TW294690B - - Google Patents
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- TW294690B TW294690B TW082107964A TW82107964A TW294690B TW 294690 B TW294690 B TW 294690B TW 082107964 A TW082107964 A TW 082107964A TW 82107964 A TW82107964 A TW 82107964A TW 294690 B TW294690 B TW 294690B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- perforating agent
- agent
- polyurethane
- less
- Prior art date
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004184 polymer manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 49
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 45
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical class O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1h-quinolin-2-one Chemical group N1C(=O)CCC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GPDWNEFHGANACG-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)stannyl] 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)C(CC)CCCC GPDWNEFHGANACG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004965 chloroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002344 gold compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- RCZLVPFECJNLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetraethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN(CC)CC RCZLVPFECJNLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSBNOWUAKLFCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-2-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCC1CCN(C)CC1 DSBNOWUAKLFCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMHNQZGXPNCMCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCN(C)C QMHNQZGXPNCMCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004812 organic fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004998 toluenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0019—Use of organic additives halogenated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Description
294690 at B7 五、發明説明() 本發明亦有關一種含有穿孔胞室窗之多孔性聚合物* 更待定言之,係有關一種聚胺基甲酸酯聚合物及其製法。 多孔性聚合物如,例如:聚乙烯,聚苯乙烯或聚胺基 甲酸酯在許多應用範圍褢均有價值,包括值得重視之隔熱 作用。在此方面尤其有利,因這種泡沫物具有吸引人之立 髏安定性及相當安定之隔熱效果。這二種效果主要由發泡 物之多孔結構及胞腔中氣髏組成決定。較細微胞室結構通 常為發泡物提供較佳隔熱效果。然而•當胞室變小,意即 平均直徑較小時,發泡物之壓缩強度與立體安定性亦變差 。當胞腔内含有容易壓縮或溢出胞室外之氣體時,最容易 造成不良之立髏安定性。不論那一種現象均導致胞室内部 份氣體壓力流失,造成發泡物不良之立髏安定性。值得注 意會釋出胞腔外,尤指聚胺基甲酸酯胞腔外之胞室氣體實 例為二氣化磺。近來由於考慮到許多種常用之發泡劑會傷 害到臭氧層,因此在製備多孔性聚合物(尤指聚胺基甲酸 酯)等,二氣化磺為一種極有利之發泡劑替代品。 經濟部中央揲準局員工消费合作社印裝 ^^^1· it ^nn tut St im im ml m^i i^iK 1^1^1 1 t ( ^ i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 為了順應這痼趨勢,極需發展一種改良製備多孔性聚 合物之方法,期能具有吸引人之立髏安定性與隔熱性質。 對聚胺基甲酸酯發泡物而言,尤其需要一種可以使用例如 :會産生水之二氧化磺方法·因此可産生一種具有商業上 可接受之立髏安定性與隔熱效果之發泡物。 由一般對發泡物型態及細孔性聚合物之了解,胞室平 均大小減小時,發泡物之封閉胞室含置則變得較顯著。一 胞室偽由多個界定出多値胞室窗區域之骨架與角落所構成 。“封閉胞室”通常偽指胞室窗區域完全一層膜封住,而 ___________- 3 ~_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作杜印製 A7 B7五、發明説明() 産生隔離之胞腔。封閉胞室含量高時,通常造成發泡物不 良之立體安定性。 解決立體安定性不良問題之一項可行辦法為提供一種 具有開放胞室結構之發泡物。這種結構中一艏或多痼胞室 窗完全開放*且未被一層膜密封。這種開放胞室不會流失 部份壓力,且不會出現立體安定性不良之現象。具有開放 胞室結構之多孔性聚合物(expanded polymer)之製法可由 多孔聚合物製成後碾壓,以打破胞室窗。由於碾壓硬性多 孔性聚合物會造成永久變形與傷害,因此碾壓法只適用於 彈性體聚合物。為了使硬性聚合物具有開放胞室•其製造 過程中需使用胞室開放劑。這種典型之胞室開放劑為高沸 點液體,如,例如:高分子置聚(氧次烷基)加合物。然 而,這種胞室開放劑之缺點為經常促進形成含有粗放胞室 結構之聚合物*結果經常産生較差之隔熱性。 因此需要提供一種有關立體安定性而具有“開放胞室 持性”但仍保有細撤胞室結構之發泡物。為了這艏目的, 己深入探討製備具有穿孔胞室窗之發泡物之觀念。“穿孔 ” 一詞咸了解係指胞室窗保留一層膜接觸其間之骨架與角 落·但這種膜内具有空隙,即“針孔”或穿孔。因此需要 發展可提供穿孔胞室膜但不持別提供開放胞室結構之物質 。就理論上而言,有必要發展可以促進局部擾動,在胞室 膜内造成“針孔”形成之物質。再次由理論上之觀點而言 ,最能促進局部捶動之物質為彼等與胞室聚合物具有極徹 小或沒有物理或化學交互作用之物質。與其周邊環境具有 --------7装-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210Χ2ί>7公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 294690 A6 _____B6_ 五、發明説明() 極微或沒有交互作用之物質包括例如:聚(四氟乙烯), 通常稱為“ PTFE” 。 EP-224.945-A揭示一種聚胺基甲酸酯,係於每100份 多元醇含有25至60重量份數PTFE顆粒(粒子直徑為25撤米 或更小)下製備。美國專利案3,753,933揭示一種聚胺基 甲酸酯發泡法,係於低至每100份多元醇含有9份大型PTFE 顆粒下進行。然而應注意,聚胺基甲酸酯發泡法中使用大 顆粒或處理量大時,由於粘度限制而無法輕易處理或/且 產生具有不期望之粗.大,開放胞室結構之發泡物。 本發明第一値主題係有關一種含有穿孔胞室窗之多孔 性聚合物,其中該聚合物係於穿孔劑之存在下進行製備, 其特徵為含量佔聚合物總重0.01至1.0%之穿孔劑為一種 臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2之物質,且若為固體 時,其平均粒子大小為20撒米或以下,或若為液體時,其 沸點高於聚合物製法所遭遇到之最高溫。 