TWI407815B - 在行動通訊系統中請求無線電資源之方法 - Google Patents
在行動通訊系統中請求無線電資源之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/02—Hybrid access
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Description
本發明係關於一種多媒體廣播/多播服務(MBMS),且尤係關於一種用於傳輸資訊供支援一終端之行動性及提供MBMS服務的方法
第1圖顯示E-UMTS之網路結構,其係關於相關技術及本發明二者之行動電訊系統。該E-UMTS係一已從現存UMTS系統進化之系統。
E-UMTS系統之基本標準化目前正由第三代合夥專案(3GPP)發展中。E-UMTS系統可稱為長期進化(LTE)系統。
如第1圖所示,一E-UMTS網路可由一E-UTRAN及一核心網路(CN)組成。E-UTRAN可包括使用者設備(UE)、一稱為eNodeB或eNB之基地台、及一位於網路末端且連接至外部網路之存取閘道(AG)。
AG可分成用於處理使用者流量之一部分及用於處理控制流量的一部分。用於處理使用者流量之AG部分及用於處理控制流量之AG部分,可經由一用於通訊之新介面彼此連接。
一或多數細胞可存在於eNodeB(eNB)中,該等eNodeB可藉由一用於傳輸使用者流量或控制流量之介面連接。
CN亦可包括AG及一用於UE之使用者註冊的節點。亦可在E-UMTS中提供一介面,以區分E-UTRAN及CN。
介於一行動終端及一網路間之無線電介面協定層,可依據通訊系統中為人熟知之開放系統互連(OSI)模型的三下層,分為一第一層(L11)、一第二層(L2)、及一第三層(L3)。第一層之實體層使用實體通道提供資訊轉移。一位於第三層中之無線電資源控制(RRC)層控制行動終端及網路間之無線電資源。
RRC層在行動終端與網路間交換RRC訊息。該RRC層可位於諸如eNodeB及AG之各網路節點中,或位於eNodeB中或AG中。
第2圖顯示基於3GPP無線存取網路規格,在一終端及一UMTS地面無線電存取網路(UTRAN)間之無線電介面協定的控制平面之架構。第2圖之無線電介面協定水平係由一實體層、一資料鏈路層及一網路層表示,且垂直係由一用於傳輸資料之使用者平面及一用於傳輸控制訊號之控制平面表示。
第2圖之該等協定層可依據通訊系統中為人熟知之開放系統互連(OSI)模型的三下層,分為一第一層(L1)、一第二層(L2)及一第三層(L3)。現將解釋第2圖所示之控制平面中的各無線電協定層,及第3圖所示之使用者平面中的各無線電協定層。
一實體層(其係第一層)使用一實體通道提供資訊轉移服務至一上層。該實體層係經由一傳輸通道連接至一位於其上之媒體存取控制(MAC)層。
資料係在MAC層與實體層間經由一傳送通道轉移。資料亦在不同實體層間轉移(明確言之,在一傳輸側之實體層及一接收側之實體層之間)。
第二層之MAC層經由一邏輯通道提供服務至無線電鏈路控制(RLC)層(係其上層)。第二層之RLC層支援可靠資料傳輸。
應注意RLC層係顯示於虛線中,因為若RLC功能係在MAC層中實施且由其施行,則RLC層本身可能無須存在。
第二層之一封包資料收斂協定(PDCP)層係用以使用IP封包(例如IPv4或IPv6),以相對較窄頻寬在無線電介面上有效地傳輸資料。PDCP層施行標頭壓縮以減少含有不必要控制資訊之相對較大IP封包標頭的大小。
一位於第三層最底部處的無線電資源控制(RRC)層係僅在控制平面中界定。RRC層處理用於無線電載送之組態、重組態及釋放的傳送及實體通道。一無線電載送(RB)指一由第二層提供用於在行動終端及UTRAN間資料轉移之服務。
