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WO1998025134A1 - Chip for monitoring air mercury concentration - Google Patents

Chip for monitoring air mercury concentration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998025134A1
WO1998025134A1 PCT/DE1997/002904 DE9702904W WO9825134A1 WO 1998025134 A1 WO1998025134 A1 WO 1998025134A1 DE 9702904 W DE9702904 W DE 9702904W WO 9825134 A1 WO9825134 A1 WO 9825134A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
web
chip according
chip
air
mercury
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/002904
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hansjoachim Roth
Martin Welp
Original Assignee
Hansjoachim Roth
Martin Welp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1996152412 external-priority patent/DE19652412C1/en
Application filed by Hansjoachim Roth, Martin Welp filed Critical Hansjoachim Roth
Priority to DE19781373T priority Critical patent/DE19781373D2/en
Priority to AU57478/98A priority patent/AU5747898A/en
Publication of WO1998025134A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998025134A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
    • G01N33/0045—Hg
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chip for monitoring the mercury concentration in the air, consisting of an electrically insulating substrate and a web located thereon, the electrical resistance of which changes when exposed to mercury vapor.
  • the chip can e.g. to be worn as a badge by a person or to be at a workplace.
  • the object of the invention is to design the chip mentioned at the outset in such a way that extremely low mercury concentrations can be detected with it.
  • This object is achieved in that the air can act largely unhindered on the web and that the web has a thickness that is a few microns or less.
  • the protective cap is therefore missing in the chip according to the invention.
  • the length of the web and the width are of little or no importance if the teaching according to the invention is observed.
  • the length of the web can be of the order of 10 cm and the width of the web can be 1 mm.
  • Such extreme values may pose certain measurement problems, but are nevertheless suitable for achieving the object of the invention.
  • the thickness of the layer is approximately 100 nm.
  • the thickness should in particular be greater than 10 nm.
  • the course of the path can in itself be arbitrary.
  • it is meandering or spiral.
  • the length of the web is advantageously greater than 50 cm.
  • An advantageous length is approximately 70 cm. On the other hand, it should preferably be less than 10 m.
  • the width of the web should preferably be less than 100 ⁇ m. A favorable value for the width of the web is approx. 75 ⁇ m. The width of the web should expediently be greater than 1 ⁇ m.
  • the area on which the web is located could usefully be 1.3 cm x 1 cm.
  • the substrate could expediently be larger than the area on which the web is located, for example it could be rectangular and have the size: 5.5 cm x 8.5 cm, ie the size of a check card.
  • the chip according to the invention has a thin mercury-permeable membrane on the side on which the web is located, which keeps out disturbing influences, such as atmospheric humidity.
  • This membrane could be polytetrafluoroethylene, for example.
  • the chips exposed to the air in numerous applications are fed to a central station and are measured there automatically, it being expedient if an automatic temperature compensation is carried out.
  • the resistance of the web is a few K ⁇ when the thickness is 50 nm, the width is 75 ⁇ m and the length is 70 cm.
  • the chip according to the invention could also be used to measure the mercury concentration in a matrix other than air.
  • the web is preferably made of a metal that forms an amalgam with mercury, preferably gold, because it is very inert and has the highest affinity for mercury.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a chip for monitoring mercury concentration in the air, comprising an electrically insulating substrate and a strip arranged thereon, whose electrical resistance is changed by the effect of mercury vapor. According to the invention, the air can impinge freely upon the strip to a large extent, and the strip width is thinner than a few νm, thereby enabling detection of extremely low mercury concentrations in the air.

