WO2000029523A1

WO2000029523A1 - Oil composition for non-stage transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2000029523A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/006286
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shin Saeki; Kohei Matsuo
Original assignee: Japan Energy Corporation
Priority date: 1998-11-13
Filing date: 1999-11-11
Publication date: 2000-05-25
Also published as: DE69915804D1; EP1055722B1; EP1055722A4; EP1055722A1; JP4367819B2; DE69915804T2

Abstract

An oil composition for non-stage transmissions which is obtained by incorporating (b) a polymethacrylate, (c) the phenate or a sulfonate of an alkaline earth metal, (d) an imide compound, (e) an (alkyl)phenyl (thio)phosphate, (f) zinc dithiophosphate, and (g) a fatty acid amide compound into (a) a lube base oil. It has such a high coefficient of friction that it can transmit the power of a high-output engine, and is highly effective in wearing prevention and scratch noise prevention. It is hence useful as a lubricating oil for automotive CVTs.

Description

Description i Continuously variable transmission oil composition Technical field

The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission oil composition, and in particular, has a high coefficient of friction, excellent durability of the coefficient of friction, low abrasion, and an improvement in the 1-V characteristic without lowering the coefficient of friction at high speed. The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission oil composition for a belt-type CVT capable of preventing noise. Background art

In recent years, along with global warming prevention measures, carbon dioxide emissions have been reduced. For this reason, automobiles are also required to further improve fuel efficiency. The mainstream of automatic transmissions (A T) for automobiles is a type that combines a torque converter, wet clutch, and planetary gear. However, since this torque converter transmits power through automatic transmission fluid (ATF), the loss is large. For this reason, the power transmission loss is reduced by locking up, but it is difficult to greatly reduce the transmission loss as long as a torque converter is used.

For this reason, there is a movement to adopt a continuously variable transmission (CVT) using a metal belt. Belt-type CVTs consist of a drive pulley and a belt for transmitting power. The belt consists of an element and a steel strip that holds it. With this transmission, transmission loss can be significantly reduced. However, when the engine output is high, belts and pulleys tend to slip, so until now they were usually used for cars with small displacement. However, it is also used in high-power engines due to the demand for fuel efficiency. Movement came out. -In order to transmit the engine power efficiently, it is necessary to prevent the pulley and belt from slipping. However, if the pressure for pinching the belt is increased to prevent slippage, the belt will be easily worn. For this reason, not only the improvement of the equipment, but also the lubricating oil is required to have a belt and a pulley that are unlikely to slip and the belt and the pulley are hard to wear. In other words, it has become necessary to have a lubricating property to prevent abrasion, but to have a certain level of frictional force to prevent the pulley and belt from slipping for sufficient power transmission.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-25491 discloses that, in order to eliminate the “scratch phenomenon” of CVT, (a) alkyl sulfonate overbased with alkali metal and alkaline earth metal (B) metal dialkyl diphosphates such as zinc diisooctyl dithiophosphate; (c) sulfur-containing friction modifiers such as sulfurized olefins and sulfurized fatty acids; (d) A lubricating oil to which an additive package comprising a fatty acid amide, (e) a viscosity improver such as polyolefin, and the like is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-78079 discloses that the slip speed is set to 200 b using the LFW-1 test method specified in ASTMD 274, and the vertical load is set to 200 b. 0 to 100 cmZs, the coefficient of friction measured from the frictional force at each sliding speed shows a positive friction characteristic that increases with the sliding speed, and at a sliding speed of 2.5 cm or less. Lubricating oils having a coefficient of friction in the range of 0.12 to 0.14 have been proposed. Specifically, lubricating oils containing sulfide esters, metal salt detergents, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, phosphate esters, imide compounds, and polymethacrylate in mineral or synthetic base oils. . By using this lubricating oil, large-capacity power transmission becomes possible, and the slip The phenomenon can be suppressed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-1000487 discloses that a lubricating base oil comprises at least one sulfur-based extreme pressure agent selected from sulfurized oils and fats, thiocarbamates, and thioterpenes, and tricresyl phosphate. And one or more linoleic extreme pressure agents selected from the group consisting of alkyl acid phosphate amine salts and alkenyl acid phosphate amine salts, and alkaline earth metal detergents such as calcium phenate. A lubricating oil composition for a continuously variable transmission is disclosed. According to the company, it has excellent wear resistance and extreme pressure properties, and can maintain a high friction coefficient for a long time, enabling large-capacity torque transmission.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-2637882 discloses that an ashless dispersant such as a sulfonate or an imide compound, an acid amide, a dithione or the like is added to a base oil containing a viscosity index improver as necessary. It discloses a continuously variable transmission oil composition containing an organic molybdenum compound such as molybdenum phosphate and molybdenum dithiolbamate, and an amine-based antioxidant. This composition has a minimum friction coefficient at 100 ° of 0.1 or more and a ratio of friction coefficient μd at the sliding velocity V to the friction coefficient μs immediately before the sliding velocity becomes 0 / s / id / id. Less than. It also states that it may contain fatty acid derivatives, partial ester compounds, sulfur-based antioxidants, etc. It says that this makes it possible to maintain the friction coefficient for a long time and to prevent scratch noise.

