WO2011158279A1 - 電解装置および微酸性電解水の製造方法 - Google Patents
電解装置および微酸性電解水の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011158279A1 WO2011158279A1 PCT/JP2010/003928 JP2010003928W WO2011158279A1 WO 2011158279 A1 WO2011158279 A1 WO 2011158279A1 JP 2010003928 W JP2010003928 W JP 2010003928W WO 2011158279 A1 WO2011158279 A1 WO 2011158279A1
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- chlorine
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- containing composition
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- hydrochloric acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
- C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/004—Seals, connections
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
- C02F2201/4614—Current
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46145—Fluid flow
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4616—Power supply
- C02F2201/4617—DC only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4618—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolyte
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyzer for electrolyzing a chlorine-containing composition and producing slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing molecular hypochlorous acid as a component, and a method for producing slightly acidic electrolyzed water.
- slightly acidic electrolyzed water contains molecular hypochlorous acid generated by electrolysis of the chlorine-containing composition as an oxidizing product, it has a high oxidation ability. This high oxidizing ability is used as high-functional water for sterilization, sterilization, deodorization, decolorization, hand washing, face washing and the like.
- the above-mentioned slightly acidic electrolyzed water is generally produced by dissolving a water-soluble chlorine-containing composition in diluted water to prepare a solution and electrolyzing the solution in an electrolytic cell.
- Electrolysis methods are roughly classified into a diaphragm type and a non-diaphragm type, and examples of techniques using the diaphragm type include electrolysis of a salt solution and extraction of the liquid obtained from the anode compartment as a product. It is characterized by being strongly acidic by hydrochloric acid produced in the same mole as hypochlorous acid, and is generally called strongly acidic electrolyzed water (Patent Document 1).
- the technology using a non-diaphragm electrolytic cell is a technology for electrolyzing a sodium chloride solution to produce a sodium hypochlorite solution (Patent Document 2), electrolyzing dilute hydrochloric acid, diluting the electrolyte with water,
- Patent Document 3 the technique for electrolyzing dilute hydrochloric acid, diluting the electrolyte with water.
- the electrolytic cell for producing the slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing a component having a high oxidizing ability described above must be continuously electrolyzed for a long period of time in contact with the component having a high oxidizing power. Therefore, (1) to prevent the leakage of the concentrated electrolyte produced in the electrolytic cell, (2) since the electrolyte is a supersaturated solution of chlorine, it is necessary to take measures not only for the liquid but also for the leakage of the gas, 3) Since the electrolyte is a high-concentration chlorine-containing solution, it is necessary to satisfy specific requirements such as the possibility of corroding nearby parts and equipment if leaked even in a small amount.
- FIG. 12 shows a temporal change in electrolysis current when electrolysis is resumed after electrolysis is stopped for 24 hours in a conventional electrolytic cell.
- the electrolysis current decreases with the lapse of electrolysis time, and steadily changes around the set current value.
- An extremely high current observed for an extremely short time observed immediately after the start of electrolysis is recorded, and this phenomenon is considered to be an inrush current (Initial-Charge-Current) for charging due to the electrolytic cell acting as an electrolytic capacitor.
- the gradually decreasing current value after a few seconds after the start is not the inrush current, but the current value actually flowing in the electrolytic cell is large, that is, the electrolyte concentration is high and the conductivity in the electrolytic cell ( ⁇ ⁇ 1 : ( ⁇ ⁇ cm) ⁇ 1 ) is in a large state.
- the electrode and the constant voltage power source for electrolysis are damaged, and there is a problem that the life of the electrode / power source is shortened.
- the generated water has an abnormally high chlorine concentration, and various environmental sanitation and equipment durability such as off-flavor, rusting on metals, and odor transfer to objects.
- a high load is applied to the constant voltage power source for electrolysis, and therefore, an abnormal stop due to a power source failure is also assumed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the present invention produces a slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing an electrolysis product of a chlorine-containing composition.
- the supply of dilute hydrochloric acid is also stopped along with the stop of the electrolysis current, so immediately after the stop, the hydrochloric acid concentration in the lower part of the electrolytic cell is relatively high, and the upper part of the electrolytic cell is affected by electrolysis.
- the concentration of hydrochloric acid is low, and the concentration of elemental chlorine and hypochlorous acid is high.
- the convection and molecular diffusion phenomenon caused by the reversal of the specific gravity causes the hydrochloric acid accumulated in the supply pipe and the bottom to diffuse inside the electrolytic cell, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid gradually becomes uniform throughout the electrolytic cell.
- the inventors have confirmed that the conductivity ( ⁇ ⁇ 1 ) of the electrolytic solution existing in the electrode region increases, and that the hydrochloric acid concentration becomes uniform over the electrode region over time. Has been found to be one of the causes of abnormally high values.
- the present inventors have increased the initial electrolysis current that occurs when the operation of the electrolytic cell is stopped, and the amount by which a chlorine-containing composition such as dilute hydrochloric acid diffuses into the electrode region when the electrolysis is stopped. It has been found that it can be significantly suppressed by decreasing the amount, and the present invention has been achieved.
