WO2010064347A1 - 難燃性油圧作動油組成物 - Google Patents
難燃性油圧作動油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010064347A1 WO2010064347A1 PCT/JP2009/004519 JP2009004519W WO2010064347A1 WO 2010064347 A1 WO2010064347 A1 WO 2010064347A1 JP 2009004519 W JP2009004519 W JP 2009004519W WO 2010064347 A1 WO2010064347 A1 WO 2010064347A1
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- 0 *c(cc1)ccc1Nc1ccc(*)cc1 Chemical compound *c(cc1)ccc1Nc1ccc(*)cc1 0.000 description 2
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition, particularly high risk of fire occurrence, such as aluminum die-cast extrusion machine or steelworks premises work, optimal for use in high temperature and high pressure, and high pressure
- a flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition that is applicable to pumps, has long life, sludge suppression performance, wear resistance, and seizure resistance, and is particularly resistant to hydrolysis and can be used for a long period of time.
- a flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition that is applicable to pumps, has long life, sludge suppression performance, wear resistance, and seizure resistance, and is particularly resistant to hydrolysis and can be used for a long period of time.
- hydraulic fluids used in places where there is a high risk of fire such as aluminum die-cast extrusion processing machines or steelworks premises work, are made of flame retardant hydraulic fluids such as water glycols or fatty acid esters (liquids). )
- flame retardant hydraulic fluids such as water glycols or fatty acid esters (liquids).
- water glycol-based hydraulic oil has been mainly used in places where there is a restriction on the fourth petroleum of the Fire Service Act, but it has drawbacks in terms of the complexity of use liquid management and wear resistance.
- hydraulic oils based on fatty acid esters with a flash point of 250 ° C. or higher have been exempted from the Fire Service Act, and their uses have expanded.
- the performance of the fatty acid ester varies depending on the composition of the fatty acid constituting the ester, and the ester of a saturated fatty acid is superior in terms of oxidation stability.
- saturated fatty acids are expensive because they are produced by synthesizing from petroleum raw materials or hydrogenating unsaturated fatty acids obtained from animal and vegetable oils, and are not friendly to the global environment. Therefore, natural synthetic esters and fats and oils using fatty acids mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from animal and plant oils that are environmentally friendly and advantageous in terms of cost are also used (Patent Documents 1 to 4). 3).
- Synthetic esters and vegetable fats and oils contain impurity acids at the new oil stage, which trigger hydrolysis and oxidative degradation, so the use of acid scavengers that capture these acids greatly increases the degradation life. Extension is possible.
- acid scavenger carbodiimide compounds and epoxy compounds are known (for example, see Document 4).
- Natural synthetic ester hydraulic fluids using fatty acids mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from animal and vegetable oils that are environmentally friendly and cost-effective are inferior in hydrolytic stability, oxidation stability or wear resistance. Yes. For this reason, it is necessary to quickly capture and detoxify the acid that is generated in the initial stage, but if an acid scavenger is used alone, it will adversely affect the wear resistance. . Moreover, since the ester which consists of unsaturated fatty acid has bad oxidation stability, the combination of the additive from which the antioxidant effect outstanding from the past is acquired is required.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in synthetic esters or animal and vegetable oils and fats obtained from raw materials mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, it has sufficient antioxidant performance and wear resistance.
- synthetic esters or animal and vegetable oils and fats obtained from raw materials mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, it has sufficient antioxidant performance and wear resistance.
- As a result of diligent research aimed at providing a long-life, flame-retardant hydraulic fluid that is compatible with high-pressure and maintenance-free hydraulic systems, it is obtained from hydrocarbon oils, synthetic esters and / or oils, especially natural raw materials.
- the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by blending a specific acid scavenger and a specific phosphorus compound with a synthetic ester containing an unsaturated fatty acid as a main component, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention comprises (A) at least one base oil selected from hydrocarbon oils, synthetic esters and fats and oils, (B) an epoxy compound and / or a carbodiimide compound represented by the following general formula (1). 0.01 to 2% by mass in total on the basis, and (C) at least one type of antiwear agent selected from sulfur-containing phosphate ester, acidic phosphate ester, acidic phosphate ester amine salt and phosphite ester A flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition characterized by containing 0.001 to 5% by mass based on the total amount of substances.
- R 1 and R 2 represent an alkyl group having 4 to 26 carbon atoms, an (alkyl) phenyl group, an aralkyl group, or an (alkyl) cycloalkyl group, which may be the same or different. .
- the present invention also provides the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition as described above, wherein the carbodiimide compound represented by the general formula (1) is a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 3 to R 8 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- the present invention provides the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition as described above, which contains 0.01 to 5% by mass of an amine-based antioxidant and / or a phenol-based antioxidant based on the total amount of the composition. is there.
- a flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition excellent in oxidation resistance stability and wear resistance particularly in fatty acid ester oils mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids.
- a flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition having a failure stage of 10 or more in the FZG gear test it is possible to provide a flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition excellent in oxidation resistance stability and wear resistance, particularly in fatty acid ester oils mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids.
- the base oil used in the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention at least one selected from hydrocarbon oils, synthetic esters and fats and oils can be used as a base oil, specifically, polyol.
- examples include esters, diesters, various vegetable oils and fats, animal fats and the like.
- esters such as polyol esters, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil and the like having a high oleic acid ratio are preferable, and those having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 10 to 200 mm 2 / s are particularly preferable.
- the hydrocarbon oil used in the present invention includes mineral oil and synthetic hydrocarbon oil.
