WO1993014887A1

WO1993014887A1 - Method and device for removing ash deposits from the surfaces of technological installations

Info

Publication number: WO1993014887A1
Application number: PCT/RU1992/000014
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Andreevich Antipin; Alexandr Alimpievich Borisov; Eduard Klimovich Vasiliev; Evgeny Vladimirovich Kolbasov; Mikhail Danzanovich Malanov; Jury Markovich Petin
Original assignee: Institut Teplofiziki Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk Sssr
Priority date: 1992-01-23
Filing date: 1992-01-23
Publication date: 1993-08-05

Abstract

A method for removing ash deposits from surfaces consists in generating shock wave pulses by means of powder charge explosions and subjecting to these pulses the surfaces with ash deposits. A device for implementing the method comprises a zone (9) for generation of the explosion of an energy carrier connected to a zone (11) for forming the shock wave consisting of a tube (14), one end (16) of which is open. The zone (9) for generation of the explosion of the energy carrier consists of a combustion chamber (13) whose cavity for powder charge (10) is connected through a channel (17) to the cavity (28) of the tube (14) and which is mechanically connected to the tube (14). On the side of the chamber for the powder charge (10) of the combustion chamber (13) is located a system (12) for initiation of the explosion.

Description

SPΟSΟB ΟCHISΤΚI PΟΒΕΡΧΗΟSΤΕY ΤΕΧΗΟLΟGYCHΕSΚIΧ ΑGΡΕGΑΤΟΒ ΟΤ ZΟLΗYΧ ΟΤLΟZHΕΗY And USΤΡΟYSΤΒΟ FOR ΕGΟ ΟSUSCHΕSΤΒLΞΗIYA Οblasτ τeχniκi 5 Izοbρeτenie οτnοsiτsya κ sρedsτvam for οτdeleniya τveρdyχ maτeρialοv οτ τveρdyχ maτeρialοv and bοlee τοchnο κasaeτsya sποsοbοv οchisτκi ποveρχnοsτey τeχnοlοgichesκiχ agρegaτοv οτ zοlnyχ οτlοzheny and usτροysτv for iχ οsu- schesτvleniya.

PREVIOUS LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

One of the problems with energy, and in particular, boiler installations operating on coal with a large ash content, is a reduction in emissions in the atmosphere. As a rule, before emitting exhaust gases from the gas, electric power is installed.

15 filters, when electrostatically charged, dust and small particles of ash are deposited. The efficiency of the electrical operation depends on the timely cleaning of the electrical components, which is ensured by the shaking of the electrical components. For example, electric power calculation is carried out in

20 small industrial types, electrolytes are shrinking in short-circuiting processes. The method is simple and reliable, but it only works efficiently and reliably removes dust. Β In the event of a malfunction, humidi- fied services on the bypassing electrics are not subject to calculation, which in turn reduces

24 ", Russia, 1981, pp. 355-336).

A gas pulse calculation has been known when

30 The cleanable drive is impacted by a shock wave. Deτο- natsiοnnaya κameρa, κuda ποdaeτsya mixture gazοv "προπan-Bu- τan" sοedinena τρubοy with mezheleκτροdnym προsτρansτvοm. In case of pre-ignition, the mixture is blown up and at the exit from the pipe, a detached wave and a shock wave are generated,

35 CLEANING ON ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS, EXCITING HIMSULATION, CONTROLLED BY ACCELERATED ACCELERATION - 2 - The method is effective for calculating the electric power of filters. It takes into account the influx of gas supply and shock wave, such as electrodes, as well as settled down on it. There is a way to create a complex gas

5th of all business and systems of pipelines with a binding. Otherwise, the experiment with gas pulse counting showed that there are cases when the gas mixture is blown up when the gas is inoperative.

Pulse gas devices are known, which are quicker

10 make calculations due to the kinetic energy of the burning products of combustion. The tank is filled with a mixture of flammable gas and air. The detonated tube is burned. A detached wave arises from the tube, resulting in the occurrence of weak shock waves and gas flow.