Description

Chip zur Überwachung der Quecksilberkonzentration in der LuftChip for monitoring the concentration of mercury in the air
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Chip zur Überwachung der Quecksilberkonzentration in der Luft, bestehend aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Substrat und einer auf diesem befindlichen Bahn, deren elektrischer Widerstand sich bei Einwirkung von Quecksilberdampf ändert.The invention relates to a chip for monitoring the mercury concentration in the air, consisting of an electrically insulating substrate and a web located thereon, the electrical resistance of which changes when exposed to mercury vapor.
Wird der elektrische Widerstand der Bahn nach einer gewissen Zeit, der der Chip der Luft ausgesetzt war, gemessen, können aus den Meßwerten Rückschlüsse auf die Quecksilberkonzentration in der Luft gezogen werden. Der Chip kann z.B. als Plakette von einer Person getragen werden oder sich an einem Arbeitsplatz befinden.If the electrical resistance of the web is measured after a certain time that the chip has been exposed to air, conclusions can be drawn from the measured values about the mercury concentration in the air. The chip can e.g. to be worn as a badge by a person or to be at a workplace.
Bei einem bekannten Chip dieser Art (DE 22 63 399 C2) ist die Seite des Substrats, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, durch eine Kappe mit Kanälen abgedeckt. Diese Kappe soll den unmittelbaren Aufprall der Umgebungsluft verhindern. Die Dicke der Bahn ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel 0,8 mm. Ein solcher Chip ist nicht in der Lage, extrem geringe Quecksilberkonzentrationen zu erfassen.In a known chip of this type (DE 22 63 399 C2), the side of the substrate on which the web is located is covered by a cap with channels. This cap is intended to prevent the direct impact of the ambient air. The thickness of the web is 0.8 mm in the exemplary embodiment. Such a chip is unable to detect extremely low mercury concentrations.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den eingangs erwähnten Chip derart auszubilden, daß mit ihm extrem geringe Quecksilberkonzentrationen erfaßbar sind.The object of the invention is to design the chip mentioned at the outset in such a way that extremely low mercury concentrations can be detected with it.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Luft weitgehend ungehindert die Bahn beaufschlagen kann und daß die Bahn eine Dicke hat, die wenige μm oder kleiner ist.This object is achieved in that the air can act largely unhindered on the web and that the web has a thickness that is a few microns or less.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Chip fehlt also die Schutzkappe. Dieser Sachverhalt und die sehr geringe Dicke der Bahn, die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen wird, führen dazu, daß man noch sehr geringe Quecksilberkonzentrationen (qualitativ und quantitativ) erfassen kann.The protective cap is therefore missing in the chip according to the invention. This fact and the very small thickness of the web, which is proposed according to the invention, lead to the fact that very low mercury concentrations (qualitative and quantitative) can still be recorded.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß es bei Beachtung der Lehre gemäß der Erfindung auf die Länge der Bahn wie auch auf die Breite nicht oder kaum ankommt. So kann die Länge der Bahn durchaus größenordnungsmäßig im Bereich von 10 cm und die Breite der Bahn bei 1 mm liegen. Solche Extremwerte mögen gewisse meßtechnische Probleme aufwerfen, sind aber dennoch geeignet, die Aufgabe der Erfindung zu lösen.It has been found that the length of the web and the width are of little or no importance if the teaching according to the invention is observed. For example, the length of the web can be of the order of 10 cm and the width of the web can be 1 mm. Such extreme values may pose certain measurement problems, but are nevertheless suitable for achieving the object of the invention.
