WO2011089989A1 - エンジン排気エネルギー回収装置、これを備える船舶およびこれを備える発電プラント - Google Patents
エンジン排気エネルギー回収装置、これを備える船舶およびこれを備える発電プラント Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011089989A1 WO2011089989A1 PCT/JP2011/050623 JP2011050623W WO2011089989A1 WO 2011089989 A1 WO2011089989 A1 WO 2011089989A1 JP 2011050623 W JP2011050623 W JP 2011050623W WO 2011089989 A1 WO2011089989 A1 WO 2011089989A1
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- Prior art keywords
- engine
- exhaust gas
- pressure
- exhaust
- target
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 210
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010397 one-hybrid screening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
- F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
- F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
- F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/024—Fluid pressure of lubricating oil or working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/34—Control of exhaust back pressure, e.g. for turbocharged engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine exhaust energy recovery device that recovers exhaust energy of exhaust gas discharged from an engine as power, a ship including the same, and a power plant including the same.
- a turbocharger and a power turbine are known as an exhaust energy recovery device that recovers exhaust energy contained in exhaust gas discharged from an engine as power (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the fuel consumption rate of the engine to a predetermined value or less with respect to various loads and rotational speeds of the engine.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an engine exhaust energy recovery device that can be effectively used, a ship including the same, and a power plant including the same.
- an engine exhaust energy recovery device a ship including the same, and a power plant including the same employ the following means. That is, according to the engine exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the turbine section driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and the turbine section is driven to pump outside air to the engine.
- a hybrid turbocharger having a compressor unit and a generator / motor unit that drives the turbine unit with the supplied electric power while generating electric power by driving the turbine unit, and is supplied to the hybrid turbocharger
- a bypass passage that bypasses the exhaust gas, an exhaust gas bypass control valve that is provided in the bypass passage and controls a flow rate of the exhaust gas that is guided to the hybrid turbocharger, and an engine that detects a load of the engine Load detection means; engine speed detection means for detecting the engine speed; and scavenging pressure of the engine
- a database for calculating a target scavenging pressure at which the fuel consumption rate of the engine is not more than a predetermined value from the load and the rotational speed detected by the engine load detecting means and the engine speed detecting means.
- the control device controls the exhaust gas bypass control valve so as to achieve the target scavenging pressure.
- ⁇ An exhaust gas bypass control valve is provided in the bypass flow path that bypasses the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger.
- the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve is reduced, the flow rate of the exhaust gas led to the hybrid supercharger increases. Therefore, the flow rate of the exhaust gas led to the turbine part of the hybrid supercharger increases. Since the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided to the turbine part increases, the rotational driving force of the turbine part increases. When the rotational driving force of the turbine section increases, the rotation speed of the compressor section increases and the pressure of the compressed air increases. In this way, the scavenging air that is compressed by the compressor unit is guided to the engine.
- the scavenging pressure of the engine is determined by the scavenging pressure supplied to the engine from the compressor unit of the hybrid supercharger.
- the fuel consumption rate of the engine is affected by the scavenging pressure, the exhaust valve closing timing, the cylinder pressure, the engine speed, the engine load, the fuel injection timing, and the like.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve is controlled by the control device.
- the control device calculates the target scavenging pressure using a database from the load detected by the engine load detecting means and the rotational speed detected by the engine rotational speed detecting means.
- the scavenging pressure introduced from the compressor unit of the hybrid turbocharger to the engine that is, the scavenging pressure can be controlled to the target scavenging pressure. Therefore, the exhaust gas bypass control valve can be controlled so that the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be suppressed to a predetermined value or less, and the operating cost of the engine can be reduced.
- the fuel consumption rate of the engine is affected by the combustion state of the fuel.
- the fuel combustion state varies depending on the engine speed, scavenging pressure, fuel properties, fuel ignition timing, fuel injection state, and the like.
- the scavenging pressure is controlled by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve. Therefore, the combustion state of the fuel in the engine can be improved.
- a hybrid supercharger that generates power using exhaust gas. Therefore, at the start of engine operation, the hybrid turbocharger can be driven by the electric power supplied to the generator / motor unit to supply air to the engine. Further, during engine operation, the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger can be changed by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve, the power generation amount in the hybrid supercharger can be controlled according to the required power amount.
- the exhaust gas whose flow rate is controlled by the exhaust gas bypass control valve is guided to the hybrid turbocharger. Further, the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass flow path and the hybrid supercharger is guided to the heat exchanger. Therefore, when the exhaust gas bypass control valve is opened so as to reduce the power generation amount in the hybrid turbocharger, a large amount of exhaust gas having a high temperature led from the bypass flow path is supplied to the heat exchanger. It will be. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve, it is possible to effectively recover the heat energy of the exhaust gas while controlling the power generation amount in the hybrid supercharger.
- the control device determines the fuel consumption rate of the engine from the load and the rotation speed detected by the engine load detection means and the engine rotation speed detection means.
- a map or an arithmetic expression for calculating a target fuel injection timing that is equal to or less than the value is provided, and the fuel injection timing is controlled using the map or the arithmetic expression.
- the control device calculates the target fuel injection timing from the load and the rotational speed using a map or an arithmetic expression, and controls the fuel injection timing. Therefore, the scavenging pressure can be controlled and the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder can be improved to improve the thermal efficiency. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve and the fuel injection timing, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be made closer to a predetermined value or less.
- the control device determines the fuel consumption rate of the engine from the load and the rotation speed detected by the engine load detection means and the engine rotation speed detection means.
- a map or an arithmetic expression for calculating a target exhaust valve closing timing that is less than or equal to a value is provided, and the exhaust valve closing timing is controlled using the map or the arithmetic expression.
- the cylinder pressure is determined by the scavenging pressure and the exhaust valve closing timing. Therefore, the control device of the first aspect controls the exhaust valve closing timing by calculating the target exhaust valve closing timing using a map or an arithmetic expression from the load and the rotational speed. Therefore, the pressure in the cylinder can be controlled, the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder can be improved, and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve and the exhaust valve closing timing, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be made closer to a predetermined value or less.
- the engine is a fuel that stores the hydraulic oil that is stored in the hydraulic oil pressure accumulator or the common rail fuel injection valve that stores the hydraulic oil that drives the fuel pump.
- a pressure accumulator, and the control device includes a target hydraulic oil pressure accumulation pressure at which a fuel consumption rate of the engine becomes a predetermined value or less from a load and a rotation speed detected by the engine load detection means and the engine rotation speed detection means, or A map or an arithmetic expression for calculating a target fuel accumulated pressure is provided, and the hydraulic oil accumulated pressure or the fuel accumulated pressure is controlled using the map or the arithmetic expression.
- the hydraulic oil pressure that drives the fuel pump or the fuel pressure that is supplied to the common rail fuel injection valve affects the fuel injection timing and fuel injection pressure. Therefore, the control device according to the first aspect calculates the target hydraulic oil pressure or the target fuel pressure using a map or an arithmetic expression from the load and the rotational speed. Further, the control device controls the hydraulic oil pressure or the fuel pressure. Thereby, the fuel injection timing and the fuel injection pressure can be controlled by controlling the hydraulic oil pressure or the fuel pressure. Therefore, it is possible to improve the thermal efficiency by improving the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder together with the control of the exhaust gas bypass control valve. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be made closer to a predetermined value or less.
