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US3630431A - Valve-discharge disc centrifuge - Google Patents

Valve-discharge disc centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
US3630431A
US3630431A US18228A US3630431DA US3630431A US 3630431 A US3630431 A US 3630431A US 18228 A US18228 A US 18228A US 3630431D A US3630431D A US 3630431DA US 3630431 A US3630431 A US 3630431A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chambers
valve
axis
bowl
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US18228A
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English (en)
Inventor
Yoshinori Oka
Ryuichi Takahashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
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Publication of US3630431A publication Critical patent/US3630431A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/14—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge

Definitions

  • the general type of centrifuge with the improvement of which this invention is concerned is well known, and a representative example is illustrated and described in Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook (4th Edition, McGraw-l-lill Book Co., lnc., 1963, page -90 FlG. 19-141).
  • the bowl of the centrifuge is rotated about an upright axis and has discharge openings for solids which communicate with the portion of the bowl cavity which is farthest from the axis of rotation.
  • An annular valve member is axially moved by hydraulic pressure toward and away from a closing position in which the valve member blocks the discharge openings.
  • the valve member may be mounted either on the inner face or on the outer face of the circumferential bowl wall.
  • the valve member forms a movable wall of two chambers which may be supplied with hydraulic fluid, normally water, and is moved by hydraulic pressure generated by centrifugal forces when the centrifuge bowl is rotated.
  • the chambers in the known devices are located quite close to the axis of rotation and must therefore be made relatively large for generating a force adequate for moving the heavy valve member. Since the chambers have to be machined, at least in part, from the bowl wall, they substantially contribute to the cost of building the machine. They hold a relatively large amount of liquid, and the time required for filling and emptying them during opening and closing of the discharge openings is correspondingly long. The required amount of water in some instances is great enough so that the cost of the water constitutes a significant portion of the centrifuge operating expenses.
  • the primary object of the invention is the provision of a valve-discharge centrifuge free from the shortcomings of the known machines as set forth in the preceding paragraph.
  • the invention provides means on respective axial faces of the circumferential bowl wall and of the valve member which define two axially spaced chambers.
  • One of the faces is formed with an annular groove about the axis of rotation.
  • the groove is open in a radial direction and of a radial depth smaller than the axial width thereof.
  • a collar on the other face occupies an axial intermediate portion of the groove and axially separates the two chambers, whereby the chambers axially expand and shrink during axial movement of the valve member.
  • a liquid supply system alternatively keeps one or both of the chambers filled with liquid during rotation of the bowl.
  • the chambers are located not substantially nearer the axis of the rotation than the portion of the bowl cavity farthest from the axis which communicates with the solids discharge aperture in the circumferential bowl wall, the chambers can be made quite small. For the reasons outlined above, this fact results in a substantial reduction in the cost of building the centrifuge and in a saving in water or other liquid. Moreover, the solids discharge aperture can be closed and opened more quickly than in known comparable centrifuges having a hydraulic system of similar capacity.
  • the centrifuge of the invention Because of the high opening-and closing speed of the valve member, it is practical in the centrifuge of the invention to discharge only a portion of the accumulated solids, thereby making it unnecessary to interrupt the feeding of raw material to the centrifuge bowl during the solids discharge.
  • the centrifuge is thus capable of truly continuous operation.
  • the upright drive shaft 13 of the machine coaxially carries a heavy-walled bowl 14.
  • the bowl cavity 1 is upwardly bounded by a conical cover 14 attached to the bowl 14 by a threaded ring 34 which engages the approximately cylindrical outer wall of the bowl 14.
  • Much of the cavity is occupied by a stack of conical sheet metal discs, only represented by its retaining plates 2,3 for the sake of clarity, and conventional in itself.
  • the material to be separated is fed to the cavity 1 from above through a coaxial tube 4 and substantially clear liquid is normally discharged through an opening in the topmost portion of the cover 14' in one or more fractions of different specific gravity.
  • the circumferential wall of the cavity 1 slopes obliquely from above and below in a radially outward direction to a row of slots 23 in the circumferential wall of the bowl l4 closely adjacent the lower rim of the ring 34.
  • the slots 23 are closed by a reduced upper edge portion 33 of an approximately cylindrical valve ring 15 engaging a valve seat 35 on the threaded ring 34.
  • the inner surface of the ring 15 conformingly engages the outer, substantially cylindrical surface of the bowl [4 over more than percent of the axial height of the ring.
  • the outer face of the bowl 14 has a shallow annular groove 16 whose radial depth is but a small fraction of its axial height.
  • An annular collar or shoulder 17 projects integrally from the valve ring 15 into the groove 16, occupies much of the groove, downwardly bounds an annular chamber 16' in the groove, and upwardly bounds a chamber 16', the radial face of the shoulder 17 in the chamber 16' being almost twice as wide as the corresponding face in the chamber 16".
  • the chamber 16" is ofiset in its entirety from the radially outermost portion of the separator cavity in a radially outward direction, and only a very small portion of the chamber 16' is radially coextensive with the cavity, and both chambers are radially offset from the stack of discs between the plates 2,3.
  • a downwardly open recess 20 in the bowl bottom about the shaft 13 is of stepped cylindrical shape.
  • a small uppermost portion 22 of the recess is of reduced diameter-
  • the lower end of the recess 20 is occupied by a hollow annular distributor 25, and an axially narrow portion 21 of the recess 20 contiguously above the distributor 25 is of greater diameter than the recess portion 22.
  • a narrow conduit-18 having an orifice in a cylindrical wall of the recess portion 22 leads to the chamber 16', and a similar conduit 19 leads from an orifice in the cylindrical wall of the recess portion 21 to the chamber 16".