However, although the above literature focuses on improving the coefficient of friction, further improvement is required in terms of the coefficient of friction in order to transmit high-power engine power. In addition, the anti-wear performance and anti-scratch noise performance were not sufficient, and improvements were required. Disclosure of the invention

The present invention has good anti-wear properties while having a high coefficient of friction at high speeds. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable transmission oil composition which also has an anti-scratch performance and a scratch noise prevention performance.

The present inventors have intensively studied a metal belt type CVT lubricating oil in order to solve such a problem. As a result, they have found that the above-mentioned problems are satisfied by selecting and using a specific type of additive from a large number of additives, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to (a) a lubricating base oil, (b) at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethacrylates, (c) phenates of alkaline earth metals and sulfonates of alkaline earth metals, d) an imido compound, (e) at least one selected from phenyl phosphate, a / req / refeninolephosphate, pheninolethiophosphate, alkylphenylthiophosphate, and (f) zinc dithiophosphate And (g) a continuously variable transmission oil composition comprising a fatty acid amide compound.

Here, more preferably, the polymethacrylate is a dispersion type, and its compounding amount is 5 to 15% by mass based on the continuously variable transmission oil. The alkaline earth metal phenate and the alkaline earth metal sulfonate are at least one selected from potassium salt, magnesium salt, and potassium salt, and the mixing amount thereof is 0 based on the continuously variable transmission oil. 5 to 3.0% by mass. The imide compound is succinic acid imidate or boron-containing succinic acid imide, and its compounding amount is 0.5 to 5.0% by mass based on the continuously variable transmission oil. The compounding amount is one or more selected from the above-mentioned phenyl / rephosphate, azolequinolefeni / rephosphate, phenylthiophosphate, and alkylphenylthiophosphate, but is 0.1 or more based on the continuously variable transmission oil. ~ 2.0% by mass. The zinc dithiophosphate is a commonly available compound of dithiophosphoric acid and zinc having an alkyl group and / or an aryl group, and its compounding amount is defined as 0.1% of zinc based on a continuously variable transmission oil. It is 0.5 to 0.2% by mass. Furthermore, the fatty amine De compounds, its amount is, in the continuously variable transmission fluids reference is 0.1 to 3.0 mass ^_0/0. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. As the lubricating base oil used in the present invention, known mineral oils and / or synthetic oils can be used. For example, a mineral base oil is extracted by a known method using a neutral oil produced from crude oil as a crude oil, a bright stock, or a distillate extracted from an atmospheric distillate with a solvent such as furfural. The obtained roughine is dewaxed with a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, and the resulting roughine is hydrorefined under high pressure to remove impurities such as sulfur. These can be obtained by blending them at an appropriate ratio. Examples of the synthetic oil include poly-α-olefin, polyhydric alcohol ester, polyalkylene glycol, and the like. As the base oil, mineral oil and synthetic oil can each be used alone, or a mixture thereof.

Is the base oil used in the present invention, the 1 2 0 or more base oil viscosity index 3 0 mass ^_0/0 or more, preferably containing 5 0% by mass or more. Examples of such base oils include waxes, highly hydrorefined oils and the like obtained by hydroisomerization, and synthetic oils. If the base oil having a viscosity index of 120 or more falls below 30% by mass, the life of the continuously variable transmission oil may be shortened.

As the polymethacrylate, a dispersion type can be suitably used. Such a polymer can be obtained by copolymerizing an alkyl methacrylate monomer and a polar monomer. As the polar monomer, at least one selected from getylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-5-butylpyrrolidone, Ν-pyrrolidone, and morpholinoethyl methacrylate can be suitably used. Alkyl methacrylate monomer and polar monomer The molar ratio is preferably in the range of 80:20 to 95: 5 at which the dispersion effect is maximized. Further, the molecular weight of the polymer is preferably in the range of number-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000, from the viewpoint of shear stability and the like. The addition amount of polymethacrylate is preferably 5 to 15% by mass, more preferably 7 to 12% by mass, based on the total amount of the continuously variable transmission oil. If the content is less than 5% by mass, the low-temperature startability and the wear prevention effect may be reduced. Further, even if it exceeds 15% by mass, the effect of preventing wear may be reduced.