用於將資料自一網路傳輸至一行動終端之下行鏈路傳送通道,可包括一用於傳輸系統資訊之廣播通道(BCH),及一用於傳輸使用者流量或控制訊息之下行鏈路共享通道(SCH)。下行鏈路多播服務或廣播服務之使用者流量或控制訊息可經由下行鏈路SCH,或經由一額外下行鏈路多播通道(MCH)傳輸。用於將資料自一行動終端傳輸至一網路之上行鏈路傳送通道,可包括用於傳輸一初始控制訊息之隨機存取通道(RACH),及用於傳輸使用者流量或控制訊息的上行鏈路共享通道(SCH)。
以下將詳盡解釋一隨機存取通道(RACH)。一般而言,當一終端與一網路同步化或該終端傳輸用於上行鏈路之對應資料,若沒有上行鏈路無線電資源來傳輸資料時,一RACH係用來獲得一無線電資源。
例如,當打開一終端時,該終端大體上會對於下行鏈路同步化,以致能從其需求存取之一細胞接收系統資訊。該終端應在接收系統資訊後將一存取請求訊息傳輸至網路或基地台用於一RRC連接。然而,若其目前未與網路同步化且未獲取上行鏈路無線電資源,則該終端使用RACH。
換句話說,該終端使用RACH請求一無線電資源用於將存取請求訊息傳輸至網路。基地台接著將一適當無線電資源分配予終端以允許該終端傳輸RRC連接訊息。該終端可接著使用所分配無線電資源,將RRC連接訊息傳輸至網路。
在另一實例中,當終端與網路形成一RRC連接時,該終端根據無線電資源排程自網路獲取無線電資源,及使用所分配無線電資源將資料傳輸至網路。然而,若沒有資料留在終端緩衝器裡,則網路可能不會分配上行鏈路無線電資源,因為將上行鏈路無線電資源分配予一無資料傳輸的終端係沒有效率。終端緩衝器之狀態係週期性地或依據事件產生報告予網路。若不需要一無線電資源的新資料在緩衝器中產生時,該終端因為其目前不具分配之上行鏈路無線電資源而使用RACH。換句話說,該終端使用RACH請求一需要傳輸資料至網路之無線電資源。
在下文中,將解釋寬頻分碼多存取(WCDMA)中之一RACH。RACH通道係用來透過上行鏈路傳輸具有短長度之資料。
一部分RRC訊息(例如RRC連接請求訊息、細胞更新訊息或URA更新訊息)可在RACH上傳輸。邏輯通道CCCH(共用控制通道)、DCCH(專用控制通道)及DTCH(專用流量通道)被映射至RACH,且RACH映射至一實體通道PRACH(實體隨機存取通道)。
當終端之MAC層指示一PRACH傳輸至一終端之實體層時,該終端之實體層選擇一存取槽及一簽名,以經由上行鏈路將一PRACH前序碼傳輸至該終端的實體層。該前序碼係傳輸用於具有1.33毫秒之存取槽間隔。十六種簽名中之一被選擇,且傳輸達該存取槽之一第一初始部分的某一長度。
基地台在該終端傳輸該前序碼後,使用一下行鏈路實體通道AICH(擷取指示符通道)傳輸一回應訊號。回應該前序碼所傳輸之AICH傳輸由該前序碼選擇之簽名,達到該存取槽對應於已傳輸存取槽之初始部分的某一長度。
基地台使用自AICH傳輸之簽名將一肯定回應(ACK)或否定回應(NACK)傳輸至該終端。當接收到ACK訊號,該終端使用一對應於已傳輸簽名之OVSF碼傳輸一具有10毫秒或20毫秒長度的訊息部分。當接收到NACK時,該終端之MAC層在一適當時間週期後指示再次PRACH傳輸至該終端之實體層。若該終端未接收到對應於先前傳輸前序碼的AICH,該終端在一指定存取槽後,使用比先前前序碼更高一位準之功率傳輸一新前序碼。
通道品質指示符(CQI)資訊係使一終端能在目前細胞中測量下行鏈路通道狀態,及提供測量狀態至基地台之資訊。基地台接著使用所提供之CQI資訊施行無線電資源排程。例如,若CQI之值可能自1至10,則1指示通道係未處於良好狀態,且10指示通道係處於良好狀態。
當該終端傳輸10之CQI資訊至基地台時,基地台可決定目前下行鏈路通道係處於良好狀態,且依據更高位元率將資料傳輸至該終端。相反地,當該終端傳輸1之CQI資訊至基地台時,該基地台可決定該下行鏈路通道未處於良好狀態,且依據較低位元率將資料傳輸至該終端。基地台事前通知該終端,即該終端應週期性地或依據事件發生施行報告以傳輸CQI資訊。
自終端至此基地台之控制訊號的另一實例係混合自動重覆及請求(HARQ)之ACK/NACK發訊。HARQ指藉由組合由RLC層執行之ARQ與藉由實體層執行的正向錯誤校正所獲得的操作。