  • a very narrow radial bore 24 in the valve ring 15 bleeds the chamber 16 to the ambient atmosphere in the illustrated valve position.
  • the distributor 25 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 13, and its bottom wall has an annular gap 25' near the shaft. lts top wall has an axial passage 29 whose upper orifice is axially aligned with the reduced recess portion 22 and another passage 30 leading into the recess portion 21 near the orifice of the duct 19.
  • Nozzles 31 are mounted on the ring 32, extend into the interior of the distributor 25 through the annular gap 25' in the bottom wall of the distributor, and have respective orifices which are directed in'a radially outward direction against the inner, circumferential wall of the distributor.
  • the nozzles 31 are connected to a water supply system by the ring 32 and a feed line 26 connected to the ring and provided with valves partly indicated by conventional symbols the source of water being indicated by an arrow 26.
  • a pressure responsive valve 28 in the line 26 is provided with a bypass 27 and a manually operated valve 27 in the bypass.
  • the illustrated apparatus is operated as follows:
  • the nonillustrated motor driving the shaft 13 is energized.
  • the nonillustrated main valve in the water feed line 26 is opened.
  • the valve ring 15 is in the nonillustrated lower position in which the solids-discharging slots 23 are open, and the capacity of the chamber 16" is at a minimum maintained by cooperating, nonillustrated abutments on the collar 17 and the bowl 14.
  • the water discharged into the distributor 25 flows through the passage 30 into the recess portion 21, the conduit 19, and the chamber 16", and then is backed up in the distributor 25 to form a ring held by centrifugal forces against the outer axial wall of the distributor. Because of the great distance of the chamber 16" from the axis of rotation, the hydraulic pressure centrifugally generated in the chamber 16" is sufficient to lift the valve ring into the illustrated position in which it blocks the slots 23 although the chamber 16" is quite small in a radial direction.
  • the bypass valve 27' When it is desired to discharge the accumulated solids, the bypass valve 27' is opened, and the thickness of the water ring in the distributor 25 is increased.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder reaches a position indicated by the chain-dotted line yy in the drawing, water can flow upwardly into the topmost portion 22 of the recess and reach the chamber 16 through the conduit 18.
  • the flow section of the bleeder bore 24 is too small to decrease the centrifugally generated hydraulic pressure in the chamber 16' to a value significantly smaller than the pressure in the chamber 16 Since the annular piston face of the shoulder 17 in the chamber 16 is much greater than the corresponding face in the chamber the chamber 16' is expanded and water is discharged from the shrinking chamber 16" through the conduit 19.
  • the valve ring 15 is lowered to open the slots 23 for discharge of solids.
  • valve 27' When the valve 27' is closed, water bled from the bore 24 returns the inner liquid wall in the distributor 25 from the line y-y to the line xx. The loss of pressure in the chamber 16' causes the valve ring 15 to be returned to the illustrated closing position.
  • the amounts of water that need to be supplied or released for moving the valve ring between the opening and closing positions is very small because the chambers l6,l6" are as far from the axis of rotation as is possible, and because the distributor assembly including the nozzles 31 is located as closely to the axis of rotation as the shaft 13 permits.
  • the annular cylindrical space defined between the lines xx and yy which basically determines the amount of water consumed in each cycle of operations is small because of its small overall diameter.
  • the valve 27 may be operated manually, by a timer,'by remote control, or automatically in response toaccumulation of a predetermined weight or volume of solids behind the slots 23 in the cavity 1 as is known in itself.
  • the setting of the pres sure responsive valve 28 remains unchanged for a fixed rotary speed of the bowl, and may be adjusted to different bowl speeds or other changes in operating conditions to suit requirements.
  • valve operating means for moving said valve member axially toward and away from an operating position in which said valve member blocks said discharge aperture, and means for discharging liquid from said bowl separately from said solids, the improvement in the valve operating means which comprises:
  • said second axial face being formed with an annular groove extending about said axis, said groove being open in a radial direction and being of a radial depth smaller than the axial width thereof,
  • liquid supply means for alternatively supplying one of said chambers or both chambers with liquid during rotation of said bowl
  • said liquid supply means including means on said bottom wall defining a recess closely adjacent said axis,
  • valve means interposed between said source and said recess for keeping said recess sufficiently filled with said liquid during rotation of said bowl alternatively to reach one or both of said orifices.
  • said liquid supply means further including a hollow distributor member occupying a portion of said recess axially offset from said orifices and closely adjacent said axis, the portion of said distributor member nearest said axis being formed with a gap extending about said axis, a stationary nozzle extending through said gap into said distributor and having an orifice therein, said valve means communicating with said nozzle, said distributor member being formed with two passages connecting the hollow interior thereof with the portion of said recess communicating with the orifices of said conduit.
  • valve means including a pressure responsive valve, said valve opening in response to a predetermined minimum pressure differential across the same, a bypass about said valve, and a shutoff valve in said bypass.
  • valve member in a centrifuge as set forth in claim 1, said valve member being mounted on said circumferential wall outside said cavity.
  • said second axial face being an outer face of said bowl, and said first face being an inner face of said annular valve member, said valve member being formed with a bleeder bore permanently open to the atmosphere and communicating with one of said chambers in the operating position of said valve member, said one chamber being connected by the associated one of said con- 5 duits to said one orifice.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US18228A 1969-06-18 1970-03-10 Valve-discharge disc centrifuge Expired - Lifetime US3630431A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4763769 1969-06-18