These are phenates of alkaline earth metals and sulfonates of alkaline earth metals. As the alkaline earth metals, one or more selected from calcium, magnesium and barium can be used. In particular, at least one selected from calcium and magnesium is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the friction coefficient characteristics. The addition amount of at least one selected from alkaline earth metal phenates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates is preferably from 0.5 to 3.0% by mass, more preferably from 0 to 3.0% by mass, based on the total amount of the continuously variable transmission oil. 7 to 2.0% by mass. If the amount is less than 0.5% by mass, the durability of the coefficient of friction and the cleaning effect may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 3.0% by mass, the coefficient of friction may be reduced.

As the imid compound used in the present invention, succinic imid and Z or boron-containing succinic imid are preferable. Those having an alkenyl group can be suitably used. The alkenyl succinic acid imide is used for dispersing insolubles, sludge, and the like generated by the oxidation of organic substances, and has an effect of reducing the friction coefficient relatively little and reducing the change of the friction coefficient with time.

The addition amount of the imide compound, 0.5 to 5.0 mass with CVT oil total amount ^_0/0 Preferably, further 1.0 to 3.0% by mass. If the content is less than 0.5% by mass, the coefficient of friction and the dispersing effect may be reduced. If the amount is more than 10% by mass, the abrasion resistance may decrease.

The phenyl phosphate, anoalkyl phenyl phosphate, phenyl thiophosphate and anolyalkyl phenyl thiophosphate used in the present invention are compounds having 1 to 3 hydrocarbon groups in the molecule. At least one hydrocarbon group has a benzene ring.

Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group having a benzene ring, an aryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, a primary alkyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms having no benzene ring, Examples thereof include a secondary alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms and a / 3-branched alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.

The hydrocarbon groups in the molecule may be the same, one may be different from the other two, or each may be different. Those having substantially two or more hydrocarbon groups having a benzene ring in the molecule can be preferably used.

In addition, there is no problem in using two or more kinds of compounds having different structures of hydrocarbon groups in the molecule in an appropriate ratio, and there is no problem.The above four kinds of compounds may be used alone or two or more kinds may be used. Can be used in combination

The compounding amount of one or two or more of these phenyl phosphates, anorex / rephenylphosphate, phenyl / rethiophosphate, and anorequinolefeninolethiophosphate is selected from the group consisting of: 0.1 to 2.0 mass ^_0/0 preferably in the continuously variable transmission oil basis, more preferably 0.3 to 2.0 wt%. If the addition amount is less than 0.1% by mass, the coefficient of friction will be low and the characteristics as a continuously variable transmission oil may not be sufficient. Further, if the mass exceeds ^2.0 / ₀ , no further improvement in performance can be seen.

This is a zinc compound of dithiophosphoric acid to be added to the base oil, and any commonly available one can be used. Specifically, the hydrocarbon group of dithiophosphoric acid is a primary alkyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms, a secondary alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, A zinc compound of one or more dithiophosphoric acids selected from a 3-branched alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms], a phenyl group and an aryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms is preferable. Can be used. Of these, when used as a continuously variable transmission oil, phenyl-based and aryl-based oils are preferred in terms of stability of the friction coefficient. In addition, secondary alkyl groups have excellent anti-wear effects, while primary alkyl groups and 0-position branched alkyl groups have excellent stability against thermal and oxidative degradation. It is preferable to select several kinds of zinc dithiophosphate compounds and to use them by changing their mixing ratio.

For example, when used as the continuously variable transmission oil of the present invention, zinc dithiophosphate having a phenyl group and an aryl group is 10 parts by weight, and dithiophosphorus having a primary alkyl group is 1 to 20 parts by weight. A combination of zinc acid can be suitably used. Also, there is no need to stick to this combination, and there is no problem using readily available ones.

In addition, it is inevitable that dithiophosphoric acid with one hydrocarbon group is mixed as an impurity, but it can be used as long as its solubility in the base oil is not a problem.

The addition amount of the zinc compound of dithiophosphoric acid is preferably 0.05 to 0.2% by mass as zinc, and 0.074 to 0.2% by mass based on the total amount of the continuously variable transmission oil. More preferred. If the addition amount is less than 0.05% by mass, not only the friction coefficient decreases, but also the abrasion prevention effect decreases. Further, even if it exceeds 0.2% by mass, no further improvement in performance can be seen.

As the fatty acid amide compound used as the friction modifier in the present invention, any of those conventionally used generally can be used. The type is not particularly limited, but, for example, the following fatty acid alcohol amides can be suitably used. That is, the fatty acid of the fatty acid amide preferably has 7 to 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably has 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Specifically, saturated fatty acids such as octanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid, unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, mixtures thereof, and mixed fatty acids derived from natural (animal and plant) Can be mentioned. Among these, unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid can be preferably used because of their low melting point. Examples of the fatty acid alcohol amide include diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

Specific compounds obtained from the above fatty acids and amines include dodecanoic acid (lauric acid) monoethanolamide, dodecanoic acid diethanolamide, octadecanoic acid ethanolamide, octadecanoic acid monoethanolamide, oleic acid diethanolamide, monooleic acid monoethanolamide Ethanolamide, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, palm oil fatty acid monoethanolamide, tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) diethanolamide, tetradecanoic acid monoethanolamide, dodecanoic acid tetradecanoic acid ethanolamide, hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) ) Diethanolamide, hexadenoic acid monoethanolamide, dodecanoic acid isopropanolamide, iso-octadecanoic acid diethanolamide, iso-octadecanoic acid Examples thereof include nonethanolamide, palm kernel oil diethanolamide, and palm kernel oil monoethanolamide. Among these, dodecanoic acid diethanolamide, oleic acid ethanol amide, and coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide are preferable in view of the effect of addition, easy availability, and the like.