- specific examples include synthetic hydrocarbon oils such as naphthenic or paraffinic mineral oils, olefin polymers, naphthalene compounds, alkylbenzenes, or mixtures of two or more thereof.
- Mineral oils include solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent removal from lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation of paraffinic, intermediate or naphthenic crudes. Mention may be made of paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oils obtained by applying a suitable combination of one or more purification means such as dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid washing, and clay treatment.
- the highly refined mineral oils used in the present invention are the total number of paraffin carbons determined by a method (ndM ring analysis) based on ASTM D 3238-85, respectively. It means percentage, percentage of naphthene carbon number to total carbon number, and percentage of aromatic carbon number to total carbon number. Moreover, it is preferable that a non-aromatic unsaturated part (unsaturation degree) is 10% or less.
- the degree of unsaturation is more preferably 5% or less, further preferably 1% or less, and most preferably 0.1% or less.
- highly refined mineral oil include, for example, a distillate obtained by atmospheric distillation of paraffinic crude oil, intermediate crude oil or naphthenic crude oil, or distillation of residual oil of atmospheric distillation under reduced pressure. Examples include refined oil obtained by refining oil according to a conventional method, deep dewaxed oil obtained by further deep dewaxing after refining, and hydrotreated oil obtained by hydrotreatment. . In this case, the purification method is not particularly limited, and various methods are used.
- olefin polymer examples include those obtained by polymerizing olefins having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and those obtained by subjecting this to hydrogenation treatment. Specific examples include polybutene, polyisobutene, ⁇ having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, and the like. Olefin oligomers (poly ⁇ -olefins), ethylene-propylene copolymers, and those obtained by hydrogenating these are preferably used.
- the naphthalene compound is not particularly limited as long as it has a naphthalene skeleton, but a naphthalene compound represented by the following general formula (3) is preferable.
- R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group herein include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, and an aralkyl group.
- the total carbon number of R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 is preferably 1 to 10.
- a naphthalene compound not only a compound having a single structure but also a mixture of two or more compounds having different structures may be used.
- the manufacturing method of the said naphthalene compound is not restrict
- alkylbenzene can be used as long as the performance as a hydraulic fluid is not impaired.
- alkylbenzene having 1 to 4 alkyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and a total carbon number of the alkyl groups of 20 to 30 is more preferable.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, but a branched alkyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of stability, viscosity characteristics, etc., and propylene, Branched alkyl groups derived from olefin oligomers such as butene and isobutylene are more preferred.
- the alkylbenzene has 1 to 4 alkyl groups. From the viewpoints of stability and availability, alkylbenzene having 1 or 2 alkyl groups, that is, monoalkylbenzene, dialkylbenzene, or a mixture thereof may be used. Most preferably used.
- the alkylbenzene may be a mixture of two or more alkylbenzenes having different structures as well as a single structure.
- the manufacturing method of the said alkylbenzene is arbitrary and is not limited at all.
- Examples of synthetic esters include fatty acid esters, dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, complex esters, aromatic esters, carbonate esters, and mixtures thereof.
- Fatty acid esters include palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eleostearic acid, 8,11-icosadienoic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonane Saturated fatty acid having a linear or branched alkyl group having 5 to 19 carbon atoms such as acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and nonadecanoic acid And methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol,
- dibasic acid ester examples include dibasic acids having 5 to 10 carbon atoms such as glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid, and linear or branched alkyl groups described in the fatty acid ester. And esters of monohydric alcohols having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof are more preferably used. More specifically, for example, ditridecyl glutarate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, diester -2-ethylhexyl sebacate, and mixtures thereof.
- an ester of a diol or a polyol having 3 to 20 hydroxyl groups and a fatty acid having 1 to 24 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the diol include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,5 -Pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propane Diol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,11
- polyol examples include, for example, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, di- (trimethylolpropane), tri- (trimethylolpropane), pentaerythritol, di- (pentaerythritol), tri- (Pentaerythritol), glycerin, polyglycerin (glycerin 2-20 mer), 1,3,5-pentanetriol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerin condensate, polyhydric alcohols such as adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, mannitol, Xylose, arabinose, ribose, rhamnose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, cellobiose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, sucrose, raffino S
- polyols are superior in hydrolytic stability, so neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, di- (trimethylol propane), tri- (trimethylol propane), penta Hindered alcohols such as erythritol and di- (pentaerythritol) are preferred.
- Examples of the fatty acid of the polyol ester include unsaturated fatty acids described in the fatty acid esters, and saturated fatty acids having a linear or branched alkyl group having 5 to 19 carbon atoms, and particularly unsaturated fatty acids described in the fatty acid esters. Is preferably used. Or the neo acid etc. whose (alpha) carbon atom is quaternary are mentioned.
- Specific examples of branched saturated fatty acids include isopentanoic acid (3-methylbutanoic acid), 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- preferred polyol esters include valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, oleic acid, isopentanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, and 2-ethylhexanoic acid.
- a diester of one or more fatty acids selected from 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid and each polyol of neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane and pentaerythritol, Triesters and tetraesters are mentioned.
- the ester of two or more fatty acids and a polyol may be a mixture of two or more esters of one fatty acid and a polyol, or may be an ester of two or more mixed fatty acids and a polyol.
- neopentyl glycol trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, di- (trimethylol propane), tri- (trimethylol propane), penta
- esters of hindered alcohols such as erythritol, di- (pentaerythritol), tri- (pentaerythritol)
- esters of neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane and pentaerythritol are particularly preferred.
- the ester of trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol is most preferred because it is particularly excellent in hydrolysis stability. Specifically, trimethylolpropane oleate, pentaerythritol oleate and the like are preferably used.
