. Can be small.
- the temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the land 552 formed on the circuit board 550. Since the temperature of each battery cell 510 is transmitted to the land 552 from the positive / negative external terminals 520 and 530 through the bus bar 540, the temperature of the pair of battery cells 320 can be detected by the temperature sensor 381. Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the microcomputer 30 can control the input temperature of each battery cell 510 or the power storage module 500.
- the land 552 has both functions for voltage detection and temperature detection. Therefore, the detected temperature becomes accurate and the area of the circuit board 550 can be reduced.
- a chip-type temperature sensor 381 is mounted on the circuit board 550. For this reason, the circuit board assembly can be made small, storage and transportation are facilitated, and efficiency is improved.
- the bus bar 540 that joins the positive external terminal 520 and the negative external terminal 530 of the adjacent battery cell 510 is directly fixed to the land 551 or 552 of the circuit board 550. For this reason, the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the case of the first embodiment, and the productivity can be improved.
- all the lands formed on the circuit boards 350 and 550 may have a shape having protrusions 353 and 553 for mounting the temperature sensor 381, such as 352 or 552. In this way, if the temperature of each battery cell 320, 510 is detected, the temperature is monitored and managed for each pair of battery cells 320, 510 connected by a bus bar. It is also possible to calculate the average temperature of 20 and 500 and manage the temperature for each of the power storage modules 20 and 500, and to perform control with higher reliability.
- the entire structure is expensive. Therefore, for each power storage module, the battery cell 320 at the position where the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature are set in advance. 510 may be confirmed by a test or the like, and the temperature of the battery cell 320 or 510 at that position may be detected.
- the lands 352 and 552 for detecting the temperature are illustrated as being provided on the upper surface side of the circuit boards 350 and 550.
- the lands 352 and 552 may be provided on the lower surfaces of the circuit boards 350 and 550, and the through-hole structure in which the upper and lower lands 352 and 552 are connected by a heat conductive member may be used. In this way, the thermal conductivity from the battery cells 320 and 510 to the land can be further improved.
- the lands 352 and 552 are illustrated as having both a voltage detection function and a temperature detection function.
- the temperature detection land may be formed separately from the voltage detection land.
- lands and wires for temperature detection are formed on one surface of the circuit board and lands and wires for voltage detection are formed on the other surface of the circuit board.
- connection between the lands 352 and 552 and the battery cells 320 and 510 is exemplified as a structure using a fastening member or soldering.
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and various methods can be applied.
- hook portions are provided on the positive and negative external terminals 331 and 341
- the protrusions 542 of the bus bar 540, and the hook portions are formed on the lands 352 and 552. You may make it contact
- the power storage modules 20 and 500 shown in the above embodiments are used as power storage devices that constitute power supply devices other than electric vehicles, such as uninterruptible power supply devices used in computer systems and server systems, and power supply devices used in private power generation facilities. Can also be applied. *
- the power storage module of the present invention can be variously modified and configured within the scope of the invention.
- the main points are an electrode group having positive and negative electrodes and positive and negative electrodes.