換句話說,若其決定自MAC層及實體層接收之資料有錯誤,則終端請求從該基地台再傳輸資料且再次接收資料。若接收成功執行,則接收器(終端)傳輸ACK發訊至傳輸器,且若接收失敗傳輸NACK發訊至傳輸器,以通知自傳輸器(基地台)接收之資料狀態。傳輸器根據ACK/NACK發訊決定是否再傳輸對應資料。
自終端至基地台之控制訊號的其他實例係RLC層之狀態報告訊息。RLC層執行ARQ以傳輸具可靠性之資料。換句話說,傳輸器將一序列號碼附加至各資料單元,而接收器識別自RLC層接收之資料單元的序列號碼,以決定是否已傳輸所有資料。
例如,當傳輸器已將第一至第十資料單元傳輸至接收器,且接收器之RLC層正常地接收八資料單元(對應於第一至第五資料單元及第八至第十資料單元)時,其透過狀態報告訊息通知傳輸器未正確接收第六及第七資料單元,且已正確地接收其他資料單元。因此,傳輸器在接收到狀態報告訊息後將第六及第七資料單元再次傳輸至接收器。
在相關方法中,若需要傳輸資料至基地台,RRC連接狀態中不具有上行鏈路無線電資源之一終端使用RACH,來請求基地台提供無線電資源用於資料傳輸。然而,若終端使用RACH,因為該終端請求可能與來自其他終端之請求碰撞而會發生問題。例如,若二者以上的終端同時傳輸RACH前序碼及藉由使用相同簽名之相同資源時,碰撞會發生且用於請求無線電資源的延遲時間會增加。
此外,使用RACH之一終端應等待如RACH資源之次一分配週期一般多之時間。例如,若RACH資源之分配週期係10毫秒,則該終端應等待多達10毫秒以使用RACH。
再者,當在RRC連接狀態之一終端不具有需要將資料傳輸至基地台之上行鏈路無線電資源,且所有終端使用RACH來請求無線電資源時,RACH資源的分配將因此增加。在此等環境下,會發生來自終端之傳輸間的碰撞,且延遲時間增加如RACH資源之分配週期一般多。此外,當因為所有終端透過RACH請求無線電來源而使RACH資源量增加時,問題亦會發生。
本發明之一目的係提供一種使用一上行鏈路及RACH用的控制訊號以從基地台迅速地獲取一無線電資源的方法。
在本發明之一態樣中,係提供一種在行動通訊系統中排程無線電資源的方法。該方法包括傳輸一控制訊號,其包括一請求無線電資源的指示;接收一第一無線電資源的分配;及使用該第一無線電資源傳輸一訊息。
本發明涵蓋:若留下的待傳輸資料量係多於可使用該第一無線電資源傳輸的資料量,則該訊息包括一對於一第二無線電資源之請求,或若留下的待傳輸資料量係少於或等於可使用該第一無線電資源傳輸的資料量,則該訊息僅包括資料。本發明進一步涵蓋該訊息係一對於一第二無線電資源之請求,且該方法更包括接收一第二無線電資源的分配,及使用該第二無線電資源來傳輸資料。
本發明也涵蓋對於該無線電資源之請求包括資料。進一步涵蓋該控制訊號,其包括以下之一:CQI資訊、一ACK/NACK或一狀態報告訊息。
在本發明另一態樣中,係提供一種在行動電訊系統中排程無線電資源的方法。該方法包括傳輸一包括請求一無線電資源之指示,該指示被包括在一透過一隨機存取通道(RACH)傳輸之前序碼及一透過一控制通道傳輸之控制訊號兩者中之一內;接收一第一無線電資源的分配;使用該第一無線電資源傳輸一對於第二無線電資源之請求,該請求包括資料;接收一第二無線電資源的分配及使用該第二無線電資源來傳輸資料。
本發明涵蓋傳輸請求一無線電資源之指示,其包括計算一使用RACH以獲取無線電資源所需的第一時間,及一使用控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的第二時間,且決定所計算之第一時間及第二時間中哪一者較少。本發明更涵蓋傳輸請求一無線電資源的指示,其包括,決定一資料服務類型,且若該資料服務類型係對延遲時間敏感,則將該請求一無線電資源之指示包括於該前序碼中;或若該資料服務類型對於延遲時間不敏感,則將該請求一無線電資源之指示包括在該控制訊號中。較佳的是,該傳輸請求一無線電資源之指示包括決定一資料服務優先順序,計算一使用RACH以獲取無線電資源所需的第一時間,及一使用控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的第二時間,且若決定該資料服務具有高優先順序,則依據所計算之第一時間及第二時間中哪一者較少,將該指示包括在該前序碼及控制訊號中之一,或若決定該資料服務具有低優先順序,則將該指示包括在該控制訊號中。
