WO1995001104A1

WO1995001104A1 - Feed additive of tea origin and animal feed containing the same

Info

Publication number: WO1995001104A1
Application number: PCT/JP1994/001037
Authority: WO
Inventors: Noriyuki Ishihara; Souichi Mamiya; Shigemitsu Akachi; Noriko Tsuji; Senji Sakanaka; Izumi Ozeki; Ken Tsuda
Original assignee: Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1993-06-30
Filing date: 1994-06-27
Publication date: 1995-01-12
Also published as: AU6983994A

Abstract

An animal feed additive comprising tea extracts, an animal feed additive containing tea leaf fibers as the active ingredient, and an animal feed containing these additives. The tea extracts of the invention are remarkably efficacious in preventing and treating both of noninfectious and infectious diarrheas of domestic animal, poultry and pet, improving raw milk quality, increasing milk quantity, and enhancing breeding efficiency. The tea leaf fibers of the invention have the effects of promoting the control of intestinal functions of domestic animals, relieving diarrhea, increasing milk yield, improving feed efficiency, and deodorizing excreta.

Description

Specification

Tea-derived feed additive and animal feed comprising the same

Technical field

The present invention relates to a feed additive derived from tea and an animal feed comprising the same. For more information,

1) Non-infectious diarrhea caused by sudden changes in the environment of livestock, poultry, companion animals, etc., changes in feed composition, inadequate feeding management, or infectious diarrhea induced by pathogens such as viruses or bacteria. Feed additives and animal feeds derived from tea extracts useful for preventing and treating

2) feed additives and animal feed derived from tea extract, which are useful for improving milk quality and increasing milk yield of raw milk produced by livestock;

3) Feed additives and animal feed derived from tea extracts useful for improving the reproduction rate of animals such as livestock and poultry, and

4) A tea leaf-derived feed additive that promotes the intestinal action of animals such as livestock and poultry, reduces the occurrence of diarrhea, increases the amount of milking, improves feed efficiency, and eliminates the odor of feces and urine from animals. Animal feed,

About. Background art

Livestock and poultry diarrhea is a serious problem in livestock management. For example, in the case of cattle, digestive diseases such as diarrhea that occur in cattle during the lactation and rearing periods are not only fatal due to this, but also have a major effect on physical exhaustion and subsequent growth of healthy internal organs. Is an important issue to give (Kazunori Hashimoto, Beef Cattle Journal, Vol. 5 , No. 11, 38 (1988). In fact, the incidence of gastrointestinal illness, mainly due to diarrhea during lactation, in beef cattle breeding is 13.3% (Akio Nakane, Livestock Research, Vol. 33, No. 1, 37 (19779)). The mortality rate of dairy cattle during lactation and breeding has reached 11.9%, mainly due to diarrhea and pneumonia (Hiroyuki Tojo et al., Livestock Research, Vol. 4). 0, No. 1, 51, (1966)). In addition, in the case of adult cattle, when diarrhea occurs, the loss of milk yield, milk quality, and meat quality is observed due to reduced feed efficiency without death, resulting in a large loss of profit.

The same can be said for pigs or pets. In general, it is a common breeding method that mothers and children are separated and raised immediately after birth, and these primary animals have extremely low antigenicity. In addition, since the intestinal flora is not formed, colonization of pathogenic bacteria is easy, and resistance to various stresses is weak.These interact and cause diarrhea, resulting in extremely high mortality and death. Even if they escape, they can have a significant effect on subsequent growth, leading to poor growth.

The same is true for chickens.Diarrheal chicks generally have poor growth, lose weight, increase the range of weight fluctuation, adversely affect subsequent productivity, and decrease the commercialization rate in broilers and the egg production rate in laying hens. Is a factor. It is also known that the antibody viability after vaccination decreases.

By the way, the cause of these diarrhea is very complicated and cross-trimming. 1F-A, Cross-Stream P.F.-C, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella tabulin, Campylobacter Jeju 21, Campylobacter coli, Escherichia coli 0-88, Escherichia coli 0-9 9, Escherichia coli 9887P, Staphylococcus oleus, oral virus KK-1 3, oral Evening virus Pathogenic bacteria such as NCDV, toxins produced by diarrhea virus, or infectious diarrhea caused by changes in intestinal flora caused by infection, as well as stress given to livestock, poultry and pets Many non-infectious diarrhea such as diarrhea of unknown cause that do not involve infectious microorganisms, such as stress diarrhea occurring in Japan, have occurred.

It is known that the causes of stress in livestock, poultry, and companion animals are three factors: environmental changes, nutritional status changes, and psychological changes. For example, there are various causes of stress, such as overcrowding, lack of exercise, inadequate barn hygiene due to lack of labor, changes in feed composition due to parturition, and long distance transport during weaning.

Furthermore, it is natural for postnatal primary animals to grow for a period of time under the care of their mother. However, for the purpose of improving productivity or economy in livestock management, it has become common practice to separate mothers and babies immediately after birth, except for beef cattle in general, for rearing. Most of the primary animals separated from their mothers are collected at nursing facilities around one week after birth, and are bred collectively. At this time, the early-born animals have very low antigenicity, and since the intestinal flora is not formed, colonization of pathogenic bacteria becomes easy, and resistance to various stresses is weak. It is thought that diarrhea easily occurs when working together.

Conventionally, the prevention or treatment of infectious diarrhea has been an effective means of administering antibiotics to livestock, poultry and pets, but the types and amounts of antibiotics that can be used safely are limited. However, the emergence and resistance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have led to questions about their effectiveness. As an alternative, various natural antibacterial substances have come to be used, and it has been disclosed that the tea extract has an anti-infective microbial activity or a virus activity (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 12-265203). No., JP-A-2-277652). However, when the tea extract alone is used for infectious diarrhea or when a feed containing the same is used, the effect is weak, and practical use is questioned. In addition, when a specific antibody is used alone, there are actually various types of pathogenic microorganisms, and due to these specificities, a diarrhea-preventing effect cannot be expected, but only a therapeutic effect. Not practically effective.

—On the other hand, for prevention and treatment of non-infectious diarrhea, a sufficient amount of colostrum should be fed to newborn animals after birth. In addition, when stress occurs in animals, the intestinal flora changes as a result, for example, resulting in an environment that is more susceptible to infection by infectious microorganisms. Oligosaccharides have been used. However, these methods are only coping. In addition, the probiotic agent and the oligosaccharide have a problem in the cyclability of the effect. To prevent stress, there are several methods to prevent the pig from feeling bored, such as hanging an iron chain or old tires inside the pig's tress and allowing the pig to bite it freely. There is a method of disturbing boring by placing the pigs in their bunches and biting them. However, this is a passive prevention method and the types of livestock, poultry and pets are limited. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-1 7469 discloses a composition for adapting livestock to reduce stress, but does not expect to suppress non-infectious diarrhea. The same applies to the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-7045-8. The method of parentheses is limited to the breeding time and environment. Under these circumstances, no effective feed additive or animal feed containing the same has been found at present, which suppresses the occurrence of non-infectious diarrhea in livestock, poultry and pets.

In addition, raw milk produced by livestock is ranked and traded in terms of milk fat percentage, non-fat solids percentage, cell number, and milk protein percentage. For example, A In the case of rank raw milk, it is required that the milk fat ratio is 3.5% or more, the non-fat solid content ratio is 8.5 or more, the number of cells is 300,000 or less, and the milk protein ratio is 3.0% or more. If one of these figures is not reached, normal transactions will not be made, and raw milk that does not achieve the figures will be penalized. In other words, in order to be certified as A-rank raw milk, it is necessary that the percentage of milk fat, the percentage of non-fat solids, the number of cells, and the percentage of milk protein show certain values. For this reason, reduced milk quality has resulted in significant economic losses for dairy farmers. The same can be said for a decrease in milk yield, which leads to an economic loss due to a decrease in productivity.

For these reasons, attempts have been made to improve milk quality and increase milk yield, mainly concentrated feed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2-145,154 and 2-2886). 0 4 7).

However, the expected effect is not sufficient with the measures by the above method, and further improvement measures are currently desired.