- An electrolysis apparatus for producing a slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing hypochlorous acid by electrolyzing a chlorine-containing composition containing chlorine ions, diluting the electrolyte solution,
- a container for providing a dilution water flow path for diluting the electrolyte solution;
- a unit electrolysis cell of a non-diaphragm disposed within the container and defined between a plurality of plate electrodes;
- An electrode holding frame provided with a storage part for storing in the Moreover, in this invention, the electrolysis apparatus whose total area S of the said opening which connects the said unit electrolysis cell and the said storage part is 10 mm ⁇ 2 > or less is provided.
- the said electrolysis apparatus can satisfy
- S is the total area (mm 2 ) of the opening
- Rv is the ratio between the reservoir and the total volume of the electrode gap of the unit electrolysis cell, and is a real number from 0 to 1
- N is the concentration (mass%) of the chlorine-containing compound in the chlorine-containing composition.
- the ratio (Rv) of the reservoir volume to the total volume of the electrode gap is preferably in the range of 0.1% to 4%.
- at least two or more openings may be disposed per unit electrolytic cell.
- the opening can be defined by a hole of a porous material.
- the ratio of the reservoir volume to the total volume of the electrode gap is 0.1 to 1% or less.
- both outer side surfaces of the plate electrode arranged on the outermost side can be cooled by the dilution water.
- the chlorine-containing composition may be selected from a chlorine-containing composition that is an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an alkali metal chloride or an alkaline earth metal chloride, and any mixture thereof.
- an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and a chlorine-containing composition are supplied to any one of the above electrolyzers, and a voltage is applied to a unit electrolytic cell of a non-diaphragm membrane defined between a plurality of flat plate electrodes, thereby There is provided a method for producing slightly acidic electrolyzed water, in which a chlorine composition is electrolyzed to produce an electrolyzed liquid containing hypochlorous acid.
- the chlorine-containing composition of the present invention can be selected from a chlorine-containing composition that is an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an alkali metal chloride or an alkaline earth metal chloride, and any mixture thereof.
- a slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing an electrolysis product of a chlorine-containing composition is produced, and an abnormal increase in initial electrolysis current is prevented when electrolysis is resumed after the operation of the electrolytic cell is stopped.
- the figure which showed the continuous operation characteristic of the electrolyzer of this embodiment The figure which showed the continuous operation characteristic of the electrolyzer of this embodiment.
- the figure which showed the continuous operation characteristic of the electrolyzer of this embodiment The figure which showed the continuous operation characteristic of the electrolyzer of this embodiment.
- the figure which showed the continuous operation characteristic of the electrolyzer of this embodiment The graph which showed the electrolysis current at the time of restarting electrolysis after electrolysis stop for 24 hours in the conventional electrolytic cell.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrolytic cell 100 of the present embodiment.
- the electrolytic cell 100 accommodates each element for electrolyzing a chlorine-containing compound in a container 115.
- an electrode stack 101 configured by overlapping a plurality of parallel flat plate electrodes 101 a and an electrode holding frame 110 are arranged.
- the electrode holding frame 110 is a flat plate forming the electrode stack 101.
- An electrode stack 101 is formed by holding the electrode 101a in the circumferential direction.
- the electrode stack 101 has five plate electrodes arranged in parallel, a terminal from a power source is connected to the two outermost plate electrodes, and both outer side surfaces are installed for cooling later. In contact with dilution water (insulating).
- the electrode stack 101 provides a total of four cells between the five plate electrodes, and electrolyzes the chlorine-containing composition solution circulated in the electrode stack 101.
- the electrolytic space formed in the space between the plate electrodes 101a functioning as the counter electrode is hereinafter referred to as a unit electrolytic cell.
- the electrode holding frame 110 that holds the lower part of the electrode stack 101 is connected to a supply pipe 104 that is formed of a corrosion-resistant material and supplies a chlorine-containing composition to the electrode stack 101.
- This supply pipe 104 extends to the upper part of the electrolytic cell 100, and a chlorine-containing composition solution, which will be described below, is provided via a sealing element 106 disposed on an upper plate 118 that closes the upper part of the electrolytic cell 100. In the form, it extends to a dilute hydrochloric acid reservoir (not shown). The dilute hydrochloric acid is introduced from the supply pipe 104 into the reservoir 108 formed in the electrode holding frame 110 below the electrode stack 101.
- dilute hydrochloric acid is introduced between the unit electrolysis cells from the storage unit 108 through the opening 107 formed in the electrode holding frame 110 so as to communicate the storage unit 108 and the unit electrolysis cell, and is electrolyzed during the electrolytic operation.
- the electrode stack 101 flows upward according to the liquid feeding pressure from the supply pipe 104.
- an inlet port 112 for introducing dilution water for diluting the decomposition product of dilute hydrochloric acid into the container 115, and slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing the diluted decomposition product are provided outside the container 115.
- An outlet port 113 for discharging is formed.
- the electrolyzed solution generated by electrolysis by the electrode stack 101 is discharged from the electrode stack 101 into the container 115 through the opening 109 formed on the upper side of the electrode holding frame 110 of the electrode stack 101.
- the discharged electrolyte solution is diluted with diluted water supplied from the inlet port 112 and then discharged as slightly acidic electrolytic water from the outlet port 113.
- the chlorine-containing composition solution is described as a dilute hydrochloric acid as a specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the dilute hydrochloric acid.
- the storage part 108 formed below the electrode holding frame 110 of the electrode stack 101 temporarily stores the chlorine-containing composition solution from the supply pipe 104, stabilizes the pressure and concentration, and a plurality of unit electrolytic cells. In contrast, it has a function of supplying dilute hydrochloric acid at a flow rate as uniform as possible.