- the control device is based on a signal from an exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detecting unit that detects an opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve.
- a target opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve at which the fuel consumption rate of the engine becomes a predetermined value or less is calculated, and feedback control is performed so that the exhaust gas bypass control valve becomes the target opening degree.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means sequentially detects the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve and performs feedback control. Therefore, it is possible to correct a deviation that occurs between the actual opening and the target opening detected by the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening detecting means due to deterioration over time. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be maintained below a predetermined value.
- the control device calculates the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the in-cylinder maximum pressure Pmax from the in-cylinder pressure detected by the in-cylinder pressure detecting means,
- the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO at which the fuel consumption rate of the engine becomes a predetermined value or less with respect to the detected load and rotation speed are calculated from a map or an arithmetic expression, and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax is calculated.
- the fuel injection timing and the exhaust valve closing timing are controlled so that the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO becomes the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO and the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp becomes the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO.
- One of the conditions for reducing the fuel consumption rate of the engine to a predetermined value or less is influenced by the state of fuel combustion.
- the fuel combustion status varies depending on the engine speed, scavenging pressure, fuel properties (cetane number, viscosity, mixing of impurities, etc.), etc.
- the combustion state of the fuel can be known from the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the maximum in-cylinder pressure Pmax obtained from the detected in-cylinder pressure. Therefore, the control device of the first aspect obtains the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO from a map or an arithmetic expression using the cylinder pressure detected by the cylinder pressure detection means. .
- control device controls the exhaust gas bypass control valve, the fuel injection timing, and the exhaust valve closing timing. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve, the fuel injection timing and the exhaust valve closing timing, the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the in-cylinder maximum pressure Pmax can be set to the target in-cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target in-cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO.
- the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder can be improved and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be reduced to a predetermined value or less even if the fuel properties change.
- the turbine section driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and the turbine section is driven to pump outside air to the engine.
- a hybrid turbocharger having a compressor unit and a generator / motor that drives the turbine unit with the supplied electric power while generating electric power by driving the turbine unit, and is supplied to the hybrid turbocharger
- Scavenging pressure detecting means cylinder pressure detecting means for detecting the cylinder pressure of the engine, fuel load of the engine from the load and speed detected from the engine load detecting means and the engine speed detecting means
- a control device having a database for calculating a target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and a target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO at which the rate is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and the control device adjusts the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO to the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO.
- the exhaust valve closing timing control is controlled to control the fuel injection timing so that the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO is obtained.
- the engine scavenging pressure may decrease due to a deviation between the target opening and the actual opening of the exhaust gas bypass control valve due to deterioration over time. Further, when the exhaust valve seat portion of the engine is worn, the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp is lowered, so that the engine performance is lowered. Therefore, in the second aspect, the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO are calculated from the load and the rotational speed. Further, the cylinder pressure is detected to control the exhaust valve closing timing control and the fuel injection timing. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust valve closing timing and the fuel injection timing, the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the maximum in-cylinder pressure Pmax can be set to the target in-cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target in-cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO. It is possible to improve the thermal efficiency by improving the combustion state of the fuel. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be reduced to a predetermined value or less even if the fuel properties change.
- the exhaust valve closing timing can be controlled to control the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO. Therefore, even if the exhaust gas bypass control valve becomes a control failure or the like, the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be made to be a predetermined value or less.
- a ship according to the third aspect of the present invention includes the engine exhaust energy recovery device according to any one of the above.
- An engine exhaust energy recovery device mounted on a ship can reduce the operating cost of the engine. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the operating cost of the ship. Moreover, it can be set as the ship which considered the environment.
- the power plant according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes the engine exhaust energy recovery device according to any one of the above.
- the engine exhaust energy recovery device installed in the power plant can reduce the operating cost of the engine. Therefore, the operation cost of the power plant can be reduced. Moreover, it can be set as the power plant considered in the environment.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve is controlled by the control device.
- the control device calculates the target scavenging pressure using a database from the load detected by the engine load detecting means and the rotational speed detected by the engine rotational speed detecting means.
- the scavenging pressure introduced from the compressor unit of the hybrid turbocharger to the engine that is, the scavenging pressure can be controlled to the target scavenging pressure. Therefore, the exhaust gas bypass control valve can be controlled so that the fuel consumption rate of the engine can be suppressed to a predetermined value or less, and the operating cost of the engine can be reduced.
- the fuel consumption rate of the engine is affected by the combustion state of the fuel.
- the fuel combustion state varies depending on the rotational speed, scavenging pressure, fuel properties, fuel ignition timing, fuel injection state, and the like.
- the scavenging pressure is controlled by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve. Therefore, the combustion state of the fuel in the engine can be improved. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine is improved by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve.
- a hybrid supercharger that generates power using exhaust gas. Therefore, at the start of engine operation, the hybrid turbocharger can be driven by the electric power supplied to the generator / motor unit to supply air to the engine. Further, during engine operation, the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger can be changed by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve, the power generation amount in the hybrid supercharger can be controlled according to the required power amount.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a ship equipped with an engine exhaust energy recovery device of the present invention.
- An engine exhaust energy recovery device 1 and a propulsion diesel engine (engine) 2 are provided in an engine room (not shown) of a ship (not shown).
- the engine exhaust energy recovery device 1 includes a hybrid supercharger 3, an exhaust gas economizer (heat exchanger) 9, and an air cooler 18.
- a propulsion diesel engine (hereinafter referred to as “engine”) 2 includes a diesel engine main body (hereinafter referred to as “engine main body”) 4, an exhaust manifold 7 in which exhaust gas is accumulated, and an air supply manifold 8 in which scavenging gas is accumulated. And.
- the propulsion diesel engine 2 is a low-speed large-sized marine two-cycle diesel engine.
- the engine 2 includes a cylinder 6 provided in the engine body 4, a fuel injection device (not shown) for injecting fuel into the cylinder 6, and combustion gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the cylinder 6 ( And an exhaust valve (not shown) for exhausting the exhaust gas from the cylinder 6.
- the engine 2 is described as a six-cylinder diesel engine in which the number of cylinders 6 is six.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- it is good also as a diesel engine for electric power generation instead of a diesel engine for propulsion.
- the hybrid supercharger 3 is coupled to the turbine unit 3a driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 7 provided in the engine body 4, and the turbine unit 3a and the turbine shaft 3c so as to be rotationally driven to remove outside air.
- a compressor unit 3b that compresses and supplies scavenging gas to the engine body 4 and a generator / motor 3d that generates electric power when the turbine shaft 3c is rotationally driven are provided.
- compressed air that is compressed by the compressor unit 3b and supplied to the engine body 4 is referred to as scavenging.
- the generator / motor 3d generates electricity when the turbine shaft 3c is rotationally driven.
- the electric power generated by the generator / motor 3d is converted into direct current through the converter 11 and then converted into alternating current by the inverter 12.
- the electric power converted into an alternating current by the inverter 12 is electrically connected to the switchboard 14 installed in the engine room via the control resistor 13. By being electrically connected to the switchboard 14, the power generated by the generator / motor 3 d is used as an onboard power source.
- the generator / motor 3d is driven as an electric motor when supplied with electric power.