This is a method for producing fatty acid alcohol amides.Addition of twice the molar amount of diethanol / reamine, monoethanolamine, and monoisopropanolamine to a specified amount of fatty acids, and heating and dehydration under a nitrogen stream A method of condensation and the like can be used. As in the case of N-alkyl propylene diamine fatty acid salt, the fatty acid used does not need to be a single component, but a mixture of two or more or a naturally occurring fatty acid Has no problem.

The amount of these fatty acid amide compounds to be added is preferably 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by weight, based on the continuously variable transmission oil. / ₀ . If the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of preventing scratch noise is reduced, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the addition amount exceeds 3.0% by weight, the friction coefficient is lowered, which is not preferable. By blending the fatty acid amide compound in the above ratio, scratch noise can be prevented. Scratch noise is caused by the slip between components (coming, ring / ring) in the belt assembly of the belt type CVT. Stick rips occur when the coefficient of friction decreases with increasing slip velocity. Therefore, the following equation:

(Friction coefficient at high speed) i (Friction coefficient at low speed)

The larger the value of, the less likely it is for a slip to occur and the less noise is generated. This characteristic of the lubricating oil with respect to the friction coefficient (μ) and the speed is generally called / X-V characteristic. The value of the above equation may be negative (1), but the larger the value, the better the performance.

The continuously variable transmission oil composition of the present invention is particularly excellent in this μ-V characteristic, as shown in Examples described later. This is because, mainly by mixing fatty acid amide compounds, the μ-V characteristic can be changed from a negative slope to a positive slope without decreasing the friction coefficient at high speed, It is probable that the slope was reduced. Therefore, the excellent μ-V characteristics of the present invention can be obtained by combining the above-mentioned (a) to (g) with the combination of the lubricating base oil and the additive, or at least with the combination thereof, of the fatty acid amide compound. This is considered to be the result of the performance of improving μ-V characteristics.

As described above, the continuously variable transmission oil and the composition of the present invention include the base oil and the additive. With the combination configuration,

(1) High friction coefficient at high speed

(2) Has particularly good μ-V characteristics

(3) Low scratch noise

(4) Less wear

And the like. Since the continuously variable transmission oil composition of the present invention has a large friction coefficient at a high speed and particularly good β-V characteristics, it can transmit power of a high-output, large-capacity engine having a high torque at a low speed. It is suitable as a lubricating oil for CVTs, and can be used effectively for relatively large vehicles.

The continuously variable transmission oil composition of the present invention contains, in addition to the above additives, antioxidants, antioxidants, and pour points conventionally used in lubricating oils as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. A depressant, a metal deactivator and the like can also be added as appropriate. As the antioxidant, a phosphorus antioxidant, a phenolic antioxidant, or an amine antioxidant may be used alone or in combination. The addition amount of the antioxidant is about 0.1 to 3.0% by mass based on the total amount of the continuously variable transmission oil. If it is less than 0.1% by mass, the antioxidant ability may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 3.0% by mass, sludge formation due to an increase in the concentration of oxidative decomposition products or a decrease in the coefficient of friction is not preferred.

Examples of the phosphorus antioxidants include bis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, phenyldiisodesyl phosphite, diphenyldiisosoctyl phosphite, diphenyldiisodesyl phosphite, and triphenyl. Ninolephosphite, trisnoninolephene / lephosphite, tris-di-n-phenylphenyl phosphite, tri-sulfite (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, distearyl-pentaene Lithritol diphosphite, bis (nonizlephenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol alkyl phosphite, 4,4,1-butylidene denbis (3-methylthio-6-) t-Butylphenyl trisylphosphite), 1,1,3—tris (2—methyl-4-zyridesinolephosphite) 5—t—butylphenyl) butane, tetrakis (2, 4—di-t-butylphenyl) 1,4,4, —bisphenylenediphosphite, 3,4,5,6—dibenzo-1,2—oxaphosphane-12-oxide, trilauryllithophosphite, tris ( Disodecyl) phosphite, tris (tridecyl) phosphite, phenyldi (tridecyl) phosphite Diphenyl tridecinolephosphite, phenylenobis bisphenol A pentaerythritol diphosphite, 3,5-di-t-butynole- 1- 4-hydroxyhydroxybenzolelephosphonic acid getyl ester, etc. may be mentioned. And one or more of these can be used.