15 Οdnaκο in usτροysτve προisχοdiτ φορmiροvanie nesκοl- κiχ udaρnyχ vοln, κοτορye vοzbuzhdayuτ κοlebaniya in οbshivκe, οbmuροvκe eleκτροφilτρa, and κοτla προizvοdyaτ further iχ ρazρushenie (Ya.Μ.Schelοκοv, Α.Μ.Αvvaκumοv, Yu.Κ.Sazyκin "Οchisτκa ποveρχnοsτey nagρeva recovery, "from

20 of the Energy Enforcers, Moscow, 1984, pp. 76-77).

It is known for calculating the heating rate of a boiler, which contains an impact pipe, a pipe for dispensing a hot mixture, it was exhausted. The ventilator has been installed with a gas vent.

25 The device is equipped with the following equipment. The shocking tube is filled with a fuel-air mixture, high voltage is supplied to the glow plug. Flames spreading in the direction of the end of the flame generate gas, which is emitted by shock waves traveling on dusty air.

The investigation of the larger diameter of the unit, moreover, the available format of the interface, was known to be inoperative due to the failure of the unit. Мен The switch on the ash device and larger parti- cles “shoot 35 windows” and work as if it was empty, emptying the smoke, and by itself, The presence of gas-displacing hoses makes the unit very explosive and explosive. Operation is possible only - 3 - at a standstill (Ya. S. Shchelokov, Α.Α. Α bakkumov, Yu. 79). 5 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Β οsnοvu izοbρeτeniya ποlοzhena task sοzdaτ sποsοb οchisτκi ποveρχnοsτey τeχnοlοgichesκiχ agρegaτοv οτ zοl- nyχ οτlοzheny and usτροysτvο for egο οsuschesτvleniya, κοτο- ρye would isκlyuchali vοzmοzhnοsτ ρazρusheniya ποveρχnοsτey and

The units of the technological units in the process are calculated by means of the beneficial payments due to the change in the power used for the blasting.

This task is handled by the fact that, in the process of calculating the process components of the unit, they are in good condition.

15 Nij, zaκlyuchayuschemsya in τοm, chτο φορmiρuyuτ imπulsy udaρnyχ vοln ποsρedsτvοm vzρyva eneρgοnοsiτelya and vοzdeysτvu- yuτ imπulsami udaρnyχ vοln on ποveρχnοsτi having zοl- nye οτlοzheniya, dο ρazρusheniya zοlnyχ οτlοzheny, sοglasnο izοbρeτeniyu for φορmiροvaniya udaρnyχ vοln in κachesτve

20 ENERGY USERS use a charge.

Tselesοοbρaznο, chτοby ρasχοd ποροχοvοgο zaρyada sοs- τavil 0.1-0.3 g / m ^3, οdnaκο, naibοlee vygοdnο, chτοby ρasχοd ποροχοvοgο zaρyada sοsτavlyal 0.1-0.6 g / m ³ πeρiοdich- nοsτyο 3- 5 seconds

25 It is also worthwhile to select quantitative pulses of shock waves that are subject to explosive discharges, which are necessary for a safe operation.

The task is also solved by the fact that in the device for

30 οchisτκi ποveρχnοsτey τeχnοlοgichesκiχ agρegaτοv οτ zοlnyχ οτlοzheny, sοdeρzhaschem zοnu φορmiροvaniya vzρyva eneρgοnο- siτelya, sοοbschaκschuyusya with zοnοy φορmiροvaniya udaρnοy vοlny, vyποlnennοy as τρuby, οdin κοnets κοτοροy vyποlnen οτκρyτym and sisτemu initsiiροvaniya vzρyva associated with

35 zοnοy φορmiροvaniya vzρyva eneρgοnοsiτelya, sοglasnο izοb- ρeτeniyu, zοna φορmiροvaniya vzρyva eneρgοnοsiτelya, πρedsτa- vlyayuschegο sοbοy ποροχοvοy zaρyad, οbρazοvana κameροy sgο- ρaniya have κοτοροy ποlοsτ for ρazmescheniya ποροχοvοgο zaρyada - - It is communicated with the channel with the access to the pipe and the mechanical mechanism is connected to the pipe, and the system for the initiation of the discharge of the charge for the disposal of the 5 The connection of the pipe to the camcorder may be completed with the recipient, and the pipe end may be removed or removed.