- a plurality of positive and negative current collectors connected to the positive and negative current collectors and the positive and negative external terminals connected to the positive and negative current collectors are exposed to the outside of the battery case;
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Abstract
Description
自動車用の電源として用いられる二次電池セルは、通常、複数個の二次電池セルをバスバーで直列に接続された蓄電モジュールとされる。
二次電池セルは、高温の環境下では容量減少等、電池寿命に関する性能劣化が起こり易くなる。逆に、低温の環境下では、電池の出力低下が起こり易くなる。
本発明の第2の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項1記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、配線はランドを有し、温度検出器は、ランドに熱結合されていることが望ましい。
本発明の第3の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項1または2記載の蓄電モジュールおいて、ランドに電池セルの電圧検出用の配線が形成されていることが望ましい。
本発明の第4の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項2乃至3に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、さらに、隣接する電池セルの逆極性の外部端子同士を接続するバスバーを有し、回路基板は、正・負極の外部端子を挿通する貫通孔を有し、ランドは貫通孔の周囲に設けられている態様とすることができる。
本発明の第5の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項2または3に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、さらに、隣接する電池セルの逆極性の外部端子同士を接続するバスバーを有し、回路基板は、バスバーに形成された突起を挿通する貫通孔を有し、ランドは貫通孔の周囲に設けられている態様とすることができる。
本発明の第6の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項5に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、バスバーは、正・負極の外部端子に溶接される溶接領域を有し、各溶接領域は複数の溶接部位を有し、バスバーは、溶接部位間に設けられたスリットを有する態様とすることができる。
本発明の第7の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項5または6に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、バスバー突起と、ランドとが半田付けされている態様とすることができる。
本発明の第8の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、温度検出器は、ランド上に熱伝導性樹脂を介して配置され、ランドは、温度検出器が配置される部分が外部端子に接続される部分よりも幅狭に形成されていることが望ましい。
本発明の第9の態様による蓄電モジュールは、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、配線と温度検出器とは熱伝導性樹脂を介して熱結合されていることが望ましい。
以下、本発明の蓄電モジュールの一実施の形態を、図面を参照して説明する。
本発明の蓄電モジュールは、限定する意図ではないが、例えば、電動車両、特に電気自動車の車載電源装置の蓄電装置として、適用することができる。電気自動車は、内燃機関であるエンジンと電動機とを車両の駆動源として備えたハイブリッド電気自動車、および電動機を車両の唯一の駆動源とする純正電気自動車等を含む。
そこで、本発明の蓄電モジュールが適用されたハイブリッド自動車用駆動システムについて説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施の形態としての蓄電モジュールを有するハイブリッド自動車駆動システムのブロック回路図である。
図1に示すハイブリッド自動車駆動システムは、蓄電モジュール装置21、蓄電モジュール装置21を監視する電池制御装置100、蓄電モジュール装置21からの直流電力を3相交流電力に変換するインバータ装置220、車両駆動用の電動発電機7を備えている。電動発電機7は、インバータ装置220からの3相交流電力により駆動される。インバータ装置220と電池制御装置100とはCAN通信で結ばれており、インバータ装置220は電池制御装置100に対して上位コントローラとして機能する。また、インバータ装置220は、制御装置10からの指令情報に基づいて動作する。