Regarding the reproductive rate, for example, in the case of dairy cows, when the individual's milk production is increased, mismanagement of breeding management can quickly cause breeding problems for dairy cows. This can cause reproductive harm to large numbers of cattle in a short period of time. However, at present, there are no effective treatments or effective preventive measures for reproductive disorders (Livestock Research Vol. 44, No. 10, 1143-1149 (1990) Toshihiko Nakao).

In addition, livestock such as dairy cows, beef cattle, pigs, and chickens have been increasingly used in recent years and tend to increase the economic effect by providing concentrated feed as described above in order to improve productivity. The burden on the gastrointestinal tract is greater than that of raw feed, causing problems such as reduced livestock growth, reduced milk production, and deterioration of meat quality.

In addition, as described above, stresses such as stress are required to consolidate the breeding environment. For this reason, the chances of developing bacterial or viral diarrhea also increase, causing problems in the maintenance of stables, causing serious problems for the industry. In addition, the administration of antibiotics and powerful antibacterial agents against diseases has many problems, such as disrupting the digestive tract and intestinal microflora of livestock and inducing new diseases.In addition, the use of these drugs in milk and meat is problematic. There are concerns about residual products, such as a decrease in product value and safety concerns.

—On the other hand, the smell of manure generated from the barn has a large effect on the surrounding environment, especially with diarrheal stool, which is a serious problem, such as causing odor pollution. There is no effective solution to improve. Disclosure of the invention

In view of the situation described above, the present inventors have determined that (1) feed additives and animal feeds that are effective against non-infectious and infectious diarrhea in livestock, poultry, and pet animals; 2) Feed additives and animal feeds that show the effects of improving milk quality and increasing milk yield of raw milk produced by livestock. (3) Feed additives and animals that show the effect of improving the reproduction rate of animals such as livestock and poultry. And (4) feed additives and animal feeds that promote the intestinal action of animals, reduce the occurrence of diarrhea, increase the amount of milking, improve feed efficiency, and eliminate the odor of feces and urine. Diligently studied.

As a result, they have found the following points, and have completed the present invention.

(1) Polyphenolic compounds in tea extract (+)-force techin, (+)-gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate, (1) -epicatechin, (1) -epicatechin gallate, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate, free theafla The use of ninnins such as bottles, theaflavin monogallate 8, theaflavin monogallet B, and theaflavin digallate in the feed is effective against non-infectious diarrhea. Alternatively, when a specific antibody against a virus or a specific antibody against a toxin produced by the virus is added to the feed together with the polyphenol compound, the infectious diarrhea is higher than when the polyphenol compound is used alone. To exert an excellent effect on

(2) that when the polyphenol compound is added to a feed and used, it shows an effect of improving milk quality and an effect of increasing milk yield of raw milk produced by livestock;

(3) When the polyfunol compound is added to feed and used, it shows an effect of improving the reproduction rate of animals such as livestock and poultry; and

(4) If tea leaves obtained by extracting and removing soluble components from tea leaves using water, alcohol, acetate, or a mixture thereof are added to the feed and used, the intestinal action of animals can be reduced. Acceleration, reduction of diarrhea episodes, increase of milking volume, improvement of feed efficiency, and elimination of odor in animal feces and urine.

That is, the gist of the present invention lies in the following points.

(1) an animal feed additive comprising an extract of tea,

(2) The animal feed additive according to (1), wherein the tea is green tea, oolong tea or black tea,

(3) The animal feed additive according to (1), wherein the tea extract is obtained by extracting tea leaves with water, alcohol, and / or ethyl acetate.

(4) The animal feed additive according to (1), wherein the tea extract contains a polyphenol compound,

(5) The animal feed additive according to (4), wherein the content of the polyphenol compound is 5 to 80%, (6) Polyphenol compounds are (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate, (1) -eppicatechin,

(1) one epicatechin gallate, (1) one epigallocatechin gallate, (1) one epigallocatechin gallate, free theaflavin, theaflavin monogallate 8, eight theaflavin monogallate B, and theaflavin digallate The animal feed additive according to the above (4), comprising one or more selected compounds.

(7) The content of each polyfunol compound in the polyfunol compound is (+)-catechin 0.2 to 6.5%, (+)-gallocatechin 2.0

-18.0%, (1) -gallocatechin gallate 1.0-15.0%, (1) eppicatechin 0.5-10.0%, (1) 1-epicatechin gallate 0.3- 8.0%, (1) -epigallocatechin 2.0-18.0%, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 3.0-21.0%, free theaflavin 0-2 The animal feed according to the above (6), which is 0.0%, theaflavin monogallate A 0 to 5.0%, theaflavin monogallet B 0 to 5.0%, and theaflavin digallate 0 to 5.0%. Additive,

(8) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to any one of (1) to (7) above, which is used for prevention or treatment of diarrhea;

(9) The animal feed according to (8), wherein the diarrhea is non-infectious diarrhea.

(10) The animal feed according to (9), wherein the non-infectious diarrhea is stress diarrhea or unexplained diarrhea not involving infectious microorganisms.

(11) The animal feed according to the above (8), further comprising a specific antibody against an infectious microorganism or virus, or a toxin produced by the infectious microorganism or virus.

(12) The specific antibody is an infectious microorganism or virus, or The animal feed according to the above (11), which is a chicken egg antibody obtained from eggs of laying hens hyperimmunized with a toxin produced by them.

(13) The animal feed according to the above (11), wherein the specific antibody is a milk antibody obtained from milk of a mammal hyperimmunized with an infectious microorganism or virus or a toxin produced thereby.

(14) The amount of the specific antibody was 1

The animal feed according to the above (11), wherein the animal feed having an antibody titer of 5 times or more is prepared so as to have a dose of 11118 _< 1 ^ g or more of body weight.

(15) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to any one of the above (1) to (7), which is used for increasing milk yield.

(16) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to any one of (1) to (7), which is used for improving milk quality.

(17) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive as described in any one of (1) to (7) above, which is used for improving the reproduction rate of animals.

(18) An animal feed additive comprising, as an active ingredient, a tea leaf fiber obtained by removing water, alcohol, acetone, or a soluble component extracted from a mixture thereof from tea leaves,

(19) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to (18), which is used for improving intestinal flora,

(20) An animal feed comprising the additive for animal feed according to the above (18), which is used for elimination of malodor.

(21) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to (18), which is used for improving feed efficiency,

(22) The animal feed according to any one of (8 :) to (17). (19) to (21), wherein the animal is a domestic animal, poultry, or a companion animal.

(23) Tea leaves 30-95, 0.5-7 hours, water, alcohol and The method for producing an animal feed additive according to any one of the above (1) to (7), comprising extracting the extract with Z or Z or ethyl acetate, and spray-drying the obtained extract.

(24) 30-95 tea leaves. C, for 0.5 to 7 hours, extracted with water, alcohol and / or ethyl acetate, and the obtained extract was concentrated with an ultrafiltration membrane having a cut-off molecular weight of 300 to 600, then The method for producing an animal feed additive according to any one of the above (1) to (7), comprising concentrating with a reverse osmosis membrane.

(25) The method comprising extracting tea leaves for 30 to 95, extracting them with water and / or alcohol for 0.5 to 7 hours, and further removing the ethyl acetate layer obtained by partitioning with ethyl acetate. 1) The method for producing an animal feed additive according to any one of (7) to (7),

(26) (—) Animal feed additive containing epigallocatechin gallate as an active ingredient,

(27) An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to the above (26). BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a feed additive derived from tea and an animal feed comprising the same. This includes a method using a tea extract and a method using a tea extraction residue.

First, an embodiment using a tea extract will be described. The tea extract used in the present invention refers to a tea extract containing the following polyphenol compound, which is extracted from tea leaves using a solvent such as water, alcohol, or ethyl acetate.

The polyphenol compound in the present invention is (+)-force techin, (+)-gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate, (1) -g Picatechin, (1) epigallocatechin, (1) epigallocatechin, (1) epigallocatechin gallate, free theaflavin

Tannins such as theaflavin monogallate A, theaflavin monogallet B, and theaflavin digallate.