本發明第二個主題係有關一種聚胺基甲睃g旨前體組合 物,其係包含一種聚胺基甲酸酯前體(為一種聚異氟酸酯 或含有異氰睃根反應性氫原子之物質)及一種穿孔劑,其 特擻在於穿孔劑含量佔前體與穿孔劑總重量0.01至20%, 且該穿孔劑為一種臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2之 物質,若爲固體時,其平均粒子大小爲20撤米或更小,或 若為液體時,其沸點高於130¾。 本發明第三個主題係有關一種製備含有穿孔胞室窗之 多孔性聚胺基甲酸g旨聚合物之方法,係由一棰有機聚異氛 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 丨裝· 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 5 82. 5. 20,000 A6 B6 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 酸酯與含有一個或多個異氰酸根反應性氫原子/分子之物 質於發泡劑與穿孔劑之存在下反應,其特徵在於: a)該發泡劑含有之水量佔產生密度為10至150公斤/ 米3之聚合物時所需發泡劑總量之至少50莫耳% ;及 ' b)該穿透劑含量佔有機聚異氰酸酯與含有一個或多個 異氤酸根反應性氫原子/分子總重量0.01至1.0%,係一 種臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2之物質,且當為固 體時,其平均粒子大小爲20撤米或以下,或當為液體時, 其常壓下之沸點爲至少130T:。 根據本發明,具有穿孔胞室窗之多孔性聚合物係由採 用一棰可爲固體顆粒或爲液體之特定穿孔劑之方法製得。 該聚合物可為熱塑性或熱固性聚合物,包括例如:聚乙烯 ,聚苯乙烯,聚酯,聚醚,聚醯胺,苯酚-甲醛樹脂或尤 指聚胺基甲睃酯聚合物。若為聚胺基甲酸酯聚合物時,本 發明對製備可具撓性,半硬性或最好硬性聚胺基甲酸酯發 泡物之多孔性熱固性聚胺基甲酸酯時特別有利。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 穿孔劑爲一種在裂備多孔性聚合物之條件下呈化學惰 性之物質,其臨界表面游離能低於23,最好低於20 ,且低 於18.5毫焦耳/米2更佳。採用臨界表面游離能較高之物 質通常無法產生穿孔胞室窗。有關臨界表面游離能之解釋 可參見1983年出版,A.F.M.巴頓(Barton)之“溶解度變 數與其他内聚力變數之CRC手冊”(CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and other Cohesion Parameters, CRC出版社出版,ISBN 0-8493-3295-8),第425頁以後。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) -6 - 82. 5. 20,000 A6 _________B6 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 若為液體穿孔劑時,咸了解該臨界表面的游離能會隨溫度 變化,當溫度上升時,臨界表面游離能通常會下降。因此 適用於本發明之液體穿孔劑為彼等受到加溫處理時,於該 高溫下之臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2之物質,且 最好為彼等在室溫下之臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2 之物質。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印制衣 若穿孔劑爲固體時,其粒子大小相當於佔據胞室窗區 域之膜厚度。典型之粒子大小小於20撤米,最好小於15撤 米,小於10撤米更佳,且小於3微米最佳。當平均粒子大 小為10撒米時,其有利之分佈情形為10撒米或更小之粒子 至少佔90% ;且若平均粒子大小為3微米或更小時,則至 少90%粒子小於6撒米且至少10%粒子小於1撤米。這種 粒子大小及分佈情形可由習知之雷射(而非剪切)技術, 使用如:馬文雷射繞射分析儀(Malvern Laser Diffraction Ane 1 yzer)測定。若由氪吸收法測定粒子之比表面積爲至 少3,最好至少4.5且更佳者6.5米a/克時更有利。合適 之固髏穿孔劑顆粒實例包括氟化聚合物,諸如:臨界表面 游離能為22毫焦耳/米2之聚(三氟乙烯);16.2毫焦耳 /米2之聚(六氟丙烯);10.6毫焦耳/米2之聚(甲基丙 烯酸1,1-二氫-全氟辛S旨);且尤指18.5毫焦耳/米2之聚 (四氟乙烯)。適用於本發明之PTFE顆粒為市售商品且包 括來自ICI公司,品名為氟凱(FLU0R0GLIDE)之產品,如: FL 1710及FL1200,及來自杜邦公司,品名爲鐵弗龍( TEFLON)之產品,包括鐵弗龍MP 1100,鐵弗龍MP 1200, 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) Α6 Β6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明() MP 1300及 MP 1500。 若穿孔劑為液體時,其常壓下之沸點宜大於多孔性聚 合物製備期間所遭遇之最高處理溫度。若液體穿孔劑之沸 點顯著低於該最高處理溫度時,則其功能不再為穿孔劑* 反而成了發泡劑。“顯著低於” 一詞係指沸點比最高處理 溫度至少低了 10Ό。該沸點最好至少低於最高處理溫度20 t。對熱塑性聚合物之擠壓過程而言,典型處理溫度可為 至少ιοου或更高。或者,這種過程可為一種反應性鏵模 法,如:用於製備熱固性聚合物*尤指聚胺基甲馥酯。因 此合適之液體穿孔劑包括彼等常壓下沸點宜為至少100C ,最好至少130它,且更佳者至少150C,最佳者至少175 υ之物質,且此等物質不溶於或僅徹溶於聚合物或其前體 中。合適之液體穿孔劑包括有機聚氟磺化合物,尤指全氟 碳化合物,其平均分子量宜為至少350,最好至少450。合 適之液體穿孔劑實例包括3Μ公司,Κ氟林(FLUORINERT)品 名生產上市之氟化有機化合物,包括稱爲FC-104, FC-75 ,FC-40,FC-43,FC-70,FC-5312 與 FC-71 之物質,及由 洛恩-普連克(Rhone-Poulenc)公司Μ氟特(FLUTEC)品名 生產上市之物質,包括稱為ΡΡ3,ΡΡ6,ΡΡ7,ΡΡ10 , ΡΡ11 ,ΡΡ24與ΡΡ25。這種液體穿孔劑室溫下之典型臨界表面游 離能為9至16毫焦耳/米2。 當穿孔劑為固體時,其用量最好佔多孔性聚合物總重 量0.05至0_75%,Μ0.05至0.5%更佳。當穿孔劑爲液體 時,其用量最好為0.01至0.6%,Μ0.01至0.5%更佳,且 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 丨裝· •17. • _ IL· . 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 8 82. 5. 20,000 294690 A6 B6 五、發明説明() (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 以0.01至0.2%最佳。本發明中,液體穿孔劑之用法優於 固體穿孔劑,因為當製備多孔性聚合物時,液體穿孔劑較 容易加至製程中。此外,液體穿孔劑之用量可以少於固體 穿孔劑,而仍可逹到相同技術效果。亦可併用固體與液體 穿孔劑。 一項較佳具體實施例中,本發明係有關多孔性聚胺基 甲酸酯聚合物。多孔性聚胺基甲酸酯聚合物之製法通常係 在反應條件下,於上述穿孔劑且宜於發泡劑之存在下,使 包括聚異氟酸酯及含有一値及多値異氟酸根反應性氫原子 之物質之聚胺基甲酸醋前髏物質接觸反應。含有異氟酸根 反應性氫原子之物質包括醇類,聚酯多元醇類,聚醚多元 醇類,及一级或二级胺末端聚醚類,或其混合物。穿孔劑 可分開添加至反應混合物中,或與聚胺基甲酸酯前體預先 混合後添加。當與聚胺基甲酸酯前體預先混合時,穿孔劑 之含置為使多孔性聚合物經過其他反應物稀釋後仍含有上 述穿孔劑量之用量。聚胺基甲酸酯前體之穿孔劑典型用量 應佔聚胺基甲酸酯前體與穿孔劑總重量之0.01至2%,最 好佔 0.01 至 1.5%,K0.01 至 1.0% 更佳。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 合適之聚異氟酸S旨包括芳香条,脂糸與環脂糸聚異氤 酸酯,及其組合。本發明操作中亦可使用未純化之粗聚異 氤酸酯,如:由甲苯二胺類之混合物之碳睦氯化作用( Phosgenation)製得之粗甲苯二異氤酸酯或由粗次甲基二 苯胺之碳醯氯化作用製得之粗二苯基甲烷二異氟酸酯。較 佳之聚異氟酸酯揭示於美國專利案3.215,652。特別佳者 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 9 82. 5. 20,000 A6 _B6_ 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫各頁) 為Μ次甲基橋連之聚苯基聚異氤酸酯*及其與粗二苯基甲 烷二異氤酸脂之混合物,因為此等物質具有使聚胺基甲酸 酯交鏈之能力。