在本發明之一態樣中,係提供一種在行動電訊系統中排程無線電資源的方法。該方法包括接收一控制信號(其包括請求一無線電資源之一指示),傳輸一第一無線電資源的分配,及接收使用該第一無線電資源傳輸之一訊息。
本發明涵蓋:若在傳輸該訊息之一行動終端中留下的待傳輸資料量,係多於可使用第一無線電資源傳輸的資料量時,則該訊息包括一對於一第二無線電資源之請求;或若在行動終端中留下的待傳輸資料量係少於或等於可使用第一無線電資源傳輸的資料量,則該訊息僅包括資料。本發明更涵蓋該訊息係一對於一第二無線電資源的請求,且該方法更包括傳輸一第二無線電資源的分配,且接收使用第二無線電資源傳輸的資料。
本發明涵蓋對於無線電資源之該請求,包括資料。本發明更涵蓋更包括決定資料是否留待接收該訊息的一行動終端傳輸之該方法。較佳係該控制訊號包括以下之一:CQI資訊、一ACK/NACK及一狀態報告訊息中。
在本發明另一態樣中,係提供一種在行動電訊系統中排程無線電資源的方法。該方法包括接收一包括請求一無線電資源之指示,該指示被包括在一透過一隨機存取通道(RACH)傳輸之前序碼及一透過一控制通道傳輸之控制訊號兩者中之一內;傳輸一第一無線電資源的分配;接收一使用該第一無線電資源傳輸對於一第二無線電資源之請求;該請求包括資料;傳輸一第二無線電資源的分配,且接收使用該第二無線電資源傳輸之資料。
本發明涵蓋:若一行動通訊終端使用RACH傳輸該指示以獲取無線電資源所需的一時間,係少於該行動通訊終端使用控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的一時間時,則請求一無線電資源之該指示係在該前序碼中接收;或若該行動通訊終端使用RACH以獲取無線電資源所需的該時間,係多於該行動通訊終端使用控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的時間時,則該指示係在該控制訊號中接收。本發明更涵蓋若一資料服務類型係對延遲時間敏感,則該請求一無線電資源之指示係在該前序碼中接收,或若資料服務類型對於延遲時間不敏感,則該指示係在該控制訊號中接收。較佳的是,若一資料服務具有高優先順序,且一行動通訊終端使用RACH傳輸該指示以獲取無線電資源所需的一時間,係少於該行動通訊終端使用控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的一時間時,則該請求一無線電資源之指示係在該前序碼中接收;或若該資料服務具有低優先順序,或若該資料服務具有高優先順序且該行動通訊終端使用RACH以獲取無線電資源所需的該時間,係多於該行動通訊終端使用該控制訊號以獲得無線電資源所需的該時間,則該指示係在該控制訊號中接收。
以下說明將提出本發明之附加特徵及優點,且部分將會從說明中瞭解,或可藉由本發明的實現而習得。應瞭解本發明之以上一般性說明及以下詳細說明係範例性及解釋性,且係旨於提供本發明之申請專利範圍的進一步解釋。
熟習此項技術人士亦將可自參考附圖之具體實施例的以下詳細說明中瞭解此等及其他範例性具體實施例,本文不限於所揭示之任何特定具體實施例。
現將詳細參考本發明之較佳具體實施例,其實例係顯示於附圖中。雖然本發明將結合較佳具體實施例說明,應理解所描述的具體實施例無意特定限制本發明於該等具體實施例。相反地,本發明係意於涵蓋替代、修改及等效者,其可包括在隨附申請專利範圍所界定之本發明的精神內。
本發明之揭示係關於行動電訊系統(諸如E-UMTS)。然而,可將本發明應用於依據其他標準操作的電訊系統。