The above-mentioned polyphenol compound is preferably a component of a hot water extract of tea such as green tea, black tea, and oolong tea.Ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of tea water or alcohol extract or an ultrafiltration membrane and reverse osmosis It can also be obtained by membrane treatment. The method for extracting such a polyphenol compound from tea is not particularly limited, and for example, the method described below can be used.

For example, add a solvent to tea and stir. Next, the solution and the residue are separated, and the obtained solution is dried to obtain the desired polyphenol compound. Here, the tea may be used in a crushed state or in a non-ground state. The solvent to be used is not particularly limited, and water, ethanol, acetone, and the like can be used. These may be used alone, or may be used in a mixture at an arbitrary ratio. The solvent may be the previously warmed (3 0~ 9 5 ° C) , may be heated in a stirred ^{(3 0~ 9 5 e C)} . The stirring time may be in the range of 30 minutes to 7 hours. If the length is shorter than this range, the extraction efficiency is poor. If the length is longer than this range, the corresponding effect cannot be obtained. The separated solution may be dried as it is, or may be dried after being concentrated. As a drying method, a commonly used method such as spray drying, freeze drying and hot air drying may be used. Concentration can be performed using an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane. These may be used alone or in combination. Further, by redistributing the obtained extract, the purity of the polyphenol compound can be increased. At this time, in the system of water ethyl acetate Partitioning is preferred, and the polyphenols are concentrated in the ethyl acetate fraction.

More specifically, for example, (1) tea leaves are extracted with water, alcohol and / or ethyl acetate for 30 to 95, 0.5 to 7 hours, and the obtained extract is spray-dried, (2) Tea leaves are extracted with water, alcohol and / or ethyl acetate for 30 to 95 hours and 0.5 to 7 hours, and the resulting extract is subjected to ultrafiltration with a cut-off molecular weight of 300 to 600. Concentrate with a membrane and then with a reverse osmosis membrane. (3) Extract tea leaves for 30 to 95, 0.5 to 7 hours with water and ethanol or alcohol, and partition with ethyl acetate Examples of the method include removing the obtained ethyl acetate layer.

The tea extract thus obtained usually contains two or more kinds of polyphenol compounds.In the present invention, these polyphenol compounds may be isolated and used alone. Alternatively, they may be used as a mixture of two or more. Further, the extract thus obtained may be used as it is as a crude extract containing a polyphenol compound. When a specific polyphenol compound is used alone, the compound is not particularly limited, and any of the polyphenol compounds in the present invention may be used. It is preferable to use gallocatechin gallate. In this case, the compound is not limited to a tea-derived compound. That is, the compound may be derived from other organisms, for example, persimmon shibu or a chemically synthesized product.

The method for isolating the compound is not particularly limited, and a general method may be used. For example, it can be isolated by dissolving a tea extract in ethyl acetate or the above-mentioned ethyl acetate fraction by silica gel chromatography and eluting with a suitable solvent. Then, even higher purity compounds can be obtained by using HPLC.

The animal feed additive of the present invention refers to one containing a polyphenol compound derived from the tea extract thus obtained, and the content of the polyphenol compound contained in the animal feed additive of the present invention. Is usually 5 to 80%, preferably 10 to 50%, and more preferably 20 to 35%. Here, the content of each polyphenol compound in the animal feed additive is as follows: (+)-0.2-6.5% of force techin, (+)-2.0-18.0% of garoka techin, (1) -Gallocatechin gallate 1.0 to 15.0%, (1) -Epicatechin 0.5 to 10.0%, (1) -Epicatechin gallate 0.3 to 8.0%, (1) -epigallocatechin 2.0 to 18.0%, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 3.0 to 21.0%, free theaflavin 0 to 20.0%, theaflavin monogallate AO 5.5.0%, theaflavin monogallate B 0 5.5.0% and theaflavin digallate 0〜5.0%.

This polyfunol compound is contained in a large amount as a component of tea, and is effective in preventing caries, hyperlipidemia, cancer, and the like. Its safety is very high because it is already used in food.

The animal feed additive of the present invention is administered to livestock, poultry, and companion animals as a feed containing the polyphenol compound by being added to the animal feed.

Feed is provided to livestock for the purpose of supplying nutrients, and is generally classified into roughage, concentrated feed, and specialty feed. The feed to which the feed additive of the present invention is to be added is not particularly limited, but generally high-protein, high-energy concentrated feed is commonly used in livestock. When given in an amount, diarrhea is particularly likely to occur. Therefore, it is desirable to add the feed additive of the present invention to such a concentrated feed. This means that the feed additive of the present invention contains a polyphenol compound, and it is also known that these compounds have an antioxidant effect, and from the viewpoint of the antioxidant effect of fat components. Should also be added to concentrated feed. When the feed additive of the present invention is added to the feed, it may be added together with the ingredients of the feed at the time of mixing the feed in advance, or may be added together at the time of feeding the feed to livestock without any problem. The method and timing of addition are not particularly limited. There is no particular problem when used in combination with other feed additives such as probiotic agents and antibiotics.

The amount of the animal feed additive added to the animal feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is appropriately adjusted.

In the present specification, livestock and poultry are, for example, red sea lions, bushes, poma, goats, hidge, foxes, mink, nits, turkeys, ducks, zebras, guinea fowls, ducklings, and wild birds. , Geese, pigeons and other animals bred for industrial purposes, and beloved animals are animals bred for personal tastes such as dogs and cats.

The animal feed additive of the present invention and the animal feed containing the same can be used for non-infection caused by sudden changes in the environment of livestock, poultry, companion animals, etc., changes in feed composition, and inaccuracies in breeding management. It is useful for preventing and treating sexually transmitted diarrhea or infectious diarrhea induced by pathogens such as viruses or bacteria.

In the present invention, non-infectious diarrhea refers to stress-induced diarrhea caused by stress given to livestock, poultry, and companion animals, or unexplained diarrhea not involving infectious microorganisms. Infectious diarrhea refers to diarrhea caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses. You.

In the present invention, the dose for livestock, poultry, and pets for obtaining the effect of suppressing non-infectious diarrhea is usually 0.5 to 50 mg / kg of body weight per day in terms of polyphenol compound. Preferably it is between 2 and 20 m body weight kg. When the dose is lower than 0.5 mgZ kg body weight, the effect of suppressing non-infectious diarrhea cannot be expected, and when the dose exceeds 50 mgZ kg body weight, the antibacterial action of the polyphenol compound is not expected. Therefore, it also has an effect on the gut microbes that exist in livestock, poultry and pets. In addition, (1) When iso-epigallocatechin gallate is used after isolation or the like, it is usually 0.03 to 5 mg / kg of body weight per day, more preferably 0.1 to 3 mg / kg of body weight. .

On the other hand, in order to expect the effect of suppressing infectious diarrhea, the dose when used in combination with a specific antibody is usually 0.3 to 25 per day as a polyphenol compound. mg / kg body weight, more preferably 2 to 15 mg gZ body weight kg. If the dose is less than 0.3 m body weight kg, the effect of suppressing infectious diarrhea cannot be expected. The polyphenol compound can be represented by the amount of tannin determined by the official tannin analysis method (Chakenho V 01.71, 43-74 (1990)).

The specific antibody in the present invention refers to an antibody that specifically binds to infectious microorganisms or viruses of livestock, poultry and pets, or toxins produced by these. Examples of the type of antibody include egg antibodies obtained from eggs of laying hens hyperimmunized with infectious microorganisms or viruses of livestock, poultry and companion animals, or toxins produced by them, and milk antibodies obtained from milk of mammals Say etc. The antibody purity is not limited. That is, the antibody may be pure or chicken The egg antibody is not particularly limited, but may be whole egg, egg yolk, whole egg solution, egg yolk solution, whole egg powder, egg yolk powder or a powder of a water-soluble protein fraction of egg yolk containing the egg antibody. Also, the case of milk antibody is not particularly limited, but may be whole fat milk powder, skim milk powder or whey protein powder containing it.