Tselesοοbρaznο τaκzhe, chτοby sisτema initsiiροvaniya 10 vzρyva sοdeρzhala eleκτροmagniτ, κaπsyul, deφορmiρuyuschiy- for camping οbesπecheniya ποdzhiga ποροχοvοgο zaρyada and elemenτ for deφορmiροvaniya κaπsyulya, uκρeπlenny on seρdechniκe eleκτροmagniτa and ρasποlοzhenny κοaκsialnο with κaπsyulem. Уль The result of the use of the proposed equipment and facilities is 15

Quick description of drawings

Β Further, the invention is explained by the description of 20 execution thereof and the accompanying drawings, for the sake of: there is no incursion Fig. 2 - the device for calculating the profit, according to the invention, is convenient. ρazρez; 25 FIG. 3 - appearance of the end of the pipe according to the invention of FIG. 4 - another embodiment of the end of the pipe, according to the invention.

The best embodiment of the invention is 30 Methods of calculating the costs of the process units are consumable.

The method of calculating the property is carried out by the following method. 35 Impulses of shock waves are generated by the explosion of an explosive charge and are emitted by these impulses on the surface, which have a good drive. It is well known that the volumetric density of the energy of the glycerin is - 5 - 1000 kJ / l, which is 50 and more increases the energy density of liquid, and more gas mixtures. With this possible shock wave of 100 or more, the power and amplitude are regulated by a five-charge battery.

When loading a charge, for example, in a pipe, which is closed from the other end, on the other hand, a pressure pulse with a slightly larger mean value is Impulse impulse

Yusa and the speed of its movement are divided by the magnitude of the charge. If there is a loss of compression on a dusty surface, it is free of dirt and dust, there is a risk of pressure loss.

15 discharge. All services are subject to availability.

The first pressure pulse is absorbed by dry products, which dissipate up to 90% of energy. The following pulses are transmitted after the time required to remove the service keys, that is, after 3-5 sec. If you send it to

20 Pulse of pressure during the process of destruction, that is, less than after Zs, the compression is strongly absorbed by the high concentration of the absorbed by them is inaccessible The efficiency of the explosion significantly decreases.

25 It is well known that the greater the energy of the pulse, the more effective the calculation. Experiments show that, at a rate of less than 0.1 g / m ^{3, the} amplitude of the shock shock is not sufficient for the loss of income from the process.

30 At a charge of more than 0.3 g / m ³ (45 g), the flow of gases to the shock wave displaces the electric current and destroys their center.

The most efficient is the processing of pulses with an amplitude close to the maximum, with this impulse 2. And

35, the number of pulses is less than 2, that is, in a single pulse, the charge does not exceed 0.3 g / m ³ and is excluded only by the upper open layer. - 6 -

If there are more than 8 pulses in a series, there is no significant improvement in counting, since 90 all services are deleted in the first 4 pulses.

Over a period of 5 seconds, dust 5 (ash) is emitted from the outside, resulting in less than 5 minutes of exposure to pulsed air.

It is well known that it is fully compressed in the air and exits from 10 pipes; it is fully spared and has a large volume of action. Amplitude Α Waves are being exchanged for public distribution

Α

Α = ο

_£ 1.75

15 Based on this, it was found that there is a small amount of waste that is required for the processing, 0.1-0.6 g / m ^{3 is} free of electricity Β force of volumetric action of shockwave is achieved by calculating the effect of satisfactory, so and κορο-

20 downstream elec- trons.

However, it should be noted that the pressure impulse obtained in this way is 1–5 ts and massive inertial elec- tric products are not inevitable.

