WO2012092734A1 - 叶片静态加载台及叶片静态试验系统 - Google Patents
叶片静态加载台及叶片静态试验系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012092734A1 WO2012092734A1 PCT/CN2011/073743 CN2011073743W WO2012092734A1 WO 2012092734 A1 WO2012092734 A1 WO 2012092734A1 CN 2011073743 W CN2011073743 W CN 2011073743W WO 2012092734 A1 WO2012092734 A1 WO 2012092734A1
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- Prior art keywords
- loading
- blade
- drive mechanism
- force
- static
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0016—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of aircraft wings or blades
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0075—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
Definitions
- Blade static loading table and blade static test system The present application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on January 06, 2011 by the Chinese Patent Office, application number 201110002335.3, and the invention titled “blade static loading table and blade static test system” The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the present invention relates to a test technique for a wind power plant, and more particularly to a blade static loading station for loading blades of a wind power plant, and to a blade static test system including the blade static loading table.
- Wind power plants include blades and generators.
- the blades are used to absorb wind energy, convert wind energy into mechanical energy and drive the generator to operate, allowing the generator to output electrical energy.
- the blade has an elongated structure with a root end connected to the hub and a tip extending outward.
- the blades rotate under the action of the wind, and the generator input shaft rotates through the hub, so that the generator outputs electric energy.
- the performance of the blade directly determines the efficiency of energy conversion and determines whether the wind power plant can operate normally. Therefore, the blade has always been a key component of wind power generation equipment, and many countries have also issued technical standards related to the blade.
- the relevant technical parameters of the blade need to be tested to determine the actual bearing capacity of the blade; meanwhile, on the basis of obtaining relevant technical parameters, The model number of the blade can be determined, which in turn provides an accurate basis for determining the blade series specifications.
- static strength is the key data to characterize the technical state of the blade.
- the detection of the static strength of the blade is mainly performed by loading the predetermined position of the blade by the loading mechanism, and the corresponding strength parameter data is obtained according to the loading force and the deflection deformation generated by the blade.
- Chinese patent document CN201397251Y discloses a multifunctional blade test test bench having a structure such as a table body and a test pit; when detecting the blade, the blade is fixed first, and the middle portion of the blade is suspended; and then, The crane or other lifting device loads the blade from above or from the side to complete the static strength test to obtain the blade static strength parameters.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the loading principle of the blade static strength test in the prior art.
- the blade 100 is fixed at its root end. From the blade root end to the blade tip, five loading points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are provided to form five loading forces Fl, F2, F3, F4 and F5.
- the blade 100 will be bent, and the position of each loading point will change accordingly. From the root end to the tip end, the displacement of each loading point gradually increases.
- the direction of the force F1 will have a loading angle between the blade normal of the position (the horizontal line perpendicular to the horizontal tangent through the point); In the normal direction, the actual bearing force at the loading point 1 of the blade 100 is different from the force F1. Therefore, the force F1 does not represent the actual load of the loading point 1; likewise, the force of the other loading points The actual load of the corresponding load point is also different, and the actual load of the corresponding load point cannot be characterized.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a blade static loading stage to reduce the difference between the loading force and the actual load in the normal direction of the corresponding loading point blade.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a vane static test system including the vane static loading stage to more accurately obtain the vane static strength parameter.
- the rotary drive mechanism, the loading drive mechanism, the base and the loading frame are mounted on the base by a swing mechanism, the swing drive mechanism drives the loading frame to rotate relative to the base; the loading drive mechanism is mounted on the loading
- the movable matching mechanism drives the loading device to move along the track.
- the track extends in a straight line, and the extending direction thereof is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the table body.
- the platform further includes an inverted "T" positioning track groove and a vertical positioning track surface
- the base includes a vertical force bearing roller and a horizontal force bearing roller
- the rolling surface of the vertical force bearing roller is The inner top surface of the inverted "T" positioning track groove cooperates, and the rolling surface of the horizontal force roller cooperates with the horizontal positioning surface.
- the two displacement driving mechanisms are respectively disposed on two sides of the loading device;
- the displacement driving mechanism includes two reels and two reversing mechanisms mounted on the table body, and the reversing mechanism
- the utility model comprises a corresponding longitudinal fixed pulley and a lateral fixed pulley; one end of the wire rope is connected to the front part of the loading device, and the other end sequentially bypasses the longitudinal fixed pulley and the lateral fixed pulley of a reversing mechanism, and is wound on a reel;
- the other end of the wire rope is connected to the rear of the loading device, and the other end is sequentially wound around the longitudinal fixed pulley and the lateral fixed pulley of the other reversing mechanism, and then wound on the other reel.
- the wire ropes on the two reels of the displacement drive mechanism are wound in opposite directions, and the rotation axes of the two reels are coincident and driven by a power source.
- the plurality of loading devices and the displacement driving mechanism corresponding to the loading device are included; the plurality of loading devices are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the table body.
- the blade static test system comprises a controller, a force sensor and any one of the above-mentioned blade loading test stands; the force sensor is used for acquiring a loading force of the loading device on the blade; and the controller is used for controlling the displacement driving mechanism and Slewing drive mechanism.
- the force applying end of the loading drive mechanism is connected to the loading point of the blade through a wire rope, and the force sensor is installed between the wire rope and the force applying end, or between the wire rope and the loading point of the blade.
- the method further includes an angle detecting device installed at a blade loading point, wherein the angle detecting device is configured to detect a loading yaw angle between a blade normal of the blade loading point and a wire rope extending direction; and the controller is configured according to the angle detecting device.
- the obtained load deflection angle controls the displacement drive mechanism and the swing drive mechanism.
- the power source of the loading device is a servo motor
- the power source of the displacement driving mechanism is a stepping motor
- the power source of the slewing drive mechanism is a synchronous servo motor
- the blade static loading station includes, in addition to the table body, a loading device and a displacement driving mechanism corresponding to the loading device; the loading device includes a slewing drive mechanism, Load the drive mechanism, base and loading frame.
- the driving mechanism By loading the driving mechanism, a predetermined force can be applied to the predetermined loading point of the blade; when the blade is bent due to the force, a loading declination or a loading declination is generated between the blade normal of the loading point and the direction of the force applied by the loading drive mechanism.