- the supply pipe 104 is connected to one end of the storage portion 108 via a seal element 116.
- the storage portion 108 has an opening 107 formed on the surface facing the flat plate electrode, and the opening 107 is formed.
- the flat plate electrode is held by the electrode holding frame 110 so as to form a unit electrolysis cell.
- the bottom and top surfaces of the container 115 are closed by the upper plate 118 and the lower plate 120.
- Two terminal electrode terminal rods 103 and a supply pipe 104 are inserted into the upper plate 118, and a watertight seal 105 and a sealing element 106 are disposed in each of the insertion portions so that the contents in the container 115 can be sealed. It is said.
- Diluted hydrochloric acid as a chlorine-containing composition is flattened from a supply pipe 104, a sealing element 116, a reservoir 108 and an opening 107, respectively. It is supplied to the space between the electrodes.
- the supplied dilute hydrochloric acid is electrolyzed between the plate electrode plates and electrolyzed as it passes through the electrode stack 101, and the electrolyzed solution containing the electrolysis product is formed in the opening 109 formed in the electrode holding frame 110 disposed in the upper part.
- the dilution water introduced into the container 115 from the inlet port 112 is mixed with the electrolyte solution in the vicinity of the outlet of the opening 109 of the electrode holding frame 110 and is discharged from the outlet port 113 as slightly acidic electrolytic water.
- the discharged slightly acidic electrolyzed water is stored in a slightly acidic electrolyzed water reservoir or the like via a discharge pipe (not shown).
- the flat plate electrode 101a constituting the electrode stack 101 of the present embodiment is formed by coating iridium oxide on the surface acting as the anode and platinum on the surface acting as the cathode as electrode materials.
- the interval between the plate electrodes can be set to an interval at which an appropriate electric field can be applied, and the interval can be appropriately set within a range of about 1 mm to 10 mm.
- the shape and the number of the openings 107 formed in the lower part of the unit electrolysis cell are not particularly limited, and may be rectangular, circular, mesh, pores, etc.
- the area has a significant effect on the initial electrolysis current when the electrolysis operation is resumed after the electrolysis operation is stopped.
- the relationship between the area of the opening 107 and the initial electrolysis current will be described in detail later.
- the reservoir 108 provides a common supply path for allowing dilute hydrochloric acid to flow evenly and stably between the plate electrode plates, and the shape thereof is any shape related to the configuration of the electrode stack 101 such as a cylinder or a rectangular parallelepiped.
- the volume ratio Rv between the volume of the reservoir 108 and the total volume of the electrode gap also has a large effect on the initial electrolysis current when the electrolysis operation is resumed after the electrolysis operation is stopped. It was done.
- the size of each member / element can be appropriately changed according to the equipment scale, the processing amount, etc., and the shape of each part can also be appropriately corrected according to a specific purpose.
- the opening 107 of the lower electrode holding frame 110 formed integrally with the storage portion 108 can be formed as an independent opening as described above, and a large number of the openings are within a range that does not impair the operational effects of the present embodiment. It can be configured as a porous plate or an unglazed plate in which holes are formed, and the material is not particularly limited.
- the lower edge of the electrode holding frame 110 can be configured as the above-described porous plate or unglazed plate.
- the electrode holding frame 110 may be disposed on the lower edge.
- examples of the chlorine-containing composition that can be used in the present embodiment include water-soluble chlorine-containing ion compounds such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in addition to the hydrochloric acid described above.
- Sodium, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate and the like can be used together or added as a buffer for stabilizing the pH.
- a salt of chlorine ions and an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element any mixture of these compounds, and the like can be used.
- the container 115 is made of transparent hard vinyl chloride in this embodiment, but need not be transparent, and is not particularly limited as long as it has water resistance and chlorine durability such as polymethyl methacrylate, polysulfone, polystyrene, polycarbonate, etc. And can be made of a general-purpose plastic material. Further, when transparency or the like is not a problem, the container 115 can be made of ceramics or the like.
- a dilution water channel 111 is formed between the container 115 and the electrode stack 101, and the dilution water supplied from the inlet port 112 flows through the dilution water channel 111.
- This diluted water is in contact with the outer surfaces of the outermost flat plate electrodes of the electrode stack 101 and is always cooled to prevent temperature increase of the electrolytic cell 100 and the electrode stack 101 itself in addition to dilution.
- the water temperature in the electrolytic cell 100 is preferably maintained at about room temperature (20 ° C. to 30 ° C.) for the reason of suppressing convective diffusion in the electrolytic cell 100 as much as possible. This is because when the temperature in the electrolytic cell 100 rises, convection associated with cooling becomes active, and diffusion movement of dilute hydrochloric acid from the reservoir 108 into the unit electrolysis cell is also activated.
- the slightly acidic electrolyzed water produced in the present embodiment is the acidity in the range of pH 5 to pH 6.5 when the hydrogen ion concentration of the slightly acidic electrolyzed water produced by electrolysis of the chlorine-containing composition is described in terms of pH. It is preferable to have. Chlorine gas may be liberated when the hydrogen ion concentration is pH 4 or less, which is not preferable for environmental hygiene. If the hydrogen ion concentration is lower than pH 6.5 (pH is large) When the ratio of chlorite ions is increased and the pH exceeds 7, it is not preferable because trihalomethane may be generated when mixed with an organic substance.