- the polyol ester may be a partial ester in which some hydroxyl groups remain without esterification of all hydroxyl groups of the polyol, or may be a complete ester in which all hydroxyl groups are esterified, A mixture of a partial ester and a complete ester may be used, but a complete ester is preferred.
- the complex ester is an ester of a fatty acid and a dibasic acid, and a monohydric alcohol and a polyol.
- the fatty acid, the dibasic acid, the monohydric alcohol, and the polyol are described with respect to the dibasic acid ester and the polyol ester. The thing similar to what was illustrated in can be used.
- aromatic ester examples include esters of 1 to 6 valent, preferably 1 to 4 valent, more preferably 1 to 3 valent aromatic carboxylic acid and aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Is used.
- Specific examples of the monovalent to hexavalent aromatic carboxylic acid include benzoic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms include monohydric alcohols having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and linear or branched hexadecanol having a linear or branched alkyl group described in the fatty acid ester.
- Linear or branched heptadecanol linear or branched octadecanol, and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic esters include dibutyl phthalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dinonyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, didodecyl phthalate, ditridecyl phthalate, tributyl trimellitic acid, trimethyl trimellitic acid ( 2-ethylhexyl), trinonyl trimellitic acid, tridecyl trimellitic acid, tridodecyl trimellitic acid, tritridecyl trimellitic acid, and the like.
- a divalent or higher valent aromatic carboxylic acid it may be a simple ester composed of one kind of aliphatic alcohol or a complex ester composed of two or more kinds of aliphatic alcohol. May be.
- the carbonate ester is a compound having a carbonate ester structure in the molecule.
- One carbonate ester structure or a plurality of carbonate ester structures may be included in one molecule.
- alcohol which comprises carbonate ester the above-mentioned aliphatic alcohol, polyol, etc. can be used, and what added polyglycol to polyglycol and polyol can also be used. Moreover, you may use what used carbonic acid and a fatty acid, and / or a dibasic acid.
- the ester referred to in the present invention may be a single ester having a single structure or a mixture of two or more esters having different structures.
- these ester base oils a polyol ester is preferable because of excellent hydrolysis stability.
- one of the ester base oils may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- oils used as the base oil of the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention include natural animal and vegetable oils and fats, such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, and cottonseed oil. Olive oil, rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, peanut oil, tall oil, beef tallow, lard, or hydrogenated products thereof.
- oils and fats hyoleic acid type fats and oils having a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic acid, among fatty acids constituting the ester are preferable, and hyoleinized vegetable oil having a higher proportion of oleic acid is more preferable.
- one kind selected from the group consisting of the above-described mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon, synthetic ester and oil and fat may be used alone, or a combination of two or more kinds may be used. May be used.
- the constituent fatty acid may be a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, a linear fatty acid, or a branched fatty acid, and is represented by the formula (1) of the component (B).
- an acid scavenger of a carbodiimide compound or an epoxy compound it is preferable to contain an unsaturated fatty acid.
- the ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid to the fatty acid constituting the ester is 30 mol% or more, preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more.
- the kinematic viscosities of these base oils are not particularly limited and are arbitrary, but are usually 40 from the viewpoints of excellent flame retardancy, wear resistance, seizure resistance, and low friction loss due to stirring resistance.
- the kinematic viscosity at 0 ° C. is preferably 10 to 200 mm 2 / s, more preferably 15 to 150 mm 2 / s, and still more preferably 20 to 100 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index is arbitrary, but from the viewpoint of maintaining an oil film at a high temperature, the viscosity index is usually preferably from 80 to 500, more preferably from 100 to 300.
- the pour point is also arbitrary, but is preferably ⁇ 5 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 15 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of pump startability in winter.
- R 1 and R 2 of the carbodiimide compound represented by the following general formula (1) which is the component (B) in the flame retardant hydraulic oil composition of the present invention, are an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, an aralkyl group, a cyclo A paraffin group or an alkylcycloparaffin group, each of which may be the same or different;
- the alkyl group is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 26 carbon atoms, more preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as a butyl group or a pentyl group. Hexyl group, octyl group and the like.
- R 1 and R 2 are alkylphenyl groups
- examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include diphenylcarbodiimide or dialkylphenylcarbodiimide represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Examples of the cycloparaffin group and the alkylcycloparaffin group include those in which the phenyl group is replaced with a cyclohexyl group in the dialkylphenylcarbodiimide.
- R 1 and R 2 are an alkylphenyl group, particularly an ethyl group or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms because a better acid scavenging effect can be obtained.
- Preferred are phenyl groups with, for example, diisopropylphenyl group and ditertiarybutylphenyl group, and specific examples include bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) carbodiimide.
- R 1 and R 2 each preferably have 4 to 26 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 or R 2 has 3 or less carbon atoms, the reactivity becomes high and unstable, which is not preferable, and when it is 27 or more, the proportion of functional groups in the molecule decreases, which adversely affects the acid supplementation effect. There is a risk of giving.
- alkyl oxirane compounds alkyl oxirane compounds, allyl oxirane compounds, phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, alkyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds, epoxidized fatty acid monoesters and At least one epoxy compound selected from epoxidized vegetable oils can be used.
- the alkyl group of the alkyloxirane compound is a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is 3 or less, it tends to evaporate and lacks stability.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is 21 or more, the low temperature performance and solubility, particularly the solubility after acid capture, are poor.