當製備聚胺基甲酸酯發泡物時,聚異氟酸 g旨之用量應可供應多元醇中每個異氤酸根反應性原子0.6 至3.0値異氤酸根,且可含有任何水量。異氛酸酯之用量 最好可提供每個異氤酸根反應性原子0.7個異氟酸根,0.8 個更佳,且最好至多2個,Μ至多1.6個異氟酸根更佳。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 合適之多元醇包括彼等於硬性聚胺基甲酸酯聚合物製 法中常用者,且其典型之平均羥基當量重為50至700,最 好70至500,以70至300更佳。此外*這種多元醇中,每分 子通常含有2至8個,最好3至8値,更佳者3至6値羥 基。合適多元醇實例為聚醚多元醇,如美國專利案4,394, 491 更詳細說明者。此等聚醚多元醇實例包括彼等以品名弗然 諾(V0RAN0L〉出售之商品,包括弗然諾202,弗然諾360, 弗然諾370 ,弗然諾446 ,弗然諾490,弗然諾575,弗然諾 640,弗然諾800,均由杜威化學公司(Dow Chemical Company)銷售。其他較佳多元醇包括費尼希(Mann ich)縮 合物之次烷基氧化物衍生物,如例如:美國專利案3, 297 , 597 ;4,137,265及4,383,102所示者,及由胺基-烷基六氟P比 拼引發合成之聚醚多元醇,如美國專利案4,704,410與 4,704,411所示者。當需要t展現搖溶性質之發泡法時, 適用於本發明之一類聚酯多元醇包括彼等於室溫下基本上 呈固體者。聚酯多元醇之溶點宜在501至115¾範圍内, 最好爲5510至100它。此等聚Θ旨多元醇典型之平均分子量 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297 釐) A6 ___ B6 _ 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 為2000至6000,最好為2500,更佳者3000,且最好至多 5000,更佳者至多4500。此等聚酯多元醇實例為戴那克( Dynacoll™) 7360,為一種可得自許斯公司(Huels AG)之 聚-次己基-己二酸酯多元醇,分子量3500 ,熔點60C。 當製備根據本發明之多孔性聚合物,宜含有發泡劑。 發泡劑之用量應可產生總密度主要在10至150,最好10至 100,且Μ 15至80公斤/米3更佳之多孔性聚合物。合適之 發泡劑包括例如:烷類如:(環)戊烷,環(己烷)或含 鹵素物質如:(全)氟碳化物及含氫之氯氟碳化物,其實 例包括冷卻劑21,冷卻劑22,冷卻劑123 ,冷卻劑123a, 冷卻劑124,冷卻劑124a,冷卻劑133 (所有異構物),冷 卻劑134,冷卻劑141b及冷卻劑142,冷卻劑151。其中Μ 冷卻劑123 (所有異構物),冷卻劑141b及冷卻劑142 (所 有異構物)最佳,因為此等物質除了已被認可對臭氧破壊 力低外,尚有可自商品取得之優點。其他合適之發泡劑亦 包括胺/二氧化碳複合物,如美國專利案4, 735, 970與 4,500,656 所示者。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 當製備聚胺基甲酸酯發泡物時,發泡劑中宜包含水。 水與聚異氟酸酯反應,於原位開始產生二氧化碳,使反應 之物質膨脹,導致密度下降。典型之水含量應佔.為了製得 上述密度之聚胺基甲酸酯泡沫物時所需發泡劑用量之至少 50,最好至少75,且至高100其耳%。本發明一項極佳具 體實施例中,聚胺基甲酸SI發泡劑必需包含水。因此每1〇〇 份重量多元醇之水含量為〇 · 5至1 5份,最好為2.0份,以3 . 0 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 11 82. 5. 20,000 A6 B6 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 份更佳且最好至多10份,K至多8份更佳。 當製備聚胺基甲酸g旨發泡物時,可視需要含有其他成 份。此等其他成份為:觸媒,界面活性劑,染色劑,抗氧 化劑,加強劑,填料,抗靜電劑及滯燃劑。合適之滯燃劑 包括含磷物質,如:參(氯烷基)磷酸酯與參烷基磷酸酯 ,例如:磷酸三乙酯;及含気物質,如:蜜胺。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 含活性氫化合物與聚異氨酸酯之反應宜包含一棰或多 種觸媒。合適觸媒包括三胺化合物及有機金屬化合物。三 级胺觸媒實例包括三乙二胺,N-甲基嗎啉,五甲基二次乙 基三胺,四甲基乙二胺,卜甲基-4-二甲胺乙基六氫吡哄 ,3_甲氧基-N-二甲基丙胺,N-乙基嗎啉,二乙基乙醇胺 ,N-椰子基嗎啉,N, N-二甲基-Ν’,Ν’-二甲基異丙基丙二 胺,Ν,Ν-二乙基-3-二乙胺基丙胺及二甲基苄胺。有機金 屬觸媒實例包括有機汞,有機鉛,有機鐵及有機錫觸媒, 其中以有機錫觸媒較佳。合適之錫觸媒包括氯化亞錫,羧 酸之錫鹽如:二-2-乙基己酸二丁基錫,及其他有機金靥 化合物,如美國專利案2,846,4 08所揭示者。本文中亦可 視需要使用催化聚異氟酸g旨三聚合化及形成聚異氤尿酸酯 聚合物之觸媒,如:鹼金屬醇鹽,鹼金屬羧酸鹽,或四级 胺化合物。當使用觸媒時,其用量應足以提高聚合反應之 速率。正確之用量必須由實驗決定,但通常依觭媒種類及 活性而定,每100份多元醇使用0.01至3.0份之範圍内。 通常極適於使用徹量界面活性劑,Μ安定發泡反應混 合物直到硬化為止。這種界面活性劑宜包含液體或固體有 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公發) 12 82. 5. 20,000 A6 B6 五、發明説明() (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 機矽酮界面栝性劑。其他較不適用之界面活性劑包括長鏈 醇之聚乙二醇醚類,長鐽烷基酸硫酸酯,烷基磺酸酯與烷 芳基磺酸之三级胺或烷醇胺鹽類。這類界面活性劑之用量 應足Μ安定反應混合物之發泡過程防止塌陷及大型不均匀 胞室之形成。每100份重量多元醇使用0. 1至5份界面活性 劑即足以達成此目的。·所需界面活性劑最佳用量仍需由實 驗決定。然而應注意,界面活性劑用量增加時,可能降低 穿孔劑之操作效率。 根據本發明揭示方法製得之發泡物具有吸引人之立體 與隔熱安定性泡物之立體安定性質乃因其穿孔性胞室 窗含量足Μ克服壓縮傾向或使壓縮傾向降至最小。目前本 申請者除了使用光學顯撤鏡技術外,尚不知道其他可定量 測定穿孔性胞室窗含量之方法。曾用來測定發泡物開放胞 室含量之習知氣流技術(例如:ASTM D 2856試驗法)無 法提供可靠之測定結果。吸引人之隔熱性質係歸因於發泡 物之細撤胞室結構。發泡物之平均胞室大小宜小於400撤 米,最好小於350撤米,以小於300撒米更佳。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本發明聚胺基甲酸酯發泡物對極需要吸引人之立體安 定性與隔熱性之隔絕板材料之結構工業很有價值。本發明 亦可用來提供半硬性應用如,例如:密封層發泡物應用上 之聚胺基甲酸酯發泡物。 下列實例係說明本發明》且未構成本發明之限制範圍 。除非另外說明,否則所有用量均Μ重量份數表示。 奮例1 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) 一 13 一 82. 5. 20 000 A6 __B6__ 五、發明説明() (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 發泡物1至4及對照發泡物A係根據表1所示配方製 備。若出示發泡物物理性質時,則係根據下列試驗法測定 :壓縮強度-DIN 53421;立體安定性-DIN 53431;及傳熱 性-ASTM C 518。 多元醇A含有(重量份數) 41.3份 ΝΙΑΧ APP 315,係得自聯合碳化物公司(Union Carbide Corporation)之聚醋多元醇, 25.8份 IXOL B 251,係得自索非矽(Solvay Cie)公司之 含鹵素聚醚多元醇; 6.2份 弗然諾(VORANOL〉RN 482,係得自杜威化學公司 (Dow Chemical Company〉之由山梨糖醇引發合成 之聚醚多元醇; 5.2份弗然諾RA 640,係得自杜威化學公司之由乙二 胺引發合成之聚醚多元醇; 2 . 1份甘油 15. 4份磷酸三乙酯(TEP); 5.0份蜜胺,平均粒子大小10撒米,係得自DSM ; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印5衣 4.0份以矽酮為主之界面话性劑,1 ·· 3重量比之界面 活性劑DC 193 (來自杜威康寧公司(Dow Corning) )與界面活性劑特斯塔(Tegostab) B 8418 (來 自高史斯特公司(】h. Goldschmidt AG)); 4.7份觸媒混合物,係含有17 : 5 . 5 : 1重量比之專利 胺化合物弗然諾C-52 (來自杜威化學公司),二 甲胺基環己烷(DMCHA)及專利胺化合物ΝΙΑΧ A1 ( 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 29V公釐) 五、發明説明() 2. 