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TW198731B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
TW198731B
TW198731B TW080109204A TW80109204A TW198731B TW 198731 B TW198731 B TW 198731B TW 080109204 A TW080109204 A TW 080109204A TW 80109204 A TW80109204 A TW 80109204A TW 198731 B TW198731 B TW 198731B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
compounds
resin
powder
lubricant
compound
Prior art date
Application number
TW080109204A
Other languages
English (en)
Original Assignee
Hanano Syozi Kk
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Hanano Syozi Kk filed Critical Hanano Syozi Kk
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW198731B publication Critical patent/TW198731B/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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    • C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
    • C10M2201/0433—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium used as base material
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    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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Description

經濟部屮央標準杓Π工消奸合作社印级 Λ 6 Β6 五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明係有關在冷、溫或熱之鍛造鋁合金的作茱中， 可藉由一般之噴霧法或靜電式噴霧法噴鍍於模型或噴鍍為 鋁合金之鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑劑。 鍛造品係通常被多方面使用於飛機、汽車、電機器等 之各種零件者，由於要求軽量所以已由鐵漸行改為軽合金 ，例如鋁合金已漸被使用。鍛造作業中通常係在模型與材 料之間放入潤滑劑或潤滑油，防止二者熔粘在一起，更易 自模型剝離鍛造品。 锻造鋁合金用潤滑劑通常係使用添加有石墨之油溶性 潤滑劑、合成酯、聚矽氣油、石墨、賦加極壓劑、及界面 活性劑所成水溶性潤疳劑。 惟近年來由於各種零件之輕量化，配合鋁合鍛造技術 之進步，要求可在更佳之作業性下獲得高品質製品之潤滑 劑。而以往之潤滑劑已無法滿足如上述之要求。即，油性 潤滑劑時有冒煙、污染作業場所、箸火之危險等問題。水 溶性潤滑劑則為防止使用後之水質污染必須設置廢水處理 ,有耗資設備投資等各種經費之問題。為此乃極殷切地希 望開發新形態之鍛造鋁合金用潤滑劑。 本發明像有鑑於上述各問題而經再三研究，進行各種 条統性之實驗所得結果者，係以提供在锻造鋁合金作‘業中 ，欲在更佳作業性並且不破壞環境下獲得更高品質之鍛造 品時可用之鍛造鋁合金用潤滑劑為目的者。 本發明之锻造鋁合金用粉末潤滑劑偽將固體且做為潤 滑劑所使用之無機化合物所成粉末狀或顆粒狀的潤滑劑基 本紙張尺度逍用中國a家樣準(CHS)甲4規格(210x297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· -線· -3 - 五、發明説明（2 ) 材，與可使潤滑劑基材具有付著性之有機化合物予以混合 所成之潤滑劑，兩者均為具有粉末狀或顆粒狀形態，或具 有潤滑劑基材被有機化合物所被覆之形態做為其待徴。 本發明之最大持擞傜潤滑基材具有粉末狀或顆粒狀之 形態。 而對於無機化合物而言，有機化合物含有比率僳選自 0.1〜50重量％範圍較為有效。