Infectious microorganisms in livestock, poultry, and pets are not particularly limited, but include, for example, Clostridium perfringens A, Clostridium perfringens C, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella. Evening Blind, Campylopactor Jeju 21, Campylopactor Collie, E. coli 0-88, E. coli 0-99, E. coli 9887P, Staphylococcus oleus, Rotavirus KK-3, Oral virus NCDV Pathogenic bacteria and diarrhea virus. The animal that is hyperimmunized with the microorganism or the toxin produced by the microorganism may be any animal that can produce a specific antibody against the microorganism or the toxin. Livestock, poultry, and pets, which are the objects of the present invention, may be used. From the practical point of view of antibodies against infectious microorganisms in animals and the application of this antibody composition, laying hens or mammals such as cows, goats and sheep, which can produce large amounts of specific antibodies, are particularly desirable. Among them, a method of immunizing a laying hen with the microorganism or a toxin produced by the microorganism and obtaining an antibody from the hen egg from the viewpoints of hyperimmunity workability, antibody production ability, and animal breeding cost. Most preferred.

One method of hyperimmunizing laying hens is to raise specific antibodies in hen eggs by repeatedly immunizing laying hens with the above-mentioned microorganisms or viruses from livestock, poultry and pets, or toxins produced by them. It is good to add. Methods for hyperimmunizing mammals include cattle and cattle. It is advisable to increase the amount of specific antibodies in milk by repeatedly immunizing animals such as giants and sheep with the antigen.

The antigen used in this case may be prepared by a known method. For example, after infectious microorganisms of livestock, poultry, and companion animals are cultured in large amounts, attenuated or inactivated by a known method, and used as an antigen.

As a method for immunizing a laying hen or mammal with an antigen, any method such as intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection or oral immunization by drinking water may be used.

The immunization of the antigen is repeated until the antibody titer reaches the maximum value, while examining the specific antibody titer appearing in chicken eggs or milk by a method such as enzyme immunoassay. The antibody titer can be maintained at a certain level or more throughout the laying period or the period of colostrum secretion by repeatedly immunizing a laying hen or mammal with an antigen at appropriate intervals. .

The amount of antigen to be immunized depends on the type of animal to be immunized, the type of antigen, etc., so it is necessary to select it in a timely preliminary test, etc. As the virus amount, 10 g to 1 mg Z feathers The antigen amount of Z times is selected.

A specific antibody is prepared by immunizing a laying hen or mammal with an infectious disease microorganism of livestock, poultry, and companion animals or a toxin produced thereby as an antigen, and then hen eggs or chicken eggs containing a specific antibody against the antigen. This can be done by collecting milk.

When using chicken eggs, whole eggs or egg yolks are separated after egg breaking, homogenized with a homogenizer, etc., sterilized, and whole eggs containing a specific antibody against the antigen used by hot air drying or freeze drying are used. Obtain powder or egg yolk powder be able to. Further, a known method for purifying a chicken egg antibody from the egg yolk solution or yolk powder (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1988-1988, Agric. Biol. Chem., Vol. 54, No. 1 0, 25 3 1-25 35 (199 9 0) etc.) can be used to prepare a yolk water-soluble protein powder or a pure antibody specific antibody powder with enhanced specific antibody purity for the antigen used. .

When milk is used, it contains a specific antibody to the antigen used by sterilizing the milk or skim milk obtained by separating lipid components in the milk with a cream separator and then drying with hot air or freeze-drying. A whole milk powder or skim milk powder is obtained. From the milk or the skim milk, whey protein powder having a higher specific antibody purity to the used antigen or a pure product of the specific antibody can be prepared by a known method.

In the present invention, in order to expect an effect of suppressing infectious diarrhea, the amount of the specific antibody to be used in combination with the polyfuninol compound in the present invention has an antibody titer of at least 1.5 times that of the blank in an enzyme immunoassay. It is preferable to adjust the dose to 1 mg or more, and more preferably 5 mgZ kg or more. If the dose is less than 11113 / body weight 1 ^ g, the expected effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable.

Although the present invention can be applied to all livestock, poultry and pets, it can be easily consumed by herbivores irrespective of the bitterness of the polyphenol compound from the viewpoint of effect or palatability. Particularly, application to herbivorous animals is preferable, and cows such as dairy cows and beef cattle, goats, sheep, deer and the like, which are particularly useful in industry, are preferable.

In addition, the animal feed additive of the present invention and the animal feed containing the same are useful for improving the milk quality of raw milk produced by livestock and increasing the amount of milk.

Effect of improving milk quality and increasing milk yield of raw milk of livestock in the present invention Dosage for livestock is usually 0.5 to 50 mg / kg body weight per day, more preferably 2 to 20 mg / kg body weight, in terms of polyphenol compound. When the dose is lower than 0. S mgZ body weight kg, the effect of the present invention cannot be expected. When the dose exceeds 5 O mgZ body weight kg, it is resident in livestock and poultry due to the antibacterial action of the polyphenol compound. Adversely affect the digestive tract microbes. The polyphenol compound can be represented by the amount of tannin determined by the official tannin analysis method described above. In addition, (1) When iso-epigallocatechin gallate is used by isolation or the like, it is usually 0.03 to 5 mg / kg of body weight per day, more preferably 0.1 to 3 mg / kg of body weight.

The livestock to which the polyphenol compound is administered in the present invention may be any animal used for raw milk production, such as dairy cows, goats, horses, and sheep, and the type thereof is not particularly limited. Furthermore, it is particularly preferable to use dairy cows in consideration of palatability and the like due to the bitterness of the polyphenol compound. .

Furthermore, the animal feed additive of the present invention and the animal feed prepared by blending the same are effective in improving the reproduction rate of livestock and poultry.

The dose for obtaining the effect of improving the reproductive rate is usually 0.5 to 50 mg / kg body weight per day, more preferably 2 to 2 mg / kg body weight in terms of polyphenol compound. . If the dose is lower than this range, the effects of the present invention cannot be expected. If the dose exceeds this range, the antimicrobial action of the polyphenol compound will adversely affect microorganisms resident in the gastrointestinal tract. For the quantification of the polyphenol compound, use the official Yunnin analysis method described above. (1) When iso-epigallocatechin galleate is used after isolation, it is usually 0.03 to 5 mgZ body weight per day. g, more preferably 0.1 to 3 mg / kg of body weight.

In the present invention, the type of livestock and poultry to which the polyphenol compound is administered is not particularly limited, but is preferably used for dairy cows from an industrial viewpoint. For dairy cows, the reproductive rate can be evaluated by measuring the period required for postpartum conception and the number of artificial inseminations of dairy cows that have been confirmed to be pregnant.

Next, as another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a feed additive and an animal feed containing tea leaf fiber as an active ingredient. When animals such as livestock and poultry are fed animal feeds to which feed additives containing tea leaf fiber are added, the intestinal microflora of animals is improved, thereby promoting intestinal regulation and causing diarrhea. It reduces milk production, increases milk yield, improves feeding efficiency, and reduces and eliminates stool and urine odors. This increases the number of useful microorganisms such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria among the indigenous microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract due to the combined effect of cellulose, which is tea leaf fiber, and the borofuynol compound remaining in tea leaf fiber, which is extraction residue. However, the number of harmful bacteria such as pathogenic Escherichia coli and Welsh bacteria is reduced, and the above effects are achieved. The polyphenol compound remaining in the tea leaf fiber usually contains about 2 to 5%.

The tea leaf fiber used in the present invention can be obtained as an extraction residue obtained by removing a soluble component obtained by extracting ground tea leaves with 5 to 20 times the amount of water, alcohol, acetate or a mixture thereof. . Here, the alcohol is not particularly limited, but methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, and the like are preferable. The tea leaves used as raw materials can be from any stage of the normal manufacturing process, from fresh leaves to finished tea (dried tea), and can be used as unfermented tea, semi-fermented tea, or fermented tea regardless of the degree of fermentation. Heat during extraction There is no particular problem. In the case of water extraction, heating at 60 ° C or more, preferably at 75 to 90, for 0.5 to 7 hours is desirable. Normally, when 1 O kg of tea leaves is extracted with 50 to 200 kg of water, the extraction residue is 20 to 40 kg and the extract of Brix 2 to 10 'depending on the amount of water is 40 to 1 60 kg is obtained. The obtained extraction residue can be dried by a commonly used method, for example, hot-air drying, freeze-drying, or the like, and then pulverized and mixed with feed. Thus, 6 to 8 kg of tea leaf fiber is obtained from 1 O kg of tea leaf. The resulting tea leaf fiber has about 70% or more of the power-fein and tea polyphenol compounds removed from the raw tea leaves, so that bitterness and astringency are reduced and taste is improved. It becomes more suitable as feed for use.