- the generator / motor 3d is driven as a motor to rotationally drive the turbine shaft 3c. Since the turbine shaft 3c is rotationally driven, the compressor unit 3b provided on the turbine shaft 3c is also rotationally driven. Thereby, the compressor part 3b can compress external air and supply scavenging to the engine main body 4.
- the exhaust gas economizer 9 exchanges heat between the heat of exhaust gas guided from an exhaust pipe L3 described later and water supplied from a water supply pipe L5 described later.
- the exhaust gas economizer 9 passes the supplied water through a water pipe (not shown) provided in the exhaust gas economizer 9 and converts it into steam by the heat of the exhaust gas.
- the air cooler 18 is for cooling the scavenged air compressed by the compressor unit 3b of the hybrid supercharger 3 to increase the air density.
- the scavenged air cooled by the air cooler 18 is supplied to the engine body 4 through an air supply pipe K2 described later.
- the exhaust pipe L1 connects the exhaust manifold 7 of the engine 2 and the turbine portion 3a of the hybrid supercharger 3.
- the bypass pipe (bypass flow path) L2 is connected to the middle of the exhaust pipe L1 or directly to the exhaust manifold 7, and connects the exhaust pipe L1 or the exhaust manifold 7 to an exhaust pipe L3 described later.
- the bypass pipe L2 bypasses the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 7 from the hybrid supercharger 3.
- the exhaust pipe L3 connects the turbine section 3a of the hybrid supercharger 3 and the exhaust gas economizer 9.
- the exhaust pipe L3 passes the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine part 3a to the exhaust gas economizer 9.
- the exhaust pipe L4 connects between the exhaust gas economizer 9 and the chimney (not shown). The exhaust pipe L4 can discharge the exhaust gas after heat exchange in the exhaust gas economizer 9 to the outside of the ship.
- the air supply pipe K1 connects the compressor section 3b of the hybrid supercharger 3 and the air cooler 18.
- the air supply pipe K2 connects the air cooler 18 and the air supply manifold 8 of the engine 2.
- the air supply pipe K ⁇ b> 2 sends the scavenged air cooled by the air cooler 18 to the air supply manifold 8 of the engine body 4.
- the water supply pipe L5 supplies water to the exhaust gas economizer 9 from a main water supply pipe (not shown) in the ship.
- the steam generated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas economizer 9 is guided to a miscellaneous steam pipe (not shown) provided in the ship.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is interposed in the middle of the bypass pipe L2.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve V ⁇ b> 1 controls the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger 3. That is, when the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is in a fully closed state, the total flow rate of the exhaust gas guided from the exhaust pipe L1 is supplied to the hybrid supercharger 3. As the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 increases, the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided from the exhaust pipe L1 or the exhaust manifold 7 to the bypass pipe L2 increases. Therefore, the flow rate of the exhaust gas led to the hybrid supercharger 3 is controlled.
- the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is controlled by a control device (not shown).
- the orifice 19 is interposed on a bypass pipe L2 on the downstream side of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- the orifice 19 prevents a large amount of exhaust gas from being led to the bypass pipe L2 when the engine body 4 is in a high load operation and the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is fully open, thereby preventing the hybrid overload.
- the exhaust gas is supplied to the feeder 3.
- the orifice 19 has been described. However, the orifice 19 may not be provided.
- Exhaust gas is generated when the fuel supplied into the cylinder 6 provided in the engine body 4 burns.
- the exhaust gas generated in the cylinder 6 is discharged from the engine body 4 when the exhaust valve is open.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the engine body 4 is stored in the exhaust manifold 7.
- the exhaust gas stored in the exhaust manifold 7 is led out to the exhaust pipe L1.
- the exhaust gas led out to the exhaust pipe L1 is guided to the hybrid supercharger 3.
- the turbine section 3a is rotationally driven by the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger 3. Since the turbine part 3a is rotationally driven, the turbine shaft 3c is rotationally driven. When the turbine shaft 3c is rotationally driven, the compressor unit 3b compresses the outside air, and the generator / motor 3d generates power. The exhaust gas that rotationally drives the turbine section 3a in the hybrid supercharger 3 is led out to the exhaust pipe L3.
- the exhaust gas derived from the hybrid supercharger 3 and the exhaust gas guided from the bypass pipe L2 are guided to the exhaust gas economizer 9 via the exhaust pipe L3.
- the exhaust gas guided to the exhaust gas economizer 9 is led into the exhaust gas economizer 9.
- the exhaust gas supplied into the exhaust gas economizer 9 is heat-exchanged with the water passing through the water pipe provided in the exhaust gas economizer 9.
- the exhaust gas heat-exchanged in the exhaust gas economizer 9 is discharged from the chimney to the outside through the exhaust pipe L4.
- the scavenging air compressed by the compressor unit 3b of the hybrid supercharger 3 that is rotationally driven by the exhaust gas is led out to the air supply pipe K1.
- the scavenged gas led to the supply pipe K1 is guided to the air cooler 18.
- the scavenged gas guided to the air cooler 18 is cooled to increase the density and guided to the supply pipe K2.
- the scavenged gas guided to the air supply pipe K ⁇ b> 2 is supplied to the air supply manifold 8.
- the scavenging air in the supply manifold 8 is guided into the cylinder 6 in the engine body 4.
- the map of FIG. 2 shows the relationship among the fuel consumption rate with respect to the rotation speed and load of a certain engine body 4, the fuel injection timing, the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp, and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax.
- the database in the control device has a plurality of maps having the same relationship with respect to the rotation speed and load of the engine body 4.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 indicates the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp, and the rightward direction in FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the fuel injection timing, with the upward direction being a retarded angle and the downward direction being an advanced angle.
- the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp becomes large when the scavenging pressure is high. It is also known that the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp is increased by quickly closing the exhaust valve closing timing of the exhaust valve provided in the engine body 4. Therefore, the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 can obtain the same relationship even if the control factor is changed as the scavenging pressure or the exhaust valve closing timing instead of the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp.
- a plurality of curves having intervals in the figure are contour lines indicating the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4.
- the fuel consumption rate differs in the position of the curve and the shape of the curve depending on the rotational speed and load of the engine body 4.
- the contour lines in the figure indicate that the fuel consumption rate is good as it moves in the lower right direction (center direction of the curve) of the curve.
- a thick straight line in the figure indicates an upper limit value in the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax.
- the area on the right side of the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax upper limit is a range that cannot be used because it exceeds the allowable pressure of the engine body 4.
- the predetermined value P of the fuel consumption rate is an area on the left side of the maximum cylinder pressure Pmax upper limit value indicated by a thick straight line in the figure, and the maximum cylinder pressure Pmax upper limit value on the contour line (curve in the figure) of the fuel consumption rate It becomes a part close to a thick straight line indicating.
- the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 is controlled to be equal to or less than the predetermined value P by controlling the scavenging pressure, the exhaust valve closing timing, or the fuel injection timing.
- the scavenging pressure decreases. Along with this, the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp decreases. Therefore, the fuel injection timing can be advanced. Therefore, as the load on the engine body 4 is lower, the predetermined value P of the fuel consumption rate moves in the lower left direction along the upper limit value of the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax which is a thick straight line in the map of FIG. At that time, the center of the curve of the fuel consumption rate contour line also moves in the lower left direction along the upper limit value of the maximum cylinder pressure Pmax.
- the database is described as having a map, but an arithmetic expression may be used instead of the map.
- FIG. 3 is a control configuration diagram according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a control flowchart according to the present embodiment.