- the slightly acidic electrolyzed water produced in this embodiment can also contain molecular chlorine, hypochlorous acid, and hypochlorite ions as electrolysis products, and preferably has oxidizing or bactericidal properties. Furthermore, the slightly acidic electrolyzed water of this embodiment has sufficient sterilizing power when the effective chlorine concentration is in the range of 10-30 ppm, and can suppress the generation of free chlorine gas, etc. Since it does not occur, it is preferable.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the electrolytic cell 100 of the present embodiment as viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG.
- the container 115 since the container 115 is described as being transparent, the cross section is not shown.
- An electrode stack 101 is accommodated inside the container 115, and an electrode holding frame 110 is disposed so as to surround the electrode stack 101, and holds the electrode stack 101.
- the entire electrode stack 101 is fixed by a pedestal 114 disposed between the lower plate 120 and the electrode stack 101, and terminal electrode terminal bars 103 are connected to the upper side of the electrode stack 101 on the outer side surfaces of both sides thereof.
- the stability in the container 115 is further improved.
- dilute hydrochloric acid is supplied from the supply pipe 104 to the storage section 108 via the seal element 116 below the electrode holding frame 110.
- the supplied dilute hydrochloric acid flows in the unit electrolytic cell formed by the opposed flat plate electrode 101a and the electrode holding frame 110 shown in FIG.
- the electrolyte solution containing the electrolysis product is discharged from the opening 109 formed at the uppermost end, and the dilution water and the electrolyte solution flowing through the dilution water channel 111 are mixed and diluted to an outlet port (not shown). From the container 115 to the outside of the container 115.
- the electrolyzer 300 using the electrolytic cell 100 of this embodiment and the slightly acidic electrolyzed water manufacturing method are demonstrated.
- the electrolyzer 300 shown in FIG. 3 includes the electrolyzer 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and performs overall control such as power supply / stop to the electrolyzer 100, supply / stop of dilute hydrochloric acid, and opening / closing of each valve. This is performed by the control device 332.
- the control device 332 As the dilution water, tap water can be used as long as it is high resistance water, and distilled water, deionized water, or ultrapure water can be appropriately used depending on the purpose.
- the dilution water is introduced into the dilution water channel 111 of the electrolytic cell 100 via the electromagnetic valve 320, the flow switch 321, the constant flow valve 322, and the check valve 323 installed in the dilution water channel 328.
- the electromagnetic valve 320 is used for supply control of dilution water, and the flow switch 321 performs signal acquisition for avoiding unexpectedly low water in the container 115 or discharge of abnormally high chlorine concentration liquid due to water stoppage. Measure the flow rate of dilution water.
- the constant flow valve 322 controls the flow rate of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilution water for the purpose of keeping the amount of slightly acidic electrolyzed water produced and the effective chlorine concentration constant
- the check valve 323 is a check valve 323 for the electrolyte from the electrolyzer to flow. It is arranged to prevent it from flowing back upstream and damaging the placed instrument.
- the dilute hydrochloric acid pump 325 sucks a predetermined amount of dilute hydrochloric acid from the dilute hydrochloric acid tank 324 and supplies the diluted hydrochloric acid pump 325 to the storage unit 108 disposed in the lower part of the electrolytic cell 100 via the supply pipe 104.
- the diluted hydrochloric acid supplied to the storage unit 108 is introduced into the electrode stack 101 of the electrolytic cell 100 through the opening 107 after the pressure and flow rate are stabilized.
- a direct current is applied to the electrode stack 101 from a direct current power source 331 to electrolyze dilute hydrochloric acid flowing between the plate electrodes 101a.
- a current sensor 330 is installed on the power supply line from the DC power source to the electrolytic cell 100, and the current value is constantly monitored.
- the electrolytic solution generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic bath 100 is discharged from the opening 109 in the upper portion of the electrolytic bath 100 to the diluting water channel 111, mixed with the diluting water, mixed and then discharged to the channel 329.
- the discharged electrolyzed water passes through a static mixer 327 installed on the flow path, is further uniformly mixed, and is discharged as slightly acidic electrolyzed water.
- the control device 332 is controlled by the control device 332 as follows.
- the dilute hydrochloric acid pump 325 is started and dilute hydrochloric acid is supplied to the electrolytic cell 100 to increase the conductivity between the plate electrodes 101a.
- the dilute hydrochloric acid pump 325 is stopped, the supply of dilute hydrochloric acid is stopped, and the conductivity is decreased so that the current value becomes equal to or less than the set current value.
- the control device also stops the electrolysis process of the electrolysis device 300 when the following abnormal state occurs.
- (1) A state where the upper limit current value is exceeded or the lower limit current value is exceeded for a predetermined time.
- (2) When the supply of dilution water stops or when the dilution water has a low flow rate below the set threshold.
- the control device 332 stops the energization and the supply of dilute hydrochloric acid so as not to cause inconveniences on the device and the environment.
- slightly acidic electrolyzed water is produced using the electrolyzer 300 and the production process having the above-described configuration.
- the electrolyzer 300 is not always operated continuously, and may be stopped for a predetermined period in terms of operating environment, production volume, facility capacity, repair inspection, and the like.
- the electrolysis is started again.