後述するように、電池制御装置100と蓄電モジュール装置21とは、電池制御装置100の基板に設けられたコネクタを介して、電圧検出用の配線によって接続されている。この電圧検出用の配線は、蓄電モジュールを構成する各電池セルの電圧を検出するために用いられ、また各電池セルの放電(バランシング)を行うために用いられる。本発明では、この電圧検出用の配線は、さらに充電を行うために使用される。
すなわちマイコン30はセルコントローラIC1~IC4の上位制御装置として機能している。
また、蓄電モジュール装置21の総電圧および各電池セルの温度に関する信号もマイコン30に入力され、それぞれマイコン30のAD変換器(ADC)によって測定される。温度センサは蓄電モジュール20A、20B内の複数箇所に設けられている。
なお、マイコン30では、入力された各電池セルの温度、または蓄電モジュール20A、20Bの平均温度に基づいて、図示はしないが、蓄電モジュール20A、20Bを冷却する冷却用のファンの回転数または冷却水の供給量を調整するドライバーおよびポンプ回転数を制御する。
上述した通り、蓄電モジュール装置21は、コネクタ401を介して電圧検出用の配線301により電池制御装置100に接続される。
蓄電モジュール装置21の総電圧および各電池セルの温度に関する信号はマイコン30に入力される。
蓄電モジュール装置21は電流センサSiに接続されており、電流センサSiの出力はマイコン30に入力される。
電動発電機7が発電機として動作するとき、電動発電機7により発電された電力は、回生制御により蓄電モジュール装置21の各電池セルを充電する。また、蓄電モジュール装置21内の電池セルが過充電となった場合には、バラシングスイッチ(図示せず)を介して放電する。
各蓄電モジュール20A、20Bの各電池セルは、図1に二点鎖線で図示するように回路基板350に形成された各電圧検出用の配線301に接続されている。回路基板350には、コネクタ401が設けられており、各電圧検出用の配線301は、コネクタ401を介して電池制御装置100に接続されている。
以下、蓄電モジュール20A、20Bの構造について説明する。但し、蓄電モジュール20A、20Bは、基本的には、同じ機能および構造を有するので、代表として、蓄電モジュール20として説明することとする。
蓄電モジュール20は、8個の電池セル320を備えている。各電池セル320は、例えば、角形リチウムイオン二次電池であり、全体として扁平形の直方体形状を有する。電池セル320は、電池容器321と、この電池容器321の外部に突き出す正極外部端子331および負極外部端子341を備えている。
電池セル320は、正極外部端子331と負極外部端子341とを、交互に逆向きにして、換言すれば、互いに逆極性の外部端子を対向させて、幅広い面を密着させた状態で配列されている。
電圧検出用の配線301は、図示はしないが、マルチプレクサを介して作動増幅器に接続されている。マルチプレクサにより、順次、電池セル320との接続を切換えて作動増幅器により各電池セル320の電圧が検出される。検出された各電池セル32の電圧は、A/D変換回路においてデジタル値に変換されてマイコン30の記憶部に保持される。
1つのバスバー361により接続された正極外部端子331と負極外部端子341とは同電位である。そこで、電圧検出用の配線301は、バスバー361により接続された外部端子毎に対応して設けられている。
本実施形態では、各負極外部端子341に対応して電圧検出用の配線301を形成した場合で例示している。
回路基板350には、負極外部端子341に対応してランド351が形成されており、ナット359を締結することにより、負極外部端子341はナット359を介してランド351に熱的および電気的に接続される。
電池セル320は、角形扁平形状の電池容器321を有する。電池容器321は、上部に開口を有する電池缶321aと、この電池缶321aの開口部を塞いで、電池缶321aにレーザ溶接等により接合された蓋321bとから構成される。蓋321bは、例えば、アルミニウムにより形成される。
蓋321bには、正極外部端子331または負極外部端子341に接続される電極接続板323を挿通する貫通孔が形成されている。貫通孔には、中央部に開口部を有する絶縁部材325が嵌合され、この絶縁部材325の貫通孔に電極接続板323が嵌合している。
リチウムイオン二次電池の場合、正極電極は、例えば、アルミニウム箔等からなる正極金属箔の両面に正極合剤層が塗工されたものである。正極合剤層は、一側縁に、正極金属箔が露出された正極合剤未処理部が形成されるように塗工されている。
負極電極は、銅箔等からなる負極金属箔の両面に負極合剤層が塗工されたものである。負極合剤層は、正極合剤未処理部が配置された側縁と対向する側縁である他側縁に、負極金属箔が露出された負極合剤未処理部が形成されるように塗工されている。
他方の電極接続板323には、負極集電板327bがかしめ等により蓋321bに固定されている。負極集電板327bは銅等により形成されている。
捲回電極群322は、一側縁側において、捲回された正極電極の正極合剤未処理部が積層され、また一側縁側と反対側の他側縁側において、負極合剤の負極合剤未処理部が積層されている。