本發明提供一種用於當該終端係在RRC連接狀態中而不具有上行鏈路無線電資源時,允許一終端使用一上行鏈路及RACH用之一控制訊號請求一無線電資源的方法。較佳係,該控制訊號包括表示一下行鏈路之通道狀態的CQI資訊、HARQ之ACK/NACK發訊、及RLC層之狀態報告訊息中之一。較佳係該終端將一無線電資源分配請求訊息傳輸至基地台(eNode-B),且基地台執行無線電資源的排程。
第4圖顯示根據本發明之一具體實施例在行動電訊系統中請求一無線電資源的方法。如第4圖所示,即使終端10(UE)從基地台(eNode-B)20接收下行鏈路資料(S10),但終端目前沒有上行鏈路資料欲傳輸至基地台,且未從基地台分配任何上行鏈路無線電資源。
雖然終端10不具有資料欲傳輸至上行鏈路,但其應將控制資訊(例如CQI資訊、HARQ之ACK/NACK發訊、及狀態報告訊息)傳輸至基地台20。CQI資訊報告下行鏈路之無線電通道狀態且該狀態報告訊息指示接收在RLC層內之資料單元。
換句話說,終端10應在從基地台接收資料期間將控制訊號傳輸至基地台20,即使該終端不具有欲傳輸至基地台之資料。因此,基地台20將一特定無線電資源分配予終端10,以允許終端10傳輸控制訊號。
當欲傳輸之新資料係在緩衝器中時,終端10仍不具有已分配之上行鏈路無線電資源(S11)。此係因為緩衝器先前係空。因此,該終端必須自基地台20請求一無線電資源以傳輸新資料。
終端10可使用控制訊號(諸如CQI資訊、HARQ之ACK/NACK發訊、及RLC層之一狀態報告)以自基地台20請求無線電資源。換句話說,終端20可透過控制訊號通知基地台20對於無線電資源的請求(S12)。
本發明之一方法藉由增加1位元之資訊至控制訊號,而使用該控制訊號來從基地台20請求無線電資源。1位元之資訊指示終端10是否請求該無線電資源。
用於使用控制訊號來從基地台20請求無線電資源之本發明的另一方法,係欲使用現存資訊位元。例如,若CQI發訊係4位元資訊,且用0000及1100間之位元來表示CQI資訊,則「1111」可用作資訊以請求該無線電資源。
基地台20決定終端10是否透過包括在控制訊號中之無線電資源請求資訊來請求無線電資源。當終端10請求無線電資源時,基地台20將無線電資源分配予終端,該終端才可傳輸無線電資源請求訊息(S13)。
當從基地台分配上行鏈路無線電資源時,終端10將無線電資源請求訊息傳輸至基地台20(S14)。無線電資源請求訊息可包括該終端之緩衝器狀態、終端的優先次序、資料的優先次序、及CQI資訊。
取決於從基地台20分配之無線電資源的速率,無線電資源請求訊息可額外包括該終端的資料。例如,若終端10可將100位元發送至所分配之無線電資源,用於傳輸來自基地台20之無線電資源請求訊息,且該無線電資源請求訊息具有20位元之大小,若終端10具有200位元的緩衝器大小,則首先終端10透過所分配無線電資源傳輸80位元的資料連同無線電資源請求訊息。
此外,若緩衝器具有小規模資料,終端10可傳輸該終端之資料無須無線電資源請求訊息。例如,若基地台20可將100位元之資料發送至所分配之無線電資源,用於傳輸來自基地台20之無線電資源請求訊息,緩衝器具有90位元的資料且無線電資源請求訊息係20位元,則終端10僅將緩衝器之90位元的資料包括在100位元的無線電資源中,而沒有無線電資源請求訊息。若無線電資源請求訊息未包括在分配用於傳輸無線電資源請求訊息之無線電資源中,則基地台20決定用於傳輸之資料不再存在於該終端中。
基地台20在接收該無線電資源請求訊息後將無線電資源分配至終端10(S15)。如上述,若終端之所有資料已連同無線電資源請求訊息傳輸至基地台,或所有資料已傳輸至對應無線電資源,基地台20不再分配無線電資源予終端10。換句話說,基地台20可透過該無線電資源請求訊息之資訊或該訊息的出現決定終端10的所有資料是否已傳輸。
一旦終端10從基地台20分配無線電資源,其透過無線電資源將上行鏈路資料傳輸至基地台(S16)。