Here, the production of tea leaf fiber in the present invention can be combined with the above-mentioned method for producing a polyfunor compound, and thereby, the productivity of each production method can be enhanced. There are two.

Normally, it is desirable that the amount of the tea leaf fiber (including the polyfuninol compound remaining in the tea leaf fiber) to be added to livestock feed is 0.01% or more by weight. There is no particular limitation on the method of adding the tea leaf fiber to the feed, and it can be appropriately added during each production process, and any method may be used as long as it is an orally administered method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples and the like.

Example 1

綠 Approximately 15 liters of water was added to 1 kg of tea, stirred, and extracted with 80 for 3 hours. The extract obtained by filtration is spray-dried to a purity of 25%. 350 g of a hot water extract of green tea containing a polyphenol compound was obtained. The component composition of the obtained polyphenol compound is (+)-1.2% of kinetechin, (+)-5.0% of gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate 3.9%, (1) -eppicatechin 2.3%, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 1.5%, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 5.0% and (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 6.1%. The content of the polyphenol compound in the extract was determined by the aforementioned official Yunnin analysis method, and the composition of each component was determined by HPLC analysis. High performance liquid chroma DOO graph device uses 6 5 5 A- 1 1 LC manufactured by Hitachi, column: J 'sphere ODS- M 8 0 (( Ltd.) Waiemushi Ltd. I), solvent: ₂ 0 mM KH 2 _{_{P 0 4 - H 3 P 0}} 4 (p H 2. 4) drink ethanol (7 5: 2 5, vZv :), flow rate: 0. 8 ml / min, detection: 2 8 0 nm of UV, of various HPLC analysis was performed under the conditions. In the following examples, the content of the polyphenol compound and the composition of each component were determined by the methods described above.

Example 2

2200 g of tea was extracted with 4 liters of 85 hot water while stirring for 30 minutes, and the tea leaves were removed by filtration to obtain a 2.5 liter extract. This solution was subjected to ultrafiltration (DDS, membrane type GR-81 PP, fractional molecular weight: 600) to obtain 2 liters of the passing solution. One liter of water was added to the concentrated residue, and the same operation was performed to obtain 1.2 liters of the passing solution. The two solutions were combined, concentrated using a reverse osmosis membrane (DDS, membrane type HC-50) to give 200 milliliters, and then lyophilized to obtain a 29% pure polyphenol compound. 48.6 g of a hot water extract of tea was obtained. The component composition of the obtained polyphenol compound is as follows: (+) — 1.4% strength, (+) — 5.8% gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate 4 .5 (1) Epicatechin gallate 2.7%, (I) Epicatechin gallate 1.8%, (I) Epigallocatechin 5.8% and (I) Epigallocatechin gallate 7.0% Met.

Example 3

To 350 g of the hot water extract obtained in Example 1, 8 liters of water was added and dissolved, and the mixture was sequentially partitioned with hexane and chloroform. Add 10 liters of ethyl acetate to the aqueous layer after partitioning, vigorously stir, and allow to stand. Separate the ethyl acetate layer, evaporate the ethyl acetate, dry, and dry 70 g of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction. Obtained (purity 74.5% as a mixture of polyphenol compounds) o

The content of all polyphenol compounds in the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction was 74.5%, and the ratio of each polyphenol compound was (+)-3.5%, (+)-gallocatechin 14. 8%, (1) -gallocatechin gallate 11.6%, (1) -epicatechin 7%, (1) 1-epicatechin gallate 4.6%, (1) -epigallocatechin 15.0% and (1) 1) Yepigallocatechin gallate 18.0%.

Example 4

Salmonella tabulin, Escherichia coli 0-88, Escherichia coli 0-99, and Escherichia coli 988P, which are known as causative bacteria of infectious diarrhea in cattle, were cultured in brain heart infusion medium. In addition, MA10 cells derived from rhesus monkeys cultured on bovine rotavirus KK-13 and bovine rotavirus NCDV, respectively, in an Eagle MEM medium were cultured mainly. Laying hens were hyperimmunized with the respective bacteria or viruses as the antigen. From 10 kg of hen egg yolk produced by the laying hen, 45 g of a specific hen egg antibody against the bacterium was obtained.

Example 5 10 g of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction obtained in Example 3 was applied to a silica gel column (5 × 80 cm), and eluted with a mixed solution of chloroform and methanol in a mouth. Elution was performed in two steps. That is, elution was first carried out with the mixture at a mixture ratio of 20: 1 (vZv), and then with the mixture at a mixture ratio of 10: 1 (v / v). Each of the obtained polyphenol compounds is further separated and purified by recycling HPLC (LC-908, GS-320 column, manufactured by Nippon Bunka Kogyo Co., Ltd., using methanol as the solvent) to obtain higher purity polyphenol compounds. Was. The obtained polyphenol compound contained (+)-0.3 g of force techin, 1.2 g of (+)-gallocatechin, 0.9 g of (-1) -gallocatechin gallate, 0.9 g of (-1) -epeicatechin 0 5 g, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 0.38 g, (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 1.2 g and (1) -epigallocatechin gallate 1.5 g.

Test example 1

The 30 calves were divided into 3 groups of 10 calves, and the group that received only the artificial milk was Group A, the group that received 0.7 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 per day was Group B, The group to which 1.5 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was administered per day was bred as Group C for 5 weeks. The tea extract was administered after being mixed with the artificial milk. Water was provided ad libitum. The artificial milk used was a calf top made by All Dairy. In the following test examples, calf tops were used as the artificial milk. Fecal scores and intestinal flora were measured from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test as indices indicating non-infectious diarrhea. The stool score is a quantification of the stool properties, with normal stool being 0, loose stool being 1, muddy stool being 2, and watery stool being 3. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. table 1

Fecal score

The numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, with 0 for normal stool, 1 for loose stool, 2 for muddy stool, and 3 for watery stool.

Table 2

Intestinal flora

Values were averaged for 10 animals and expressed as logarithmic value per 1 g of stool From Tables 1 and 2, calves in group C had lower fecal scores, reduced numbers of Welsh and Escherichia coli groups, and decreased percentages of Bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria compared to groups A and B calves. Suppression was observed. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention effectively suppressed non-infectious diarrhea in calves. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. In addition, similar tests were performed using tea extracts derived from black tea and oolong tea, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 2

(1) Five adult calves immediately after calving were divided into three groups of five, and the group that received the basic diet shown in Table 3 was group D, and the group that received the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was 10 g per day. Group E, a group to which 15 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was administered per day was designated as Group F and bred for 5 weeks. The tea extract was administered as a mixture with the basic feed shown in Table 3. Water was provided ad libitum. Then, fecal score and intestinal flora were measured from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test as indices indicating the infectious diarrhea in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively.

Table 3

Composition of basic feed

Table 4

Fecal score

The numerical values are the average of 5 animals, with 0 for normal stool, 1 for loose stool, 2 for muddy stool, and 3 for watery stool. Table 5

Intestinal flora

The values were averaged for 5 animals and expressed as a logarithmic value per g of feces. Tables 4 and 5 show that adult cats in group F had lower fecal scores, reduced numbers of Welsh and Escherichia coli, and increased numbers of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria compared to adult cats reared in groups D and E. Admitted. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention effectively suppressed stress (non-infectious) diarrhea caused by parturition. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. In addition, similar tests were performed using tea extracts derived from black tea and oolong tea, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 3

30 calves infected with Salmonella Evenin were divided into 3 groups of 10 calves, the group that received only the artificial milk was Group G, and the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was used at 1.0 mg / day. Group H received 5 g, and group I received 1.5 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 per day and 400 mg of the specific chicken egg antibody prepared in Example 4 per day. A group to which the specific egg antibody prepared in Example 4 was administered at 40 mg / day was bred for 5 weeks as an H2 group. The tea extract or the specific chicken egg antibody was administered as a mixture with artificial milk. As an indicator of diarrhea, the fecal score and the number of Salmonella evening spores in the feces were determined from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.