正極集電板327aおよび負極集電板327bは、蓋321bに取り付けられた取付部分から、ほぼ垂直方向に折曲され、さらに電池セル320の厚さ方向における中央部側に傾斜されたうえ、中央部において、再度、取付部に垂直な方向に屈曲された形状を有する。この中央部において、正極集電板327aは正極合剤未処理部に、負極集電板327bは負極合剤未処理部に超音波溶接等により接合されている。
各電極接続板323上には、外周にねじ部が形成されたそれぞれ、正極外部端子331または負極外部端子341が接続されている。この接続は、正極外部端子331または負極外部端子341と各電極接続板323とを、直接または導電接続板(図示せず)を介してかしめることにより行うことができる。
正極外部端子331および負極外部端子341は、それぞれ、径大部331a、341aを有する。
バスバー361上には、電圧検出用の回路基板350が実装される。
図5は、電圧検出用の回路基板350の上面側の平面図であり、図6は、蓄電モジュール20の上面側の平面図である。以下の説明では、図4と共に図5および図6を参照する。
正極外部端子331および負極外部端子341は、回路基板350の貫通孔355を挿通して回路基板350の上方に突き出される。この突き出された部分にナット359を螺合し、回路基板350とバスバー361とを締結する。これにより、8個の電池セル320と回路基板350とが一体化される。
本実施形態における蓄電モジュール20では、隣接する電池セル320の正極外部端子331と負極外部端子341とがバスバー361により接続されている。各負極外部端子341は回路基板350に設けられたランド351または352を介して電圧検出用の配線301に接続されている。また、蓄電モジュール20の配列の最初の電池セル320の負極外部端子341と最後の電池セル320の正極外部端子331とは、回路基板350に設けられた電圧検出用の配線301に直接接続されている。
従って、各電池セルの電圧を検出して、電圧に関する信号を、電池制御装置100を介してマイコン30に入力し、各電池セル320の充放電を制御し、電池セル320間の電圧のばらつきを小さくすることができる。
図7は、本発明の実施形態2としての蓄電モジュールを構成する電池セルの正面図であり、図8は、本発明の蓄電モジュールの実施形態2を示す全体側面図である。
実施形態2は、バスバーに回路基板のランドに接合する接合部位を持たせた構造としたものである。
以下、図面と共に本発明の実施形態2に係る蓄電モジュールを説明するが、実施形態1と異なる構成を主体に説明することとし、実施形態1と同一の構成については、対応する部材に同一の符号を付し、その説明を、適宜、省略する。
電池セル510においては、電池容器321の蓋321bから、絶縁部材325により絶縁されて突き出して形成された正極外部端子520および負極外部端子530は、ボルト状ではなく、平坦な板状部材で形成されている。
1個の電池セル510の正極外部端子520と負極外部端子530とは、それぞれ、バスバー540により、異なる電池セル510の負極外部端子530と正極外部端子520に接続されている構造は実施形態1と同様である。
その貫通孔にバスバー540に形成された突起部542が挿通され、回路基板550の上方に突き出している。
正極外部端子520および負極外部端子530は、それぞれ、正・負極の集電板327a、327bを固定する下部と、平坦な外面を有する上部とを有する。
正極外部端子520および負極外部端子530の各上部には、バスバー540の本体部541が溶接される。バスバー540は、本体部541から垂直に起立された突起部542を有し、この突起部542が回路基板550に形成されたランド552または551に半田付けされる。図9において591は半田層である。
バスバー540は、長手方向の中心に対して線対称の形状を有している。バスバー540の本体部541には、幅方向におけるほぼ中央に、長手方向に延出され、端部で外部に開通するスリット543が形成されている。各スリット543のほぼ中央には、円形の開口544が形成されている。本体部541の中央部における一側縁側に、本体部541に対してほぼ垂直に起立された突起部542が形成されている。
バスバー540は、板状部材を、プレス加工して形成することができる。バスバー540の突起部542は、起立片として成形され、上面は、細長い矩形形状を有している。
回路基板550には、隣接する電池セル510の境界部に対応する位置に、平面視で細長い矩形形状の貫通孔561が形成されている。貫通孔561は、蓄電モジュール500の配列の最初の電池セル510の負極外部端子530と最後の電池セル510の正極外部端子520に対応する位置にも形成されている。
バスバー540Aは、正・負極の外部端子520、530の一方のみに接合されるものである。このため、バスバー540の長手方向のほぼ半分を切り取ったような形状を有している。ただし、バスバー540Aにおける突起部542は、バスバー540と同一の形状・寸法を有している。このため、回路基板550に形成される貫通孔561は、すべて同一の形状・寸法とすることができ、汎用性をもたせることができる。