- the displacement driving mechanism can drive the loading device to move along the track relative to the table body; meanwhile, the loading frame rotates relative to the base by the swing driving mechanism, so that the loading driving mechanism rotates by a predetermined angle with respect to the table body, and thus the blade is not changed.
- the direction of the loading force of the loading drive mechanism is adjusted such that the loading direction of the force is consistent with the blade normal of the loading point or the loading angle between the two is maintained within a predetermined range. This makes it possible to reduce the difference between the loading force of the loading drive mechanism and the actual load of the blade normal direction of the corresponding loading point.
- the track is linearly extended, and the extending direction thereof is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the table body; thus, the horizontal displacement and the rotation angle of the loading device can be more conveniently controlled, and the loading force of the loading drive mechanism can be more easily adjusted.
- the direction is linearly extended, and the extending direction thereof is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the table body; thus, the horizontal displacement and the rotation angle of the loading device can be more conveniently controlled, and the loading force of the loading drive mechanism can be more easily adjusted.
- the platform further includes an inverted "T" positioning track groove and a vertical positioning track surface
- the base comprises a horizontal force bearing roller and a vertical force bearing roller
- the rolling surface of the vertical force bearing roller Cooperating with the inner top surface of the inverted "T" positioning track groove, the horizontal force bearing roller cooperates with the vertical positioning track surface.
- the vertical force roller can balance the tilting moment of the loading device
- the horizontal force roller can balance the horizontal force of the loading device. The combination of the two can maintain the overall stability of the motion of the loading device.
- the working stability and reliability of the displacement drive mechanism can be ensured by the cooperation of the reel and the steel wire rope; at the same time, the displacement drive mechanism is simultaneously connected with the front and rear portions of the loading device through the wire rope, thereby ensuring loading The stability of the device movement.
- the axes of rotation of the two reels of the displacement drive mechanism coincide and are driven by a power source. In this way, the operational reliability of the displacement drive mechanism can be improved while ensuring the operational stability of the displacement drive mechanism.
- the blade static loading station includes a plurality of loading devices and a displacement drive mechanism corresponding to the loading device; the plurality of loading devices are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the table.
- the blade static loading table can load the blades of various types and lengths, and the adaptability of the static loading table of the blade is increased.
- the blade static test system including the above-described blade loading test rig also has corresponding technical effects.
- the force applying end of the loading drive mechanism is connected to the loading point of the blade by a wire rope
- the force sensor is installed between the wire rope and the force applying end, or between the wire rope and the loading point of the blade.
- the method further includes an angle detecting device installed at a blade loading point, wherein the angle detecting device is configured to detect a loading yaw angle between a blade normal of the blade loading point and a wire rope extending direction;
- the load deflection angle obtained by the angle detecting device controls the displacement drive mechanism and the swing drive mechanism.
- the controller controls the displacement driving mechanism and the slewing drive mechanism in real time, thereby real-time controlling the displacement of the loading device relative to the table body and the rotation angle between the loading frame body and the base, so as to load the force.
- the direction is kept in a smaller range with the normal direction of the corresponding loading point blade, further reducing the difference between the loading force and the actual load in the normal direction of the corresponding loading point blade, and improving the accuracy of the blade static test system detection data. Sex.
- the power source of the loading device is a servo motor
- the power source of the displacement driving mechanism is a stepping motor
- the power source of the slewing drive mechanism is a synchronous servo motor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the loading principle of a blade static strength test in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blade static loading station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a follower loading unit in a blade static loading stage according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 is a view taken along line A of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 is a B-direction view of Figure 3;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a loading principle of a blade static loading platform according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a bottom perspective structural view of a loading device in a blade static loading platform provided by the present invention
- Figure 8 is a control block diagram of the blade static test system provided by the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blade static loading station according to an embodiment of the present invention; for convenience of description, the blade 100 is also shown.
- the blade static loading platform provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a platform body 200 and five loading units; wherein the five loading units comprise two following loading units 300 and three root loading units 400, each loading unit having a loading driving mechanism
- the force applying end of the loading drive mechanism is connected to the five loading points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the blade 100 through the wire rope 101; a suitable clamp is usually arranged between the wire rope 101 and the loading point of the blade 100 to ensure the wire rope 101 and the blade The reliability of the connection between the 100 loading points and the damage to the surface of the blade 100 is prevented.
- the base 200 is provided with a fixing mechanism, and the root end of the blade 100 is fixed to the table body 200 by a fixing mechanism, and the tip end of the blade 100 extends toward the other end of the table body 200 in the longitudinal direction.
- the root loading unit 400 includes a root loading frame and a loading driving mechanism mounted on the root loading frame; the loading driving mechanism of the three fixed loading units is connected to the loading points 3, 4 and 5 through a wire rope 101; the loading points 3, 4 and 5 are close to each other; The root end of the blade 100.
- the base 200 is provided with a root rail 210 extending in the longitudinal direction, and the root loading frame and the root of the root loading unit 400.
- the rail 210 is slidably engaged; thus, the loading frame of the fixed loading unit 400 can be moved along the root rail 210 relative to the platform 200, so that the loading driving mechanism of the root loading unit 400 can correspond to different positions of the blade 100, thereby adjusting the corresponding corresponding to the blade 100.
- the location of the loading point is slidably engaged; thus, the loading frame of the fixed loading unit 400 can be moved along the root rail 210 relative to the platform 200, so that the loading driving mechanism of the root loading unit 400 can correspond to different positions of the blade 100, thereby adjusting the corresponding corresponding to the blade 100. The location of the loading point.
- Figure 3 is a plan view of the follower loading unit in the blade static loading stage according to the embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 is a view taken along line A of Figure 3
- Figure 5 is a view taken along line B of Figure 3.
- the follower loading unit 300 includes a loading device 310 and two displacement drive mechanisms 320.
- the upper surface portion of the table body 200 corresponding to the servo loading unit 300 is provided with a rail 220; in this example, the rail 220 extends linearly and extends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the table body 200.