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die Dicke der Schicht ca. 100 nm ist. Die Dicke sollte insbesondere größer als 10 nm sein.It is expedient if the thickness of the layer is approximately 100 nm. The thickness should in particular be greater than 10 nm.
Der Verlauf der Bahn kann an sich beliebig sein. Vorteilhaf erweise ist er mäanderförmig oder spiralförmig.The course of the path can in itself be arbitrary. Advantageously, it is meandering or spiral.
Die Länge der Bahn ist zweckmäßigerweise größer als 50 cm. Eine vorteilhafte Länge ist ca. 70 cm. Sie sollte andererseits vorzugsweise kleiner als 10 m sein.The length of the web is advantageously greater than 50 cm. An advantageous length is approximately 70 cm. On the other hand, it should preferably be less than 10 m.
Die Breite der Bahn sollte vorzugsweise kleiner als 100 μm sein. Ein günstiger Wert für die Breite der Bahn ist ca. 75 μm. Zweckmäißgerweise sollte die Breite der Bahn größer als 1 μm sein.The width of the web should preferably be less than 100 μm. A favorable value for the width of the web is approx. 75 μm. The width of the web should expediently be greater than 1 μm.
Die Fläche, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, könnte zweckmäßigerweise 1,3 cm x 1 cm sein.The area on which the web is located could usefully be 1.3 cm x 1 cm.
Das Substrat könnte zweckmäßigerweise größer als die Fläche sein, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, z.B. könnte sie rechteckig sein und die Größe: 5,5 cm x 8,5 cm haben, also die Größe einer Scheckkarte haben. Weiterhin ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der erfindungsgemäße Chip auf der Seite, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, eine dünne quecksilberdurchlässige Membran aufweist, die Störeinflüsse, wie Luftfeuchtigkeit, abhält. Diese Membran könnte beispielsweise Polytetrafluorethylen sein.The substrate could expediently be larger than the area on which the web is located, for example it could be rectangular and have the size: 5.5 cm x 8.5 cm, ie the size of a check card. Furthermore, it is expedient if the chip according to the invention has a thin mercury-permeable membrane on the side on which the web is located, which keeps out disturbing influences, such as atmospheric humidity. This membrane could be polytetrafluoroethylene, for example.
Sodann wird vorgeschlagen, daß die der Luft ausgesetzten Chips zahlreicher Einsatzfälle einer Zentralstation zugeführt werden und dort automatisch durchgemessen werden, wobei es zweckmäßig ist, wenn eine automatische Temperatur -Kompensation vorgenommen wird.Then it is proposed that the chips exposed to the air in numerous applications are fed to a central station and are measured there automatically, it being expedient if an automatic temperature compensation is carried out.
Der Widerstand der Bahn liegt, wenn die Dicke 50nm, die Breite 75 μm und die Länge 70 cm ist, bei einigen KΩ .The resistance of the web is a few KΩ when the thickness is 50 nm, the width is 75 μm and the length is 70 cm.
Die Herstellung solcher Bahnen ist im Wege der Mikrosy- stemtechnik möglich.The manufacture of such webs is possible using microsystem technology.
Natürlich könnte der erfindungsgemäße Chip auch zur Messung der Quecksilberkonzentration in einer anderen Matrix als Luft verwendet werden.Of course, the chip according to the invention could also be used to measure the mercury concentration in a matrix other than air.
Die Bahn besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Metall, das mit Quecksilber ein Amalgam bildet, vorzugsweise aus Gold, weil dieses sehr inert ist und die höchste Affinität zu Quecksilber hat. The web is preferably made of a metal that forms an amalgam with mercury, preferably gold, because it is very inert and has the highest affinity for mercury.