Table 6

Fecal score

The figures indicate the average of 10 animals, 0 for normal stools and 1 for loose stools.

Mud-like stool was set to 2 and watery stool was set to 3.

Salmonella count in evening feces in feces

The values are the average of 10 animals and are expressed as logarithmic values per 1 g of stool.

From Table 6 and Table 7, it was found that the fecal score and the number of Salmonella duopurin in feces were reduced in Group I compared to the calves in Groups G, H and H2. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention effectively suppressed infectious diarrhea. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. In addition, a similar test was performed using a tea extract derived from black tea and oolong tea, and a similar effect was obtained. E. coli 0-8 8. Escherichia coli 0-99, Escherichia coli 987P, bovine rotavirus KK-13 and bovine rotavirus NCDV were tested for similar infectious diseases and diarrhea, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 4

Salmonella 15 adult cattle infected with evening primrose were divided into 3 groups of 5 cows, the group fed the basic diet shown in Table 3 was group J, and the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was used per day. Group K received 7.5 g and group L received 7.5 g / day of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 and 6 g / day of the specific chicken egg antibody prepared in Example 4. The group to which 6 g of the specific chicken egg antibody prepared in Example 4 was administered per day was bred for 5 weeks as the K2 group. The tea extract or specific chicken egg antibody was administered as a mixture with the basic feed shown in Table 3. Water was provided ad libitum. In the same manner as in Test Example 3, the fecal score and the number of Salmonella tabulin in the feces were determined from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test as indices indicating diarrhea. The results are shown in Tables 8 and 9, respectively.

Table 8

Fecal score

The figures indicate the average of 5 animals, 0 for normal stool and 1 for loose stool

Mud-like stool was set to 2 and watery stool was set to 3. Table 9

Salmonella count in evening feces in feces

—The figures are the average of 5 animals and are expressed in logarithms per g of feces

I didn't. Tables 8 and 9 show that adult cats in group L had lower fecal scores and fewer bacteria of Salmonella evening primin in feces than adult cows in groups J, K and K2. Was. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention effectively suppressed infectious diarrhea. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. In addition, similar tests were performed using tea extracts derived from black tea and oolong tea, and similar results were obtained. Similar tests were performed using Escherichia coli 088, Escherichia coli 0-99, Escherichia coli 987P, Ushiguchi Yu virus KK-13 and Bovine rotavirus NCDV, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 5

Healthy 30 dairy cows were divided into 3 groups of 10 cows each, and the group that received 15 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 per day was Group A, and the tea extract prepared in Example 1 was The group administered 7.5 g per day was bred for 5 weeks as group B, and the group without administration as group C. The tea extract was administered by mixing with a normal feed. Milk fat ratio, non-fat solids ratio, cell number, milk protein ratio for milked milk are used as indicators for improving milk quality and increasing milk yield. In addition, the amount of milk per day was measured from 0 to 5 weeks after the start of the test according to a conventional method. The results are shown in Tables 10 to 14, respectively. In addition, three and five weeks after the start of the test, 15 panelists conducted a sensory test of milk. The results are shown in Table 15. Table 10

Milk fat percentage

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is%.

Non-fat solid content

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is%. Table 1 2

Cell count

The numerical value indicates the average of 10 animals, and the unit is 1 × 10 Zm 1.

Table 13

Milk protein rate

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is%.

Table 14

Milk yield per day

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is kg. Table 15

Sensory test

The figures are the average of 15 people, 5 points for very good, 4 points for good, 3 points for normal, 2 points for bad, and 1 point for very bad. As evident from Tables 10 to 14, milk expressed from dairy cows in Group A was higher than milk expressed from dairy cows in Groups B and C, in terms of milk fat ratio, nonfat solids ratio, milk protein ratio and Increased milk yield per day and decreased cell number were observed. Specifically, in Group A, the milk fat ratio was 3.5%, the non-fat solids ratio was 8.5%, and the milk protein ratio exceeded 3.0% within 2 weeks after administration, and the conditions for qualification as Rank A were given. Was found to meet. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention was effective for improving milk quality and increasing milk yield. Furthermore, a sensory test conducted with 15 panelists revealed that milk expressed by milk from Group A cows had good aroma, tongue taste, and mouthfeel, as is clear from Table 15. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. Furthermore, similar tests were performed using tea extracts derived from black tea and oolong tea, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 6

Healthy 20 dairy cows immediately after parturition were divided into 2 groups of 10 cows, and the group that received 15 g of the tea extract prepared in Example 1 per day was Group A, and the group that received no milk was Group B. Bred for one year. In addition, tea extract is a normal feed And administered in a mixture. Then, as an indicator of the reproductive rate, the time required for conception after delivery and the number of artificial inseminations of dairy cows confirmed to be pregnant were examined. The results are shown in Table 16 and Table 17, respectively. Table 16

Time required for conception after delivery

Table 17

Number of artificial inseminations of dairy cows confirmed to be pregnant

Tables 16 and 17 show that dairy cows in group A have a shorter time to conception after parturition than cows in group B, and that the number of artificial fertilizations of dairy cows that have been confirmed to be pregnant decreases, and that the reproductive rate is lower. Improvement was observed. Therefore, it was found that the tea extract of the present invention had an effect of improving the reproductive rate of dairy cows. Similar tests were performed using the tea extracts obtained in Example 2 and Example 3, and similar results were obtained. In addition, similar tests were performed using tea extracts derived from black tea and Wu Kuang tea, and similar results were obtained.

Test example 7

The 30 calves were divided into three groups of 10 calves each. Group A, prepared in Example 5 (+)-90 mg / day of dytechin was administered to group B, prepared in Example 5 (1) 90 mg perepigallocatechin gallate per day The administered group was reared as Group C for 5 weeks. The above two polyphenol compounds were administered by mixing with artificial milk. Water was provided ad libitum. The fecal score and intestinal microflora were measured from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test as indices indicating non-infectious diarrhea. The results are shown in Tables 18 and 19, respectively.

Table 18

Fecal score

Mud-like stool was set to 2 and watery stool was set to 3.

Table 19

Intestinal flora

Values were averaged for 10 animals and expressed as logarithmic value per 1 g of stool According to Tables 18 and 19, calves in group C showed a decrease in fecal score, a decrease in the number of Bacillus cerevisiae and Escherichia coli, and a decrease in the number of Bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and a decrease in the numbers of groups A and B. It was found that non-infectious diarrhea was more effectively suppressed as compared to calves in Japan. Therefore, it was found that (1) epigallocatechin gallate of the present invention effectively suppressed non-infectious diarrhea.

Test example 8

1 Five calves immediately after calving were divided into 3 groups of 5 cows. The group fed the basic diet shown in Table 3 was prepared in group D, and prepared in Example 5 (+) — 90% per day. The group to which 0 111 8 was administered was prepared in the £ group, and the group prepared in Example 5 (1) The group to which 9 0 0 11 12 was administered per day with pigallocatechin gallate? Groups were reared for 5 weeks. The above two polyphenol compounds were mixed with the basic feed shown in Table 3 and administered. Water was provided ad libitum. The fecal score and intestinal microflora were measured from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test in the same manner as in Test Example 1 as indexes indicating non-infectious diarrhea. The results are shown in Table 20 and Table 21 respectively.

Table 20

Fecal score

Mud-like stool was set to 2 and watery stool was set to 3. Table 2 1

Intestinal flora

The values were averaged for 5 animals and expressed as a logarithmic value per g of feces Tables 20 and 21 show that adult cats in group F had lower fecal scores, reduced numbers of Welsh and Escherichia coli groups, and increased numbers of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria compared to adult cats reared in groups D and E. Was observed. Therefore, it was found that the (1) -epigallocatechin gallate of the present invention effectively suppressed stress (non-infectious) diarrhea caused by parturition. Test example 9

30 calves infected with Salmonella tabulin were divided into 3 groups of 10 cows each, and the group fed with only artificial milk was prepared in group G, prepared in Example 5 (-)-epigallocatecate gallate. Group was administered in 9 Hmg / day, group H, prepared in Example 5 (1) 90 mg of epigallocatechin gallate per day and the specific hen egg antibody prepared in Example 4 were applied per day. The group administered 400 mg / day was group I and bred for 5 weeks. The above two types of polyphenol compounds were mixed with artificial milk and administered. Then, as an index indicating diarrhea, the fecal score and the number of Salmonella duo in the feces were determined from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test. The results are shown in Tables 22 and 23, respectively.