- the loading device 310 includes a swing drive mechanism, a load drive mechanism 314, a base 311, and a loading frame 312.
- the base 311 is slidably engaged with the rail 220 to enable the loading device 310 to be opposite to the table
- the body 200 moves along the track 220; in this example, the base 311 includes a rotatable moving roller 3111 that cooperates with the track 220.
- the loading frame 312 is mounted on the base 311 by a swing mechanism 313 whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so that the loading frame 312 can be rotated about the axis of rotation in a horizontal plane with respect to the base 311.
- a slewing drive mechanism (not shown) is used to drive the loading frame 312 to rotate relative to the base 311.
- the slewing drive mechanism may include a power source and a ring gear, and the power source output shaft may be provided with a gear that meshes with the ring gear;
- the ring gear is mounted on the loading frame 312 and the base 311, respectively, to drive the loading frame 312 to rotate relative to the base 311.
- the slewing drive mechanism can also be other specific structures available.
- a loading drive mechanism 314 is mounted on the loading frame 312 for generating a loading force to apply a predetermined force to a predetermined loading point of the blade 100.
- the loading drive mechanism 314 includes a power source and a reel, the power source drives the reel to rotate, and the reel is wound with a wire rope 101.
- the outer end of the wire rope 101 first bypasses the fixed pulleys 3121, 3122 mounted on the loading frame 312. Then, it is extended to the loading point of the blade 100, so that the protruding end of the wire rope 101 can be relatively fixed to avoid the deflection of the protruding end of the wire rope 101 due to the difference in the winding position of the winding drum.
- the mounting position of the fixed pulleys 3121, 3122 is set to an appropriate height, so that the level between the wire rope 101 and the loading point of the blade 100 can be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the detection.
- the displacement drive mechanism 320 includes two reels 321 and two reversing mechanisms 322 mounted on the table body 200. 4 and 5, each of the reversing mechanisms 322 includes a longitudinal fixed pulley 3221 and a lateral fixed pulley 3222, and the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221 is vertically rotatably mounted on the base 200, and its rotation axis and the extending direction of the rail 220 Vertical; the transverse fixed pulley 3222 is also vertically rotatably mounted on the table body 200, but its axis of rotation is parallel to the direction in which the track 220 extends, i.e., its axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the corresponding longitudinal fixed pulley 3221.
- the position of the lateral fixed pulley 3222 is higher than the position of the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221, and the vertical tangent to the outer side of the lateral fixed pulley 3222 corresponds to the vertical tangent to the outer side of the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221.
- One end of one wire rope 323 is connected to the front part of the loading device 310, specifically the front part of the base 311 (before the direction toward the blade 100), and the other end is first turned from the lower side (refer to FIG. 5) to the reversing mechanism 322.
- the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221 extends vertically upward; and extends laterally, bypassing the lateral fixed pulley 3222 of the reversing mechanism 322, and wound around a reel 321 .
- one end of the other wire rope 324 is connected to the rear of the base 311, and the other end is first wound from below to the other switching mechanism 322.
- the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221 extends vertically upwards and then extends laterally, bypassing from the lateral fixed pulley 3222 of the reversing mechanism 322, and then wound on the other reel 321; the steel cords 323 and 324 are wound on the two reels 321 in contrast.
- the axes of rotation of the two reels 321 coincide and are driven by a power source.
- Two displacement drive mechanisms 320 are respectively located on both sides of the loading device 310; and are symmetrically arranged.
- the right side (refer to FIG. 3) displacement drive mechanism 320 is connected to the front and rear portions of the base 311 by wire ropes 325 and 326, respectively.
- the working principle of the displacement driving mechanism 320 is as follows: when the two reels 321 of the displacement driving mechanism 320 on the left side of the power source drive rotate, since the two steel reels 323 and 324 are wound in opposite directions, the two reels can pass two The wire ropes 323, 324 drive the loading device 310 to the left; at this time, the two reels 321 of the right displacement drive mechanism 320 rotate in the corresponding directions, and the two wire ropes 325, 326 are released.
- the loading device 310 can also be driven to the right.
- the winding manner of the wire rope 323 is not limited to the above manner, and the wire rope 323 may be wound in different directions depending on the position of the lateral fixed pulley 3222 and the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221.
- the wire rope 323 may first bypass the longitudinal fixed pulley 3221 from above, and then extend vertically downward, first transversely bypassing the lateral fixed pulley 3222, and then wound around On the reel 321; similarly, other wire ropes can be wound according to actual conditions.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a loading principle of a blade static loading station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the five loading units respectively load the five loading points of the blade through the loading driving mechanism; during the loading process, the respective portions of the blade 100 are deformed correspondingly, and the deformations at the loading point 1 and the loading point 2 near the tip are larger.
- the blade normal at the loading point (shown by the dashed line in the figure) is gradually deflected. At this time, as shown by the straight arrow of the follow-up loading unit 300 in FIG.
- the loading device 310 of the follow-up loading unit 300 can be driven to move to the right along the track 220 by the displacement driving mechanism 320; As shown by the rotating arrow in the middle load loading unit 300, the loading frame 312 is rotated relative to the base 311 by the swing driving mechanism, so that the loading driving mechanism 314 is rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the table body 200, thereby not changing the loading point 1 and the loading point.
- the loading drive mechanism 314 of the loading device 310 is adjusted to load the direction of the force, so that The direction of the load is consistent with the blade normal of the corresponding loading point or the loading angle between the two is kept within a predetermined range; thus, the load driving mechanism can be reduced in each of the follow-up loading units 300. The difference between the loading force and the actual load in the normal direction of the blade at the corresponding loading point of the blade 100.
- FIG 7 is a perspective view of the loading device in a blade static loading station according to the present invention.
- the base 311 includes a vertical force receiving roller 3112 and a horizontal force receiving roller 3113.
- the vertical force bearing roller 3112 can be rotated on the body of the mounting base 311, and its rotation axis is parallel to the horizontal plane.
- the horizontal force bearing roller 3113 can be rotated on the body of the mounting base 311. Its axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
- the upper surface of the table body 200 further forms an inverted "T" positioning track groove 201 and a positioning track groove including a vertical positioning track surface 202, and the vertical positioning track surface 202 faces The rear of the loading device 310.