- alkyloxirane compound examples include 1,2-epoxybutane, 1,2-epoxypentane, 1,2-epoxyhexane, 1,2-epoxyheptane, 1,2-epoxyoctane, 1,2- Epoxy nonane, 1,2-epoxydecane, 1,2-epoxyundecane, 1,2-epoxydodecane, 1,2-epoxytridecane, 1,2-epoxytetradecane, 1,2-epoxypentadecane, 1,2- Examples thereof include epoxyhexadecane, 1,2-epoxyheptadecane, 1,1,2-epoxyoctadecane, 2-epoxynonadecane, and 1,2-epoxyicosane.
- allyloxirane compound examples include 1,2-epoxystyrene and alkyl-1,2-epoxystyrene.
- phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compound examples include phenyl glycidyl ether and alkylphenyl glycidyl ether.
- alkylphenyl glycidyl ether examples include those having 1 to 3 alkyl groups having 1 to 13 carbon atoms, and those having one alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as n-butylphenyl glycidyl.
- Ether i-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, sec-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, pentylphenyl glycidyl ether, hexylphenyl glycidyl ether, heptylphenyl glycidyl ether, octylphenyl glycidyl ether, nonylphenyl glycidyl ether, decylphenyl A glycidyl ether etc. can be illustrated as a preferable thing.
- alkyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compound examples include decyl glycidyl ether, undecyl glycidyl ether, dodecyl glycidyl ether, tridecyl glycidyl ether, tetradecyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, Examples thereof include trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, polyalkylene glycol monoglycidyl ether, and polyalkylene glycol diglycidyl ether.
- glycidyl ester type epoxy compound examples include phenyl glycidyl ester, alkyl glycidyl ester, alkenyl glycidyl ester and the like, and preferred are glycidyl-2,2-dimethyloctanoate, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acrylate. And glycidyl methacrylate.
- alicyclic epoxy compound examples include 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, 1,2-epoxycyclopentane, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, bis (3,4 -Epoxycyclohexylmethyl) adipate, exo-2,3-epoxynorbornane, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, 2- (7-oxabicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3- Yl) -spiro (1,3-dioxane-5,3 ′-[7] oxabicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 4- (1′-methylepoxyethyl) -1,2-epoxy-2-methyl Examples include cyclohexane and 4-epoxyethyl-1,2-epoxycyclohexane.
- epoxidized fatty acid monoester examples include esters of an epoxidized fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms with an alcohol or phenol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkylphenol.
- esters of an epoxidized fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms with an alcohol or phenol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkylphenol are preferably used.
- butyl, hexyl, benzyl, cyclohexyl, methoxyethyl, octyl, phenyl and butylphenyl esters of epoxy stearate are preferably used.
- epoxidized vegetable oil examples include epoxy compounds of vegetable oils such as soybean oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil.
- alkyl oxirane compounds preferred are alkyl oxirane compounds, phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds and epoxidized fatty acid monoesters.
- alkyl oxirane compounds, phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds and glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds are more preferred, and 1,2-epoxytetradecane, phenyl glycidyl ether, butylphenyl glycidyl ether, alkyl glycidyl esters or mixtures thereof are particularly preferred.
- the upper limit of the content of the component (B) in the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention is 2% by mass, preferably 1.5% by mass, more preferably 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. %.
- the content exceeds 2% by mass the solubility after acid trapping is inferior, causing sludge generation, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of component (B) is 0.01% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition.
- the content of the component (B) is less than 0.01% by mass, the acid scavenging effect is insufficient, which is not preferable.
- the flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention has at least one selected from the group consisting of a sulfur-containing phosphate ester, an acidic phosphate ester, an acidic phosphate amine salt, and a phosphite ester as the component (C). Contains various types of antiwear agents.
- sulfur-containing phosphate ester examples include trialkyl phosphorothioate, trioleyl phosphorothioate, triphenyl phosphorothioate, tricresyl phosphorothioate having an alkyl group of 4 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Trixylenyl phosphorothioate cresyl diphenyl phosphorothioate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphorothioate, tris (n-propylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (isopropylphenyl) phosphorothioate, tris (N-butylphenyl) phosphothionate, tris (isobutylphenyl) phosphothionate, tris (s-butylphenyl) phosphothionate, tris (t-butylphenyl) phosphothionate, etc. It is.
- acidic phosphate esters include alkyl acid phosphates and dioleyl acid phosphates having an alkyl group of 4 to 22 carbon atoms, diphenyl acid phosphates and dicresyl ester acid phosphates which are aromatic acid phosphate esters. Fate etc. are mentioned. Of these, dialkyl acid phosphates that do not contain aromatics and have an alkyl group with 4 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred, and dialkyl acid phosphates with an alkyl group with 6 to 18 carbon atoms are more preferred.
- the acid phosphate ester amine salt includes the acid phosphate ester, an amine having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an amine having two alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include salts with amines selected from amines having 3 alkyl groups of 1-8.
- phosphite ester examples include dialkyl phosphites, dioleyl phosphites, diphenyl phosphites, dicresyl phosphites having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and alkyl groups having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. And trialkyl phosphites, trioleyl phosphites, triphenyl phosphites, and tricresyl phosphites.
- sulfur-containing phosphate esters, acidic phosphate esters, and acidic phosphate ester amine salts are preferably used because of their high effects in synthetic esters and fats and oils.
- the upper limit of the content of the component (C) in the flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention is 5% by mass, preferably 2% by mass, more preferably 1.5% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. is there. When the content exceeds 5% by mass, the thermal stability is inferior and sludge is generated, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of the component (C) is 0.001% by mass, preferably 0.005% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. When the content of the component (C) is less than 0.001% by mass, the wear resistance and seizure resistance are insufficient, which is not preferable.
- the flame retardant hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention preferably further contains an amine-based antioxidant and / or a phenol-based antioxidant.