Table 2 2

Fecal score

The numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, with 0 for normal stool, 1 for loose stool, 2 for muddy stool, and 3 for watery stool. Table 23

Number of bacteria in feces of salmonone evening

The numerical values represent the average of 10 animals and were expressed as logarithmic values per 1 g of feces. From Tables 22 and 23, it was confirmed that the fecal score and the number of Salmonella tabulin in feces were reduced in Group I compared to calves in Group G and H. Therefore, it was found that (1) epigallocatechin gallate of the present invention effectively suppressed infectious diarrhea. Similar infectious disease diarrhea tests were performed with E. coli 0-88, E. coli 0-99, E. coli 987P, bovine rotavirus KK-13 and bovine rotavirus NCDV. Was done.

Test example 10

Salmonella 15 adult cattle infected with evening brine were divided into 3 groups of 5 cows each, and the group fed the basic diet shown in Table 3 was prepared in Group J and prepared in Example 5. (1) -epigallocatechin The group receiving 50 mg of gallate per day was group K, prepared in Example 5. (1) 500 mg of epigallocatechin gallate per day and the specific chicken antibody prepared in Example 4 Was administered for 5 weeks as L group. (1) Epigallocatechin gallate or specific chicken egg antibody was administered by mixing with the basic feed shown in Table 3. Water was provided ad libitum. The fecal score and the number of Salmonella evening brilli in feces were determined from 0 to 5 weeks from the start of the test as indicators of diarrhea. The results are shown in Table 24 and Table 25, respectively. Indicated

Table 2-4 Fecal score

Mud-like stool was set to 2 and watery stool was set to 3.

Table 25

Salmonella Dublin counts in feces

The figures represent the average of 5 animals and are expressed in logarithms per g of feces.

Indicated.

According to Tables 24 and 25, adult cats in group L showed lower fecal scores and fewer bacteria in Salmonella duo in feces compared to adult cows in groups J, K and K2. Admitted. Therefore, it was found that the (1) epiga oral techin gallate of the present invention effectively suppressed infectious diarrhea. Similar tests were performed using Escherichia coli 0-88, Escherichia coli 0-99, Escherichia coli 987P, Ushiguchi Yu virus KK-3 and Bovine rotavirus NCDV, and similar results were obtained. . Test example 1 1

Healthy 30 dairy cows were divided into 3 groups of 10 cows each and prepared in Example 5. (1) Group administered M-epigallocatechin gallate at 90 mg / day to the M group. The (+)-forced techin prepared in 5 was administered 9 0 0 111 per day as a 1 ^ group, and a group fed with the above-mentioned two types of polyphenol-free normal feed as a 0 group, and bred for 5 weeks. did. The above-mentioned polyfunool compound was administered by mixing with a normal feed. Milk fat ratio, nonfat solids ratio, cell count, milk protein ratio, and milk yield per day for milked milk were used as indicators of milk quality improvement and milk yield. Measured until week. The results are shown in Tables 26 to 30 respectively. In addition, three and five weeks after the start of the test, sensory tests of milk were performed by 15 panelists. The results are shown in Table 31. Table 26

Milk fat percentage

The numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is expressed in%. Table 27

Non-fat solid content

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is%.

Table 28

Cell count

Numbers, shows the average of 1 0 head, the unit is shown in 1 0 ⁴ 1.

Table 2 9

Milk protein rate

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is%. Table 30

Milk yield per day

Numerical values indicate the average of 10 animals, and the unit is kg.

Table 3 1

Sensory test

The figures are the average of 15 people, with 5 points for very good, 3 points for good, 2 points for bad, and 1 point for very bad.

From Table 26 to Table 30, milk expressed from cows in Group M was higher than milk expressed from cows in Groups N and 0 compared with milk expressed in milk, fat-free solids, milk protein and milk per day. An increase in the amount and a decrease in the number of cells were observed. Specifically, in the M group, the milk fat ratio exceeded 3.5%, the nonfat solid content ratio was 8.5%, and the milk protein ratio exceeded 3.0% within 2 weeks after administration, satisfying the criteria for A rank It has been found. From the above results, it was found that (1) -epigallocatechin gallate of the present invention was effective for improving milk quality and increasing milk yield of dairy cows. In addition, from a functional test conducted with 15 panelists, milking from cows in the M group was evident from Table 31. Milk was found to have good aroma, tongue taste, and mouthfeel.

Test example 1 2

Healthy 30 dairy cows immediately after parturition were divided into 3 groups of 10 cows each, and the group that received 90 mg Oepigallocatechin gallate prepared in Example 5 (1) -epigallocatechin gallate was treated as group P, A group to which 90 mg of (+)-forced techin prepared in Example 5 was administered per day was bred for 1 year as a Q group, and a group fed with a normal diet as a R group. The above polyphenol compound was administered after being mixed with a normal feed. As an indicator of the reproductive rate, the time required for conception after delivery and the number of artificial inseminations of dairy cows confirmed to be pregnant were examined. The results are shown in Tables 32 and 33, respectively. Table 3 2

Time required for conception after delivery

Table 3 3

Number of artificial inseminations of dairy cows confirmed to be pregnant

As is clear from Tables 3 and 3, the dairy cows in group P Compared with the cows in the herd, the time required for postpartum conception and the number of artificial inseminations in cows confirmed to be pregnant were reduced. Therefore, it was found that (1) -epigallocatechin gallate of the present invention was effective in improving the reproductive rate of dairy cows.

Example 6

10 liters of water was added to 1 kg of tea leaves which had been ground with a power mill and passed through a filter having a diameter of 1.5 mm, and the mixture was heated at 90 to 95 for 30 minutes. The mixture was subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain 2.4 kg of a wet residue. The wet residue was dried at 70 ° C and then pulverized to obtain 700 g of tea leaf fabric. The content of power phenol and polyphenol in this tea leaf fabric was low at 0.6 g and 2.7 g, respectively, in 100 g, and both astringency and bitterness could be added to feed with little bitterness and bitterness. Was.

Example 7

Sencha and oolong tea mixture (3: 1) 200 g, crushed to 2-3 mm in diameter, 50. Four liters of a mixture of water, ethanol, and acetate (5: 3: 2 (v / v)) heated in C was added and extracted for 2 hours. The mixture was subjected to solid-liquid separation, and 320 g of the obtained wet residue was dried with hot air at 80, followed by pulverization to obtain 150 g of tea leaf fiber. The content of caffeine and polyphenol in this tea leaf fiber was as low as 0.7 g and 3.5 g, respectively, in 100 g, with little bitterness and bitterness, and which could be sufficiently added to feed. 8

Solid feed for pig farming

Component Mixing ratio (% by weight)

Skim milk powder 32.6

Flour 2 9. 9 Breadcrumbs 7.0

Defatted soybean meal 5.0

Fishmeal 7.0

Sugar 4 0

Glucose 8 0

Animal fats and oils 2 0

Oligo sugar 1 0

Vitamin, minerals 30

Tea leaf fiber obtained in Example 6 0 5

(Polyphenol compound is contained in the feed at 0.01%) A feed for swine raising was prepared according to the above mixing ratio by an ordinary method. Example 9

Poultry feed

Component Mixing ratio (% by weight)

Corn 58.0

Soybean meal 1 5 9

Fish meal 6 0

Bran 5 0

Alpha 3 0

Calcium carbonate 0

Calcium phosphate 1 6

Salt 0 4

Vitamin, minerals 0 1

Soybean oil 2 0

The tea leaves obtained in Example 7 10

(0.04% as polyphenol compound in feed) According to the above mixing ratio, poultry feed was prepared by the usual method

Example 10

Feed for dairy cows

Component Mixing ratio (weight

Tomorrow 24.4

Rye 1 3 0

Soybean meal 2 1 5

Rape Kashiwa 5 2

Corn gluten feed 8 0

Mugi Nuka 8 0

Alfalfa 1 0

Cotton seed Kashiwa 1 0

Molasses 3 5

Calcium carbonate 4 4

Calcium phosphate 2 3 8

Salt 2 4

Yeast 0 4

Vitamin, minerals 2 4

Tea leaf fiber 10 obtained in Example 6

(The feed contains 0.03 as a polyphenol compound.) A feed for dairy cows was prepared by a conventional method according to the above mixing ratio.

