US1616968A - Corrugated roofing or siding sheet - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 8 y

N. 1 .l HALL CRRUGATED ROOFING O SIDING SHEET Filed Jac). 9, "1926 INVENTOR. N A MJS .f1

' ATTORNEYS.

light', f A mudllhwlffluh I l l l l1 nlrlrlhlllw l l l l l Patented Feb.. 8, 1927.

1,516,968 PATENT ortica.

NEWTON L. HALL, oF LA SALLE, ILLINOIS.

CORRUGATED ROOFING 0R SIDING SHEET.

Application filed January This invention relates to'metallic roofing or siding and particularly roofing or siding formed of relatively large corrugated sheets.'

There has always been a demand for a metallic roofing and in response to this dcmand four different forms, as they may be termed, have been provided: i. e., roofing sheets, the margins of which are interlocked or soldered, metallic shingles, metallic tilt- 1 ing, that is, roofing sheets shaped to simulate tiles, and corrugated sheets. Metallic shingles have never been entirely satisfactory as it is difficult to make a proper joint which will prevent the passage ot water and also v.becausethe stamped composite designs are so evidently imitations.- The individual metallic tile has developed a very good eli'cct -but requires very careful mechanical work thereon in order to make a good job. The interlocked metallic sheets also require very careful joining and soldering and are very liable to open at-the joint and, corrugated roong sheets, though more easily laid and not requiring the mechanical skillrequired by the other forms of etallic roofing, are monotonous and ugly 1n design and, furthermore do not retain snow upon the roof but allow thesno'w to slide off' of the roof in a partially congealed condition which makes this formof roof more or less dangerous'. Furthermore, though the corrugations strengthen the roofing sheet longitudinally they do not tend to strengthen it laterally. A further objection to stamped designs on metallic v-roofingunits is thaty the stamped.

designs do not carrythe drainage downward along the slope of the-roof. A fur-ther objection 4to metallic roofs is that the roofing sheets must be nailed or .otherwise held to the rafters or to the sheathingand no provision is made for draining water away from the .nail so lthat water is liable Ato collect around the nail head and .percolatethrough the nail opening. Furthermore, where the edges of the individual units are sealned these seams are liable to become filled with l dirt, thus adding to the capillarity of the seam and inasmuch `as the seams are of small dimenslons, capillary attraction 1s liable to draw water into the seam and cause the water to flow beyond the overlap.

The objects of my present invention are to provide an improved roofing sheet which requires but few pieces to cover a given area,

9, 1926. serial No1-80,282.

which is particularly strong by virtue of the fact .that it is longitudinally corrugated and laterally bridged, that the corrugations have sufficient depth to prevent capillary attraction carrying water beyond the overlap of the two sheets, and which is further so formed that the sheet has a pleasing appearance closely resembling` a wicker or tiling effect, thus relieving the monotony ot ordinarytcorrugated sheet metal and making my roofing sheet particularly applicable to dwellings, filling stations, etc.

A further object is to 4provide means whereby continuous valleys are Jformed entending down the ,roof which will permit proper drainage, the sheet, however, beingl so constructed that it will act to retain snow upon the roof and prevent the sliding of this, snow down the smooth surface of the roof and in this connection to so construct this sheet that the drainage toward the nail hole or nail, whereby the sheet is held to the roof, is reducedto a minimum.

Other and more detailed objects will api fied form ofroofing sheet, the section being.

taken through two adjoining sheets on a line midway between the two sets of depressions; i

Figure 4 is a top plan view of a roofing .sheet such as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 is a longitudinal section 0n the line 5-5 of Figure 4;`

Figure 6 is a fragmentary cross section of a corrugated. roofing sheet formed in` accordance -with my invention and showing a modification in the form of the corrugations.