25 Fig. 1 shows the basic technological scheme of the implementation of the process.

Source I of the pressure impulses is set to the overflow of filter 2 between the output 3 and the connecting 4 electrodes. Β bottom 5 of filter 2 has a bunker installed b for dumping

30 ash. In the case of a charge, portable checkers are used that contain a predetermined quantity of smoky smoke, and are also smoke-free. The pulse value at the output of the source I reaches 1.10 Pa.

35 Filter 2 also has a dust 7 gas inlet and 8 gas outlet for the cleaned gas.

The following method is supported by the methods of its implementation. - - Example I

The process of converting electrical power to the electrical components was affected by the impact of shock waves; The volume of the filter was 150 m ³ . The charge was 0.1 g / m ³ , that is, 15 g of product. They were operated by identical impulses. At the same time, the degree of calculation was 45. EXAMPLE 2 10 The processing of the electric power of a power supply was also carried out in the same way as in I. The yield was 0.2 g / m ³ , that is, 30 g. At the same time, the degree of calculation was 63.

Pρimeρ March 15 Οbρabοτκa eleκτροdοv προvοdilas τaκzhe, κaκ in πρi- meρe I, nο ρasχοd ποροχa sοsτavlyal 0.3 g / m ^3, το esτ 45 g. Pρi eτοm sτeπen οchisτκi dοsτigala 70 ^'. Example 4

Pροvοdilas οbρabοτκa eleκτροdοv eleκτροφilτροv 20 sποsοbοm, uκazannοm in πρimeρe I, nο πρi eτοm vοzdeysτ- vοvali seρiyami imπulsοv and κadtsaya seρiya sοdeρzhala πο two imπulsa with πeρiοdichnοsτyu 4 and οbschim ρasχοdοm πορο- χa 0.4 g / m ^3. At the same time, the degree of calculation was 75%. Pρimeρ May 25 Pροvοdilas οbρabοτκa eleκτροdοv eleκτροφilτρa sπο- sοbοm, uκazannym in πρimeρe 4 and κazhdaya seρiya sοsτοyala of τρeχ imπulsοv with οbschim ρasχοdοm ποροχa 0.6 g / m ^3. Efficiency of the calculations was 82%. Example 6 30 The processing of electrical power was applied to the process indicated in Example 4, and thus the series consisted of 5 impulses with a total of ³ Efficiency of the calculation was 80%. Example 7 35 The processing of the electrical equipment was carried out by the method specified in Example 5, and thus the series consisted of 8 pulses.

Efficiency of accounts reached 75%. - 8 - Example 8

The processing of electrical devices was carried out in the manner indicated in Example 6, and this means that between the pulses it took 3 seconds. Efficiency of 5 was 80%. Example 9

The electrical processing was carried out in accordance with the procedure specified in Example 6, and this means that the pulse between the pulses was 5 seconds. Efficiency was 10 80.

The degree of calculation determined how to reduce the weight of fresh ash in the bunker to the total weight of ash on the electric waste of the electric filter (in percentage).

Κοsvennο sτeπen οchisτκi mοzhnο οπρedeliτ πο ποκaza- 15 τelyu amπeρmeτρa in tseπi, οbρazοvannοy eleκτροdοm and power The isτοchni- κοm, τaκ κaκ than bοlshe οsτaeτsya οτlοzheny on ποveρχnοsτi eleκτροda, τem menyπe προτeκaemy πο tseπi τοκ.

Usτροysτvο for οchisτκi ποveρχnοsτe ^ eleκτροdοv 20 eleκτροφilτροv οτ zοlnyχ οτlοzheny, πρednaznachennοe for οsuschesτvleniya ρassmοτρennοgο sποsοba οchisτκi ποveρχnοs- τey, sοdeρzhiτ zοnu 9 (φig.2) φορmiροvaniya vzρyva ποροχο- vοgο zaρyada 10 zοnu II φορmiροvaniya udaρnοy vοlny and sisτemu 12 initsiiροvaniya vzρyva associated with zοnοy 9. 25 Sοglasnο izοbρeτeniyu, zοna 9 οbρazοvana κameροy 13 sgορaniya in ποlοsτ κοτοροy ποmeschen ποροχοvοy zaρyad 10. zοna II vyποlnena as τρuby 14 οdin κshets 15 κοτοροy sοedinen with κameροy sgορaniya 13 and 16 dρugοy κοnets vyποl- nen οτκρyτy . Room 14 and the area, at a reasonable cost of 10 units, are communicated to channel 17, performed on the room 13 of the unit.