- the rolling surface of the vertical force bearing roller 3112 cooperates with the inner top surface of the inverted "T" positioning track groove 201, and the rolling surface of the horizontal force bearing roller 3113 cooperates with the vertical positioning track surface 201.
- the vertical force bearing roller 3112 can balance the overturning moment of the loading device 310
- the horizontal force bearing roller 3113 can balance the horizontal force of the loading device 310, and the combination of the two can maintain the overall stability of the motion of the loading device 310.
- the loading frame 312 is a truss structure, and in order to improve the stability of the loading frame 312, a weight may be provided at the rear of the blade 100.
- the track 210 is not limited to a linear track, and may be other shaped tracks, as long as the two ends thereof respectively extend toward the two ends of the table body 200 respectively, so that the loading device 310 can be opposite to the table body 200 in the longitudinal direction.
- the purpose of the invention can be achieved by generating a relative displacement.
- the displacement driving mechanism 320 is not limited to the above structure, and may be other mechanisms capable of driving the loading device 310 to slide along a predetermined track, such as a screw guide mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, or the like.
- the blade static test system includes a controller, a force sensor and the above-described blade loading test stand.
- FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the blade static test system provided by the present invention.
- the output of the controller 710 is connected to the displacement drive mechanism 320 and the swing drive mechanism 315 for
- the power source of the displacement drive mechanism 320 and the power source of the swing drive mechanism 315 are controlled to control the position of each loading device 310 by the displacement drive mechanism 320, and the drive mechanism 314 is controlled by the swing drive mechanism 315.
- the force sensor is used to obtain the force applied by each loading device to each loading point of the blade 100, and the acquired related data is transmitted to an appropriate processor.
- the installation position of the force sensor can be set according to actual needs, preferably between the wire rope 101 and the force application end of the loading drive mechanism 314, or between the wire rope 101 and the corresponding blade loading point, to obtain by direct measurement.
- the loading force of the loading drive mechanism can also be installed at the position associated with the fixed pulleys 3121, 3122 as shown in FIG. 5 to indirectly measure the loading force of the loading drive mechanism 314 by detecting the force of the fixed pulleys 3121, 3122.
- the blade static testing system further includes two angle detecting devices 720 installed on the loading point 1 and the loading point 2 of the blade 100.