- the initial electrolysis current often rises abnormally, and this high current value exceeds the upper limit current value on a scale of several minutes, or the current value near the upper limit threshold value. Persisted, and there was a problem that smooth electrolysis could not be resumed.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the storage unit 108 of the electrolytic cell 100 of the present embodiment.
- 4A is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the electrode holding frame 110 on the lower side of the electrolytic cell 100 shown in FIG. 1, and
- FIG. 4B is along the broken line BB ′ in FIG. 4A.
- An enlarged sectional view is shown.
- the opening 107 and the flat plate electrode 101a on both sides of the opening 107 are disposed adjacent to the storage portion 108, and the flat plate electrode 101a is fitted in the slot formed in the electrode holding frame 110.
- the diluted hydrochloric acid which is inserted and held by the flat plate electrode 101a, once accumulates in the reservoir 108 and then flows into the flat plate electrode 101a through the opening 107 due to the action of liquid feeding pressure.
- the dilute hydrochloric acid that flows between the plate electrodes 101a generates electrolysis products of molecular chlorine, hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions while undergoing electrolysis, and is discharged together with the remaining hydrochloric acid from the upper part of the plate electrode 101a. A slightly acidic electrolyzed water is produced.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the broken line BB ′ in FIG.
- the electrode holding frame 110 is formed with a storage portion 108, and an electrode holding frame in which a slot for holding the flat plate electrode 101a is formed above the storage portion 108. 110 extends, and the flat plate electrode 101a is accommodated and held in the slot 110b.
- the opening 107 is formed in two places in a circular shape, and dilute hydrochloric acid is allowed to flow into the space between the flat plate electrodes 101a from the storage portion.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing that the initial electrolysis current increases in relation to the electrolysis stop time of the electrolyzer 300.
- the horizontal axis represents the electrolysis operation stop time (Idling time (hrs)), and the vertical axis represents the initial electrolysis current (A).
- the setting conditions for the electrolyzer 300 were set current value 3A, opening 107 area 25 mm 2 (2.5 mm ⁇ 10 mm), dilute hydrochloric acid concentration 6%, and reservoir volume 10 cm 3 .
- the current value 3 seconds (s) after the start of electrolysis was used as the initial electrolysis current.
- the initial electrolysis current increases as the electrolysis stop time increases, and increases to around 9 A, which is the allowable current limit of the power supply when it exceeds 20 hours.
- 9 A the allowable current limit of the power supply when it exceeds 20 hours.
- the electrical conductivity in the unit electrolysis cell increases as the electrolysis operation stop time increases, and the electrolysis current flows up to the rated upper limit current of the power source.
- fluctuations in conductivity within the electrolysis cell cause problems in starting production of stable slightly acidic electrolyzed water, and may adversely affect each member / element of the electrolysis apparatus 300 from a long-term viewpoint. Since it is predicted, it is necessary to suppress the variation in the conductivity in the electrolytic cell as much as possible.
- FIG. 6 is a graph in which the initial electrolysis current (A) is plotted against the total area of each unit electrolysis cell of the opening 107 when the electrolysis operation stop time (Idling time) is fixed at 30 hours.
- the shape of the opening 107 is a rectangle and is formed horizontally between the flat plate electrodes 101 a.
- the initial electrolysis voltage (A) is related to the total area of each unit electrolysis cell of the opening 107, and the value of the initial electrolysis current (A) increases as the opening area increases. It was found to be.
- the size of the opening exceeds about 17.5 mm 2 , it seems that the linearity is lowered. This is because the opening size exceeds about 17.5 mm 2 and is constant. This is probably because current control by the voltage power supply is started.
- the electrolytic operation may be stopped on consecutive holidays such as Saturdays and Sundays, so that the electrolytic operation can be started without causing problems even after the electrolytic operation is stopped for at least several tens of hours. It is desirable to be able to start production of electrolyzed water. For this reason, the size (total area / unit electrolysis cell area) of the opening 107 for allowing the storage unit 108 and the electrolysis cell to communicate with each other is within a range in which the productivity is not reduced, and even after the power supply is stopped for at least several tens of hours. It is preferable to limit to a value sufficiently lower than the output limit current.
- the total area of the openings 107 is preferably in the range of 1 mm 2 to 15 mm 2 in order to suppress the initial electrolytic current, and the total area of the openings 107 is 2 mm 2 to 2 mm.
- the range of 15 mm 2 is more preferable in terms of the stability and productivity of the initial electrolysis current.
- the increase in the initial electrolysis current is related to the absolute amount of dilute hydrochloric acid contained in the reservoir 108. That is, if the volume of the reservoir 108 is large, the amount of hydrochloric acid that diffuses into the electrolysis cell when electrolysis is stopped increases. On the other hand, if the volume of the reservoir 108 is small, it is considered that the current stability during the electrolysis operation and the composition stability of the slightly acidic electrolyzed water may be adversely affected.
- the present inventors have further determined that the volume ratio between the reservoir 108 and the total volume of the electrode gap is Rv, and Rv is in the range of 0.1% to 8%, so that the predetermined electrolysis is stopped. From the point of finding that the initial electrolysis current can be suppressed within the allowable limit even after a lapse of time, and further enabling stable suppression of the initial electrolysis current, Rv is set to 0.1% to 4%. It is preferable that Furthermore, the present inventors effectively perform initial electrolysis by limiting the product of the total area S for each unit electrolysis cell of the opening 107 and the volume ratio Rv of the total volume of the reservoir 108 / electrode gap to a predetermined range. It has been found that the current can be limited.