1份 3.0份 11. 8 份 窃孔割 鐵弗龍 A6 B6 來自聯合碳化物公司) 水; 氟特(PLUTEC) PP1,來自洛恩-普連克公司(Rhone-Poulenc),且咸了解爲全氟己院; 異戊烷 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 PTFE顆粒,平均粒子大小3微米,> 90%粒子之平均直徑小於6撤米,且 至少10%粒子之平均直徑< 1撤米, 且平均表面積為8米3/克。 PTFE顆粒,平均粒子大小3微米,平 均表面積3米8/克。 PTFE顆粒,平均粒子大小15撤米,平 均表面積3米克。 PTFE顆粒,平均粒子大小20撤米,平 均表面積3米51/克。 多元醇A係與未純化之粗聚苯基聚次甲基聚異氰酸酯 弗然特(VORANATE) M220 (來自杜威化學公司)反應。聚 異氨酸酯含量可使異氟酸根反應指數達1. 6。測定此物条 之凝乳期(creamti me) (C · T _ ),凝膠期(gel ti me) (G . T .〉 及不剝落期(tack-free time) (T. F. T.),決定其反應性 MP 1100 鐵弗龍-MP 1200 鐵弗龍"MP 1300 鐵弗龍* MP 1500 發泡物1至4顯示較不含穿孔劑之對照泡沫物A具有 改良之低溫立體安定性。發泡物1至4亦顯示當含有平均 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297父釐) 15 82. 5. 20,000 A6 B6_ 五、發明説明() 粒子較小之穿孔劑時製備發泡物之情形。 審例2 (發洵物5 ) 重覆實例1之方法,但其中改用鐵弗龍30-N作為穿孔 劑,其係一種聚(四氟乙烯)顆粒之水性懸浮液,咸了解 係含有60重量%平均粒子大小為20徹米之固體。Η含多元 醇Β (聚酯多元醇ΝΙΑΧ ΑΡΡ 315)及多元醇C (係一種由苯 酚-甲醛引發合成之聚氧次烷基多元醇,羥基當量重300) 之摻合物替代多元醇Α。選擇多元醇Β與以形成一種在正 常條件下特別容易收縮之發泡物。發泡物之物理性質示於 表2。 表2所示結果證實固體穿孔劑適宜呈水性分散液加至 發泡過程中。 啻例3 (發洵物R革9.及對照發洵物B) 重覆實例2方法,但唯穿孔劑改用(1)鐵弗龍MP 1500 ,及(2)鐵弗龍MP 1100,對照發泡物B係於顆粒狀澱粉 之存在下製備,咸了解澱粉之粒子大小為10撒米,且臨界 表面游離能爲39毫焦耳/米3。發泡物之物理性質示於表 3 ° 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 表3所示結果證實使用不同量之不同穿孔劑會得到立 體安定性之差異。對照發泡物B證實顆粒狀澱粉即使大量 使用也無法賦與相同程度之立體安定性。 啻例4
重覆實例2之方法,但唯改用來自3M公司之氟林( FLUORINERT〉L-9901^穿孔劑,係一種沸點為 21510 之 C1S 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公梦) -16 — 82. 5. 20 000 A6 B6 五、發明説明() -(:18全氟化化合物之混合物。對照發泡物c與D係於氟林 FC 104 (來自3M公司)之存在下製備,此發泡劑咸了解為 沸點101°C且臨界表面游離能爲1〇毫焦耳/米*之全氟碳化 合物。氟林104之沸點低於所觀察到之i60t:最高處理溫度 。發泡物10,11及對照發泡物C與D之物理性質示於表4 0 表4結果證實臨界表面游離能低於23毫焦耳/米2且 沸點遠低於最高處理溫度之物質無法使於根據本發明穿孔 劑之存在下製得之發泡劑具有類似之立體安定性。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —裝· *泉_ 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000
A B 五、發明説明() 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 重量份數 發泡物1 發泡物2 發泡物3 發泡物4 發泡物A1* 多元醇A 126.6 126.6 126.6 126.6 126.6 聚異氤酸酯 169 169 169 169 169 鐵氟龍™ MP 1100 1.0 / / / / 鐵氟龍™ MP 1200 / 1.0 / / / 鐵氟龍™ MP 1300 / / 1.0 / / 鐵氟龍TM MP 1500 / / / 1.0 / 粒子大小(撤米) 3 3 15 20 / 表面積(米2/克) 8 3 1 1 / C_T./G.TVT.F.T.(秒) 11/40/57 11/41/55 10/39/51 11/40/58 11/38/51 密度(公斤/米3) 29.4 .29.1 29.0 28.6 29.8 胞室直徑(徹米) 393 256 387 360 348 壓縮強度 (i〉平行上升(kPa) 160 147 154 147 154 (ii)垂直上升 51 43.5 50 44 46 傳熱性 ⑴初始(mW/M.K) 23.4 22.6 23.3 23.0 22.5 (Π)4天後 28.2 25.4 25.5 25.0 25.0 聚合物中穿孔劑重量% 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0 立體安定性 (體積%變化) ⑴-30 °C -0.6 -1.8 -1.8 -2.8 -12.7 (ii) +110°C -0.6 -0.6 -1.8 -3.6 +0.2 -非本發明實例 ----------------一,-------裝------訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 2d4Qd〇 A6 B6 五、發明説明() 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印*'-衣 重量份數 發泡物5 多元醇B 50 多元醇C 50 DMCHA 0.5 NIAXA1 ' 0.2 界面活性劑DC-193 4.3 水 150 穿孔劑 0.83 弗然特(Voranate) M220 150 C.T./G.TVT.F_T.(秒) 15/52/66 密度(公斤/米3〉 27.9 壓縮強度 (i)平行上升(kPa) 172 (ii)垂直上升 115 傳熱性 初始 UW/M.K) 29.3 聚合物中穿孔劑重量% 0.2 立體安定性 (體積%變化〉 (i) -30°C -0.6 (ii) +110¾ -1.2 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) .裝. •^· ,泉. 本紙張尺度適用中國11家標準(CNS〉曱4規格(210 X 297公釐〉 19 82. 5. 20,000
6 B 五、發明説明() 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 重量份數 燊泡物6 發泡物7 發泡物8 發泡物9 發泡物B- 多元醇B 50 50 50 50 50 多元醇C 50 50 50 50 50 DMCHA 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 NIAXA1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 界面活性劑DC-193 2 2 2 2 2 水 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 穿孔劑1 0.5 / 0.1 / / 穿孔劑2 / 0.5 / 0.1 / 澱粉 / / / / 1 弗然物(Voranate) M220 150 150 150 150 150 C.T./G.TVT.F.T.(秒) 15/49/60 16/50/66 16/47/58 17/50/63 14/38/48 密度(公斤/米3) 26.2 26.1 26.1 26.0 27.1 壓縮強度 (i)平行上升(kPa) 144 173 128 141 149 (ii)垂直上升 72 69 49 54 94 傳熱性 初始(mW/M.K) 24.7 26.1 24.5 24.1 23.8 聚合物中穿孔劑重量% 0.2 0.2 0.04 0.04 0.4 立體安定性 (體積%變化) ⑴-30V -0.6 -0_ 6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2 (ii) +110°C -43.6 -9.4 -57.6 -57.9 -74.2 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) -20 - 82. 5. 