根據本發明,一不具無線電資源之終端可藉由使用控制訊號或RACH請求無線電資源以傳輸新資料。
在本發明之一第一方法中,該終端根據一用於獲取無線電資源之時間決定是否使用RACH或控制訊號。換句話說,該終端將RACH資源週期及使用RACH以獲取無線電資源所需時間的和,與RACH資源之週期及使用控制訊號以獲取無線電資源所需時間的和比較,且決定是否使用RACH或控制訊號。
例如,考慮RACH資源週期係TRACH
,該終端有關其中自緩衝器請求無線電資源作為新資料之次一RACH資源週期的備用時間係TRACH-NOW
,且藉由使用RACH以獲取用於資料傳輸之無線電資源的時間係TRACH_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
。藉由使用RACH從該終端獲取無線電資源作為新資料之所需時間的和係TRACH-NOw
+TRACH_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
。
此外,考慮該終端用於發送次一控制訊號以自該終端之緩衝器請求無線電資源作為新資料的備用時間係TNEXT CONTROL
,且藉由使用控制訊號獲取用於資料傳輸之無線電資源的時間係TCONTROL_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
。允許終端藉由使用控制訊號獲取無線電資源所需總時間係TNEXT CONTROL
+TCONTROL_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
。
因此,該終端比較TRACH-NOW
+TRACH_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
與TNEXT CONTROL
+TCONTROL_ALLOCATED RESOURCE
且使用具有較少延遲時間之方法。
例如,當新資料發生但沒有無線電資源時,若其使用RACH須用20毫秒來獲取無線電資源,而其使用控制訊號須用10毫秒以獲得無線電資源,則終端使用控制訊號向基地台請求無線電資源。反之,當新資料發生但沒有無線電資源時,若其使用RACH須用20毫秒來獲取無線電資源,而其使用控制訊號須用30毫秒以獲得無線電資源,則終端使用RACH向基地台請求無線電資源。
在本發明之第二方法中,該終端依據一資料服務類型決定是否使用RACH或控制訊號。換句話說,該終端將控制訊號用於一對延遲時間較不敏感之資料服務,而將RACH用於對延遲時間較敏感之資料服務。
例如,對於一對延遲時間較不敏感之資料服務(例如網際網路服務),即使當使用RACH時須用15毫秒而使用控制訊號須用20毫秒時,該終端仍會使用控制訊號。當其需要鑒於無線電資源之效率時,RACH資源可依相對較小範圍分配,因為該終端藉由分離地使用RACH及控制訊號來請求無線電資源時。反之,終端將RACH用於一對延遲時間敏感之流量服務。
在本發明之第三方法中,該終端依據資料之優先次序決定是否使用RACH或控制訊號。換句話說,該終端將RACH用於具有高優先順序之服務,而將控制訊號用於具有低優先順序之服務。
終端亦計算使用RACH或控制訊號以獲取無線電資源之總時間,且基於較少總時間選擇性地使用RACH或控制訊號用於一具有高優先順序的服務。該終端恆將控制訊號用於一具有低優先順序的服務。
根據本發明,可確保各終端之快速資料傳輸,因為終端可將無線電資源請求訊息迅速及有效地傳輸至基地台,及可從基地台迅速地獲取無線電資源。
由於本發明可依若干形式具體化而不脫離其精神或基本特徵,故亦應了解除非另行規定,上述具體實施例係不受限於先前說明之任何細節,而係應廣義地視為在隨附申請專利範圍界定之範疇內。因此,所有落入申請專利範圍之計量和界限內,或此等計量和界限之等同者的改變及修改,係預期由申請專利範圍所涵蓋。