Referring to Figures 1 to 5 it will V'be seenV that general] speaking this roofing sheet 10 has the orm of v'ordinary corrugated sheetmetal, that is, it is formedjwitn alternate longitudinally extending crests 11 and valleys 12, these crests and valleys exis transversely weak and be limited to this,

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rtendin the full length of the sheet and the crests eing provided with openings for the insertion of nails 13, these nails b eing of the ordinary type commonly used with corrugated sheet metal, being driven through the sheathing 14, and each nail having a relatively wide head resting against awaslier 15 which is preferably of lead or like niaterial. l e

So far I have described an ordinary form of corrugated metal used for roofing or siding.,l Such a sheet may be llaid cleaplyandquickly because of its relatively large area but such a sheet as this is monotonous in design and appearance,

is open to the objections that water running down the ridge or crest 11 Iwill drain toward the nail hole and water of condensation forming under the sheet will ilow continuously base of the corrugation and between it and the support-ing sheathing by capillarity or drip, and: of course, snow will not be retained upon this sheet. In order to avoid these objections I form by stamping, pressing or any other means, a series of depressions 16 in the crests'or ridges 11 ofthe corrugations, elevations 17 at intervals in the valleys 12. These depressions 16 are arcuate in longitudinal section and are disposed at intervals of approximately 6" from-each other and the reverse depressions or elevations 17 are likewise arcuate longitudinally and disposed at intervals of about 6 and alternate with the depressions 16. As shown in Figure 1 the depressions 16 and 17 are approximately flat transversely. y In Figure 3, however, I illustrate depressions 16?l and 17a which are transversely curved. In Figure 1 I have shown the lateral margins of two c'oacting sheets as being overlapped to an extent of a valley and a ridge and have shown these overlappingridges and valleys as being formed with depressions 16 and 17.` I do not wish to however, and in Figure 3 I havel illustrated the margins of the two sheets as havingy plain corrugations 18 which overlap eachother and without any depressions inthe overlapping ridges and valleys. In Figure`6 I have illustrated a roofing sheet wherein the main longitudinally extending corrugations 11 and 12 have the depressions 16b and 17", the bottoms of these depressions, however, .instead of being transversely curved as shown respectively in Figures 1 and 3, being formed to conform more or less in general contourto the major corrugations that is, the bot-tom of the depression 16 at its middle is upwardly convex while the upper face of the upward projection 17 or reverse depression, as it may be termed, is transversely concave.

This structure as shown in Figure 6 has 'the .following advantage Inmaking a desheet such as) is along the,

and form reverse depressions or valley depressions.

pression as shown iii Figure 1, the arcis reduced to a chord extending transverse of. the corrugation. This chord is, 1n Figure 3 formed as an arc'of larger radius but in either case the length ot the original arc.` must be reduced to form the chord or is upset.7 The structure shown in Figure .6 shows a crimped depression llpurposely idesigned so that the length 'over the crimps'are the same as the origina-l lengthio the arc, thereby avoiding any necessity for transverse upsetting. It is to be noted that the crimp in the valley 12, which crimp extends longitudinally of the depression 171 allows a drainage ot' the valley 12 almost on a level with the valley, that is, the depression 17b does not dam the drainage to the same height as would the depression 17EL inA Figure 3, or 17 in Figure 1. where the descending drainage over the depression 17 is almost on a level with the portion 19. This is not the case with the structure shown in Figure 6.

lVhile, of course, I do not wish to be limited to the particular dimensions given. I may state that in actual practice this sheet, which will be formed preferably of zinc, or vzinc coated steel, will have the dimensions of an ordinary corrugated sheet metal sheetso that not over Jfour sheetsfare required to cover one square7 The corrugations will be ypreferably 21/2 X 7/8' and each depression 16 andthe reverse depression 17 is not more than one-half of the depth of the cori'ugations. The depressions adjacent the top and lower ends of the sheet will be spaced 'from the end ot' the sheet a distance of approximately 111/2 inches. sions will be spaced about every 6f along the ridge with the valley depressions 17 disposed intermediate thei ridge depressions. This spacing allows a uniformity of sheet to any 6 or 12 of length. Sidecorrugations can be-left plain as in Figure 3 or formed with depressions as is`therest of .the sheet, as shown in Figure 1. The depressions 16 Then the depres- ,j