- the total area of the opening 107 for each unit electrolysis cell is S
- the volume ratio between the reservoir 108 and the total volume of the electrode gap is Rv
- the total area S and the volume ratio Rv satisfy the following relationship. In some cases, it has been found that even after the electrolysis operation is stopped for about 30 hours or more, it can be suppressed within the range of the set current value + 2A.
- S is the total area (mm 2 ) of the opening
- Rv is the volume ratio of the total volume of the reservoir / electrode gap (real number from 0 to 1)
- the initial electrolysis current is The value after 3 seconds is used so that the influence of the inrush current can be ignored
- N is the concentration (mass%) of the diluted hydrochloric acid used.
- the initial electrolysis current (A) is reduced even after the same stop time, and the volume of the reservoir is set to the total volume of the electrode gap.
- the throughput may be reduced, and when the volume ratio of the storage portion is reduced, it cannot be reduced beyond a certain level depending on the configuration of the electrode stack 101. If the volume ratio of the reservoir is not limited, the allowable range between the productivity and the initial electrolysis current value is remarkably narrow, which causes a problem in the stability of the apparatus and the quality stability of the slightly acidic electrolyzed water.
- the total area S for each unit electrolytic cell of the opening 107 is set in the range of 2 mm 2 to 10 mm 2 from the point of satisfying three characteristics such as suppression of initial electrolysis current and control / quality stability at the same time. More preferably, the volume ratio and dilute hydrochloric acid concentration represented by the formula (1) are used.
- the aperture ratio of the porous material (the area of the aperture per unit area of the porous material) Ratio) can be about 2% to 15%, more preferably about 2% to about 10%.
- Example 1 In order to examine the behavior of the initial electrolysis current, the electrolysis apparatus shown in FIG. 3 was prepared, the volume ratio of the total volume of the reservoir and the electrode gap was fixed to about 8%, and the total per unit cell of the opening 107 was The initial electrolysis current was measured while changing the area.
- the constant voltage power source was PBF75-9 manufactured by Cosel, and the current measurement was performed by a measurement system using a precision resistor for current measurement manufactured by Cima Electronics.
- the electrolytic cell was composed of 4 cells.
- hydrochloric acid (Takasugi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. food additive grade) was used as the chlorine-containing compound, and the concentration was 6% by mass.
- the dilution water was tap water, the flow rate was 300 L / hr, and the set rated current was 3 A.
- the entire electrolytic cell is immersed in diluting water flowing in the diluting water passage gap formed between the electrolytic cell outer shell and the electrolytic cell made of hard vinyl chloride resin, and the outer surface of the outermost electrode of the electrolytic cell is always diluted. It was exposed to be cooled by water, allowed to cool and kept at room temperature (about 23 ° C.) during the electrolysis process.
- the electrode holding frame was changed to ⁇ 3mm, ⁇ 2mm, ⁇ 1.5mm, and ⁇ 1mm with different types and circular openings, and slightly acidic electrolyzed water was manufactured with a set current value of 3A and dilute hydrochloric acid concentration of 6%. After 30 hours The change of the initial electrolysis current was investigated.
- the initial electrolysis current is 30 hours after the electrolysis operation is stopped and before restarting. At the time of restarting, the current value 3 seconds after the start of electrolysis is used as the initial electrolysis current to avoid the effect of inrush current. did. The results are shown in Table 1.
- FIG. 7 corresponds to a range (region below the curve) in which the initial electrolytic current (A) can be appropriately limited in each experimental example.
- the region where S ⁇ 2 mm 2 is a region where the reservoir volume exceeds the total volume of the electrode gap.
- the total area S per unit cell of the opening 107 is set to a range of 2 mm 2 to 10 mm 2 from the viewpoint of simultaneously satisfying three characteristics such as suppression of initial electrolysis current and productivity / control / quality stability. It was shown that, if set, the ratio between the interelectrode volume and the reservoir volume can be set to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1) in a realistic range. (Experimental example 3)
- the electrolytic apparatus described in Experimental Example 1, Experimental Example 2 and FIG. 3 is used.
- the electrolytic cell has a plate electrode size of 50 mm ⁇ 200 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, and the surface acting as the anode is iridium oxide and acts as the cathode.
- the surface to be coated was covered with platinum.
- the distance between the flat electrodes was set to 2 mm, and the entire circumference of the flat electrodes was fitted and fixed in a groove having a thickness of 1 mm and a depth of 3 mm provided on an electrode holding frame made of hard vinyl chloride resin. It was composed of 4 cells, and the volume of each electrode gap space was 17 cm 3 .
- the reservoir was a cylindrical hole with a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 17 mm, and the volume was 0.12 cm 3 . At this time, the ratio of the volume of the reservoir to the total volume of the electrode gap was about 0.18%.
- the openings for communicating the reservoir and the unit electrolysis cell were circular and had a diameter of 1.5 mm, and two openings were installed at an interval of 1 mm for each cell. At this time, the total area of the opening was about 3.5 mm 2 .
- hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 6% by mass with 100 ppm of sodium carbonate (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. reagent grade) is supplied as a raw material, and slightly acidic electrolyzed water is produced under the conditions shown in Table 3 below. did.