- an antioxidant in combination, higher antioxidant properties and sludge suppression properties can be added.
- the antioxidant any amine compound or phenol used as an antioxidant for lubricating oil can be used, and it is not particularly limited.
- Representative amine antioxidants include phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamines represented by the following formula (4) or p, p'-dialkylated diphenylamine represented by the following formula (5).
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
- R 14 and R 15 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
- R 13 is a branched alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms. Further, a branched alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms derived from an oligomer of an olefin having 3 or 4 carbon atoms is more preferable. Specific examples of the olefin having 3 or 4 carbon atoms include propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene and isobutylene, but propylene or isobutylene is preferable in order to obtain a more excellent sludge formation suppressing effect.
- R 13 represents a branched octyl group derived from an isobutylene dimer, a branched nonyl group derived from a propylene trimer, and an isobutylene trimer.
- a branched dodecyl group derived from a propylene tetramer, a branched dodecyl group derived from a propylene tetramer, or a branched pentadecyl group derived from a propylene pentamer is more preferred, and a branch derived from a dimer of isobutylene.
- a branched dodecyl group derived from a branched octyl group, a trimer of isobutylene or a branched dodecyl group derived from a tetramer of propylene is more preferred, and a branched dodecyl group is most preferred.
- R 14 and R 15 of p, p′-dialkyldiphenylamine represented by the general formula (5) are each independently a branched alkyl group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms in order to obtain a more excellent sludge generation inhibiting effect. Further, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms derived from an olefin having 3 or 4 carbon atoms or an oligomer thereof is more preferable. Specific examples of the olefin having 3 or 4 carbon atoms include propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, and isobutylene, but propylene or isobutylene is preferable in order to obtain a more excellent sludge generation suppressing effect.
- R 14 or R 15 is most preferably a tert-butyl group derived from isobutylene or a branched octyl group derived from a dimer of isobutylene in order to obtain a better antioxidant effect.
- the synthesized product is a halogenated alkyl compound having 1 to 16 carbon atoms and diphenylamine, or an olefin having 2 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkyl having 2 to 16 carbon atoms.
- a Friedel-Crafts catalyst any synthesis method may be used.
- the upper limit of the content of the amine-based antioxidant is preferably 2% by mass based on the total amount of the composition, more preferably 1.5% by mass, and even more preferably 1% by mass. If the content exceeds 2% by mass, sludge is generated, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of the amine antioxidant is preferably 0.001% by mass, more preferably 0.05% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. When the content of the antioxidant is less than 0.001% by mass, the antioxidant effect is insufficient, which is not preferable.
- any alkylphenolic compound used as an antioxidant for lubricating oils can be used, and is not particularly limited.
- the following general formula (6) or general formula One or more alkylphenol compounds selected from the compounds represented by (7) are preferred.
- R 16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 18 represents a hydrogen atom, and has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- An alkyl group, a group represented by the following general formula (i) or a group represented by the following general formula (ii) is shown.
- R 19 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 20 represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 21 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 22 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- N represents an integer of 0 or 1.
- R 24 and R 28 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 25 and R 29 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 26 and R 27 each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- Y represents an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a group represented by the following general formula (iii): Show. -R 30 -S-R 31 - ( iii) In the above formula (iii), R 30 and R 31 each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Of these, a tert-butyl group is preferred because it is more excellent in sludge resistance.
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Among these, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a tert-butyl group is preferable because it is more excellent in sludge resistance.
- R 18 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a group represented by the above formula (i), or a group represented by the above formula (ii).
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R 18 is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group from the viewpoint of superior sludge resistance.
- the compound represented by the general formula (6) includes various compounds as described above. Preferred examples of these compounds include compounds in which R 18 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, etc .; as a compound when R 18 is a group represented by formula (i) N-hexyl (3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) acetate, isohexyl (3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, (3,5-di-tert -Butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid n-heptyl, (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid 2-ethylhexyl, (3,5-di-tert) Butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isododecyl prop
- Y represents an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a group represented by the above formula (iii).
- the alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms represented by Y may be linear or branched.
- An alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable from the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials, and includes an ethylene group (dimethylene group), a trimethylene group, a linear butylene group (tetramethylene group), a linear pentylene group (pentamethylene group),
- a straight-chain alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as a straight-chain hexylene group (hexamethylene group) is particularly preferred.
- the upper limit of the content of the phenolic antioxidant is preferably 5% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, and even more preferably 1.5% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. When the content exceeds 5% by mass, sludge is generated, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of the phenolic antioxidant is preferably 0.01% by mass, more preferably 0.05% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. When the content of the antioxidant is less than 0.01% by mass, the antioxidant effect is insufficient, which is not preferable.
- At least one base oil selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon oils, synthetic esters and fats and oils, (B) component, (C) component, and further an amine-based antioxidant and / or
- a phenolic antioxidant By adding a phenolic antioxidant, a flame-retardant hydraulic fluid with excellent antioxidant performance and wear resistance can be obtained.
- other antioxidants are added as necessary. Agent, rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, antiwear agent, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant, antifoaming agent, anti-emulsifier, stick-slip inhibitor, oily agent, etc. Or in combination of several kinds.
- rust inhibitors include amino acid derivatives, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols; esters such as lanolin fatty acid esters, alkyl succinic acid esters, and alkenyl succinic acid esters; sarcosine; polyhydric alcohol moieties such as sorbitan fatty acid esters.
- amino acid derivatives are preferred because of their high rust prevention effect.
- A is a group represented by the formula (9) or the formula (10), and B is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or the residue of the monovalent carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula (11).