- the load signal of the engine body 4 detected by the engine load detection means 20, the rotation speed signal of the engine body 4 detected by the engine rotation speed detection means 21, and the scavenging pressure detection means 22
- the scavenging pressure signal detected by the above is input to the controller (control device) 23.
- the controller 23 outputs an exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal A to the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 according to each input signal.
- step S ⁇ b> 1 signals of the engine load L, the engine speed Ne, and the scavenging pressure Ps detected by the detection means 20, 21, 22 are input to the controller 23.
- step S2 the detected engine load L and engine speed Ne are collated with a database prepared in the controller 23.
- the controller 23 calculates an optimum scavenging pressure PsO (hereinafter referred to as “target optimum pressure”) based on a map in which the horizontal axis represents the scavenging pressure.
- step S3 a difference ⁇ Ps between the scavenging pressure Ps detected by the scavenging pressure detection means 22 and the target scavenging pressure PsO calculated in step S2 is obtained.
- the controller 23 determines an opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 based on the difference ⁇ Ps.
- step S4 a new exhaust gas of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is determined from the opening degree change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 determined in step S3 and the current opening command value A ′ of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- a gas bypass control valve control command signal A is determined.
- step S ⁇ b> 5 the controller 23 outputs a command to the exhaust gas bypass control valve V ⁇ b> 1 to be controlled by a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal A.
- step S1 the scavenging pressure Ps detected by the scavenging pressure detection means 22 deviates from the target scavenging pressure PsO, the scavenging pressure Ps is corrected. Thereby, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made equal to or less than the predetermined value P.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is controlled by the controller (control device) 23. Thereby, the flow volume of the exhaust gas led to the hybrid supercharger 3 can be controlled.
- the controller 23 uses a map of a database provided in the controller 23 from the engine load L detected by the engine load detecting means 20 and the engine speed Ne detected by the engine speed detecting means 21. Thus, the target scavenging pressure PsO is calculated.
- the scavenging pressure introduced from the compressor section 3b of the hybrid supercharger 3 to the engine body 4, that is, the scavenging pressure Ps can be controlled to the target scavenging pressure PsO. Therefore, the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 can be controlled so that the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be suppressed to a predetermined value P or less, and the operating cost of the engine 2 can be reduced.
- the scavenging pressure Ps is controlled by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1. Therefore, the fuel combustion state in the engine body 4 can be improved. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 is improved by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- a hybrid supercharger 3 that generates electric power using exhaust gas is provided. Therefore, at the start of engine 2 engine 2 operation, the hybrid supercharger 3 can be driven by the electric power supplied to the generator / motor unit 3 d to supply air to the engine body 4. Further, during the operation of the engine 2, the flow rate of the exhaust gas guided to the hybrid supercharger 3 can be changed by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1, the power generation amount in the hybrid supercharger 3 can be controlled according to the required power amount.
- the exhaust gas whose flow rate is controlled by the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is guided to the hybrid supercharger 3.
- the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass pipe (bypass flow path) L2 and the hybrid supercharger 3 is guided to the exhaust gas economizer (heat exchanger) 9. Therefore, when the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is opened so as to reduce the power generation amount in the hybrid turbocharger 3, a large amount of exhaust gas having a high temperature led from the bypass pipe L2 is supplied to the exhaust gas economizer 9. Will be. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1, it is possible to effectively recover the heat energy of the exhaust gas while controlling the power generation amount in the hybrid supercharger 3.
- the engine exhaust energy recovery device 1 mounted on the ship can reduce the operating cost of the engine 2. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the operating cost of the ship.
- FIG. 5 is a control configuration diagram according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a control flowchart according to the present embodiment.
- an exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree signal (hereinafter referred to as “opening signal”) B is input from the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means 26 to the controller 24.
- the controller 24 outputs the fuel injection timing signal ⁇ inj, the exhaust valve closing timing signal ⁇ evc, the hydraulic oil pressure signal, or the fuel pressure pressure signal.
- the hydraulic oil pressure signal is a fuel pump in an electronically controlled diesel engine (not shown) that controls a drive oil that operates a fuel pump (not shown) connected to the fuel injection device by an electric signal.
- the accumulated pressure of the drive oil for operating refers to the pressure accumulated in the fuel oil accumulated in the common rail in an electronically controlled diesel engine using a common rail fuel injection valve (not shown) connected to the fuel injection device.
- step S11 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 the controller (control device) 24 sends an opening degree signal B from the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means 26 and the engine detected by the detection means 20, 21, 22 respectively.
- the load L, engine speed Ne, and scavenging pressure Ps signals are input.
- step S12 the engine load L, the scavenging pressure Ps with respect to the engine speed Ne, the fuel injection timing, the exhaust valve closing timing, the hydraulic oil pressure or the fuel oil pressure are collated with a map showing the relationship. .
- the controller 24 calculates the target scavenging pressure PsO, the target fuel injection timing ⁇ inj, the target exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc, the target hydraulic oil accumulation pressure or the target fuel oil accumulation pressure (each parameter optimum value) from the collated map.
- the map prepared in the controller 24 is a coordinate formed by the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the fuel injection timing for each of the engine load L and the engine speed Ne as shown in FIG.
- the fuel consumption rate contour line and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax upper limit value are shown, and the fuel consumption rate can be set to a predetermined value P or less.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 may be one of the scavenging pressure, the exhaust valve closing timing, the hydraulic oil pressure, and the fuel pressure pressure instead of the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp.
- the target scavenging pressure PsO, the target fuel injection timing ⁇ inj, the target exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc, the target hydraulic oil pressure or the target fuel pressure can be calculated based on the map.
- step S13 a difference ⁇ Ps between the scavenging pressure Ps detected by the scavenging pressure detection means 22 and the target scavenging pressure PsO calculated in step S12 is obtained.
- the controller 24 determines the opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 based on the difference ⁇ Ps.
- step S14 a new exhaust gas of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is determined from the opening degree change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 determined in step S13 and the current opening command value A ′ of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- a gas bypass control valve control command signal A is determined.
- step S15 the controller 24 outputs a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal A to the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- step S16 an error between the newly detected opening signal B of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and the new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal A is calculated.
- step S17 If there is an error between the opening degree signal B and the new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal A, a correction amount is calculated based on the error in step S17, and the process returns to step S14 to control exhaust gas bypass control. The correction of the opening degree of the valve V1 is repeated.
- the process returns to step S11 and the control is repeated so that the scavenging pressure Ps maintains the target scavenging pressure PsO.
- step S18 signals of the target fuel injection timing ⁇ inj, the target exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc, the target hydraulic oil accumulated pressure or the target fuel oil accumulated pressure obtained from the map are transmitted to the engine controller 25.
- the engine controller 25 controls the engine body 4 (see FIG. 1).
- the controller (control device) 24 calculates the target fuel injection timing ⁇ inj using the map from the engine load L and the engine speed Ne, and controls the fuel injection timing. Therefore, the scavenging pressure Ps can be controlled to the target scavenging pressure PsO, and the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder 6 can be improved to improve the thermal efficiency. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and the fuel injection timing, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made closer to the predetermined value P or less.
- the controller 24 controls the exhaust valve closing timing by calculating the target exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc using the map from the engine load L and the engine speed Ne. Therefore, the pressure in the cylinder can be controlled, the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder 6 can be improved, and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and the exhaust valve closing timing, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made closer to the predetermined value P or less.