Among these, aryl phosphates, in particular, one aryl group preferably has at least one or more, preferably two alkyl groups from the viewpoint of hydrolytic decomposition stability, and trisyl (2, 4) Tri-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, trisnoninolephenyl phosphite, tri- (mono-di-mixed nonylphenyl) phosphite and the like can be suitably used. In addition, especially when industrial grade reagents are used, it is inevitable that one or two hydrocarbon groups are mixed, but as long as the solubility in the base oil is not a problem, Can be used.

Examples of the phenolic antioxidants that can be used in the present invention include 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-phenol-methoxy, 2,4-dimethynolate 6-t-butynole Phenol, 2,4-diethyl 6-t-butyl phenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-creso 1,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethynolephenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl 4- (N, N-dimethylamine) (Methyl) phenol, n-otatadecyl-1-β- (4,1-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylphenyl) propionate, 2,4- (n-octylthio) -16- (4-hydroxy) 3,1,5, di-tert-butylanilino) 1,1,3,5-triazine, styrene-dani fenore, styrene-dani creso-no-re, toko-fueno-nore, 2-t-buty-no-ru 6- (3,1- t-butyl-5,1-methyl-1,2,1-hydroxybenzyl) -1,4-methylphenyl acrylate, 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-16-t-butylphenol), 2,2 , One methylene levis (4-ethyl-6-t —Butylphenol), 2,2,1-methylenebis (4-methyl-16-cyclohexynolephenol), 2,2, dihydroxy—3,3, di ( _α -methylcyclohexyl) -15 , 5,1-Dimethyldiphenylmethane, 2,2,1-ethylidene-bis (2,4-g-t-butylphenol), 2,2,1-butylidene-bis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4, 4,1-Methylenebis (2,6-dibutylbutylphenol), 4,4,1-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-butylbutylphenol), 1,6-hexanediolbis [3— ( 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], triethylenglycol-bis-3-(-t-butyl-14-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate, N, N , 1-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-1-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl] hydrazine, N, Ν'-hexamethylenebis- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-) Hydroxyl amide, 2,2,1-thiobis (4-methyl-1-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4,1-thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 2,2 —Thiojetylene bis- [3 (3,5-di- t-Butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl), pionate], bis [2-t-butyl / le 4-methinole 6- (3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) phenyl] terephthalate, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-14-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6—tris (3,5-di- t-butyl-41-hydroxybenzinolene benzene, tris (3,5-di-t-1-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (41-t-butyl) L-3-hydroxy-1,2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5,1-di-t-butyl_4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane , Calcium (3,5-di-t-butyl-1-4-) Droxybenzinolemonoethyl phosphonate), propyl gallate, octyl gallate, lauryl gallate, 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenol, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,

5—Gee t—Amylhydroquinone, 1,1,3—Tris (2-methyl—4—hydroxy) 5—t—Butinolepheninole Butane, 1,3,5—Trimethyl-1,2, 4, 6-tris- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, 3,9-bis [2- {3-(3-t-butyl-1-4-hydroxy-5) Methinolepheni ^^) pulpionyloxy}-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] pentane, etc. One or more of these Can be used.

Of these, in terms of availability and use in lubricating oils,

6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 2,2,1-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 2,2,1-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t-butynole 4-phenethylolepheno And 4, 4'-methylene bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) are preferred. Examples of the amine-based antioxidants include p, p, dioctyldiphenylamine, N-pheninole N, iso-isopropinole p-phenylenediamine, poly 2,2,4 — Trimethyl-1-, 2-dihydroquinoline, 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, thiodiphenylamine, 4-amino-p-diphenylamine, etc. One or more of these can be used.

Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole, tritriazole, benzotriazole derivatives having a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, benzimidazole, and carbon atoms having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include an imidazole derivative having a hydrogen group, a thiazole derivative having a C2 to C20 hydrocarbon group, and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. One or more of these may be used. Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples of a lubricating oil for belt type CVT. All of the examples illustrated as comparative examples have excellent performance. Therefore, the difference from the embodiment is small. However, the CVT oil of the present invention is more excellent in characteristics than the comparative example. Further, the present invention is not limited to only these examples.

(Test method) Using the LFW-1 tester described in ASTM D2714, the friction coefficient of the continuously variable transmission oil, the stability of the friction coefficient, and the lubricity were examined. The test conditions were as follows: load: 201 bf, rotation speed: 140 rpm, oil temperature: 110¾, and the friction coefficient and wear scar width 30 minutes after the start of the test were measured. Standard test pieces were used.