較0.1重量％少時 ，無機化合物無法獲得可充分附著於模型内面之效果， 5◦重量％以上時，會發生冒煙，形成重叠，有時無法自 模型剝離鍛造品，即降低潤滑效果，無法保有製品之尺寸 精密度。 ' 本發明中可用之潤滑劑基材係只要為固體可做為潤滑 劑之無機化合物即不予特別限制。通常使用氮化硼、氟化 物、滑石、雲母、金屬氧化物、氮化矽、硼化合物、硫化 合物、磷化合物為宜，惟其他以往做為潤滑劑被使用之公 « 經濟部中央標準A工消合作社印3i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 知固體潤滑劑，例如石墨、二硫化鉬等亦可使用。而此等 無機化合物係以粉末狀或顆粒狀形態，僅使用其一種、或 組合二種以上使用。 又，本發明可用之有機化合物係只要對如上述之無機 化合物具有附著性、轉粘性之性質者即無特別限制。·通常 以金屬肥皂、高分子化合物，及藉由環猢精化合物使液體 狀或膏狀化合物成為粉末狀或顆粒狀者較適於使用。金屬 肥皂以羧酸架構上付加鈉、鈣、鋁、鋇、鋰、鉀、鎂、或 鈴者，又，高分子化合物係聚乙烯、聚丙烯、環氧樹脂、 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210父297公釐) -4 - Λ 6 Β6
19873X 五、發明説明（3 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 矽樹脂、天然蟠類、酚樹脂、丙烯酸糸樹脂、醇酸樹脂、 胺基甲酸乙酯、苯乙烯樹脂、或氟樹脂，又，液體狀或膏 狀之化合物則可為合成樹脂類、天然油脂類、礦物油類、 聚矽氧油、聚苯醚、聚伸烷二醇、或乙烯一丙烯共聚物較 適於使用。此等有機化合物係以粉末狀或顆粒狀之形態與 潤滑劑基材混合，或以被加熱熔融之狀態被混合入潤滑劑 基質。因此本發明之潤滑劑係潤滑劑基材與有機化合物雙 方均呈粉末狀或顆粒狀之形態，或呈粉末狀或顆粒狀之潤 滑劑基材為被有機化合物所被覆之形態。又，有機化合物 係可以僅用上述化合物之一種，或組合二種以上使用。亦 可以組合使用金屬肥皂、與高分字化合物、粉末化之液體 狀或膏狀之化合物。 本發明之鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑劑係至少潤滑劑基材 為呈粉末狀或顆粒狀形態，所以即使鍛造作業中受到加熱 亦不易分解，極易自模型取出鍛造品，並且可防止氣體捲 入鍛造品内部，提高尺寸精密度或製品品質。 經濟部屮央標準AM工消费，合作社印奴 又，本發明之潤滑劑傺具有粉末狀或顆粒狀之形態， 不含水份，所以使用後不會如水溶性潤滑劑一樣污染水質 ,亦不會如油溶性潤滑劑一樣污染作業環境。因此不必為 廢水處理而花大筆經費，為防止璟境惡化而需一筆經費。 另外，由於本發明不含油性者，所以沒有冒煙、著火之危 險性，安全性亦無問題。 另外，本發明之潤滑劑傜至少潤滑劑基材為呈粉末狀 或顆粒狀形態，所以附著潤滑劑之模型内面部傺與材料（ 本紙ifc尺度边用中國a家標準(CNS)〒4規格(210X297公¢) -5 - 198731 Λ6 __Β£ 五、發明説明（4 ) 鋁合金）之間至少會確實地隔著潤滑劑基材粉末與或顆粒 之粒徑。所以潤滑劑可以充分地附著於模型内面，以防止 材料與模型内面直接接觸，可防止塑性變形時的熔粘，更 可防止模型之摩損，提高作業性。 依本發明時可以使無機化合物所成潤滑劑基材與其與 有機化合物之混合物所成的鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑劑中的 至少潤滑劑基材為粉末狀或顆粒狀形態者，所以可降低塑 性變形時之鋁合金變形率，防止熔粘，得到高品質之鍛造 品，更可以充分防止在使用中及在使用後惡化環境。 經濟部屮央標準乃Π工消设合作社卬31 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 尤其對無機化合物含有0.1〜50重量％範圍的有 機化合物時，可以獲得更佳品質乏鍛造品。另外，做為無 機化合物使用氮化硼、氟化物、滑石、雲母、金屬氧化物 、氮化矽、硼化合物、硫化合物、磷化合物，而有機化合 物可為使用羧酸架構上付加鈉、鈣、鋁、鋇、鋰、鉀、鎂 、或鋅之金靥肥皂，或聚乙烯、聚丙烯、環氣樹脂、矽樹 脂、天然蠟類、酚樹脂、丙烯酸糸樹脂、醇酸樹脂、胺基 甲酸乙酯、苯乙烯樹脂、或氣樹脂之高分子化合物或藉由 環糊精化合物使合成酯類、天然油脂類、礦物油類、聚矽 氣油、聚苯醚、聚伸烷二醇、或乙烯一丙烯共聚物等液體 或膏狀之化合物成為粉末狀或顆粒狀者，即更能發揮·上述 效果。而上述無機化合物、有機化合物中，可以分別使用 組合二種以上者，即能獲最適於锻造作業上使用之潤滑劑 〇 (實施例） 本紙尺度逍用中國a家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2丨0x297公及) -6 - 經濟部十央標準/i'JM工消设合作社印31 五、發明説明（5 ) 以下示本發明實施例，惟本發明並不限定於此。 