- the controller 24 calculates the target hydraulic oil pressure or the target fuel pressure using the map from the engine load L and the engine speed Ne. Further, the controller 24 controls the hydraulic oil pressure or the fuel pressure. Therefore, the fuel injection timing and the fuel injection pressure are controlled by controlling the hydraulic oil pressure or the fuel pressure, thereby improving the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder 6 together with the control of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1, thereby improving the thermal efficiency. Can be improved. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made closer to the predetermined value P or less.
- the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means 26 sequentially detects the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and performs feedback control. For this reason, an error due to deterioration over time between the opening signal (actual opening) B detected by the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening detection means 26 and the exhaust gas bypass control valve control command signal (command opening) A ( Deviation) can be corrected. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be maintained at a predetermined value P or less.
- FIG. 7 is a control configuration diagram according to the present embodiment
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are control flowcharts according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7, FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B the same configuration, exhaust gas flow, air flow, and control method as in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a control method different from the second embodiment is that a cylinder pressure signal from the cylinder pressure detection means 27 is input to the controller 28.
- the controller 28 includes an exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree signal B detected by the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means 26 and the respective detection means 20, 21.
- the engine load L the engine speed Ne, and the scavenging pressure Ps detected by.
- the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the maximum in-cylinder pressure Pmax which are pressures before the fuel is ignited, are calculated from the crank angle history with respect to the detected in-cylinder pressure Pcyl.
- step S23 the controller 28 collates the detected engine load L and engine speed Ne with a database prepared in the controller 28.
- the controller 28 calculates the target scavenging pressure PsO, the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO, and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO based on the map.
- step S24 a difference ⁇ Ps between the scavenging pressure Ps detected by the scavenging pressure detection means 22 and the target scavenging pressure PsO calculated in step S23 is obtained.
- the controller 28 determines an opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 based on the difference ⁇ Ps.
- step S25 the controller 28 calculates a new exhaust gas of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 from the opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 determined in step S24 and the current opening command value A ′.
- Bypass control valve control command A is determined.
- step S26 the controller 28 outputs a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A to the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- step S27 an error between the detected exhaust gas bypass control valve opening signal B of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A is calculated.
- step S28 it is determined whether there is an error between the detected exhaust gas bypass control valve opening signal B of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 and a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A. If there is an error, a correction amount is calculated based on the error in step S30, and the process returns to step S25 to repeat the correction of the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- step S28 when the detected opening signal B of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 becomes the same as the new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A, the process returns to step S21 via step S29, and the scavenging pressure Ps. The control is repeated so that becomes the target scavenging pressure PsO.
- step S31 the controller 28 changes the exhaust valve closing timing change amount based on the difference ⁇ Pcomp between the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp calculated in step S22 and the target in-cylinder compression pressure PcompO calculated in step S23. ⁇ evc is determined.
- step S32 in parallel with step S31, the fuel injection timing change amount ⁇ inj based on the difference ⁇ Pmax between the target maximum cylinder pressure PmaxO calculated in step S23 and the maximum cylinder pressure Pmax calculated in step S22. Decide.
- step S33 the controller 28 determines the exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc based on the change amount ⁇ evc of the exhaust valve closing timing determined in step S31.
- step S34 the controller 28 determines the fuel injection timing ⁇ inj based on the fuel injection timing change amount ⁇ inj determined in step S32.
- step S35 the controller 28 issues a command for the exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc determined in step S33 and the fuel injection timing ⁇ inj determined in step S34 to the engine controller 25.
- step S36 an error between the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO and the detected maximum cylinder pressure Pmax and an error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the detected cylinder compression pressure Pcomp are calculated.
- step S37 if there is an error between the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO and the detected cylinder maximum pressure Pmax, or between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the detected cylinder compression pressure Pcomp, the error is based on the error. To calculate the correction amount. The controller 28 repeats the control by feeding back the calculated correction amount to step S33 and step S34.
- the controller (control device) 28 determines the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO from the map using the cylinder pressure Pcyl detected by the cylinder pressure detector 27. Further, the controller 28 controls the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1, the fuel injection timing, and the exhaust valve closing timing. Therefore, by controlling the exhaust gas bypass control valve, the exhaust valve closing timing, and the fuel injection timing, the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax are set to the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO. Thus, the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder 6 can be improved and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Therefore, even if the fuel properties change, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be reduced to a predetermined value P or less.
- FIG. 7 is a control configuration diagram of the present embodiment, which is the same as that of the third embodiment.
- 9A and 9B show control flowcharts of the present embodiment.
- step S41 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B the controller 29 receives the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree signal B detected by the exhaust gas bypass control valve opening degree detection means 26 and the respective detection means 20, 21. , 22 and 27, the engine load L, the engine speed Ne, the scavenging pressure Ps, and the cylinder internal pressure Pcyl are input.
- step S42 the controller 29 calculates the in-cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the maximum in-cylinder pressure Pmax from the detected crank angle history of the in-cylinder pressure Pcyl.
- step S43 the detected engine load L and engine speed Ne are collated with a database prepared in the controller 29.
- the controller 29 calculates the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO based on the map in the database.
- step S44 the controller 29 calculates a difference ⁇ Pcomp between the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO.
- the controller 29 determines the opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 based on the difference ⁇ Pcomp.
- step S45 a new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A for the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is determined from the opening change amount ⁇ A of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 determined in step S44 and the current opening command value A ′. To decide.
- step S46 the new exhaust gas bypass control valve control command A determined in step S45 is output to the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1.
- step S47 an error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the detected cylinder compression pressure Pcomp is calculated.
- step S48 it is determined whether the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is zero. If the opening degree of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is A ⁇ 0, that is, if it is open, the process proceeds to step S49.
- step S49 the opening correction amount of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is calculated based on the error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the detected cylinder compression pressure Pcomp. Thereafter, the opening degree control of the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is performed by reflecting the result in step S45.
- step S50 the exhaust valve closing timing correction amount ⁇ evc is calculated based on the error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO calculated in step S47 and the detected cylinder compression pressure Pcomp. Then, it progresses to step S51 and the exhaust valve closing timing is determined.
- step S52 a difference ⁇ Pmax between the maximum in-cylinder pressure Pmax calculated in step S42 and the target maximum in-cylinder pressure PmaxO calculated in step S43 is calculated. Further, in step S52, the change amount ⁇ inj of the fuel injection timing is determined based on the calculated difference ⁇ Pmax. In step S53, the controller 29 determines the fuel injection timing based on the fuel injection timing change amount ⁇ inj determined in step S52.
- step S54 control commands for the exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc determined in step S51 and the fuel injection timing ⁇ inj determined in step S53 are issued to the engine controller 25.
- step S55 an error between the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax and an error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax are calculated. If there is an error between the maximum cylinder pressure Pmax and the target maximum cylinder pressure PmaxO, the process proceeds to step S56.
- step S56 a fuel injection timing correction amount is calculated based on the error between the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO calculated in step S55 and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S53, where a new fuel injection timing ⁇ inj is determined based on the fuel injection timing correction amount calculated in step S56, and a control command for the new fuel injection timing ⁇ inj is output to the engine controller 25.