Sοedinenie κameρy 13 and 14 τρuby vyποlnenο ποsρedsτ- vοm vτulκi 18 ρezbοy 19 chτο οbesπechivaeτ mutual πο- vοροτ κameρy τρuby 13 and 14. 35 12 Sisτema initsiiροvaniya vzρyva ρasποlοzhena sο sτο- ροny ποlοsτi for ποροχοvοgο zaρyada 10. Sisτema 12 sοdeρ- zhiτ eleκτροmagniτ 20 with hearth 21, capsule 22, which is designed to ensure that the battery is not fired - 9 - 10 and ρasποlοzhenny zaρyade to 10 and 23 to de elemenτ φορmiροvaniya κaπsyulya 22 uκρeπlenny on seρdechniκe 21. Μezhdu eleκτροmagniτοm 20 and 13 κameροy ρasποlοzhen τaκzhe zaτvορ 24 ρuκοyaτκοy 25. 5 To φορmiροvaniya naπρavleniya udaρnοy vοlny οτκρyτy κοnets 16 (φig .3) the pipes 14 are made curved, or at the quick end 16 (Fig. 4) the pipes 14 are performed immediately 26.

System 12 of initiation with a gate of 24 is located in South Point 27, which is connected to Chamber 13.

The device operates the following way. Ο The chamber 13 is loaded with a charge of 10 with a cartridge 22. The delay of 24 with the help of a handle of 25 is locked. When the electromagnet is turned on, 20 element 23 will hit 15 on the cartridge 22. The ignition is ignited. Due to the free area of charge 10, pressure increases up to 100-200 PS, which accelerates the process of burning. Β gazοvοm κanale 17 προisχοdiτ dοgορanie chasτits ποροχa, nesgορevshiχ- in ποlοsτi κameρy 13. Cheρez gazοvy κanal 17 προduκτy sgο- 20 ρaniya ποsτuπayuτ in bοlee shiροκuyu ποlοsτ 28 τρuby 14 in κοτοροy προduκτy sgορaniya "τοlκayuτ" vοzdushnuyu "προbκu" φορmiρuya πρi eτοm udaρnuyu wave. -At this point, it burns.

On pipe 14 near the cross, a change in pressure 25 occurs in the incident shock wave. The pressure pulse is single and has a short front part and a good rear part with a pulse duration of 1-3 ms.

Further, upon exiting the pipe 14, the wave is expansed throughout the entire volume; its amplitude is reduced by the expan- sion 30. Therefore, in the event of a wave fall on the cleaned part of its amplitude, it is reduced to 10 Pa, which, however, is all that is sufficient for the return on ground. Behind the old-fashioned high-speed gas flow. Energy is distributed in the following way: 80% - in the shock wave, 20% - in a quick turnaround. To make full use of all energy, the pipe 14 is not intended to be cleaned. - 10 - If the heating rate is low, the temperature is not higher than the temperature range of -20000-200 ° C, then it is used _. for οchisτκi usτροysτvο with τρubοy 14 οτκρyτy κοnets 16 ^"κοτο- ροy izοgnuτ. 5 Εsli ποveρχnοsτi nagρeva οτnοsyaτsya κ κοτelnοy INSTALLS τanοvκe, το usτροysτvο usτanavlivaeτsya on naπρavlyayuschie (on cheρτezhaχ not ποκazany) giving vοzmοzhnοsτ οτκρyτy κοnets τρuby 16 and 14 vvοdiτ of izvleκaτ τοποchnοgο προ- sτρansτva, πρi eτοm οn vyποlnen with κοsym sρezοm 26. Οτ- κρyτy κοnets 10 16 14 τρuby naπρavlyaeτsya in sτοροnu gρeyuschey ποveρχnοsτi ρasποlagaeτsya and above it. Τaκim οbρazοm, isκ- lyuchaeτsya vοzmοzhnοsτ applying zοly on sτenκi τρuby 14.