Test example 1 3

Twenty dairy cows (adults) bred in open stalls were divided into 2 cows, and the milk for cows of Example 10 and the feed without additives of the present invention as a control began to decrease in milking amount. The animals were given free access for 60 days. After the test, normal feed was given again. Table 3 4

Effect on milking volume

The value before the start of the control was expressed as 100. As shown in Table 34, compared with the control group, the group administered with the additive of the present invention was effective in suppressing the decrease in milking amount during the test period, and an increase in milking amount was observed.

Test example 1 4

Twenty pigs (adults) bred in a pig house were fed with the solid feed for swine raising of the present invention of Example 8 and the same feed without the additive of the present invention as a control for 6 weeks, respectively. The ammonia concentrations were compared. Ammonia concentration was measured using a gas detector tube at a height of about 1 m above the floor at four locations in each pig house, and the average value was shown.

Table 35

Ammonia concentration in piggery

As shown in Table 35, the concentration of ammonia in the piggery fed with the feed additive of the present invention was clearly reduced as compared with the control group, and improvement in the breeding environment was observed.

Test example 1 5

The effect on piglet rearing performance of 30 piglets each raised for 20 days using the pig feed of the present invention shown in Example 8 and the same feed containing no additives of the present invention as a control. Was tested. Food and water were available ad libitum. The body weight at the start, the body weight at the end, and the feed intake were measured, and the breeding performance was evaluated by calculating the daily weight gain and the feed demand rate from the average values.

Table 3 6

Effect on rearing performance of piglets

Feed demand = Feed intake Period gained weight As shown in Table 36, piglets reared on the diet containing the additive of the present invention showed an increase in daily weight gain and a lower feed demand rate than piglets in the control group. It has been reduced and feed efficiency has been improved.

Test Example 1 6

Using the dairy cattle feed shown in Example 10, five dairy cows were preliminarily reared with the basic feed shown in Table 3 for 10 days, and then fed the additive-containing feed of the present invention and reared for 20 days. They were kept on the basic diet for another 10 days. Food and water were available ad libitum. Before the start of the test, on the 10th and 20th days of the test, and at 10 days after the end of the test, the rate of increase in the number of bacteria in the feces before the start of the test for Bifidobacterium, before the start of the test for Clostridium genus The percentage of decrease in the number of bacteria, ρΗ, was measured, and the intestinal control effect was evaluated. Table 3 7

Intestinal effect

Bifidobacterium and Clostridium bacteria were expressed as 100 before the start.

As shown in Table 37, by providing the feed containing the additive of the present invention, fecal pH is reduced, useful bacteria Bifidobacterium are increased, and harmful bacteria Clostridium are reduced. A bowel control effect was observed.

Industrial applicability

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The product of the present invention has a great effect on non-infectious diarrhea and infectious diarrhea of livestock, poultry and pets, as well as improving milk quality, increasing milk yield and reproductive rate of livestock. Contribute to

In addition, the tea fiber of the present invention is derived from tea that is consumed daily and has extremely high safety.When administered to livestock, it promotes the intestinal action of the livestock, reduces the occurrence of diarrhea, increases the amount of milking, It is extremely convenient for the livestock industry because it improves feed efficiency and has the action of eliminating odors from feces and urine. Further, the production of feed additives according to the present invention is carried out in combination with a method for producing tea bolifenol, which has recently been established as an industrially important material. It is one of the features of the present invention that the productivity of each manufacturing method can be enhanced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Animal feed additive consisting of tea extract.

2. The animal feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the tea is green tea, oolong tea or black tea.

3. The animal feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the tea extract is obtained by extracting tea leaves with water, alcohol and / or ethyl acetate.

4. The animal feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the tea extract contains a polyphenol compound.

5. The animal feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the content of the polyphenol compound is 5 to 80%.

6. The polyphenol compounds are (+)-forced, (+)-gallocatechin, (1) -gallocatechin gallate, (1) -epicatechin, (1) -epicatechin gallate, (1) -epi One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of gallocatechin, (1) epigallocatechin gallate, free theaflavin, theaflavin monogallate 8, theaflavin monogallate B and theaflavin digallate The animal feed additive according to claim 4, which comprises:

7. The content of each borophenol compound in the borophenol compound is (+)-0.2-6.5%, (+)-gallocatechin 2.0-18.0%, (-1)-gallocatechin galley G 1.0 to 15.0%, (1) eppicatechin 0.5 to 10.0%, (1) eppicatechin galleries 0, 3 to 8.0%, (1) epigallocatechin 2 0-18.0%, (1) epigallocatechin gallate 3.0-21.0%, free theaflavin 0-20.0%, theaflavin monogallate A 0-5. 0%, theaflavin monogallate B 0-5.0% and 7. The animal feed additive according to claim 6, wherein the aflavin digallate is 0 to 5.0%.

8. An animal feed containing the animal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is used for prevention or treatment of diarrhea.

9. The animal feed according to claim 8, wherein the diarrhea is non-infectious diarrhea.

10. The animal feed according to claim 9, wherein the non-infectious diarrhea is stress diarrhea or unexplained diarrhea not involving infectious microorganisms.

11. The animal feed according to claim 8, further comprising a specific antibody against an infectious microorganism or virus, or a toxin produced thereby.

12. The animal feed according to claim 11, wherein the specific antibody is an egg antibody obtained from eggs of a laying hen that is hyperimmunized with an infectious microorganism or virus or a toxin produced thereby.

13. The animal feed according to claim 11, wherein the specific antibody is a milk antibody obtained from the milk of a mammal hyperimmunized with an infectious microorganism or virus or a toxin produced thereby.

14. The amount of the specific antibody was adjusted to be more than 1.5 times that of the blank by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Item 11. An animal feed according to item 11.

15. An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for use in increasing milk yield.

16. An animal feed containing the animal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is used for improving milk quality.

17. An animal feed containing the animal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is used for improving the reproduction rate of the animal.

18 8. Use tea, water, alcohol, acetone, or a mixture of these An animal feed additive comprising, as an active ingredient, tea leaf fiber obtained by removing a soluble component extracted from the animal.

19. An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to claim 18, which is used for improving intestinal flora.

20. An animal feed containing the additive for animal feed according to claim 18, which is used for reduction and elimination of offensive odor.

21. An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to claim 18, which is used for improving feed efficiency.

2 2. The animal feed according to any one of claims 8 to 17, 19 to 21 wherein the animal is a domestic animal, poultry, or pet animal.

23. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tea leaves are extracted with water, alcohol and / or ethyl acetate for 30 to 95 for 0.5 to 7 hours, and the obtained extract is spray-dried. A method for producing an animal feed additive.

2 4. tea leaves ^{3 0~ 9 5 e C, 0.} 5~ 7 hours, water and extracted with alcohol and / or acetic acid Echiru, fractionate the extract obtained molecular weight 3 0 0 0-6 0 0 0 The method for producing an animal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising concentrating with an ultrafiltration membrane, and then concentrating with a reverse osmosis membrane.

2 5. tea leaves ^{3 0~ 9 5 e C, 0.} 5~ 7 hours, extracted with water and or alcohol consists in further remove acetic Echiru layer obtained was partitioned with acetic acid Echiru claims Item 10. The method for producing an animal feed additive according to any one of Items 1 to 7.

2 6. (—)-Animal feed additive containing ebigalocatechin gallate as an active ingredient.

2 7. An animal feed comprising the animal feed additive according to claim 26.