- step S50 the exhaust valve closing timing correction amount ⁇ evc is calculated based on the error between the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S51, where a new exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc based on the exhaust valve closing timing correction amount ⁇ evc calculated in step S50 is determined, and a control command for the new exhaust valve closing timing ⁇ evc is output to the engine controller 25.
- the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO are calculated from the engine load L and the engine speed Ne.
- the cylinder pressure Pcyl is detected to control the exhaust valve closing timing and the fuel injection timing. Therefore, the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1, the exhaust valve closing timing, and the fuel injection timing are controlled so that the cylinder compression pressure Pcomp and the cylinder maximum pressure Pmax become the target cylinder compression pressure PcompO and the target cylinder maximum pressure PmaxO.
- the combustion state of the fuel in the cylinder 6 can be improved and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Therefore, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made to be equal to or less than the predetermined value P even if the fuel properties change.
- the exhaust valve closing timing is controlled by detecting the cylinder pressure Pcyl. Therefore, even when the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is in the fully closed state, the target valve compression pressure PcompO can be controlled by controlling the exhaust valve closing timing. Therefore, even when the exhaust gas bypass control valve V1 is in a control failure or the like, the fuel consumption rate of the engine body 4 can be made equal to or less than the predetermined value P.
- the engine exhaust energy recovery apparatus 1 concerning this embodiment was demonstrated as what is equipped with a ship, this invention is not limited to this, For example, as what is provided in the power plant installed on land Also good. In this case, the following effects are obtained.
- the engine exhaust energy recovery device 1 provided in the power plant can reduce the operating cost of the engine 2. Therefore, the operation cost of the power plant can be reduced. Moreover, it can be set as the power plant considered in the environment.
- the operation of the hybrid supercharger 3 is adjusted steplessly to increase the adjustment range of the power generation amount of the generator / motor 3d. be able to. Therefore, even if the power consumption in the ship changes greatly, the capacity of the control resistor 13 can be made small and downsized, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明の第1の態様に係るエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置によれば、エンジンから排出される排気ガスによって駆動されるタービン部と、該タービン部が駆動されることによって外気をエンジンに圧送するコンプレッサ部と、前記タービン部が駆動されることによって発電する一方で供給された電力によって前記タービン部を駆動する発電・電動機部と、を有するハイブリッド過給機と、該ハイブリッド過給機に供給される排気ガスを迂回させるバイパス流路と、該バイパス流路に設けられて、前記ハイブリッド過給機へ導かれる排気ガスの流量を制御する排気ガスバイパス制御弁と、前記エンジンの負荷を検出するエンジン負荷検出手段と、前記エンジンの回転数を検出するエンジン回転数検出手段と、前記エンジンの掃気圧力を検出する掃気圧力検出手段と、前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段によって検出される負荷および回転数から前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標掃気圧力を算出するデータベースを有する制御装置と、を備え、前記制御装置は、前記目標掃気圧力になるように前記排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御する。
また、エンジン運転中には、排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御することによってハイブリッド過給機に導かれる排気ガスの流量を変えることができる。したがって、排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御することによって必要な電力量に応じてハイブリッド過給機における発電量を制御することができる。
そこで、上記第1の態様の制御装置は、シリンダ内圧力検出手段によって検出されるシリンダ内圧力を用いて目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOをマップまたは演算式から求めることとした。また、制御装置は、排気ガスバイパス制御弁、燃料噴射タイミングおよび排気弁閉タイミングを制御することとした。そのため、排気ガスバイパス制御弁、燃料噴射タイミングおよび排気弁閉タイミングを制御することによってシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompおよびシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxを目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOにすることができ、かつ、シリンダ内の燃料の燃焼状態を改善して熱効率を向上させることができる。したがって、燃料の性状が変化してもエンジンの燃料消費率を所定値以下にすることができる。
また、エンジン運転中には、排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御することによってハイブリッド過給機に導かれる排気ガスの流量を変えることができる。したがって、排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御することによって必要な電力量に応じてハイブリッド過給機における発電量を制御することができる。
但し、この実施形態に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状、その相対配置などは特に特定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例にすぎない。
船舶(図示せず)の機関室(図示せず)内には、エンジン排気エネルギー回収装置1と、推進用ディーゼル機関(エンジン)2が設けられている。
エンジン排気エネルギー回収装置1は、ハイブリッド過給機3と、排気ガスエコノマイザ(熱交換器)9と、空気冷却器18とを有している。
なお、本実施形態では、エンジン2は、シリンダ6の数が6本配置された6気筒ディーゼル機関として説明するが、これに限定されるものではない。また、推進用ディーゼル機関ではなく、発電用ディーゼル機関としても良い。
なお、本実施形態では、コンプレッサ部3bによって圧縮されてエンジン本体4に供給される圧縮空気を掃気と称しているが、給気と称しても同じ意味である。
バイパス管(バイパス流路)L2は、排気管L1の途中もしくは排気マニホールド7に直接接続されており、排気管L1もしくは排気マニホールド7と後述する排気管L3とを連結している。バイパス管L2は、排気マニホールド7から排出された排気ガスをハイブリッド過給機3から迂回させる。
排気管L4は、排ガスエコノマイザ9と煙突(図示省略)との間を連結している。排気管L4により、排ガスエコノマイザ9において熱交換した後の排気ガスを船外に放出することができる。
給気管K2は、空気冷却器18と、エンジン2の給気マニホールド8とを連結している。給気管K2は、空気冷却器18によって冷却された掃気をエンジン本体4の給気マニホールド8へ送通する。
尚、排ガスエコノマイザ9において排気ガスと熱交換されて発生した蒸気は、船内に設けられている図示しない雑用蒸気管へと導かれる。
なお、本実施形態では、オリフィス19を設けることとして説明したが、オリフィス19を設けなくても良い。
エンジン本体4に設けられているシリンダ6内に供給された燃料が燃焼することによって、排気ガスが発生する。シリンダ内6に発生した排気ガスは、排気弁が開状態の際にエンジン本体4から排出される。エンジン本体4から排出された排気ガスは、排気マニホールド7に溜められる。排気マニホールド7に溜められた排気ガスは、排気管L1へと導出される。排気管L1に導出された排気ガスは、ハイブリッド過給機3へと導かれる。
排気ガスによって回転駆動されたハイブリッド過給機3のコンプレッサ部3bが圧縮した掃気は、給気管K1へと導出される。給気管K1に導出された掃気は、空気冷却器18へと導かれる。空気冷却器18に導かれた掃気は、冷却されて密度が高められて給気管K2へと導かれる。給気管K2に導かれた掃気は、給気マニホールド8へと供給される。給気マニホールド8内の掃気は、エンジン本体4内のシリンダ6内へと導かれる。