20,000 五、發明説明() A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印*''衣 表4 重量份數 發泡物10 發泡物11 發泡物C" 發泡物D- 多元醇Β 50 50 50 50 多元醇C 50 50 50 50 DMCHA 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 ΝΙΑΧΑ1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 界面活性劑DC-193 2 2 2 2 水 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 穿孔劑 · 0.5 0.1 / / FC 104 / / 0.5 0.1 弗然物(Voranate) Μ220 150 150 150 150 C.T./G.TVT.F.T·(秒) 15/43/56 15/47/67 16/45/58 14/49/62 密度(公斤/米3) 26.9 26. B 25.7 26.0 壓縮強度 (i)平行上升(kPa) 181 212 164 180 (ii)垂直上升 114 101 64 60 傳熱性 ί刀始(mW/M.K) 27.1 26.5 24.0 24.3 聚合物中穿孔劑重量% 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.04 立體安定性 (體積%變化) ⑴-30¾ -0.4 -0.2 -1.0 -0.6 (ii) +110¾ -1,2 -0.4 -75.9 -77.9 "非本發明實例 ---------1---------------裝------.玎-----,泉 ί ί (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000
Claims (1)
- A8 B8 C8 D8 丨公告禾 ~、申請專利範圍 第82107964號專利申請專利範圍修正本 /一一 修正曰期:84年7月 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^ 1.一種包含有多値具有多數個由胞室窗膜所連接之骨架 與角落之胞室的多孔性聚合物,其待徽係在於該多孔 性聚合物偽在0.01至1.0¾的一固體穿孔劑之存在下( 以聚合物全體重量為基礎)予以製備,該固髏穿孔劑 具有一低於23毫焦耳/米2的臨界表面游離能以及20 撤米或比其更低的平均粒子大小,或者該多孔性聚合 物偽在0.01至1.03:的一液體穿孔劑之存在下(以聚合 物全體重量為基礎)予以製備·該液體穿孔劑具有一 在室溫下低於23毫焦耳/米2的臨界表面游離能與一 高於在該聚合物製法中所遭遇到且該胞室窗膜被穿孔 之最高溫度的沸點。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之多孔性聚合物,其為聚乙烯 、聚苯乙烯、苯酚-甲醛、聚醚、聚醯胺或聚胺基甲 酸酯聚合物。 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印製 3. 如申請專利範圔第2項之多孔性聚合物,其偽為一具 有在10至150公斤/米2之間的密度之聚胺基甲酸酯, 該聚胺基甲酸酯傜在該穿孔劑之存在下,且進一步在 一包含有一足夠量的水以供達成該密度發泡所需之至 少50奠耳%的發泡劑存在下,藉由將一種有機聚異氰 酸酯與一種含有一値或多痼異氰酸根反應性氫原子/ 分子接觸,予以製得的。 4. 如申請專利範圍第丨、2或3項之多孔性聚合物,其 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 申請專利範圍 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部中央標準局男工消費合作社印製 中該固體穿孔劑為聚(三氣乙烯)、聚(四氣乙烯) 、聚(六氟丙烯)或聚(甲基丙烯酸1,1-二氫-全氟 辛醋)聚合物。 .如申讀專利範圍第4項之多孔性聚合物,其中該穿孔 劑為平均粒子大小為10徽米或更小之聚(四氣乙烯) ’且其傜存在以一佔多孔性聚合物總重量0.05至0.75 %的量。 .如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項之多孔性聚合物,其 中該液髏穿孔劑具有在常壓下至少130t:之沸點,且 為一種%不溶於該聚合物或該聚合物前體的有機多氟或 全氣磺化合物。 • 一種聚胺基甲酸酯前髏組成物,其係包含有一聚胺基 甲酸酯前體(為一種聚異氰酸酯或一種含有異氰酸根 反應性氫原子之物質)以及一穿孔劑,其特擻在於該 穿孔劑係以一佔該前體與該穿孔劑之總重量的0.01至 2.0%下的童存在,且該穿孔劑為一種具有一低於23 毫焦耳/米2之臨界表面游離能以及一為20微米或更 小之平均粒子大小,或者為一具有一低於23毫焦耳/ 米2的臨界表面游離能以及一高於130°C的沸點。 ,.如申請專利範圍第7項之聚胺基甲酸酯組成物,其中 該固髏穿孔劑為一顆粒狀的聚(四氟乙烯),且其中 該液體穿孔劑偽為一不溶於該前髏之有機多氟或全氣 磺化合物。 I.如申請專利範圍第7項之聚胺基甲酸酯前體組成物, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) Γ碕先閲讀背面之注意事項再蛛寫本頁) 訂 X Α8 Β8 C8 D8 r、申請專利範圍 其中該含有異氰酸根反應性氫原子之前體物質為聚醚 多元醇、聚酯多元醇、以胺為末端之聚醚或其混合物 0 10.—種製備一含有穿孔胞室窗之多孔性聚胺基甲酸酯聚 合物之方法,其偽藉由在一發泡劑與一穿孔劑之存在 下,將一種有機聚異氰酸酯與一含有一艏或多値異氰 酸根反應性氫原子/分子的物質反應*其特獻在於 a) 該發泡劑包含有一足夠量的水·以供達成一具 有10至150kg/m3密度之聚合物之發泡所需的至少50莫 耳% ;且 b) 該穿孔劑,係以佔該有機聚異氡酸酯與該含有 一個或多個異氰酸根反應性氫原子/分子之物質總重 量0.01至1.0%的量存在,且其若為固髏時,則為一 種具有一低於23毫焦耳/米2之臨界表面游離能與一 為20撤米或更小的平均粒子大小之物質,或者,其若 為液體時*則為一種在室溫下具有一低於23毫焦耳/ / 米2之臨界表面游離能與一大於130¾之沸點的物質。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ,11 經濟部中央標準局wc工消費合作社印製 -3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS〉Α4規格(210X297公釐)
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TW082107964A TW294690B (zh) | 1992-09-28 | 1993-09-27 |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5250579A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0662100B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH08503720A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100294568B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1040446C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE210164T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU666971B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9307122A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2144658C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO4290304A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69331276T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0662100T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2164670T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI951456A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9305940A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO951157L (zh) |
TW (1) | TW294690B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994007942A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (49)