With respect to those having a sufficiently large friction coefficient at a rotation speed of 140 rpm, the friction coefficient and the wear scar width at a rotation speed of 30 rpm were measured. Rotation speed 3 0 r Friction coefficient of p _m is a value measured after setting the rotation speed after 3 0 min.

In order to evaluate the continuously variable transmission oil composition of the present invention, the following lubricating base oils (a) and additives (b) to (h) were used in the preparation of the test oils of Examples and Comparative Examples.

(Lubricant base oil)

(a1) Lubricating base oil 1: A mixture of 40% by mass of a base oil obtained by hydroisomerization of ックス, 20% by mass of a solvent dewaxed base oil and 40% by mass of a neutral oil was mixed. ² 0 mm 2 Z s kinematic viscosity Wakkusu hydroisomerization oil in 4 0 ° C, 4 in 1 0 0 ° C. 5 mm 2 s, flash point 2 2 4 ° C, sulfur content 1 0 ppm According to NDM ring analysis, the aromatic component was 0% and the viscosity index was 142. Solvent kinematic viscosity of the dewaxed base oil 4 9 6 mm ² in at 0 Z s, 1 0 0 Oite to ¾ 1 1 mm ² / s, flash point 2 6 6 ° C, sulfur content 0.1 5 % By mass, the aromatic component was 6.5% by NDM ring analysis, and the viscosity index was 97. In addition, the kinematic viscosity of the dual nutrient oil is 12 mm ² s at 40 ° C, 2.9 mm ² Z s at 100 ° C, the flash point is 190 ° C, and the sulfur content is 0.08. % By mass, 13% of aromatic components by NDM ring analysis, and viscosity index of 80.

(a2) Lubricating oil base oil 2: 35% by mass of a base oil obtained by hydroisomerizing the above-mentioned box, 25% by mass of a solvent-dewaxed base oil, and 40% by mass of a neutral oil were mixed.

(a3) Lubricating oil base oil 3: 70 mass% base oil obtained by hydroisomerizing the above-mentioned box and 30 mass of neutral oil. / ₀ mixed.

(a4) Lubricating oil base oil 4: 65% by mass of a base oil obtained by hydroisomerizing the above-mentioned PEX, 5% by mass of a solvent-dewaxed base oil, and 30% by mass of a neutral oil.

(Additive) (b) Dispersed polymethacrylate: Nitrogen-dispersed polymethacrylate (number-average molecular weight: about 530,000)

(c1) Calcium phenate: base number 240 mg KOHZ g (c2) Calcium sulfonate: base number 30 O mg KOH / g

(c3) Calcium phenate: base number 320 mg KOHZ g

(d1) Boron-containing succinic acid imide

(d2) succinic acid imide

(el) triphenyl phosphate

(e2) triphenylthiophosphate

The following additives were also prepared for comparison.

(e3) diisopropyldithiophosphate propionate

(e4) Acid dithiophosphate amine salt

(e5) Tributyl phosphate

(f1) Zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP): An industrial-grade zinc diaryldithiophosphate having a C12 aryl group.

(f2) ZnDTP: zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group

(g 1) Coconut oil fatty acid jetanol amide

For comparison, friction modifiers other than the following fatty acid amide compounds were prepared.

(g 2) Sorbitan trioleate

(g3) Oleilamine

(h i) Amine antioxidant (ρ, ρ'-Dioctyldiphenylamine) (h 2) Phenol antioxidant (Hindered phenol)

(Example 1)

Wherein the base oil (al), poly Metata Li rate 7.0 mass ^_0/0 (b), 0 Calcium Hue Natick bets (c 1). 5 wt%, the Karushiu Musuruhone bets (c 2) 0. 8 mass ⁰ /. , Arukirujichio of (d 1) boron-containing succinic San'i Mi de a 2.0 mass ^_0/0, (f 1) 0. 0 2 1 % by mass of Arirujichio zinc phosphate as a zinc, (f 2) as a zinc phosphate, zinc 0.0 4 7% by weight, and (hi) an amine-based antioxidant 0.3 weight ⁰ I of the phenol-based antioxidant (h 2) 0. 2% by weight Was added so that To this, triphenyl phosphate of (el) was added in an amount of 0.5% by mass, and as a fatty acid amide, (gl) coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide became 1.0% by mass. To obtain a continuously variable transmission oil composition. The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. Even after 30 minutes from the start of the test, it not only shows a high coefficient of friction but also has little wear. Furthermore, the friction coefficient at a rotational speed of 140 rpm! Coefficient of friction μ _{3 at} ₄₀ and 30 rpm. The difference between the two is 0.07, which is a negative slope, but the slope is small.

(Example 2)

In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.0% by mass of the calcium phenate of (c3) was added instead of the (cl) calcium phenate of Example 1 and the calcium sulfonate of (c2). To produce a continuously variable transmission oil composition. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. It shows a high coefficient of friction even 30 minutes after the start of the test. Further, the friction coefficient of the rotation number 1 ₄ 0 rpm μ t 4. And friction coefficient μ _{3 at 30} rpm. The difference from this was +0.016, indicating a positive gradient.