- R 32 is an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and R 33 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 35 O—CO—R 34 — (9)
- R 37 O—CO—R 36 —CO— (10) -C-CO-O-R 38 (11)
- R 34 is an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 36 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 35 and R 37 are each a hydrogen atom or (It is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 38 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 32 is an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 33 and R 38 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 37 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- one or two or more compounds arbitrarily selected from these rust inhibitors can be contained in the hydraulic fluid composition in any amount, but usually the content is
- the total amount of the hydraulic fluid composition is preferably 0.001 to 2.0% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1.5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.05 to 1% by mass.
- the metal deactivator examples include benzotriazole, thiadiazole, and imidazole compounds.
- one kind or two or more kinds of compounds arbitrarily selected from these metal deactivators can be contained in any amount, but the content thereof is usually hydraulic oil.
- the content is desirably 0.001 to 1% by mass based on the total amount of the composition.
- the viscosity index improver include a copolymer of one or more monomers selected from various methacrylic esters or a hydride thereof, an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (as an ⁇ -olefin).
- Non-dispersed viscosity index improvers such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, etc.) or hydrides thereof, polyisobutylene or hydrogenated products thereof, hydrides of styrene-diene copolymers, and polyalkylstyrenes Etc. can be illustrated.
- one or two or more compounds arbitrarily selected from these viscosity index improvers can be contained in any amount, but the content is usually determined by the hydraulic fluid composition. It is desirable that the content is 0.01 to 10% by mass based on the total amount of the product.
- the pour point depressant include copolymers of one or more monomers selected from various acrylic esters and methacrylic esters or hydrogenated products thereof.
- one or two or more compounds arbitrarily selected from these pour point depressants can be contained in any amount, but the content is usually determined by the hydraulic fluid composition. It is desirable that the content is 0.01 to 5% by mass based on the total amount of the product.
- the antifoaming agent examples include silicones such as dimethyl silicone and fluorosilicone.
- one kind or two or more kinds of compounds arbitrarily selected from these antifoaming agents can be contained in any amount, but the content thereof is usually a hydraulic fluid composition. It is desirable that the content is 0.001 to 0.05% by mass based on the total amount.
- the demulsifier examples include polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkylamide, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester and the like.
- Specific examples of the stick-slip preventing agent include polyhydric alcohol esters (complete esters and partial esters).
- Specific examples of the oily agent include fatty acids, esters, alcohols and the like. Usually, the content is desirably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass based on the total amount of the hydraulic fluid composition.
- A1 Trioleic propane oleate (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 47.2 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 190)
- A2 High oleic acid-containing rapeseed oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 35 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 190, ratio of oleic acid to all fatty acids constituting the ester, 75 mol%, unsaturated fatty acid ratio to all fatty acids constituting the ester 90 mol%)
- A3 Poly ⁇ -olefin oligomer (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 44.5 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 145)
- B1 Bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) carbodiimide represented by the following formula (R 3 and R 8 are hydrogen, and R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are tert-butyl groups.)
- B2 1,2-epoxytetradecane
- D1 Np-isododecylphenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine
- D2 p, p′-dioctyldiphenylamine
- D3 Bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methane
- E1 Amino acid derivative compound represented by the following formula. (Here, R 1 represents an octyl group, R 2 represents a butyl group, and R 3 represents a butylene group.)
- E2 Sorbitan monooleate
- the prepared hydraulic fluid composition was subjected to a flash point, an RPVOT test, a four-ball test, an FZG gear test, a V104C vane pump test, a rust prevention test, and the like.
- the results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- each property, a test, etc. were based on the following.
- V104C test A vane pump test defined in ASTM D 2882 was conducted, the weight of the vane and the ring before and after the test was measured, and the amount of wear was measured. The test time was 100 hours.
- Rust prevention test Rust prevention test using general steel materials for polished steel bars specified in JIS K 2510. There are two types of test methods, distilled water and artificial seawater, depending on the water used, but this time the test was conducted with more severe artificial seawater. The test time is 24 hours and the test oil temperature wave is 60 ° C.
- Acid value This is defined by the titration amount of potassium hydroxide required for neutralizing acidic components contained in a certain amount of sample as defined in JIS K 2501. That is, 1 (KOH / mg) indicates the amount of acidic component contained in 1 mg that can be measured with a KOH solution.
- the present invention provides a flame-retardant hydraulic fluid composition that is excellent in long life, sludge suppression performance, abrasion resistance, and seizure resistance, and is particularly resistant to hydrolysis and usable for a long period of time.
