SU699005A1 - Fuel emulsion for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

one

This invention relates to the technology of concentrated dasper systems, more precisely to the technology of water emulsions in hydrocarbon fuels, intended for use, mainly in internal combustion engines (ICE).

Water-based emulsions are widely known, consisting of certain amounts of water, hydrocarbon fuels, and surfactants as surfactants. In the majority of cases, these methods of floor ches1 and types of surfactants allow to obtain a direct type emulsion — hydrocarbon fuel in water, for example, a fuel emulsion based on a carbon hydrogen fuel with the addition of water and surfactant (diethanol amide, triethanolamine monoether, triethanol amine and fatty acid, triethanol ) 1. However, the flammability of this emulsion is insufficient. Closer to the proposed fuel emulsin, in essence and the result achieved, is an emulsion of water in gasoline in the presence of a mixture of surfactants consisting of at least two components, one of which

dissolves predominantly in water, another in the hydrocarbon phase. As a surfactant, a mixture of Ci-Cjamine fatty acids, alkylamino alcohols with € 2-0 is used; and alkylphenols with Ce-Ci2 in the alkyl group 2.

A disadvantage of the known emulsion is: firstly, the low water content in the emulsion is up to 30%, secondly, the need to use large amounts of surfactant is from 0.5 to 2 or more by weight. Surfactants to emulsify one part of water.

The water content in the emulsion up to 30% does not allow the viscosity of the water-gasoline emulsion to vary within wide limits. An increase in viscosity of the emulsion by a factor of 20, which can be achieved by increasing the concentration of the aqueous phase up to 65%, is necessary for the use of water-gasoline emulsions in multi-fuel internal combustion engines (ICE). The use of large amounts of surfactants to stabilize the emulsion is uneconomical.

The aim of this invention is to increase the efficiency of the emulsion, namely: the creation of stable water-benzine emulsions with a high concentration of the aqueous phase and a small amount of surfactant. This goal is achieved by using as a surfactant a mixture of peitaarite diester and oleic acid 1 with anhydrosorbate polyethylene glycol ether and oleic acid 2 or tetraethylene glycol isooctylphenol 3 at their ratio of 1: 0.2-1, with the following ratio of compo % by volume: Water1-65 Surfactant0.05-9.75 Gasoline 100 The total amount of these surfactants needed to produce a stable water emulsion in gasoline is significantly less than in the known emulsions, and is calculated per emulated water 5-15 vol.% or 0.05-DHS weight. h. The maximum possible amount of water in the emulsion is increased to 65 vol.%. A further increase in the water content leads to reversal of the phases. The size of water droplets does not exceed 0.5 microns. When preparing an emulsion, the calculated amount of substance 1 dissolves in gasoline at room temperature, a certain amount of substance 2 or 3 dissolves in distilled water at 50 ° C. Then the aqueous surfactant solution slowly flows to the gasoline with stirring. The rotation speed of the agitator is 2800 rpm. Basically, emulsification is carried out using a rotary dispersant at room temperature. The emulsifiable mixture is passed through a 0.2 mm gap between the rotor and stator teeth. The residence time of the emulsion in the dispersant system is 3 minutes. The rotor speed is 5000 rpm. The total emulsion production time is 5 minutes. In this way, all the emulsions are obtained with a water content of from 1 to 65% by volume in the presence of an admixture of surfactant from 5 to 20% by volume, based on the emulsified water. The content of components in the emulsion with a different amount of water is given in table. 1. TableD

The amount of water precipitated from the top layer of 10 mm in 3 hours, vol.%

girovannuyu water.

The effect of the total amount of surfactant on the sedimentation stability of the emulsion (water content 20%) is given below.

The amount of water precipitated from the top layer of 10 mm in 3 hours.

about.%

prieststvo 2 - substance 1 in the ratio 0.5: 1 58.0

101.0