- the angle detecting device 720 is connected to the input end of the controller 710 for detecting the loading yaw angle between the blade normal of the loading point 1 and the loading point 2 and the extending direction of the corresponding wire rope 101; the controller 710 obtains the image according to the angle detecting device 720.
- the power source of the loading drive mechanism 314 is a servo motor
- the power source of the displacement driving mechanism 320 is a stepping motor
- the power source of the slewing drive mechanism 315 is a synchronous servo motor
- the aspect can facilitate the control of the blade static test system, and on the other hand can improve the accuracy of the blade static test system control.
- the power source of each drive mechanism can be selected according to actual needs, such as a hydraulic component.
- loading drive mechanism. 314 is not limited to loading the blade 100 by tension, and may also be loaded by the thrust or pressure. These improvements and finishes are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
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Description
叶片静态加载台及叶片静态试验系统 本申请要求于 2011 年 01 月 06 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110002335.3、 发明名称为"叶片静态加载台及叶片静态试验系统"的中 国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种风力发电设备的试验技木 特别涉及一种用于对风力 发电设备的叶片进行加载的叶片静态加载台, 还涉及一种包括该叶片静态 加载台的叶片静态试验系统。 背景技术
风力发电设备包括叶片和发电机, 叶片用于吸收风能, 将风能转换为 机械能并驱动发电机运转, 使发电机输出电能。 叶片为长条状结构, 其根 端与轮毂相连, 尖端向外伸出。 在风力发电设备运行过程中, 叶片在风力 作用下旋转, 通过轮毂带动发电机输入轴旋转, 使发电机输出电能。 叶片 运行性能的优劣直接决定能量转换的效率, 决定风力发电设备是否能够正 常运转; 因此, 叶片一直是风力发电设备的关键部件, 许多国家还颁布了 与叶片相关的技术标准。
由于叶片的受力非常复杂, 且其负载不能精确确定, 因此, 在生产之 后, 需要对叶片的相关技术参数进行检测, 以确定叶片的实际承载能力; 同时, 在获得相关技术参数的基础上, 可以确定叶片的型号, 进而为确定 叶片系列规格提供准确依据。
叶片的相关技术参数中, 静态强度是表征叶片技术状态的关键数据。 当前, 对叶片静态强度进行检测主要通过加载机构对叶片的预定位置进行 加载, 根据加载作用力及叶片产生的挠度变形获得相应的强度参数数据。 中国专利文献 CN201397251Y就公开一种多功能叶片测试试验台, 该试验 台具有台体和试验坑等结构; 在对叶片进行检测时, 先将叶片固定, 并使 叶片中间部分悬空; 然后, 再用起重机或其他起吊装置, 从上方或侧面对 叶片进行加载, 完成静态强度试验, 获得叶片静态强度参数。
请参考图 1 , 该图是现有技术中叶片静态强度试验的加载原理示意
图。 图中, 叶片 100根端固定, 从叶片根端到叶片尖端, 设置有五个加载 点 1、 2、 3、 4和 5, 形成五个加载作用力 Fl、 F2、 F3、 F4和 F5。 在加载 过程中, 如图中虚线所示, 叶片 100会产生弯曲, 各加载点位置会产生相 应位移变化, 从根端到尖端, 各加载点的位移量逐渐增加。 如第 1个加载 点处, 在叶片 100弯曲之后, 作用力 F1的方向会与该位置的叶片法线(与 通过该点水平切线垂直的水平线)之间具有一个加载偏角; 这样, 在叶片 法线方向上, 叶片 100的加载点 1处的实际承载的作用力就会与作用力 F1 不同, 因此, 作用力 F1并不能表征加载点 1的实际负载; 同样, 其他各加 载点的作用力与相应加载点的实际负载也不相同, 也不能表征相应加载点 的实际负载。 另外, 由于叶片 100弯曲曲率不同, 通过换算也艮难获得准 确的各加载点的实际负载; 这样根据各作用力获得的叶片 100的静态强度 参数与叶片 100实际静态强度参数之间就会存在误差, 进而无法准确地确 定叶片 100的技术状态。
因此, 如何提高叶片静态强度试验获得的静态强度参数的准确度是本 领域技术人员需要解决的技术难题。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于, 提供一种叶片静态加载台, 以减小加载作 用力与相应加载点叶片法线方向的实际负载之间的差别。
在提供上述叶片静态加载台的基础上, 本发明的第二目的在于, 提供 了一种包括上述叶片静态加载台的叶片静态试验系统, 以更准确地获得叶 片静态强度参数。
本发明提供的叶片静态加载台包括台体, 所述台体一端具有与叶片根 端配合的固定机构, 使叶片的尖端沿纵向另一端延伸, 还包括加载装置和 位移驱动机构; 所述加载装置包括回转驱动机构、 加载驱动机构、 底座和 加载架, 所述加载架通过回转机构安装在所述底座上, 所述回转驱动机构 驱动加载架相对于与底座回转; 所述加载驱动机构安装在加载架上; 所述 动配合; 所述位移驱动机构驱动加载装置沿所述轨道移动。
可选的, 所述轨道直线延伸, 且其延伸方向与台体的长度方向平行。
可选的, 所述台体还包括倒 "T" 定位轨道槽和竖向定位轨道面, 所 述底座包括垂直受力滚轮和水平受力滚轮, 所述垂直受力滚轮的滚动面与 所述倒 "T" 定位轨道槽的内顶面相配合, 所述水平受力滚轮的滚动面与 所述水平定位面相配合。
可选的, 包括两个分别位于所述加载装置两侧的所述位移驱动机构; 所述位移驱动机构包括安装在台体上的两个卷筒和两个换向机构, 所述换 向机构包括相对应的纵向定滑轮和横向定滑轮; 一个钢丝绳的一端与加载 装置的前部相连, 另一端顺序绕过一个换向机构的纵向定滑轮和横向定滑 轮, 再绕在一个卷筒上; 另一个钢丝绳的一端与加载装置的后部相连, 另 一端顺序绕过另一个换向机构的纵向定滑轮和横向定滑轮, 再绕在另一个 卷筒上。
可选的, 所述位移驱动机构的两个卷筒上钢丝绳绕向相反, 且两个卷 筒的旋转轴线重合, 并由一个动力源驱动。