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Abstract
Description
なお、天然系素材を原料とする天然系合成エステルは、脂肪酸が不飽和脂肪酸を主体であるため、地球環境に優しくコスト的にも有利であるが、酸化安定性が飽和脂肪酸の合成エステルや合成系の炭化水素油などより大きく劣るのが欠点であった。
合成エステル及び植物油脂には、新油段階で不純物の酸が存在し、これが加水分解や酸化劣化の引き金となるので、これらの酸を捕捉する酸捕捉剤を使用することで、劣化寿命の大幅な延長が可能となる。この酸捕捉剤としては、カルボジイミド化合物、エポキシ化合物が知られている(例えば文献4参照)。
また、不飽和脂肪酸からなるエステルは酸化安定性が悪いが、炭化水素油に使用されてきた従来のフェノール系酸化防止剤やアミン系酸化防止剤単独ではそれらのエステル油に対しては十分な酸化防止効果が得られなかった。
本発明の難燃性油圧作動油組成物に使用される基油としては、炭化水素油、合成エステル及び油脂の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種を基油として用いることができ、具体的にはポリオールエステル、ジエステル、各種植物油脂、動物油脂などが例示される。中でもポリオールエステル、オレイン酸比率の高い菜種油、ひまわり油、大豆油などのエステルが好ましく、特に、40℃における動粘度が10~200mm2/sのものが好ましく用いられる。
また、非芳香族不飽和分(不飽和度)が10%以下であることが好ましい。この不飽和度が10%より多い場合はスラッジ発生の原因となる可能性がある。このような点から本発明においては、上記不飽和度をより好ましくは5%以下、更に好ましくは1%以下、最も好ましくは0.1%以下とする。このような高度精製鉱油の具体例としては、例えば、パラフィン基系原油、中間基系原油あるいはナフテン基系原油を常圧蒸留するかあるいは常圧蒸留の残渣油を減圧蒸留して得られる留出油を常法に従って精製することによって得られる精製油、あるいは精製後更に深脱ロウ処理することによって得られる深脱ろう油、更には水素化処理によって得られる水添処理油などを挙げることができる。この際の精製法は特に制限はなく様々な方法が使用される。
ナフタレン化合物としては、単一の構造の化合物だけでなく、異なる構造を有する化合物の2種以上の混合物であっても良い。
また、上記ナフタレン化合物の製造方法は特に制限されず、種々の公知の方法で製造できるが、熱・酸化安定性に優れる点から硫黄含有量が500質量ppm以下のものが好ましく用いられる。
このアルキル基としては直鎖状であっても、分枝状であっても良いが、安定性、粘度特性などの点から分枝状アルキル基が好ましく、特に入手可能性の点から、プロピレン、ブテン、イソブチレンなどのオレフィンのオリゴマーから誘導される分枝状アルキル基がより好ましい。
また、アルキルベンゼンとしては、単一の構造のアルキルベンゼンだけでなく、異なる構造を有するアルキルベンゼンの2種以上の混合物であっても良い。
上記アルキルベンゼンの製造方法は任意であり、何ら限定されるものでない。
ジオールとしては、具体的には例えば、エチレングリコール、1,3-プロパンジオール、プロピレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、2ーメチル-1,3-プロパンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2-エチル-2-メチル-1,3-プロパンジオール、1,7-ヘプタンジオール、2-メチル-2-プロピル-1,3-プロパンジオール、2,2-ジエチル-1,3-プロパンジオール、1,8-オクタンジオール、1,9-ノナンジオール、1,10-デカンジオール、1,11-ウンデカンジオール、1,12-ドデカンジオールなどが挙げられる。
これらの中でもポリオールとしては、より加水分解安定性に優れることから、ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールブタン、ジ-(トリメチロールプロパン)、トリ-(トリメチロールプロパン)、ペンタエリスリトール、ジ-(ペンタエリスリトール)などのヒンダードアルコールが好ましい。
なお、2種以上の脂肪酸とポリオールとのエステルとは、1種の脂肪酸とポリオールのエステルを2種以上混合したものでも良く、2種以上の混合脂肪酸とポリオールのエステルであっても良い。
芳香族エステルとして、具体的には例えば、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ジ(2-エチルヘキシル)、フタル酸ジノニル、フタル酸ジデシル、フタル酸ジドデシル、フタル酸ジトリデシル、トリメリット酸トリブチル、トリメリット酸トリ(2-エチルヘキシル)、トリメリット酸トリノニル、トリメリット酸トリデシル、トリメリット酸トリドデシル、トリメリット酸トリトリデシルなどが挙げられる。なお、当然のことながら、2価以上の芳香族カルボン酸を用いた場合、1種の脂肪族アルコールからなる単純エステルであってもよいし、2種以上の脂肪族アルコールからなる複合エステルであってもよい。
炭酸エステルを構成するアルコールとしては、前述の脂肪族アルコール、ポリオールなどが使用でき、またポリグリコールやポリオールにポリグリコールを付加させたものも使用できる。また、炭酸と脂肪酸及び/又は二塩基酸を用いたものを使用しても良い。
これらのエステル系基油の中でも、加水分解安定性に優れることから、ポリオールエステルが好ましい。
本発明においては、上記のエステル系基油のうちの1種を単独で用いてもよく、また2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
エステルを構成する脂肪酸に占める不飽和脂肪酸の比率が30モル%未満であると、(B)成分を配合しても、油圧作動油の使用の初期段階では粘度上昇・酸価増加の抑制効果があるが、使用が進むと劣化生成物が急にスラッジ化し易く、油圧システム内でトラブルが発生することがある。
R1、R2がアルキルフェニル基の場合は、一般式(1)で示される化合物として、下記一般式(2)で表されるジフェニルカルボジイミドまたはジアルキルフェニルカルボジイミドが挙げられる。一般式(2)中、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7およびR8は、水素または炭素数1~8のアルキル基を示し、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
また、シクロパラフィン基、アルキルシクロパラフィン基としては、前記ジアルキルフェニルカルボジイミドにおいてフェニル基がシクロヘキシル基に置き換わったものが挙げられる。
また、R1、R2の炭素数は、それぞれ4~26が好ましく、4~20がより好ましく、4~12がさらに好ましい。R1またはR2の炭素数が3以下であると反応性が高くなり不安定となって好ましくなく、27以上であると分子中に占める官能基の割合が小さくなり、酸補足効果に悪影響を与える恐れがある。
一般式(5)において、R14及びR15は、それぞれ個別に、炭素数1~16のアルキル基を示す。
さらに、R14又はR15は、より優れた酸化防止効果を得るために、イソブチレンから誘導されるtert-ブチル基、イソブチレンの2量体から誘導される分枝オクチル基が最も好ましい。
上記式(ii)中、R21は炭素数1~6のアルキレン基を示し、R22は炭素数1~4のアルキル基を示し、R23は水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。
-R30-S-R31- (iii)
上記式(iii)中、R30及びR31は、それぞれ個別に、炭素数1~6のアルキレン基を示す。
R35O-CO-R34- (9)
R37O-CO-R36-CO- (10)
-C-CO-O-R38 (11)
(式(9)~(11)中、R34は炭素数1~12のアルキレン基であり、R36は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基であり、R35及びR37は、それぞれ水素原子又は炭素数1~10のアルキル基であり、R38は炭素数1~10のアルキル基である。)
抗乳化剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール,ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル,ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルアミド,ポリオキシアルキレン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
スティックスリップ防止剤としては、具体的には、多価アルコールエステル(完全エステル、部分エステル)などが挙げられる。