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TW256842B (zh) * | 1991-12-17 | 1995-09-11 | Takeda Pharm Industry Co Ltd | |
CA2107274C (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1998-11-03 | Valeri L. Valoppi | 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles |
US5506275A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-04-09 | Basf Corporation | 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles |
US5690855A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1997-11-25 | Sealed Air Corporation | Polyol blend, cellular polyurethane foam product made therefrom, and halogenated hydrocarbon-free process therefor |
US5465409A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-11-07 | Motorola, Inc. | Radio architecture with dual frequency source selection |
US6372705B1 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 2002-04-16 | Bayer Corporation | Azeotropic compositions of perfluorohexane and hydrocarbons having 5 carbon atoms and the use thereof in the production of foams |
US5900442A (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1999-05-04 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Flexible polyurethane foams |
US5633291A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-05-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of foam materials derived from high internal phase emulsions for insulation |
US5770634A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-06-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Foam materials for insulation, derived from high internal phase emulsions |
US5510054A (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1996-04-23 | Dow Italia S.P.A. | Polyurethane elastomer and foam exhibiting improved abrasion resistance |
EP0882091A1 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1998-12-09 | Dsm N.V. | Unsaturated polyester resins flame retarded by melamine and phosphorus compounds |
US5721284A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-02-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Open-celled rigid polyurethane foam |
IT1295026B1 (it) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-04-27 | Enichem Spa | Procedimento per la preparazione di espansi poliuretanici rigidi aventi struttura a celle aperte |
JP3968612B2 (ja) | 1998-01-27 | 2007-08-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 全真空断熱箱体及びその全真空断熱箱体を用いた冷蔵庫並びにその全真空断熱箱体の製造方法及び解体方法 |
US6083211A (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2000-07-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | High suction polymeric foam materials |
US6013589A (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2000-01-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent materials for distributing aqueous liquids |
US6160028A (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-12-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Flame retardant microporous polymeric foams |
US6245697B1 (en) | 1998-11-12 | 2001-06-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Flexible mat for absorbing liquids comprising polymeric foam materials |
TW444039B (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2001-07-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Open-celled polyurethane foams containing graphite which exhibit low thermal conductivity |
US7671104B2 (en) * | 1999-02-13 | 2010-03-02 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Fine cell, water-blown rigid polyurethane foams |
DE19917787A1 (de) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-02 | Bayer Ag | Komprimierte Polyurethanhartschaumstoffe |
US6403663B1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2002-06-11 | North Carolina State University | Method of making foamed materials using surfactants and carbon dioxide |
US6395795B1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-05-28 | Ausimont Usa, Inc. | Titanium dioxide nucleating agent systems for foamable polymer compositions |