可选的, 包括多个加载装置和与加载装置相对应的位移驱动机构; 多 个加载装置沿台体的纵向方向排列。
本发明提供的叶片静态试验系统包括控制器、 力传感器和上述任一种 叶片加载试验台; 所述力传感器用于获取加载装置对叶片的加载作用力; 所述控制器用于控制位移驱动机构和回转驱动机构。
可选的, 所述加载驱动机构的施力端通过钢丝绳与叶片的加载点相 连, 所述力传感器安装在钢丝绳与施力端之间, 或安装在钢丝绳与叶片的 加载点之间。
可选的, 还包括安装在叶片加载点的角度检测装置, 所述角度检测装 置用于检测叶片加载点的叶片法线与钢丝绳延伸方向之间的加载偏角; 所 述控制器根据角度检测装置获得的加载偏角控制位移驱动机构和回转驱动 机构。
可选的, 所述加载装置的动力源为伺服电机, 所述位移驱动机构的动 力源为步进电机, 所述回转驱动机构的动力源为同步伺服电机。
本发明提供的叶片静态加载台中, 除包括台体之外, 还包括加载装置 和与加载装置相对应的位移驱动机构; 所述加载装置包括回转驱动机构、
加载驱动机构、 底座和加载架。 通过加载驱动机构可以对叶片预定的加载 点加载预定作用力; 在叶片由于受力而弯曲, 加载点的叶片法线与加载驱 动机构加载的作用力方向之间产生加载偏角或加载偏角过大时, 可以通过 位移驱动机构驱动加载装置沿轨道相对于台体移动; 同时, 通过回转驱动 机构使加载架相对于底座旋转, 使加载驱动机构相对于台体旋转预定角 度, 进而在不改变叶片加载点位置的情况下, 调整加载驱动机构加载作用 力的方向, 使该作用力的加载方向与该加载点的叶片法线保持一致或使二 者之间的加载偏角保持在预定的范围之内; 这样就能够以减小加载驱动机 构的加载作用力与相应加载点的叶片法线方向的实际负载之间的差别。
在进一步的技术方案中, 使所述轨道直线延伸, 且其延伸方向与台体 的长度方向平行; 这样可以更方便地控制加载装置的水平位移和旋转角 度, 更容易调整加载驱动机构加载作用力的方向。
在进一步的技术方案中, 所述台体还包括倒 "T" 定位轨道槽和竖向 定位轨道面, 所述底座包括水平受力滚轮和垂直受力滚轮, 所述垂直受力 滚轮的滚动面与所述倒 "T" 定位轨道槽的内顶面相配合, 所述水平受力 滚轮与所述竖向定位轨道面相配合。 垂直受力滚轮能够平衡加载装置的倾 覆力矩, 水平受力滚轮能够平衡加载装置的承受的水平方向的作用力, 二 者相结合可以保持加载装置的运动的整体稳定性。
在进一步的技术方案中, 通过卷筒和钢丝绳的配合, 能够保证位移驱 动机构的工作稳定性和可靠性; 同时, 位移驱动机构通过钢丝绳同时与加 载装置的前部和后部相连, 能够保证加载装置移动的稳定性。
在进一步的技术方案中, 所述位移驱动机构的两个卷筒的旋转轴线重 合, 且由一个动力源驱动。 这样就可以在保证位移驱动机构工作稳定性的 同时, 提高位移驱动机构的工作可靠性。
在进一步的技术方案中, 叶片静态加载台包括多个加载装置和与加载 装置相对应的位移驱动机构; 多个加载装置在台体的纵向方向上排列。 这 样不仅可以同时对叶片的多个加载点进行加载, 还可以使叶片静态加载台 能够对多种类型、 多种长度的叶片进行加载, 增加叶片静态加载台的适应 性。
在提供上述叶片加载试验台的基础上, 包括上述叶片加载试验台的提 供的叶片静态试验系统也具有相应的技术效果。
在进一步的技术方案中, 所述加载驱动机构的施力端通过钢丝绳与叶 片的加载点相连, 所述力传感器安装在钢丝绳与施力端之间, 或安装在钢 丝绳与叶片的加载点之间。 通过加载拉力对叶片加载作用力, 可以提高作 用力检测的准确性; 用力传感器直接检测钢丝绳传递的加载作用力, 可以 提高测量的准确性。
在进一步的技术方案中, 还包括安装在叶片加载点的角度检测装置, 所述角度检测装置用于检测叶片加载点的叶片法线与钢丝绳延伸方向之间 的加载偏角; 所述控制器根据角度检测装置获得的加载偏角控制位移驱动 机构和回转驱动机构。 通过角度检测装置反馈的加载偏角, 控制器实时控 制位移驱动机构和回转驱动机构, 进而实时控制加载装置相对于台体的位 移和加载架体与底座之间的回转角度, 使加载作用力的方向与相应加载点 叶片法线方向保持在更小的范围内, 更进一步的减少加载作用力与相应加 载点叶片法线方向上的实际负载之间的差别, 提高叶片静态试验系统检测 数据的准确性。
所述加载装置的动力源为伺服电机, 所述位移驱动机构的动力源为步 进电机, 所述回转驱动机构的动力源为同步伺服电机。 这样一方面可以方 便叶片静态试验系统的控制, 另一方面可以提高叶片静态试验系统控制的 精确性。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术中, 叶片静态强度试验的加载原理示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台的结构示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台中, 随动加载单元的俯视 图;
图 4是图 3的 A向视图;
图 5为图 3的 B向视图;
图 6是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台的加载原理示意图; 图 7是本发明提供的叶片静态加载台中,加载装置的下视立体结构图;
图 8是本发明提供的叶片静态试验系统的控制框图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述, 本部分的描述仅是示范性和解 释性, 不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。
请参考图 2 , 图 2是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台的结构示意 图; 为了描述方便, 图中还示出的叶片 100。
本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台包括台体 200和 5个加载单元; 其中, 5个加载单元包括两个随动加载单元 300和三个根部加载单元 400, 各加载单元均具有加载驱动机构, 加载驱动机构的施力端通过钢丝绳 101 与叶片 100的 5个加载点 1、 2、 3、 4、 5相连; 钢丝绳 101与叶片 100的 加载点之间通常设置适当的夹具, 以保证钢丝绳 101与叶片 100加载点之 间连接的可靠性, 并防止损伤叶片 100的表面。 台体 200—端设置有固定 机构, 叶片 100的根端通过固定机构固定在台体 200上, 叶片 100尖端沿 纵向方向向台体 200的另一端延伸。
根部加载单元 400包括根部加载架和安装在根部加载架的加载驱动机 构; 3个固定加载单元的加载驱动机构通过一个钢丝绳 101与加载点 3、 4 和 5相连;加载点 3、 4和 5靠近叶片 100的根端。为了方便加载点的调整, 适应对不同长度、 不同类型叶片 100的加载的需要; 本例中, 台体 200上 设置有在纵向方向延伸的根部轨道 210 , 根部加载单元 400的根部加载架 与根部轨道 210滑动配合; 这样, 固定加载单元 400的加载架就可以沿根 部轨道 210相对于台体 200移动, 使根部加载单元 400的加载驱动机构能 够与叶片 100不同位置相对应, 进而调整叶片 100相应加载点的位置。