Claims

Ansprüche: Expectations:
1. Chip zur Überwachung der Quecksilberkonzentration in der Luft, bestehend aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Substrat und einer auf diesem befindlichen Bahn, deren elektrischer Widerstand sich bei Einwirkung von Quecksilberdampf ändert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luft weitgehend ungehindert die Bahn beaufschlagen kann und daß die Bahn eine Dicke hat, die wenige μm oder kleiner ist.1. Chip for monitoring the mercury concentration in the air, consisting of an electrically insulating substrate and a web located thereon, the electrical resistance of which changes when exposed to mercury vapor, characterized in that the air can act largely unhindered on the web and that the web has a thickness that is a few μm or less.
2. Chip nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Schicht ca. 100 nm ist.2. Chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the layer is approximately 100 nm.
3. Chip nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Schicht größer als ca. 10 nm ist.3. Chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the layer is greater than about 10 nm.
4. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bahn mäande förmig verläuft.4. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the web is meandering.
5. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bahn spiralförmig verläuft.5. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the path is spiral.
6. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Bahn größer als ca. 50 cm ist.6. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the length of the web is greater than about 50 cm.
7. Chip nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Bahn ca. 70 cm ist.7. Chip according to claim 6, characterized in that the length of the web is approximately 70 cm.
8. Chip nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Bahn kleiner als 10 m ist.8. Chip according to claim 6, characterized in that the length of the web is less than 10 m.
9. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite der Bahn kleiner als 100 μm ist . 9. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the width of the web is less than 100 microns.
10. Chip nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite der Bahn ca. 75 μm ist.10. Chip according to claim 9, characterized in that the width of the web is approximately 75 microns.
11. Chip nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite der Bahn größer als ca. 1 μm ist.11. Chip according to claim 9, characterized in that the width of the web is greater than about 1 micron.
12. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, im Bereich von etwa 1,3 cm x etwa 1 cm liegt.12. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the area on which the web is located is in the range of about 1.3 cm x about 1 cm.
13. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Substrat größer als die Fläche ist, auf der sich die Bahn befindet.13. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the substrate is larger than the area on which the web is located.
14. Chip nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Substrat eine rechteckige Form hat und im Bereich von 5,5 cm x 8,5 cm liegt, d.h. Scheckkartenformat hat.14. Chip according to claim 13, characterized in that the substrate has a rectangular shape and is in the range of 5.5 cm x 8.5 cm, i.e. Credit card format.
15. Chip nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser auf der Seite, auf der sich die Bahn befindet, eine dünne quecksilberdurchlässige Membran aufweist, die Störeinflüsse, wie Luftfeuchtigkeit, abhält.15. Chip according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has a thin mercury-permeable membrane on the side on which the web is located, which prevents interference, such as air humidity.
16. Chip nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Membran aus Polytetrafluoräthylen od.dgl. besteht.16. Chip according to claim 15, characterized in that the membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene or the like. consists.
17. Verfahren zum Auswerten der Chips gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die der Luft ausgesetzten Chips zahlreicher Einsatzfälle einer Zentralstation zugeführt werden und dort automatisch durchgemessen werden.17. A method for evaluating the chips according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the chips exposed to the air are fed to numerous uses of a central station and are measured there automatically.
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine automatische Temperatur -Kompensation vorgenommen wird. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that an automatic temperature compensation is carried out.
PCT/DE1997/002904 1996-12-06 1997-12-05 Chip for monitoring air mercury concentration WO1998025134A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19781373T DE19781373D2 (en) 1996-12-06 1997-12-05 Chip for monitoring the concentration of mercury in the air
AU57478/98A AU5747898A (en) 1996-12-06 1997-12-05 Chip for monitoring air mercury concentration

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996152412 DE19652412C1 (en) 1996-12-06 1996-12-06 Chip for monitoring mercury concentration in air
DE19652412.1 1996-12-06
DE1997141697 DE19741697C2 (en) 1996-12-06 1997-09-18 Chip for monitoring the concentration of mercury in the air
DE19741697.7 1997-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998025134A1 true WO1998025134A1 (en) 1998-06-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1997/002904 WO1998025134A1 (en) 1996-12-06 1997-12-05 Chip for monitoring air mercury concentration

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5747898A (en)
DE (2) DE19741697C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998025134A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3714562A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-01-30 Selco Mining Corp Ltd Method and apparatus for the detection of selected components in fluids
DE2263399A1 (en) * 1971-12-22 1973-06-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg DEVICE FOR MEASURING INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF MERCURY IN THE AIR AND OTHER GASES
US3950980A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Vapor sampling device
GB2005016A (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-11 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Monitoring device
WO1991002242A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Charbonnages De France Self-supporting thin-film filament detector, process for its manufacture and its applications to gas detection and gas chromatography

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3714562A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-01-30 Selco Mining Corp Ltd Method and apparatus for the detection of selected components in fluids
DE2263399A1 (en) * 1971-12-22 1973-06-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg DEVICE FOR MEASURING INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF MERCURY IN THE AIR AND OTHER GASES
US3950980A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Vapor sampling device
GB2005016A (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-11 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Monitoring device
WO1991002242A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Charbonnages De France Self-supporting thin-film filament detector, process for its manufacture and its applications to gas detection and gas chromatography

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
C. BATTISTONI ET AL.: "Interaction of mercury vapour with thin films of gold", APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, vol. 103, no. 2, October 1996 (1996-10-01), NL, pages 107 - 111, XP002061342 *
C. MAIN ET AL.: "A compact mercury vapour concentration meter", JOURNAL OF PHYSICS E. SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS., vol. 11, no. 11, November 1978 (1978-11-01), BRISTOL GB, pages 1123 - 1124, XP002061341 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5747898A (en) 1998-06-29
DE19781373D2 (en) 1999-11-11
DE19741697C2 (en) 2002-02-21
DE19741697A1 (en) 1999-04-01

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