- the raw water was introduced into the diluting water channel 111 of the electrolytic cell via the electromagnetic valve 320, the flow switch 321, the constant flow valve 322, and the check valve 323 installed on the diluting water channel 328.
- the dilute hydrochloric acid pump 325 sucked a necessary amount of dilute hydrochloric acid from the dilute hydrochloric acid tank 324 and supplied it to the electrode stack 101 through the storage section at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 100.
- a direct current from a direct current power source 331 was applied to the electrolytic cell 100, and the supplied diluted hydrochloric acid in the electrode stack 101 was electrolyzed.
- a current sensor 330 is installed on the power supply line from the DC power source to the electrolytic cell 100, and the current value is constantly monitored.
- the electrolytic solution produced by electrolysis in the electrolytic bath 100 was discharged from the opening 109 at the top of the electrolytic bath 100 to the dilution water flow path and mixed with the dilution water. Thereafter, the electrolytic solution mixed with the dilution water was discharged to the flow path 329 and passed through a static mixer 327 installed on the flow path to be uniformly mixed to generate slightly acidic electrolyzed water.
- each measured value is as follows: the current value is indicated by an ammeter, and the pH is measured by continuously collecting 5 L of generated water and measured by the glass electrode method (JIS-Z8802-84). The same material was measured using the yoso titration method (JIS-K0102.33.3). The obtained results are shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that all parameters of current value (A), effective chlorine concentration (ppm) and pH are controlled stably.
- FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 show changes in each parameter when restarting after stopping for a certain period of time. 9 shows a change in electrolysis current after the electrolysis was stopped from 1 hour to 48 hours, FIG. 10 shows a change in effective chlorine concentration, and FIG. 11 shows a change in pH.
- the electrolysis apparatus of the present invention provides an initial electrolysis current that is practically satisfactory even after a 48-hour pause, and stably produces slightly acidic electrolyzed water with good characteristics. It was shown that you can.
- a slightly acidic electrolyzed water containing an electrolysis product of a chlorine-containing composition is produced.
- electrolysis is restarted after the operation of the electrolytic cell is stopped, the initial electrolysis current is abnormal. It is possible to provide a method for producing electrolyzed water and slightly acidic electrolyzed water that can reduce the burden on equipment, environmental sanitation, and facilities, and enables stable continuous operation. Become.
- Electrolysis tank 101 Electrode stack 101a Flat plate electrode 103 Terminal electrode terminal rod 104 Supply pipe 105 Watertight seal 106 Seal element 107 Opening 108 Reserving part 109 Opening 110 Electrode holding frame 110a Electrode holding frame 110b Slot 111 Dilution water flow path 112 Inlet port 113 Outlet port 114 Pedestal 115 Container 116 Sealing element 118 Upper plate 120 Lower plate 300 Electrolyzer 311 Diluted water flow path 320 Solenoid valve 321 Flow switch 322 Constant flow valve 323 Check valve 324 Dilute hydrochloric acid tank 325 Dilute hydrochloric acid pump 327 Static mixer 328 Diluted water flow path 329 Flow path 330 Current sensor 331 DC power supply 332 controller
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Abstract
Description
塩素イオンを含む含塩素組成物を電解し、被電解液を希釈して次亜塩素酸を含む微酸性電解水を製造するための電解装置であって、
前記被電解液を希釈するため希釈水流路を提供する容器と、
前記容器の内部に配置され、複数の平板電極の間に規定される無隔膜の単位電解セルと、
前記単位電解セルを画成し、前記単位電解セルに対応する位置で含塩素組成物を供給するための開口と、前記開口に連通し、前記含塩素組成物を前記単位電解セルに供給する前に貯留するための貯留部とを備える電極保持枠とを備え、
また、本発明では、前記単位電解セルと、前記貯留部とを連通する前記開口の全面積Sが10mm2以下である、電解装置が提供される。
さらに貯留部容積の電極間隙の合計容積に対する比(Rv)が、0.1%~4%の範囲とされることが好ましい。また、前記単位電解セルあたり前記開口が少なくとも2以上配設することができる。さらに、本発明では、前記開口を多孔質材料の孔で規定することができる。
(1)上限電流値を超えた状態または下限電流値を下回った状態が所定の時間を超えて継続した場合。
(2)希釈水の供給が止まった場合や希釈水が設定しきい値を下回る低流量となった場合。
上述した(1)、(2)の条件が満たされた場合、制御装置332は、通電および希塩酸の供給を停止させ、装置および環境衛生上の不都合が発生しないようにする。