请参考图 3、 4和 5 , 图 3是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台中, 随动加载单元的俯视图;图 4是图 3的 A向视图;图 5为图 3的 B向视图。
随动加载单元 300包括加载装置 310和两个位移驱动机构 320。 与随 动加载单元 300相对应的台体 200上表面部分设置轨道 220; 本例中, 轨 道 220直线延伸, 且其延伸方向与台体 200的长度方向平行。
加载装置 310包括回转驱动机构、 加载驱动机构 314、 底座 311和加 载架 312。 底座 311与轨道 220滑动配合, 使加载装置 310能够相对于台
体 200沿轨道 220移动;本例中,底座 311包括有可旋转的移动滚轮 3111 , 移动滚轮 3111与轨道 220相配合。加载架 312通过回转机构 313安装在底 座 311上, 回转机构 313的回转轴线与水平面垂直, 这样, 加载架 312就 可以相对于底座 311在水平面内绕回转轴线旋转。 回转驱动机构 (图中未 示出)用于驱动加载架 312相对于底座 311旋转, 回转驱动机构可以包括 动力源和齿圈, 动力源输出轴可以设置与齿圈相啮合的齿轮; 将动力源和 齿圈分别安装在加载架 312和底座 311上, 就可以驱动加载架 312相对于 底座 311旋转。 回转驱动机构也可以是现有的其他具体结构。
加载驱动机构 314安装在加载架 312上, 用于产生加载作用力, 对叶 片 100的预定加载点加载预定作用力。 本例中, 加载驱动机构 314包括一 个动力源和卷筒, 动力源驱动卷筒旋转, 卷筒绕有钢丝绳 101 , 该钢丝绳 101外端先绕过安装在加载架 312上的定滑轮 3121、 3122再向叶片 100的 加载点伸出, 这样可以使钢丝绳 101的伸出端相对固定, 避免由于卷筒缠 绕位置不同而造成钢丝绳 101伸出端的偏斜。 同时, 使定滑轮 3121、 3122 安装位置具有适当的高度, 这样可以调整钢丝绳 101与叶片 100加载点之 间的水平度, 以提高检测的准确度。
位移驱动机构 320包括安装在台体 200上的两个卷筒 321和两个换向 机构 322。 结合图 4和图 5 , 每个换向机构 322包括一个纵向定滑轮 3221 和横向定滑轮 3222, 纵向定滑轮 3221垂直可旋转地安装在台体 200上, 且其旋转轴线与轨道 220的延伸方向垂直;横向定滑轮 3222也垂直可旋转 地安装在台体 200上, 但其旋转轴线与轨道 220延伸方向平行, 即其旋转 轴线与相对应的纵向定滑轮 3221 的旋转轴线垂直。 本例中, 横向定滑轮 3222的位置高于纵向定滑轮 3221的位置,且横向定滑轮 3222钢丝槽外侧 的垂向切线与纵向定滑轮 3221钢丝槽外侧的垂向切线相对应。一个钢丝绳 323的一端与加载装置 310的前部,具体是底座 311的前部(朝向叶片 100 方向为前)相连, 另一端先从下方绕左侧 (以图 5为参照)换向机构 322 的纵向定滑轮 3221垂直向上延伸; 再横向延伸,从该换向机构 322的横向 定滑轮 3222上方绕过, 再绕在一个卷筒 321 上。 同样, 另一钢丝绳 324 的一端与底座 311的后部相连, 另一端先从下方绕另一个换向机构 322的
纵向定滑轮 3221垂直向上延伸,再横向延伸,从该换向机构 322的横向定 滑轮 3222上方绕过,再绕在另一个卷筒 321上; 钢丝绳 323和 324在两个 卷筒 321上绕向相反。 本例中, 两个卷筒 321的旋转轴线重合, 且由一个 动力源驱动。 两个位移驱动机构 320分别位于加载装置 310两侧; 且对称 布置。右侧(以图 3为参照)位移驱动机构 320分别通过钢丝绳 325和 326 分别与底座 311前部和后部相连。
上述位移驱动机构 320的工作原理是: 在动力源驱动左侧的位移驱动 机构 320的两个卷筒 321旋转时, 由于两个卷筒 321上钢丝绳 323、 324 绕向相反,进而能够通过两个钢丝绳 323、 324驱动加载装置 310向左侧移 动; 此时, 右侧位移驱动机构 320的两个卷筒 321以相应的方向旋转, 两 个钢丝绳 325、 326松开。 同样的原理, 在动力源驱动右侧位移驱动机构的 卷筒 321旋转时, 也能够驱动加载装置 310向右移动。
根据上述描述, 钢丝绳 323缠绕方式不限于上述方式, 根据横向定滑 轮 3222与纵向定滑轮 3221位置不同, 钢丝绳 323可以以不同方向缠绕。 如在横向定滑轮 3222的位置低于纵向定滑轮 3221的位置时, 钢丝绳 323 一端可以先从上方绕过纵向定滑轮 3221 , 然后垂直向下延伸, 先横向绕过 横向定滑轮 3222 , 再绕到卷筒 321上; 同样, 其他钢丝绳可以根据实际情 况进行相应缠绕。
请参考图 6 , 图 6是本发明实施例提供的叶片静态加载台的加载原理 示意图。
5个加载单元分别通过其加载驱动机构对叶片的 5个加载点进行加载; 在加载过程中, 叶片 100各部分会产生相应变形, 靠近尖端的加载点 1和 加载点 2处的变形较大, 使该加载点处的叶片法线(如图中虚线所示)逐 渐偏斜。 此时, 如图 6中随动加载单元 300直线箭头所示, 可以通过位移 驱动机构 320驱动随动加载单元 300的加载装置 310沿轨道 220相对于台 体 200向右移动; 同时, 如图 6中随动加载单元 300中旋转箭头所示, 通 过回转驱动机构使加载架 312相对于底座 311旋转, 使加载驱动机构 314 相对于台体 200旋转预定角度, 进而在不改变加载点 1和加载点 2位置的 情况下, 调整加载装置 310的加载驱动机构 314加载作用力的方向, 使加
载作用力的方向与相应加载点的叶片法线保持一致或使二者之间的加载偏 角保持在预定的范围之内; 这样就能够以减小各随动加载单元 300中, 加 载驱动机构加载作用力与叶片 100相应加载点叶片法线方向上的实际负载 之间的差别。
对于加载点 3、 4和 5来讲, 由于叶片 100的该位置变形量较小, 各叶 片法线偏斜量较小, 可以保持固定加载单元 400加载作用力的方向不变。
请结合图 5并参考图 7 , 图 7是本发明提供的叶片静态加载台中, 加 载装置下视立体结构图。底座 311包括垂直受力滚轮 3112和水平受力滚轮 3113 , 垂直受力滚轮 3112可旋转在安装底座 311本体上, 其旋转轴线与水 平面平行; 水平受力滚轮 3113可旋转在安装底座 311本体上, 其旋转轴线 与水平面垂直。 与垂直受力滚轮 3112和水平受力滚轮 3113相对应, 台体 200上表面还形成倒 "T"定位轨道槽 201和包括竖向定位轨道面 202的定 位轨道槽 ,竖向定位轨道面 202朝向加载装置 310后部。垂直受力滚轮 3112 的滚动面与倒 "T" 定位轨道槽 201的内顶面相配合, 水平受力滚轮 3113 的滚动面与竖向定位轨道面 201相配合。这样,垂直受力滚轮 3112能够平 衡加载装置 310 的倾覆力矩, 水平受力滚轮 3113 能够平衡加载装置 310 的承受的水平方向的作用力, 二者相结合可以保持加载装置 310的运动的 整体稳定性。 本例中, 加载架 312为桁架结构, 为了提高加载架 312的稳 定性, 还可以在背向叶片 100的后部设置配重块。