US20060175575A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2006-08-10 | Kaplan Warren A | Method for preparing phthalate polyester polyol-based dimensionally stable spray polyurethane foam |
WO2002102866A2 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-27 | Stepan Company | Phthalate polyester polyol-based compositions and high dimensionally stable all water-blown spray polyurethane foam derived therefrom |
US6759443B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-07-06 | Basf Corporation | Polyurethane foam composition and additive useful in shoe sole applications and methods of making same |
US7951449B2 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2011-05-31 | Wenguang Ma | Polyester core materials and structural sandwich composites thereof |
DE602004007752T3 (de) * | 2004-01-08 | 2015-06-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan Hartschaumstoffen |
US20060035994A1 (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2006-02-16 | Kaplan Warren A | Method for preparing phthalate polyester polyol-based dimensionally stable spray polyurethane foam |
US20060235097A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-10-19 | Mahoney Debra-Jean F | Permeable foam |
JP4548220B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-25 | 2010-09-22 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 軟質ポリウレタンフォームおよびその製造方法、該軟質ポリウレタンフォームを用いた自動車用シート |
CN101356218B (zh) * | 2006-01-10 | 2011-06-15 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 用于交通工具的能量吸收的改进泡沫 |
CN101516977B (zh) * | 2006-09-29 | 2012-05-23 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | 热塑性树脂组合物发泡片材及其制造方法 |
JP2010031064A (ja) * | 2006-11-20 | 2010-02-12 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
WO2008062790A1 (fr) | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-29 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Procédé de fabrication de polyol à dispersion polymère |
EP2085414A4 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2012-11-07 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HARD POLYURETHANE FOAM |
CA2593299A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-27 | Dave Schulte | Polyurethane compound and shoe soles made therefrom |
US10087343B2 (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2018-10-02 | Immunolight, Llc | Adhesive bonding composition and method of use |
WO2009142143A1 (ja) | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-26 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
US10610413B2 (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2020-04-07 | Honeywell Safety Products Usa, Inc. | Eartip |
KR101263577B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-05-13 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 페놀수지 경화 발포체로 이루어진 진공단열재용 심재와 이를 이용한 진공단열재 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN103974990A (zh) | 2012-07-30 | 2014-08-06 | 帝国糖业公司 | 基于糖的聚氨酯、其制备方法、及其使用方法 |
JP5710653B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-04-30 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | ポリウレタンフォームパネル |
JP5615389B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-10-29 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | 建築構造体及びその製造方法 |
JP5710654B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-04-30 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | ポリウレタンフォームパネル |
ES2948676T3 (es) * | 2014-03-18 | 2023-09-15 | Immunolight Llc | Composición de unión adhesiva mejorada y método de uso |
EP3372625A1 (de) | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-12 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Polyurethanschaum und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
JP6832892B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-04 | 2021-02-24 | 株式会社エフコンサルタント | 被覆材 |
EP3560970A1 (de) | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-30 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Offenzelliger polyurethanhartschaum und dessen verwendung |
Family Cites Families (7)