初期電解電流の挙動を検討するために、図3に示した電解装置を作成し、貯留部と電極間隙の合計容積の容積比を、約8%に固定し、開口107の単位セル毎の全面積を変えながら、初期電解電流を測定した。定電圧電源はコーセル社製PBF75-9、電流測定には、シーマ電子社製の、電流測定用精密抵抗を利用した測定システムを使用した。電解槽は4セルで構成した。なお、含塩素化合物としては塩酸(高杉製薬社製食品添加物グレード)を使用して、その濃度を6質量%とした。また、希釈水は、水道水を使用し、流量を300L/hrとし、設定定格電流を3Aとした。
(実験例2)
実験例1で使用した電解装置および電解条件を用い、貯留部108の容積を電極間隙の容積に対して、0.42%、0.83%、2.1%と変化させたことを除き、実験例1と同様の実験を行って、貯留部の容積と、電解槽の電極間隙の合計容積との比{(貯留部の容積/電極間隙の合計容積)}×100の関係を検討した。その実験条件および結果を表2に示す。
(実験例3)
実験例1、実験例2および図3で説明した電解装置を使用し、電解槽は、平板電極のサイズを50mm×200mm、厚さ1mmで、陽極として作用する面は酸化イリジウムで、陰極として作用する面は白金で被覆した。平板電極の間隔を、2mmとし、平板電極の全周を、硬質塩化ビニール樹脂製の電極保持枠に設けられた厚さ1mm、深さ3mmの溝に嵌入して固定した。4セルで構成し、各電極間隙空間の容積は17cm3であった。貯留部を、直径3mm、長さ17mmの円筒穴で容積を0.12cm3とした。このとき、貯留部の容積の電極間隙の合計容積に対する比は、約0.18%であった。
101 電極スタック
101a 平板電極
103 ターミナル電極端子棒
104 供給管
105 水密シール
106 シール要素
107 開口
108 貯留部
109 開口
110 電極保持枠
110a 電極保持枠
110b スロット
111 希釈水流路
112 インレットポート
113 アウトレットポート
114 台座
115 容器
116 シール要素
118 上部プレート
120 下部プレート
300 電解装置
311 希釈水流路
320 電磁弁
321 フロースイッチ
322 定流量弁
323 チェック弁
324 希塩酸タンク
325 希塩酸ポンプ
327 スタティックミキサー
328 希釈水流路
329 流路
330 電流センサー
331 直流電源
332 制御装置
Claims (10)
- 塩素イオンを含む含塩素組成物を電解し、被電解液を希釈して次亜塩素酸を含む微酸性電解水を製造するための電解装置であって、
前記被電解液を希釈するため希釈水流路を提供する容器と、
前記容器の内部に配置され、複数の平板電極の間に規定される無隔膜の単位電解セルと、
前記単位電解セルを画成し、前記単位電解セルに対応する位置で含塩素組成物を供給するための開口と、前記開口に連通し、前記含塩素組成物を前記単位電解セルに供給する前に貯留するための貯留部とを備える電極保持枠とを備え、
前記単位電解セルと、前記貯留部とを連通する前記開口の全面積Sが10mm2以下である、電解装置。 - さらに貯留部容積の電極間隙の合計容積に対する比が、0.1%~8%の範囲とされる、請求項1または2に記載の電解装置。
- 前記単位電解セルあたり前記開口が少なくとも2以上配設される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置。
- 前記開口が多孔質材料の孔で規定される、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置。
- 貯留部容積の電極間隙の合計容積に対する比が、0.1~4%以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置。
- 最も外側に配置される前記平板電極の両外側面は、前記希釈水により冷却される、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置。
- 前記含塩素組成物は、塩酸水溶液、アルカリ金属塩化物またはアルカリ土類金属塩化物およびこれらのいかなる混合物である含塩素組成物から選択される、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の電解装置に塩酸水溶液、含塩素組成物を供給し、複数の平板電極の間に規定される無隔膜の単位電解セルに電圧を印加することにより、前記含塩素組成物を電気分解して次亜塩素酸を含む被電解液を生成する、微酸性電解水の製造方法。
- 前記含塩素組成物は、塩酸水溶液、アルカリ金属塩化物またはアルカリ土類金属塩化物およびこれらのいかなる混合物である含塩素組成物から選択される、請求項9記載の微酸性電解水の製造方法。
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- 2010-06-14 EP EP10853166.6A patent/EP2570389B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-06-14 JP JP2011504069A patent/JP4712915B1/ja active Active
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104662205A (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-05-27 | 森永乳业株式会社 | 电解水制造装置、电解水的制造方法以及电解槽 |
EP2902532A4 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-05-25 | Morinaga Milk Industry Co Ltd | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING ELECTROLYSED WATER, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTROLYSED WATER AND ELECTROLYTIC BATH |
KR20160143850A (ko) * | 2014-05-01 | 2016-12-14 | 몰렉스 엘엘씨 | 산성 전기분해수 및 그것의 제조 방법, 산성 전기분해수를 함유하는 소독약 및 클렌저, 산성 전기분해수를 사용하는 소독 방법, 및 산성 전기분해수용 제조 장치 |
US20170042160A1 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2017-02-16 | Molex, Llc | Acidic electrolyzed water and manufacturing method therefor, disinfectant and cleanser containing acidic electrolyzed water, disinfecting method using acidic electrolyzed water, and manufacturing device for acidic electrolyzed water |
JP2016196672A (ja) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-11-24 | 株式会社微酸研 | 電解槽および次亜塩素酸水製造装置 |
JP2017039104A (ja) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-02-23 | シャープ株式会社 | 電解水生成器 |
JP2017056426A (ja) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社微酸研 | 微酸性次亜塩素酸水の生成方法 |
JP2017119282A (ja) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-06 | 株式会社微酸研 | 微酸性次亜塩素酸水の生成方法、複極式電解槽および生成装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130112571A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
CN103080019B (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
TWI418662B (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
CN103080019A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2570389A4 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2570389A1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
JPWO2011158279A1 (ja) | 2013-08-15 |
TW201144485A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
JP4712915B1 (ja) | 2011-06-29 |
EP2570389B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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