油性剤としては、具体的には脂肪酸、エステル、アルコール等が挙げられる。通常、その含有量は、油圧作動油組成物全量基準で0.01~0.5質量%であるのが望ましい。
表1~表4に示すように、基油および添加剤を配合して油圧作動油組成物を調製した。実施例及び比較例で用いた基油および添加剤は以下のとおりである。
A1:トリメチルロールプロパンのオレイン酸エステル(40℃における動粘度47.2mm2/s、粘度指数190)
A2:高オレイン酸含有菜種油(40℃における動粘度35mm2/s、粘度指数190、エステルを構成する全脂肪酸に占めるオレイン酸の比率75モル%,エステルを構成する全脂肪酸に占める不飽和脂肪酸比率90モル%)
A3:ポリα-オレフィンオリゴマー(40℃における動粘度44.5mm2/s、粘度指数145)
B1:下式で示されるビス(2,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)カルボジイミド
B2:1,2-エポキシテトラデカン
C1:トリフェニルチオフォスフェート
C2:2-エチルヘキシルアシッドフォスフェート
C3:トリクレジルホスフェート
D1:N-p-イソドデシルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン
D2:p,p’-ジオクチルジフェニルアミン
D3:ビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン
F1:Nメチルベンゾトリアゾール
F2:ポリメタクリレート(分子量5万)
JIS K 2265「原油及び石油製品-引火点試験方法」に準拠した。
JIS K 2514に規定する「回転ボンベ式酸化安定度方法」で、試料油50g、銅のコイル状触媒、水10mlを入れたふた付き試験容器を、圧力計を備えたボンベの中に入れ、酸素を620kPaに圧入し、150℃の恒温槽に入れる。ボンベを30℃の角度に保持しながら毎分100回転で回転させ、圧力が最高になった時点から、175kPaの圧力低下をするまでの時間で評価する。
ASTM D 2783-88に規定する潤滑油の極圧性能測定用標準試験方法(四球法){Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Four- Ball Method)}に準拠し、回転数1200rpm、荷重294N,油温室温、試験時間30分の条件で試験を実施し、3個の固定球の摩耗痕径(mm)の平均値を測定する。
ASTM D 5182に規定されたギヤ試験。1500回転(回転数1500rpm)、試験開始油温90℃で試験を開始し、各ステージで規定された重量でギヤに荷重をかけ、15分間運転する。ギヤが焼きつく荷重のステージで油の耐焼き付性の評価を行う。ギヤが焼きついた荷重のステージを不合格とする。
ASTM D 2882に規定されたベーンポンプ試験を実施し、試験前後のベーンとリングの重量を計測し、摩耗量を測定した。試験時間は100時間とした。
JIS K 2510に規定された、みがき棒鋼用一般鋼材を用いた防錆試験。使用する水により、蒸留水と人工海水の2種類の試験方法があるが、今回はより厳しい人工海水で試験を実施した。試験時間は24時間、試験油温波60℃である。
JIS K 2501に規定された、一定量の試料中に含まれ酸性成分を中和するのに必要な水酸化カリウムの滴定量で規定される。つまり1(KOH/mg)は、1mg中に含まれる、KOH溶液で測定できる酸性成分の量を示す。
Claims (3)
- (A)炭化水素油、合成エステル及び油脂から選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油、(B)エポキシ化合物及び/又は下記一般式(1)で示されるカルボジイミド化合物を組成物全量基準で合計で0.01~2質量%、および(C)硫黄含有リン酸エステル、酸性リン酸エステル、酸性リン酸エステルアミン塩及び亜リン酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種類の摩耗防止剤を組成物全量基準で0.001~5質量%、を含有することを特徴とする難燃性油圧作動油組成物。
- アミン系酸化防止剤及び/又はフェノール系酸化防止剤を組成物全量基準で0.01~5質量%含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の難燃性油圧作動油組成物。
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CN102010775A (zh) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-13 | 攀枝花钢城集团瑞钢工业有限公司 | 一种液压油及其制备方法 |
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JPWO2014010682A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-06-23 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
US10563148B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2020-02-18 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricant oil composition |
JPWO2014156338A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-02-16 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
WO2014156338A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2015147859A (ja) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | コスモ石油ルブリカンツ株式会社 | 油圧作動油組成物 |
JP2016014091A (ja) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-28 | 日本サン石油株式会社 | 油圧作動油組成物 |
WO2018030475A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-02-15 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JPWO2018030475A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-06-13 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP7034073B2 (ja) | 2016-08-12 | 2022-03-11 | Eneos株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2021134874A (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-13 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械 |
JP7497170B2 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2024-06-10 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械 |
WO2023189293A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | Eneos株式会社 | 潤滑油用基油、潤滑油及び作動流体 |
Also Published As
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CN102292424A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
CN102292424B (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
JPWO2010064347A1 (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
JP5389048B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
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