図2のマップは、あるエンジン本体4の回転数および負荷に対する燃料消費率と、燃料噴射タイミングと、シリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompと、シリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxとの関係を示している。制御装置内のデータベースは、エンジン本体4の回転数、負荷のそれぞれに対して同様の関係のマップを複数持つこととなる。
図2の横軸には、シリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompを示し、図2の右方向が大となる。縦軸には、燃料噴射タイミングを示し、上方が遅角になる方向、下方が進角になる方向を示している。
図中の太い直線は、シリンダ内最高圧力Pmax上限値を示している。シリンダ内最高圧力Pmax上限値の右側エリアは、エンジン本体4の許容圧力を超えるため使用できない範囲となっている。
エンジン本体4の燃料消費率は、掃気圧力、または、排気弁閉タイミング、または、燃料噴射タイミングを制御してこの所定値P以下になるようにする。
その際、燃料消費率の等高線の曲線の中心も太い直線のシリンダ内最高圧力Pmax上限値に沿って左下方向に移動する。
なお、本実施形態では、データベースにマップを備えるものとして説明したが、マップの代わりに演算式を用いても良い。
本発明による燃料消費率を所定値以下にする制御方法の第1実施形態を図3および図4に基づいて説明する。図3は、本実施形態に係る制御構成図であり、図4は、本実施形態に係る制御フローチャートである。
図3において、エンジン負荷検出手段20によって検知されたエンジン本体4(図1参照)の負荷信号と、エンジン回転数検出手段21によって検知されたエンジン本体4の回転数信号と、掃気圧力検出手段22によって検知された掃気圧力信号とが、コントローラ(制御装置)23に入力される。入力された各信号によって、コントローラ23は、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1に排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令信号Aを出力する。
ステップS2において、検出されたエンジン負荷Lおよびエンジン回転数Neをコントローラ23内に用意されているデータベースに照合する。図2において横軸に掃気圧力を示したマップに基づいて、コントローラ23は、最適掃気圧力PsO(以下「目標最適圧力」という。)を算出する。
ステップS5において、コントローラ23は、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1へ新しい排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令信号Aによって制御するように指令を出力する。
この動作を繰返すことにより掃気圧力検出手段22によって検出された掃気圧力Psが目標掃気圧力PsOからずれている場合には、掃気圧力Psを修正することとなる。これにより、エンジン本体4の燃料消費率が所定値P以下となるようにすることができる。
コントローラ(制御装置)23によって排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1を制御することとした。これにより、ハイブリッド過給機3に導かれる排気ガスの流量を制御することができる。また、コントローラ23は、エンジン負荷検出手段20によって検出されたエンジン負荷Lと、エンジン回転数検出手段21によって検出されたエンジン回転数Neとから、コントローラ23内に設けられているデータベースのマップを用いて目標掃気圧力PsOを算出することとした。これらにより、ハイブリッド過給機3のコンプレッサ部3bからエンジン本体4に導かれる掃気の圧力、すなわち、掃気圧力Psを目標掃気圧力PsOに制御することができる。したがって、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1を制御してエンジン本体4の燃料消費率を所定値P以下に抑えることができ、エンジン2の運転コストを低減することができる。
また、エンジン2運転中には、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1を制御することによってハイブリッド過給機3に導かれる排気ガスの流量を変えることができる。したがって、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1を制御することによって必要な電力量に応じてハイブリッド過給機3における発電量を制御することができる。
次に、本発明による燃料消費率を所定値以下にする制御方法の第2実施形態を図5および図6に基づいて説明する。なお、第1、第2実施形態は、シリンダ内圧力を計測せずに、掃気圧力検出手段により検出された掃気圧力に基づく制御をする場合である。また、後述する実施形態3、4は、シリンダ内圧力を測定して制御する場合である。
図5は、本実施形態に係る制御構成図であり、図6は、本実施形態に係る制御フローチャートである。
また、燃料油蓄圧圧力信号とは、燃料噴射装置に接続されているコモンレール式燃料噴射弁(図示せず)を用いる電子制御ディーゼル機関において、コモンレール内に蓄圧される燃料油の蓄圧圧力を言う。
ステップS16において、新しく検出された排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度信号Bと、新しい排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令信号Aとの誤差を算出する。
開度信号Bと、新しい排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令信号Aとが同じになった場合には、ステップS11に戻り、掃気圧力Psが目標掃気圧力PsOを維持するように制御が繰返される。
コントローラ(制御装置)24は、エンジン負荷Lおよびエンジン回転数Neからマップを用いて、目標燃料噴射タイミングθinjを算出して、燃料噴射タイミングを制御することとした。そのため、掃気圧力Psを目標掃気圧力PsOに制御すると共に、シリンダ6内の燃料の燃焼状態を改善して熱効率を向上させることができる。したがって、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1および燃料噴射タイミングを制御することによって、エンジン本体4の燃料消費率を更に所定値P以下に近づけることができる。
次に、本発明による燃料消費率を所定値以下にする制御方法の第3実施形態を図7、図8Aおよび図8Bに基づいて説明する。図7は、本実施形態に係る制御構成図であり、図8Aおよび図8Bは、本実施形態に係る制御フローチャートである。
図7、図8Aおよび図8Bにおいて、第2実施形態と同一構成、排気ガスの流れ、空気の流れ、制御方法については、同一符号を付す。第2実施形態と異なる制御方法は、シリンダ内圧力検出手段27によるシリンダ内圧力信号がコントローラ28に入力される点である。
ステップS22において、検出されたシリンダ内圧力Pcylに対するクランク角度履歴より、燃料が着火する前の圧力であるシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcomp、シリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxが算出される。
ステップS27において、検出された排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の排気ガスバイパス制御弁開度信号Bと、新たな排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令Aとの誤差を算出する。
ステップS28において、検出された排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度信号Bが新たな排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令Aと同じになった場合には、ステップS29を経てステップS21に戻り、掃気圧力Psが目標掃気圧力PsOになるように制御を繰返す。
ステップS32では、ステップS31と並行して、ステップS23において算出された目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOと、ステップS22において算出されたシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxとの差ΔPmaxに基づいて燃料噴射タイミングの変更量Δθinjを決める。
ステップS34において、コントローラ28は、ステップS32において決定された燃料噴射タイミングの変更量Δθinjに基づいて燃料噴射タイミングθinjを決定する。
ステップS36において、目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOと検出されたシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxとの誤差、および、目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOと検出されたシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompとの誤差を算出する。
コントローラ(制御装置)28は、シリンダ内圧力検出手段27によって検出されたシリンダ内圧力Pcylを用いて目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOをマップから求めることとした。また、コントローラ28は、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1、燃料噴射タイミングおよび排気弁閉タイミングを制御することとした。そのため、排気ガスバイパス制御弁と排気弁閉タイミングと燃料噴射タイミングとを制御することによってシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompおよびシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxを目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOにすることができ、シリンダ6内の燃料の燃焼状態を改善して熱効率を向上させることができる。したがって、燃料の性状が変化してもエンジン本体4の燃料消費率を所定値P以下にすることができる
次に、本発明による燃料消費率を所定値以下にする制御方法の第4実施形態を図7、図9Aおよび図9Bに基づいて説明する。図7は、本実施形態の制御構成図であり第3実施形態と同様である。図9Aおよび図9Bは、本実施形態の制御フローチャートを示す。
ステップS42において、コントローラ29は、検出されたシリンダ内圧力Pcylのクランク角度履歴より、シリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcomp、シリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxを算出する。
ステップS46において、ステップS45において決定された新しい排気ガスバイパス制御弁制御指令Aを排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1に出力する。
ステップS48では、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度が0であるかを判断する。排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度がA≠0、即ち開いている場合には、ステップS49に進む。
ステップS49では、目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOと、検出されたシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompとの誤差に基づいて排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度補正量が算出される。その後、その結果をステップS45に反映させて排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1の開度制御を実施する。
ステップS50では、ステップS47において算出された目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOと、検出されたシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompとの誤差に基づいて排気弁閉タイミングの補正量Δθevcを算出する。その後、ステップS51に進み、排気弁閉タイミングを決定する。