根据上述描述, 可以理解, 轨道 210不限于为直线型轨道, 也可以是 其他形状的轨道, 只要其两端分别向台体 200两端分别延伸, 使加载装置 310能够在纵向方向相对于台体 200产生相对位移就可以实现发明的目的。 另外, 位移驱动机构 320也不限于上述结构, 也可以为其他能够驱动加载 装置 310沿预定轨道滑动的机构, 比如: 可以是丝杆导轨机构、 齿轮齿条 机构等等。
在提供上述叶片加载试验台的基础上, 本发明提供的叶片静态试验系 统包括控制器、 力传感器和上述叶片加载试验台。
请参考图 8 , 该图是本发明提供的叶片静态试验系统的控制框图。 控 制器 710的输出端与位移驱动机构 320和回转驱动机构 315相连, 用于分
别控制位移驱动机构 320的动力源和回转驱动机构 315的动力源, 以通过 位移驱动机构 320控制各加载装置 310的位置, 并通过回转驱动机构 315 控制随动加载单元 300中, 加载驱动机构 314的施力方向; 当然, 还可以 通过控制器 710控制随动加载单元 300中加载驱动机构 314的动力源, 以 控制加载驱动机构 314产生的作用力; 当然, 也可以通过控制器 710同时 控制^ =艮部加载单元中的加载驱动机构的动力源。
力传感器用于获取各加载装置对叶片 100各加载点加载的作用力, 并 将获取的相关数据传递给适当的处理器。 利用上述叶片加载试验台, 可以 更准确地获得叶片 100的各加载点叶片法线方向的承受的负载, 进而为核 算叶片静态强度相关参数提供可靠依据。 力传感器的安装位置可以根据实 际需要设置, 优选的方式为安装在钢丝绳 101与加载驱动机构 314的施力 端之间, 或安装在钢丝绳 101与相对应叶片加载点之间, 以通过直接测量 的方式获得加载驱动机构的加载的作用力; 也可以安装在图 5所示的与定 滑轮 3121、 3122相关的位置, 以通过检测定滑轮 3121、 3122受力间接测 量加载驱动机构 314的加载作用力。
为了保证各加载点叶片法线与加载作用力方向之间的一致性, 提高控 制自动性; 叶片静态试验系统还包括安装在叶片 100的加载点 1和加载点 2上的两个角度检测装置 720。角度检测装置 720与控制器 710的输入端相 连, 用于检测加载点 1和加载点 2的叶片法线与相应钢丝绳 101延伸方向 之间的加载偏角; 控制器 710根据角度检测装置 720获得的加载偏角实时 控制位移驱动机构 320和回转驱动机构 315 , 使加载点 1和加载点 2的叶 片法线与相对应钢丝绳 101的延伸方向尽量保持一致, 或减小二者之间的 加载偏角, 减小加载作用力与叶片的相应加载点在叶片法线方向上的实际 负载之间的差别, 提高叶片静态试验系统检测数据的准确性。
为了提高控制的准确性, 本发明实施例中, 加载驱动机构 314的动力 源为伺服电机,位移驱动机构 320的动力源为步进电机,回转驱动机构 315 的动力源为同步伺服电机;这样一方面可以方便叶片静态试验系统的控制, 另一方面可以提高叶片静态试验系统控制的精确性。 当然, 各驱动机构动 力源可以根据实际需要选用, 比如可以是液压元件。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式, 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的 普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以做出若干改进 和润饰, 比如, 加载驱动机构 314不限于通过拉力对叶片 100加载, 也可 以通过推力或压力对叶片 100加载, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保 护范围。
Claims
1、 一种叶片静态加载台, 包括台体, 所述台体一端具有与叶片根端配 合的固定机构, 使叶片的尖端沿纵向另一端延伸, 其特征在于, 还包括加 载装置和位移驱动机构; 所述加载装置包括回转驱动机构、加载驱动机构、 底座和加载架, 所述加载架通过回转机构安装在所述底座上, 所述回转驱 动机构驱动加载架相对于与底座回转;所述加载驱动机构安装在加载架上; 道滑动配合; 所述位移驱动机构驱动加载装置沿所述轨道移动。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的叶片静态加载台, 其特征在于, 所述轨道直 线延伸, 且其延伸方向与台体的长度方向平行。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的叶片静态加载台, 其特征在于, 所述台体还 包括倒 "T" 定位轨道槽和竖向定位轨道面, 所述底座包括垂直受力滚轮 和水平受力滚轮, 所述垂直受力滚轮的滚动面与所述倒 "T" 定位轨道槽 的内顶面相配合, 所述水平受力滚轮的滚动面与所述水平定位面相配合。
4、根据权利要求 2所述的叶片静态加载台, 其特征在于, 包括两个分 别位于所述加载装置两侧的所述位移驱动机构; 所述位移驱动机构包括安 装在台体上的两个卷筒和两个换向机构, 所述换向机构包括相对应的纵向 定滑轮和横向定滑轮; 一个钢丝绳的一端与加载装置的前部相连, 另一端 顺序绕过一个换向机构的纵向定滑轮和横向定滑轮, 再绕在一个卷筒上; 另一个钢丝绳的一端与加载装置的后部相连, 另一端顺序绕过另一个换向 机构的纵向定滑轮和横向定滑轮, 再绕在另一个卷筒上。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的叶片静态加载台, 其特征在于, 所述位移驱 动机构的两个卷筒上钢丝绳绕向相反, 且两个卷筒的旋转轴线重合, 并由 一个动力源驱动。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任一项所述的叶片静态加载台, 其特征在于, 包 括多个加载装置和与加载装置相对应的位移驱动机构; 多个加载装置沿台 体的纵向方向排列。
7、 一种叶片静态试验系统, 其特征在于, 包括控制器、 力传感器和权 利要求 1-6任一项所述的叶片加载试验台; 所述力传感器用于获取加载装 置对叶片的加载作用力; 所述控制器用于控制位移驱动机构和回转驱动机 构。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的叶片静态试验系统, 其特征在于, 所述加载 驱动机构的施力端通过钢丝绳与叶片的加载点相连, 所述力传感器安装在 钢丝绳与施力端之间, 或安装在钢丝绳与叶片的加载点之间。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的叶片静态试验系统, 其特征在于, 还包括安 装在叶片加载点的角度检测装置, 所述角度检测装置用于检测叶片加载点 的叶片法线与钢丝绳延伸方向之间的加载偏角; 所述控制器根据角度检测 装置获得的加载偏角控制位移驱动机构和回转驱动机构。
10、根据权利要求 7-9任一项所述的叶片静态试验系统, 其特征在于, 所述加载装置的动力源为伺服电机, 所述位移驱动机构的动力源为步进电 机, 所述回转驱动机构的动力源为同步伺服电机。
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