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US3630431A true US3630431A (en) 1971-12-28

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US (1) US3630431A (de)
DE (1) DE2024726A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1295526A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777972A (en) * 1971-03-25 1973-12-11 Alfa Laval Ab Sludge centrifuge
US4044944A (en) * 1975-04-24 1977-08-30 Fa. Moebus Kg. Centrifuge
US4285462A (en) * 1979-01-09 1981-08-25 Robatel S.L.P.I. Centrifuges with hydraulic controls
US4401429A (en) * 1980-03-13 1983-08-30 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Self-emptying solid bowl centrifuge
US4490133A (en) * 1981-04-21 1984-12-25 Westfalia Separator Ag Self-discharging centrifugal drum outlet valve regulating device
US5599270A (en) * 1994-01-11 1997-02-04 Filtan Filter-Anlagenbau Gmbh Centrifugal separator with flow regulator
CN116236937A (zh) * 2023-05-11 2023-06-09 瑞之恩生物科技(河南)有限公司 物料混合装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069969A (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-01-24 Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd. Automatic three stage centrifugal sludge separator
GB2544797B (en) * 2015-11-27 2020-04-29 Swan Thomas & Co Ltd Separation process for laminar materials, such as graphene

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578484A (en) * 1942-07-04 1951-12-11 Nyrop Aage Self-discharging sludge separator
US2862659A (en) * 1956-05-31 1958-12-02 Nyrop Aage Centrifugal separator
US2955754A (en) * 1958-07-11 1960-10-11 Nyrop Aage Centrifugal separator
US3202347A (en) * 1960-05-02 1965-08-24 Benjamin H Thurman Countercurrent flow centrifugal separator
US3494546A (en) * 1967-03-29 1970-02-10 Alfa Laval Ab Centrifuge with variable discharge

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578484A (en) * 1942-07-04 1951-12-11 Nyrop Aage Self-discharging sludge separator
US2862659A (en) * 1956-05-31 1958-12-02 Nyrop Aage Centrifugal separator
US2955754A (en) * 1958-07-11 1960-10-11 Nyrop Aage Centrifugal separator
US3202347A (en) * 1960-05-02 1965-08-24 Benjamin H Thurman Countercurrent flow centrifugal separator
US3494546A (en) * 1967-03-29 1970-02-10 Alfa Laval Ab Centrifuge with variable discharge

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777972A (en) * 1971-03-25 1973-12-11 Alfa Laval Ab Sludge centrifuge
US4044944A (en) * 1975-04-24 1977-08-30 Fa. Moebus Kg. Centrifuge
US4285462A (en) * 1979-01-09 1981-08-25 Robatel S.L.P.I. Centrifuges with hydraulic controls
US4401429A (en) * 1980-03-13 1983-08-30 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Self-emptying solid bowl centrifuge
US4490133A (en) * 1981-04-21 1984-12-25 Westfalia Separator Ag Self-discharging centrifugal drum outlet valve regulating device
US5599270A (en) * 1994-01-11 1997-02-04 Filtan Filter-Anlagenbau Gmbh Centrifugal separator with flow regulator
US5735787A (en) * 1994-01-11 1998-04-07 Filtan Filter-Anlagenbau Gmbh Centrifugal separator with flow regulator and method
CN116236937A (zh) * 2023-05-11 2023-06-09 瑞之恩生物科技(河南)有限公司 物料混合装置
CN116236937B (zh) * 2023-05-11 2023-08-01 瑞之恩生物科技(河南)有限公司 物料混合装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1295526A (de) 1972-11-08
DE2024726A1 (de) 1971-02-25

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