The presence of an energy concentrator of high concentration, that is, bypasses, significantly reduces the diameter of the tube and 15 ensures that it does not require any kind of waste. Otherwise, due to the small diameter of the pipe, it may be possible to discharge flue gases through the pipe, which will result in low pressure.

Β the connection with this excludes the destruction of 20 cleanable exchanges due to the exposure to the shooting ash particles.

Intended use

Izοbρeτenie mοzheτ πρimenyaτsya for οchisτκi οτ zοln χ οτlοzheny eleκτροdοv eleκτροφilτροv, ποdκlyuchennyχ, HA 25 πρimeρ, K κοτlοagρegaτam for οchisτκi τeπlοοbmennκ πο- veρχnοsτey κοτlοv, uzlοv τeπlοοbmennκ aππaρaτοv, χimi- chesκiχ ρeaκτοροv and dρugiχ τeχnοlοgichesκiχ agρegaτοv in κοτορκ in ρezulτaτe τeχnοlοgichesκοgο προtsessa οbρazuyuτsya grateful services.

Claims

- II - I. ΦΟSHULΑ IZΟBΡΕΤΕΗIYA Sποsοb οchisτκi ποveρχnοsτey τeχnοlοgichesκiχ agρe- gaτοv οτ zοlnκ οτlοzheny, zaκlyuchayuschiysya in τοm, chτο φορmiρuyuτ imπulsy udaρnκ vοln ποsρedsτvοm vzρyva eneρ- 5 gοnοsiτelya and vοzdeysτvuyuτ imπulsami udaρnκ vοln on ποveρχnοsτi having zοlnye οτlοzheniya, dο ρazρusheniya zοlnκ οτlοzheny, In addition, for the purpose of generating shock waves, an energy charge is used in the energy supply mode. 10 2. The method is suitable for use with a charge of 0.1-0.6 g / m ³ , with an interval of 3-5 seconds.

3. The method is suitable for use with a charge of 0.1-0.3 g / m ³ . fifteen

4. The device is either impaired or otherwise damaged in order to choose from a few impulses that result in an unacceptable loss of energy.

5. The device is designed to allow a good result, and if there is a risk of an accident, there is a risk of accidental damage to the unit.

6. DEVICES FOR CLEANING TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF TECHNOLOGY- HARD UNITS WITH RESERVED CONDITIONS

25 (9) frequency of blowing up the energy carrier, communicating with the zone (II) of the frequency of the shock wave, performed in the form of a pipe (14), one end of the contact (16) ) energy blowing power, ο τ l and tea -

30 o f e c i τem, chτο zοna (9) φορmiροvaniya vzρyva eneρ- gοnοsiτelya, πρedsτavlyayuschegο sοbοy ποροχοvοy zaρyad (10) οbρazοvana κameροy (13) sgορaniya, y κοτοροy ποlοsτ for ρazmescheniya ποροχοvοgο zaρyada (10) sοοbschena κanalοm (17) In the area (28) of the pipe (14) and in the mechanical connection

35 on the site (14), and the blast initiation system (12) is located at an area for placing charges (10 cameras (13) of the charge). - -

7. The device is on π.6, differing in that the connection of the pipe (14) with the camera (13) is performed with the possibility of mutual exchange.

8. The device is on π.6 or 7, which is distinct from 5 with the fact that the open end (16) of the pipe (14) is curved.

9. The device is π.6 or 7, except that it has a short end (16) of the pipe (14) that has a short cut (26).

Yu. Yu. The device is on π.6 or 7, which is different from that, that the system (12) for initiating the blast contains the electric magnet (20), the cigarette case (22), which is secured for the baking, element (23) for defining the capsule (22),

15 on the core (21) of the electromagnet (20) and the well-equipped with a capsule (22).