(Example 3)

Instead of (el) Application Benefits phenylalanine phosphate Example 1, the (e 2) bird whistle 0 double Ruchiohosufue Ichito. 5 mass ^_0/0 was added, also (g 1) catcher shea oil fatty diethanolamine de Except that the addition amount of was changed to 0.5% by mass. In the same manner as in Example 1, a continuously variable transmission oil composition was prepared. Table 1 shows the results of the L FW-1 test. Even after 30 minutes from the start of the test, it not only shows a high coefficient of friction but also has little wear. Furthermore, the friction coefficient at a rotation speed of 140 rpm; /, ₄₀ and the friction coefficient μ ₃ at a rotation speed of 30 rpm. Although the difference from this is 0.09, which is a negative slope, the slope is small.

(Comparative Example 1)

The base oil of the (al), the Karushiu Musuruhone bets the Porimetatari rate (b) 7. 0 mass ⁰ I, 0.5 weight calcium Hue Natick bets ^{_{(c 1) 0/0,}} (c 2) 0.8 mass ^_0/0, (d 1) a boron-containing succinic San'i Mi de of 2.0 mass ^_0/0, (e 2) of the Application Benefits phenylene Ruchiohosufe preparative 0.5 mass ^_0/0, (f 1) 0. 0 2 1 mass ^_0/0 Arirujichio zinc phosphate as a zinc, '(f 2) Arukirujichio phosphate zinc as a zinc 0.04 7 mass ⁰ /. , And (hi) an amine antioxidant in an amount of 0.3% by mass and (h2) a phenolic antioxidant in an amount of 0.2% by mass to obtain a continuously variable transmission oil composition. Obtained. The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the LF W-1 test. The coefficient of friction 30 minutes after the start of the test shows a high value, and the coefficient of friction at a rotational speed of 140 rpm; ₄ . And the friction coefficient μ ₃ at a rotation speed of 30 rpm. The difference from this is 1.02, and the slope is a negative slope and a large value.

(Comparative Example 2)

The base oil of the (a 2), a polymethacrylic rate (b) 7. 0 mass ⁰ I, calcium Hue Natick preparative 0.5 mass ⁰ / of (c 1). , 0.8 mass Karushiu Musuruhone bets ^{_{(c 2) 0/0,}} (d 1) boron-containing succinic San'i mi de a 2.0 mass ^_0/0, the succinic San'i mi de of (d 2) 1.0 mass ^_0/0, and Arirujichio phosphate zinc and zinc 0.0 7 3 5 wt%, 0.5 wt% of Amin antioxidant及Pi (h 1) of (f 1) So that it becomes The dithiophosphate of (e 3) was added to a concentration of 0.5% by mass to obtain a continuously variable transmission oil composition. The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. The friction coefficient 30 minutes after the start of the test shows a high value and the wear is small, but the friction coefficient μ at a rotation speed of 140 rpm is ₄ . And friction coefficient when the rotation speed 3 0 rpm _3. Is 0.02, and the slope is a negative slope and a large value.

(Comparative Example 3)

In addition to Comparative Example 2 (g 3) except for adding cormorants by the a 0.1 mass ^_0/0 Oreiruamin of was produced in the same manner CVT oil composition as Comparative Example 2. Table 1 shows the results of the LF W-1 test. The friction coefficient 30 minutes after the start of the test was a low value.

(Comparative Example 4)

The base oil of the (a 3), Karushiu Musuruhone of Porimetatari rate (b) 9. 0 Weight ^_0/0, the calcium Hue Natick bets (c 1) 0. 5 wt ^_0/0, (c 2) preparative 0.8 mass ^_0/0, (d 1) boron-containing succinic acid imide to 2.0 wt%, and (h 1) 0. 3 mass ^_0/0 § Mi emissions antioxidant, (h 2) was added Funinoru antioxidant to be 2 mass% 0., this, a tri-phenylalanine phosphate 0.5 mass ^_0/0 become by Uni added the (el) Further, (g 1) coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide was added so as to be 1.0% by mass to obtain a continuously variable transmission oil composition. The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. The coefficient of friction 30 minutes after the start of the test was a low value.

(Comparative Example 5)

The base oil of the (a 3), polymethyl Tatari rates 9.0 mass ^_0/0, the boron-containing succinimide 2.0 mass% of (d 1), Arirujichio phosphorus (f 1) of (b) 0. the zinc as zinc 02 1 mass ^_0/0, 0, as zinc Arukirujichio phosphate zinc (f 2) 047 wt%, and 0.3 mass ^_0/0 Amin antioxidant (hi), was added in an amount of 2 wt% 0.1 Hue Nord antioxidant (h 2), further, The stepless transmission oil composition was obtained by adding 0.5% by mass of the triphenylthiophosphate (e2) and 0.5% by mass of (gl) coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide. The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the L FW-1 test. The coefficient of friction was low 30 minutes after the start of the test.