ステップS53において、コントローラ29は、ステップS52において決定された燃料噴射タイミングの変更量Δθinjに基づいて燃料噴射タイミングを決定する。
その後、ステップS53に進みステップS56において算出された燃料噴射タイミングの補正量に基づいた新たな燃料噴射タイミングθinjを決定し、エンジンコントローラ25へ新たな燃料噴射タイミングθinjの制御指令を出力する。
ステップS50では、シリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompと目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOとの間の誤差に基づいて排気弁閉タイミングの補正量Δθevcが算出される。
その後、ステップS51に進みステップS50において算出された排気弁閉タイミングの補正量Δθevcに基づく新たな排気弁閉タイミングθevcを決定し、エンジンコントローラ25へ新たな排気弁閉タイミングθevcの制御指令を出力する
エンジン負荷Lおよびエンジン回転数Neから目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOと目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOとを算出することとした。また、シリンダ内圧力Pcylを検出して排気弁閉タイミングと燃料噴射タイミングとを制御することとした。そのため、排気ガスバイパス制御弁V1と排気弁閉タイミングと燃料噴射タイミングとを制御してシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompおよびシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxを目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOにすることができ、シリンダ6内の燃料の燃焼状態を改善して熱効率を向上させることができる。したがって、燃料の性状が変化してもエンジン本体4の燃料消費率を所定値P以下にすることができる。
発電プラントに設けられるエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置1は、エンジン2の運転コストを抑えることができる。そのため、発電プラントの運用コストの削減を図ることができる。また、環境に考慮した発電プラントにすることができる。
2 舶用ディーゼル機関(エンジン)
3 ハイブリッド過給機
3a タービン部
3b コンプレッサ部
3d 発電・電動機部
L2 バイパス管(バイパス流路)
V1 排気ガスバイパス制御弁
Claims (10)
- エンジンから排出される排気ガスによって駆動されるタービン部と、該タービン部が駆動されることによって外気を前記エンジンに圧送するコンプレッサ部と、前記タービン部が駆動されることによって発電する一方で供給された電力によって前記タービン部を駆動する発電・電動機部と、を有するハイブリッド過給機と、
該ハイブリッド過給機に供給される排気ガスを迂回させるバイパス流路と、
該バイパス流路に設けられて、前記ハイブリッド過給機へ導かれる排気ガスの流量を制御する排気ガスバイパス制御弁と、
前記エンジンの負荷を検出するエンジン負荷検出手段と、
前記エンジンの回転数を検出するエンジン回転数検出手段と、
前記エンジンの掃気圧力を検出する掃気圧力検出手段と、
前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段によって検出される負荷および回転数から前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標掃気圧力を算出するデータベースを有する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記目標掃気圧力になるように前記排気ガスバイパス制御弁を制御するエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。 - 前記ハイブリッド過給機から導出される排気ガスと、前記バイパス流路から導出される排気ガスとが導かれて熱交換する熱交換器を備える請求項1に記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段によって検出される負荷および回転数から前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標燃料噴射タイミングを算出するマップまたは演算式を備え、前記マップまたは前記演算式を用いて前記燃料噴射タイミングを制御する請求項1または請求項2に記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段によって検出される負荷および回転数から前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標排気弁閉タイミングを算出するマップまたは演算式を備え、前記マップまたは前記演算式を用いて前記排気弁閉タイミングを制御する請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。
- 前記エンジンは、燃料ポンプを駆動する作動油が蓄えられる作動油蓄圧器またはコモンレール式燃料噴射弁に供給される燃料油が蓄えられる燃料蓄圧器を備え、
前記制御装置には、前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段によって検出される負荷および回転数から前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標作動油蓄圧圧力または目標燃料蓄圧圧力を算出するマップまたは演算式を備え、前記マップまたは前記演算式を用いて前記作動油蓄圧圧力または前記燃料蓄圧圧力を制御する請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記排気ガスバイパス制御弁の開度を検出する排気ガスバイパス制御弁開度検出手段からの信号に基づいて、前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる前記排気ガスバイパス制御弁の目標開度を算出し、前記排気ガスバイパス制御弁を前記目標開度になるようにフィードバック制御する請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。
- 前記制御装置は、シリンダ内圧力検出手段によって検出されるシリンダ内圧力からシリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompおよびシリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxを算出し、検出される負荷および回転数に対して前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOをマップまたは演算式から算出し、前記シリンダ内最高圧力Pmaxが前記目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOになるようにし、かつ、前記シリンダ内圧縮圧力Pcompが前記目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOになるように前記燃料噴射タイミングおよび前記排気弁閉タイミングを制御する請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。
- エンジンから排出される排気ガスによって駆動されるタービン部と、該タービン部が駆動されることによって外気を前記エンジンに圧送するコンプレッサ部と、前記タービン部が駆動されることによって発電する一方で供給された電力によって前記タービン部を駆動する発電・電動機と、を有するハイブリッド過給機と、
該ハイブリッド過給機に供給される排気ガスを迂回させるバイパス流路と、
該バイパス流路に設けられて、該ハイブリッド過給機に導かれる排気ガスの流量を制御する排気ガスバイパス制御弁と、
前記エンジンの負荷を検出するエンジン負荷検出手段と、
前記エンジンの回転数を検出するエンジン回転数検出手段と、
前記エンジンの掃気圧力を検出する掃気圧力検出手段と、
前記エンジンのシリンダ内圧力を検出するシリンダ内圧力検出手段と、
前記エンジン負荷検出手段および前記エンジン回転数検出手段から検出された負荷と回転数とから前記エンジンの燃料消費率が所定値以下となる目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOおよび目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOを算出するデータベースを有する制御装置と、を備え、
該制御装置は、前記目標シリンダ内圧縮圧力PcompOになるように前記排気弁閉タイミングを制御し、前記目標シリンダ内最高圧力PmaxOになるように前記燃料噴射タイミングを制御するエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置。 - 請求項1から請求項8のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置を備える船舶。
- 請求項1から請求項8のいずれかに記載のエンジン排気エネルギー回収装置を備える発電プラント。
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US13/389,687 US20120137676A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2011-01-17 | Engine-exhaust-gas energy recovery apparatus, ship equipped with the same, and power plant equipped with the same |
CN201180003074.5A CN102472161B (zh) | 2010-01-21 | 2011-01-17 | 发动机排气能回收装置、具备该装置的船舶及具备该装置的发电设备 |
EP11734595.9A EP2527615A4 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2011-01-17 | ENGINE EXHAUST GAS ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE, SHIP EQUIPPED WITH SAME, AND POWER GENERATION PLANT EQUIPPED WITH SAID ENGINE EXHAUST GAS ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE |
KR1020127001426A KR101383503B1 (ko) | 2010-01-21 | 2011-01-17 | 엔진 배기 에너지 회수 장치, 이것을 구비하는 선박 및 이것을 구비하는 발전 플랜트 |
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EP2527615A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
JP5448873B2 (ja) | 2014-03-19 |
US20120137676A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
KR101383503B1 (ko) | 2014-04-08 |
CN102472161B (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
JP2011149327A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
KR20120014944A (ko) | 2012-02-20 |
CN102472161A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
EP2527615A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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