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US3753933A (en) * | 1972-04-24 | 1973-08-21 | Dow Chemical Co | Polyurethane foams from solid foaming agents |
US4097423A (en) * | 1972-06-03 | 1978-06-27 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Inorganic-organic compositions |
US4183822A (en) * | 1974-04-03 | 1980-01-15 | Fisons Limited | Blowing agent composition |
US4190710A (en) * | 1974-11-07 | 1980-02-26 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Blowing agents based on urea dicarboxylic acid anhydride |
US4304713A (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-12-08 | Andrew Corporation | Process for preparing a foamed perfluorocarbon dielectric coaxial cable |
GB8526813D0 (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1985-12-04 | Shell Int Research | Preparation of heat-stable polyurethane foam |
US4927864A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-05-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Use of a polyamine as cell opener in polyurethane foam |
-
1992
- 1992-09-28 US US07/951,970 patent/US5250579A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-06-22 US US08/081,922 patent/US5281632A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-22 US US08/081,926 patent/US5312846A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-02 ES ES93921327T patent/ES2164670T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-02 DK DK93921327T patent/DK0662100T3/da active
- 1993-09-02 BR BR9307122A patent/BR9307122A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-02 CA CA002144658A patent/CA2144658C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-02 KR KR1019950701161A patent/KR100294568B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-02 EP EP93921327A patent/EP0662100B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-02 AU AU48459/93A patent/AU666971B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-09-02 DE DE69331276T patent/DE69331276T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-02 AT AT93921327T patent/ATE210164T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-02 JP JP6509062A patent/JPH08503720A/ja active Pending
- 1993-09-02 WO PCT/US1993/008308 patent/WO1994007942A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-09-24 CO CO93410096A patent/CO4290304A1/es unknown
- 1993-09-27 MX MX9305940A patent/MX9305940A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-27 CN CN93118086A patent/CN1040446C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-27 TW TW082107964A patent/TW294690B/zh active
-
1995
- 1995-03-27 NO NO951157A patent/NO951157L/no unknown
- 1995-03-27 FI FI951456A patent/FI951456A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1998
- 1998-02-17 CN CN98103869A patent/CN1203242A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5250579A (en) | 1993-10-05 |
WO1994007942A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
JPH08503720A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
AU4845993A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
KR100294568B1 (ko) | 2001-09-17 |
US5281632A (en) | 1994-01-25 |
AU666971B2 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
CA2144658C (en) | 2000-05-30 |
MX9305940A (es) | 1994-04-29 |
EP0662100B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
ATE210164T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
FI951456A0 (fi) | 1995-03-27 |
ES2164670T3 (es) | 2002-03-01 |
KR950703599A (ko) | 1995-09-20 |
CO4290304A1 (es) | 1996-04-17 |
CA2144658A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
NO951157D0 (no) | 1995-03-27 |
US5312846A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
FI951456A (fi) | 1995-03-27 |
BR9307122A (pt) | 1999-03-30 |
CN1086226A (zh) | 1994-05-04 |
CN1203242A (zh) | 1998-12-30 |
DE69331276D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
EP0662100A1 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
DK0662100T3 (da) | 2002-02-25 |
DE69331276T2 (de) | 2002-06-13 |
CN1040446C (zh) | 1998-10-28 |
NO951157L (no) | 1995-03-27 |
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