(Comparative Example 6)

Wherein the base oil (a 4), Karushiu Musuruhone bets 7.0 mass ^_0/0 Porimetatari rate of (b), (c 1) 0. 5 mass ^_0/0 calcium Hue sulfonate of, (c 2) the 0.8 mass ^_0/0, (d 1) boron-containing succinic acid I Mi de a 2.0 mass ^_0/0, 0.0 2 4 mass Arirujichio zinc phosphate as a zinc (f 1) %, (f 2) 0. 04 7 mass ^_0/0 Arukirujichio with phosphate to zinc and zinc, and 0.5 weight amine antioxidant (hi) ⁰ /. Was added to so that Do further, triphenyl phosphate and 0.5 mass ^_0/0 and (g 2) Sorubitanto Rioreeto the added so as to be 0.5 wt% CVT oil composition (el) I got The concentration is a value based on the total amount of continuously variable transmission oil. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. The coefficient of friction 30 minutes after the start of the test was a low value.

(Comparative Example 7)

Wherein the base oil (al), Karushiu Musuruhone of Porimetata re rate (b) 7. 0 Weight ^_0/0, calcium Hue Natick preparative 0.5 mass ^_0/0 (c 1), (c 2 ) preparative 0.8 mass ^_0/0, (d 1) 2. 0 mass ^_0/0 a boron-containing succinic Sani Mi de the, (f 1) Arirujichio phosphate zinc as a zinc 0.0 2 1 % By weight, 0.047% by weight of zinc alkyldithiophosphate (f 2) combined with zinc, 0.3% by weight of amine antioxidant (hi), and phenolic antioxidant (h 2) The agent was added to be 0.2% by mass. To this, the acid dithiophosphate amine salt of (e4) was added so as to have a concentration of 0.5 mass ⁰ /, and further, as a fatty acid amide, (g1) coconut oil and fatty acid diethanolamide was added. Was added so as to be 1.0% by mass to obtain a continuously variable transmission oil composition. Concentration is a value based on a continuously variable transmission and the total amount of oil. Table 1 shows the results of the L FW-1 test. The coefficient of friction was low 30 minutes after the start of the test.

(Comparative Example 8)

Steplessly, in the same manner as in Comparative Example 7 except that 0.5% by mass of the above-mentioned (e5) tributyl phosphate was added instead of the (e4) acid dithiophosphate amide salt of Comparative Example 7 A transmission oil composition was made. Table 1 shows the results of the LFW-1 test. The coefficient of friction 30 minutes after the start of the test was a low value.

Industrial applicability

As described above, when the continuously variable transmission oil composition of the present invention is used, the power transmission loss is small due to the high coefficient of friction, and the wear is small. More particularly high The β-V characteristics can be improved without reducing the friction coefficient at high speeds, and scratch noise can be prevented. As a result, even high-power, large-capacity engines can be suitably used as lubricating oil for belt-type CVTs that transmit the power, and are suitable for automobiles with excellent livability and fuel economy. It can be spread.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. (a) The lubricating base oil contains at least one selected from (b) polymethacrylate, (c) alkaline earth metal phenate and alkaline earth metal sulfonate, ( d) an imido compound, (e) at least one selected from phenylphosphonate, anolequinolefene / rephosphate, phene / rethiophosphate, alkyl thiolthiophosphate, (f) zinc dithiophosphate, and (g) ) A continuously variable transmission oil composition containing a fatty acid amide compound.

2. The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymethacrylate is of a dispersion type, and its blending amount is 5 to 15% by mass based on the continuously variable transmission oil.

3. The alkaline earth metal phenate and the alkaline earth metal sulfonate are at least one selected from calcium salts, magnesium salts, and barium salts, and their amounts are based on the continuously variable transmission oil standard. 3. The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is 0.5 to 3.0% by mass.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the imid compound is succinic acid imid and / or boron-containing succinic acid imid, and the compounding amount thereof is 0.5 to 5.0 mass% based on the continuously variable transmission oil. 4. The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

5. One or more phenyl phosphates, alkyl phenyl phosphates, phenyl / retitiated phosphates, anolequinolefe / reticophosphates, or a total of at least two selected from these are not present. The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is 0.1 to 2.0% by mass based on the stage transmission oil.

6. Dinyl dithiophosphate has an alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms and Z or an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and the amount of zinc added is 0.1% based on the continuously variable transmission oil as zinc. The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amount is from 0.5 to 0.2% by mass.

7. The amount of fatty acid amide compound is 0.1 to 3.

The continuously variable transmission oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is 0% by mass.