or 17 may be of any desired length but the width ot the depression is governed by the depth which is never more than half 'of the depth of the corrugation. The side edges of the sheet must always extend beyond the depressions along this side edge. illustrated in Figurev 1 the margin of the sheet as at 19,. projects beyond the corresponding depression 17 or 16 and thesheet is not cut or bounded by a. line passing through either the ridge depressions or the This prevents any lateral drainage which might pass along the top of the depression and over the side of the sheet. This is assisted by making the top face of a depression on a curve. as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 6 rather than a Hat surtace, as shown in Figure 1. The sheet is to be applied in the same manner as any corirugated sheet and preferably against the That is, as

sheathing paper in the manner illustrated. While my sheet can be initially pressed into the desired shape, the proper Way of forming it is to first corrugate the sheet tol a proper width or depth-and then press the depressions into the'sheet. In making these depressions 16 or 17 the cross section of the depression will show a reduction in transverse length but this is"co1npensated for by the fact that the longitudinal section along the ridge shows a'length which Will balance the two effects. The sheet. should not be so depressed as to injure the metallic fiber. strength or grain of the sheet but should leave the sheet with its initial merits of strength and elasticity. While I have illustrated these depressions as being formed on a line normal to the corrugations, the depressions can be disposed at an angle to these lines thus developing a herring-bone effect if'desired. .J'Ihe'severaI advantages ofl this invention lie not only in the improved appearance of the roof itself which, as before remarked, simulates tiling,v but in the fact that the depressions 16 and 17 very greatly strengthen the sheet for the reason that these depressionsextend transversely of the cor'- rugations and develop a lateral stiffness or truss effect which will simultaneously developv a longitudinal strength. This prevents the corrugations from spreading side-- wise or tending to flattenout and adds very greatly to the stiffness and rigidity 4of the metal sheet. A further object resides in the fact that a depression immediately above a nail hole or the head of the nail intercepts the'iow of rain water downward along the ridge and' deflects the rain water laterally-j into an adjacent valley so` that there is a minimum of drainage area. Thus, for ninstance, referring to Figures 1 and 2 it will be obvious that rain Water will tend to drain laterally over. the ,crest in Figure 1 and that the only rainwater which can possibly drain toward'the nail head is the Water which may be collected below a depression 16 and the next adjacent nail head lower down, which is [obviously very slight, particularly if the nail be driven adjacent to the depression 16 just above the nail. `With my construction when side laps are formed of 1% corrugations, any percolationwhich.'passes laterally over 'the first. ridge of the seam is drained by yan intercepting valley so that ample means is provided tolgprevent capillary attraction from. carrying water laterally betweenV the overlapping surfaces -at the margins of two sheets and draining over theside margin of the under sheet. 'At cer-A vtain seasons of the/'year when exteriorl tem.- 'perature is lower than the interior -temperature. the chill of a metallic roofing'sheet willv effect a condensation of the moisture ofthe interior -air and this condensation will collect on the under sideof' the chilled roofing- -deformed corrugations such as mine,'the continulty of this drainage is interrupted'and thus it affords an opportunity for the yvater to spread over the rooting paper and be absorbed by a relativelyl large surface Without affectingthe roofing aper, deleteriously. The indentations `or epressions assist in holding the snow load to the roof and thus vguards for this purpose arel not required. It will also Ybe noted that the depressions or indentations make a series of upright in-v verted arches lextending transversely and also longitudinally of the sheet so that the sheet is stiifened laterallyand forms "a bridged corrugated sheet.v In actual practice it has been found that the de ressions not only, bridge and stiffenthe s eet lat# erally but also stiffen it on a line normal to the direction of the'corrugationf Such asheet can be-Walked over with much less harm to the sheet than is possible Where a plainv corrugated sheet is used. I `do not wish to be limited to the exact form of the depressions or indentationsofthe sheet nor to the exact placingl of these indentations or depressions as Ihave illustrated them, as it is obvious lthat these details may be modified in many ways Without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

1. As an article' of manufacture, a' longitudinally corrugated metallic sheet having uniformly spaced depressionsin the crests and valleys of the corrugations, v'said depresrions extending toward the medial plane of the corrugated sheet.