前述具體實施例及優點係僅範例性且不應構成為限制本發明。可易於將本教示應用於其他類型之設備。
本發明之說明係意欲示範且不限制申請專利範圍之範疇。熟習此項技術人士將會瞭解許多替代、修改及變化。在申請專利範圍中,當施行引用功能時,構件加功能之子句係意於涵蓋在此所述之結構,且不僅結構上等效而且係等效結構。
10...終端
20...基地台
本文所包括之附圖提供對本發明之進一步瞭解,且係併入與構成此規格書之一部分,附圖顯示本發明之具體實施例,且連同說明用以解說本發明之原理。在不同圖中由相同數字參考之本發明特徵、元件及態樣,表示依據一或多數具體實施例之相同、等效或類似特徵、元件或態樣。
第1圖顯示一行動通訊系統之E-UMTS的網路結構,其可應用於相關技術及本發明二者。
第2圖顯示無線電協定之控制平面的各層。
第3圖顯示無線電協定之使用者平面的各層。
第4圖顯示根據本發明之一具體實施例在行動電訊系統中請求一無線電資源的方法。
10...終端
20...基地台
Claims (7)
- 一種在一使用者設備(UE)處實行的請求用於上行鏈路資料的傳輸之無線電資源的方法,該上行鏈路資料的傳輸,是從該UE至一行動通訊系統的一基地台,該方法包含:當該UE從該基地台接收下行鏈路資料且沒有上行鏈路資料要傳輸至該基地台時,在一特定無線電資源上傳輸一第一控制訊號,該特定無線電資源係由該基地台分配予該UE;當該UE具有新的上行鏈路資料要傳輸至基地台時,在該特定無線電資源上傳輸一第二控制訊號,其包含一請求一無線電資源之指示;在傳輸包含了該請求該無線電資源之指示的該第二控制訊號之後,從該基地台接收一第一無線電資源的分配;及使用該第一無線電資源來傳輸一訊息。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中若留下的該UE的一待傳輸資料量係多於可使用該第一無線電資源傳輸的一資料量時,則該訊息包含一對於一第二無線電資源之請求;以及若留下的該UE的該待傳輸資料量係少於或等於可使用該第一無線電資源傳輸的該資料量時,則該訊息僅包含資料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該訊息係一對於一第二無線電資源之請求,且更包含:從該基地台接收一第二無線電資源的分配;及使用該第二無線電資源來傳輸資料。
- 一種用於排程用於上行鏈路資料的傳輸之無線電資源的方法,其中該上行鏈路資料的傳輸是從一使用者設備(UE)至一行動電訊系統中的一基地台,該方法係在該基地台處所實行,其包含:在傳輸下行鏈路資料至該UE的期間,在一特定無線電資源上接收一第一控制訊號,該特定無線電資源係由該基地台分配予該UE;在該特定無線電資源上接收一第二控制信號,其包含一請求一無線電資源之指示;將一第一無線電資源分配予該UE;傳輸該第一無線電資源的分配至該UE;及接收該UE使用該第一無線電資源傳輸之一訊息。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之方法,其中若留下的該UE的一待傳輸資料量係多於可使用第一無線電資源傳輸的一資料量時,則該訊息包括一對於一第二無線電資源之請求;以及若留下的該UE的該待傳輸資料量係少於或等於可使用該第一無線電資源傳輸的該資料量時,則該訊息僅包含資料。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之方法,其中該訊息係一對於一第二無線電資源的請求,且更包含:將一第二無線電資源分配予該UE;傳輸該第二無線電資源的分配至該UE;及接收使用該第二無線電資源傳輸的資料。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之方法,更包含:根據已接收的該訊息為何,來決定該UE中是否有留下的待傳輸資料。
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