図10および図11において、正・負極の外部端子520、530に溶接される溶接部位wを点線で示す。各正・負極の外部端子520、530には、4箇所で溶接される。各溶接部位wは、幅方向においてはスリット543がほぼ中心とする位置に、また、長手方向においては、円形の開口544がほぼ中心となる位置に位置づけられる。
バスバー540、540Aには、各溶接部位wの間にスリット543および円形の開口544が形成されており、バスバー540、540Aに放射された溶接用の熱エネルギーは、スリット543および円形の開口544により、周囲への熱伝導が遮断される。
このため、バスバー540、540Aに蓄熱された熱は、直下に配置された正・負極の外部端子520、530に伝導される。すなわち、熱エネルギーは、溶接部位wに集中し、周囲に比し、この溶接部位wを高温にして溶融することになり、良好な接合が行われる。
ランド552は、実施形態1に示したランド352と同様、回路基板550の中央側に向かって延出された突出部553を有する。突出部553上には、熱伝導部材362が形成されている。
回路基板550における突出部553の幅方向における両側には、パッド554が形成されている。
この場合、蓄電モジュール500の配列の最初の電池セル510の負極外部端子530と最後の電池セル510の正極外部端子520に対応して形成された貫通孔561には、バスバー540Aの突起部542が嵌合される。バスバー540Aの突起部542も、ランド551または552に半田付けされる。
従って、各電池セルの電圧を検出して、電圧に関する信号を、電池制御装置100を介してマイコン30に入力し、各電池セル510の充放電を制御し、電池セル510間の電圧のばらつきを小さくすることができる。
このようにして、各電池セル320、510の温度を検出すれば、バスバーで接続された一対の電池セル320、510毎に温度を監視して、管理する他、電池制御装置100において、蓄電モジュール20、500の平均温度を算出し、蓄電モジュール20、500毎に温度を管理することも可能となり、より信頼性が高い制御をすることが可能となる。
Claims (9)
- 正・負極の電極を有する電極群と、前記正・負極の電極に接続された正・負極の集電板とが電池容器内に収容され、前記正・負極の集電板に接続された正・負極の外部端子が前記電池容器の外部に露出して設けられた複数の電池セルと、
前記電池セルの前記正極または負極の外部端子に接続された温度検出用の配線を有する回路基板と、
前記配線に熱結合され、前記電池セルの温度を検出する温度検出器とを備える蓄電モジュール。 - 請求項1記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、前記配線はランドを有し、前記温度検出器は、前記ランドに熱結合されている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項1または2記載の蓄電モジュールおいて、前記ランドに前記電池セルの電圧検出用の配線が形成されている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項2乃至3に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、さらに、隣接する前記電池セルの逆極性の外部端子同士を接続するバスバーを有し、前記回路基板は、前記正・負極の外部端子を挿通する貫通孔を有し、前記ランドは前記貫通孔の周囲に設けられている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項2または3に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、さらに、隣接する前記電池セルの逆極性の外部端子同士を接続するバスバーを有し、前記回路基板は、前記バスバーに形成された突起部を挿通する貫通孔を有し、前記ランドは前記貫通孔の周囲に設けられている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項5に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、前記バスバーは、前記正・負極の外部接続端子に溶接される溶接領域を有し、前記各溶接領域は複数の溶接部位を有し、前記バスバーは、前記溶接部位間に設けられたスリットを有する蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項5または6に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、前記バスバーの突起部と前記ランドとが半田付けされている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、前記温度検出器は、前記ランド上に熱伝導性樹脂を介して配置され、前記ランドは、前記温度検出器が配置される部分が前記外部端子に接続される部分よりも幅狭に形成されている蓄電モジュール。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電モジュールにおいて、前記配線と前記温度検出器とは熱伝導性樹脂を介して熱結合されている蓄電モジュール。
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