首先獲得以下所示（A)〜（G)潤滑劑，使用此等 潤滑劑進行鍛造鋁合金之鍛造作業，依表1所示項目比較 檢討。另外，使用之合金偽J I S20 14高力合金。锻 造溫度傜390*0,潤滑劑傜以靜電噴霧法予以噴霧。本 發明例之（A)〜（D)混合物僳針對以粉末狀或顆粒狀 形態將有機化合物混合予無機化合物者，以加熱熔融狀態 混合有機化合物予無機化合物之雙方分別進行檢討，惟結 果均相同。又，（D)之有機化合物像使用以實驗性方法 使用環糊精化合物粉末化天然油脂者，而其他化合物則傜 市販者。 _ (A) 90份雲母（平均粘度6w)與10份聚乙烯 之混合物所成本發明之第1例 (B) 10份氮化硼、60份雲母、30份硬脂酸鈣 之混合物所成本發明之第2例 (C) 70份滑石、10份氮化矽、10份天然蠟、 1 0份硬脂酸鋅之混合物所成本發明之第3例 (D) 2 0份氮化硼、60份滑石、5份硼酸鈉、與 15份粉末化天然油脂之混合物所成本發明第4例 (E )僅使用氮化硼（比較例1 ) (F )由礦物油、天然油脂、石墨所成市販之鍛造用 潤滑劑（比較例2 ) (G)由羧酸鹽、合成蟠、極壓賦加劑、界面活性劑 所成市販鍛造用潤滑劑（比較例3) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝< 訂. 線· 本紙5fc尺度边用中a B家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210x297公《：) -7 - 經濟部中央標準杓：^工消讣合作社印51 / i9的3上 Λ6 Β 6 五、發明説明（6 ) 〔表1〕 本 發明 比 較 例 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) 對模型之附著性 Ο Ο Θ Ο X 〇 Δ 品 熔粘防止效果 Ο ◎ Ο Ο — 〇 △ 質 防止缺角之效果 0 Θ Ό © — 〇 X 影 防止裂痕效果 © Ο Ο © — 〇 X 逛 提高鍛造品表面 Θ 〇 Q 〇 — 〇 △ 因 之品質效果 子 防止油傷效果 Θ Ο Q Ο — X △ 防止發生冒煙、水蒸汽等 © ◎ Ο © — 〇 △ 致使惡化作業場環境 X :完全無，一：無法測定不能，△:小，〇：普通，〇:大 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙张尺度边用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210><297公垃） -8 -

Claims (1)

  1. 六、申請專利範08 第80109204號專#申諳案 中文申請專利範圍修正本 (^先^^背面之注意事^再^-本页 民國81年9月修正 1 . 一種鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑劑，傜混合以固體可 做為潤滑劑使用之無機化合物所成粉末狀或顆粒狀之潤滑 劑基材，與可賦予潤滑劑基材具有附著性之有機化合物所 成潤滑劑，其特徵為該兩者皆具有粉末狀或顆粒狀之形態 ，或潤滑劑基材為披有機化合物所被覆之形態者，其中有 機化合物為對無機化合物而言含有0.1〜50重量％比 率，使用一種以上複數種類之金屬肥皂，複數種類之高分 子化合物，藉由環糊精化合物使液狀或赍狀之化合物成為 粉末狀或顆粒狀者，無機化合物傜使用一種以上氮化硼、 氟化物.、滑石、雲母、金屣氧化物、氮化矽、硼化合物、 •訂. 硫化合物、碟化合物者。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑 劑，其中金屬肥皂為羧酸架構上附加鈉、鈣、鋁、鋇、鋰 、鉀、鎂、或鋅所成者。 經浒部中央檁準局员工消资合作社印奴 .綠· 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之鍛造鋁合金用粉末潤滑 劑，其中高分子化合物為聚乙烯、聚丙烯、環氧樹脂、矽 樹脂、天然蝋類、酚樹脂、丙烯酸条樹脂、醇酸樹脂、胺 基甲酸乙酯樹脂、苯乙烯樹脂、或氣樹脂。 4 .如申請專利範圍第1項之锻造鋁合^用粉末跹滑 · 劑，其中1狀或膏狀之化合物為合成酯類、天然油脂類、 礦物油類、聚矽氣油、聚苯醚、聚伸烷二醇、或乙烯-丙 本纸張尺度逍用中a S家榀毕規格(2丨0X297公釐） ~ 1 - 公告本 A7 B7 C7 D7 六' 申請專·彳_丨範81烯共聚物。 (請先聞磧背面之注意事項再填艿本1Γ} •疚· ΜΛ部屮央榡芈局员工消费合作社印製 ..線. .本紙張尺度適用中a國家樣準(CNS)甲4規格(210X297公釐) -2 -
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