2. As an article of manufacture, a longitending toward the medial plane of the sheet,

said depressions having a depth approximately equalsto one-.half Lthe depth yof' the corrugations.v

3. As an article .of manufacture, a longi-IY Vtudinall'y corrugated metallic sheethaving the. crests and valleys, throughout-substanjtially the -Whole extent of the sheet, formed at intervals with depressions extending toward the medial plane of the sheet, the depressions extending rthe full Width of the respective crests or valleys 'but `being of less .depth than the depth of the corrugations.

4. As an article of manufacture a longituvldinally corrugated metallic sheet having -the crests and valleysof 4v.the corrugat1ons,' .K

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the sheet and the valleys formed at intervals,

throughout the entire extent. of the sheet with depressions extending reversely to the first named depressions, the corrugations adjacent the upper and lower ends of the. sheet being disposed inward of the edges of theL7 sheet, the lateral margins of the sheet extending beyond adjacent depressions.

6. As an article of manufacture, a longitudinally corrugatedv metallic sheet having nail hole openings extending through the' crests of the corrugations, the crest of each corrugation above and adjacent leach nail hole opening being formed with a depression equal in vvidth to the Width of the crest but less in depth than the depth of the corrugations to thereby discharge Water into the valleys 0neach side .of the crest, said depression acting' to prevent rain from running down the crest of the corrugation into said nail hole.

7. As an article of manufacture, a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of alternatecrests and valleys, each crest' and each valley being deformed at intervals throughout substantially. the entire extent of the sheet, said deformations extendingtransversely to the direction of the corrugations,y

the deformations being less in depth than the depth of the corrugations.

8. y As an article of manufacture a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of alternate crests and valleys, the valleys on both sides` of the sheet being deformed at intervals throughout substantially the `entire extent of the sheet to provide transversely extends` ing bridged portions.

9. As, an article of manufacture a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a seriesy of alternate crests and valleys, eachicrest being deformed at intervals throughout substantially the entire extent of the sheet to provide depressed Iof the medial vertical portions discharging laterally into the adjacent valley.

10. As an article of manufacture a metallic' sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of alternate crests and valleys, each crest having transverselyT extending pressed out portions less in depth than the depth of the crest, and each valley being formed at intervals to -provide pressed out transversely extending por-` tionsless in depth than the depth of the valley, said pressed out portions being longitudinally crimped along the middle line.

1l. As an article of manufacture a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of alternate crests and valleys, each -crest at intervals being deformed to provide a transversely rounded depressed portionhaving a longitudinally extending transversely rounded crimp along its middle,the length of said crest over a crimp being the same as the original transverse length of the crest prior to deformation. u

12. As an article of manufacture, a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of alternate crests and valleys, each crest being bounded at separated intervals on eac-l1 side of the medial vertical plane of the crest by depressions in thecrest less in depth than the depth of the crest and extending toward the medial plane of the sheet, and each ,valley being bounded at separated intervals by depressions on each side of the medial vertical plane of the valley extending in an opposite direction to the depressions in the crest and toward the medial plane of the s heet.

13. As an article of manufacture a metallic sheet having corrugations extending parallel to each other to provide a series of al-4 100 ternate crests and valleys, each crest being bounded at separated intervals on each side plane of the crest by depressions viny the crest less indepth than the depth of the crest and extendingtoward 1 05 the medial plane of the sheet,l and each valley being bounded atseparated intervals by depressions on each side of the medial verticalplane of the valley extending in an opposite Adirection to the depressions in the crest and toward' the' medial plane of the sheet, the depressions in the valleysfbeing staggered Wiith relation to thef depressionsin the crests.'

In testimony signature.

"NEWro'un HALL.

whereof I hereunto aliix my

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