RU2601802C1 - Erection method of batter drainage earth structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drainage devices and can be used for protection of local slopes of earth dams and dams banking from possible filtration deformations of their soil at the outlet of filtration flow. Batter drainage on slope is made from previously prepared gabion mattresses 1 prefabricated structure width 0.3-0.5 m, thickness of 0.2-0.4 m and length of up to 2 m and the underlying layer 5 of light fascines 2. Underlying layer 5 of light fascines 2 in the base and gabion mattresses 1 from above them are connected together by zinc-plated metal wire. Along the upper row mattresses 1 with deepening in slope are laid heavy mattresses of bags 6 with local and plant soil tightly connected to each other and with the gabion mattresses 1 on slope. In the bottom of the drainage in the tail bay above said gabion mattresses 1 is arranged gravel or gravel-pebbly filling 7. Effectiveness of the construction and efficiency of drainage device is increased.

EFFECT: batter drainage, arranged with the proposed method, the most effective can be used in difficult conditions of rivers at their flat and submountain sections, where erected low-pressure earthing dams and dams of fine sand and clay soils.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to drainage devices and can be used to protect the lower slopes of earthen dams and dams of deboning from possible filtering deformations and erosion of soils.

Known drainage arranged on the lower slopes of soil dams made of sand-gravel and stone materials [1]. Their main disadvantages are the need for a large amount of stone and sand-gravel material and the difficulty of laying reverse filters.

The closest technical solution is the "Method of erecting an overhead drain of biopositive design" of flexible mattresses made of mesh shells and a draining aggregate from the rows of light fascin [2]. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the technology of the construction of drainage with anchor devices.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the manufacturability of the construction and efficiency of the drainage device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting overhead drainage, including laying on the lower slope of the earthen structure of flexible mattresses made of dense rows of light fascines and mesh shells, the overhead drainage on the slope is made from prefabricated gabion mattresses of prefabricated construction with a width of 0.3-0 5 m, a thickness of 0.2-0.4 m and a length of 2 m and from the underlying layer of light fascin, while the underlying layer of light fascin in the base and gabion mattresses on top of them are connected by a galvanized metal wire On the side and along the upper row of mattresses with a recess in the slope, heavy mattresses are laid from bags with local and vegetable soil, tightly connected between each other and with gabion mattresses on the slope, and at the bottom of the drainage in the lower pool, gravel or gravel-pebble filling is arranged on top of the gabion mattresses.

In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an earthen structure (dam or dam) along the axis of the overburden drainage; in FIG. 2 - a fragment of a plan of overhead drainage with a horizontal section; in FIG. 3 - gabion mattress; in FIG. 4 - light fascia.

The drainage system consists of gabion mattresses 1 made of light fascia 2 and perforated pipes 3 wrapped in gabion mesh 4, and the underlying layer 5 of light fascia 2, heavy mattresses of bags 6 with local and plant soil, as well as gravel or gravel pebble backfill 7.

Forced drainage of earthworks is carried out and works as follows.

All elements of overhead drainage are made manually at the installation site with partial use of mechanical devices. First, for the manufacture of light fascia 2, gabion mattresses 1, dry reeds are prepared in advance in the required volume, and gabion (metal) nets 4 and perforated polymer pipes 3 (diameter 40-50 mm) are cut in the required amount in the required amount. geogrids for bags 6. Light fascia 2, gabion mattresses 1 and bags 6 are prepared from these materials in the required volume. Gabion mattresses 1 can have the following sizes: 30 × 20 × 120 cm, 40 × 30 × 150 cm, 50 × 40 × 200 see and others. After that, a trench is developed to a depth of 1.5 m at the bottom of the downstream slope in the downstream (UB) and a downstream slope to the bottom of the trench is planned. Then, starting from the bottom of the slope and the bottom of the trench, an underlying layer 5 of light fashions 2, interconnected by strong ropes of polymer materials, is laid in dense rows along the slope line. On top of the underlying layer 5, on the lower slope, gabion mattresses 1 are laid in dense and parallel rows, interconnected by a galvanized metal wire (2-2.5 mm in diameter). On the slope along the last row of mattresses 1, a trench is developed with a depth and width of 2 m, where a horizontal row of heavy mattresses is laid from bags 6 with vegetable and local soil tightly interconnected and gabion mattresses 1. Bags 6 are covered with local soil from the top to the bottom slope. . After that, at the bottom of the overflow drainage, a trench and part of the gabion mattresses are covered with gravel or gravel-pebble soil with a thickness of up to 1.5 m.

The drainage drainage as part of earthworks (soil dams and dams) works as follows. Filtration water moving under the influence of hydrostatic pressure from the upstream side (WB) through the pores of the soil of the dam or dam body falls into the bottom slope zone, where 5 gabion mattresses 1 with drainage pipes 3 are laid on the underlying layer. At the same time, light fascias 2 at the base and gabion mattresses 1 freely accept water from above because of their high water permeability and pass through the lower slope in the NB. Thus, light-weighted fascia 2 stacked in tight rows prevents possible filtration deformations of soils in the area of the outlet of the filtration flow, and gabion mattresses, laid on top of them, ensure the safe reception and removal of filtered water through the body of the earthworks. Stability and durability of the drainage structure is provided by heavy mattresses from bags 6, gabion mattresses 1 and gravel backfill 7. In the design of the drainage, the main filtration material uses dry ripened reeds - a fairly resistant and durable natural material that works effectively in an aqueous environment and is a highly draining material. Light fascia 2 used in drainage, including play a reclamation role, retaining moisture for a long time. Over time, overhead drainage will overgrow with green plants. As a result, an earthen building with overflow drainage will turn into a biopositive structure that does not impede the circulation of substances and energy, helps the development of nature, is included in the ecosystem of the river and is perceived by nature as akin to it.

The forced drainage erected by the proposed method can be most effectively used in remote conditions of rivers in their flat and foothill areas where low-pressure earthen dams and dams from fine sand and clay soils are constructed.

Information sources

1. Waterworks. Designer Handbook / Edited by Dr. Tech. sciences, prof., V.P. Nedrigi. - M: Stroyizdat, 1983, p. 172-173, p. 491.

2. Patent No. 2393294, ЕВВ 11/00 2010. A method of erecting an overhead drainage of a biopositive structure / Auth. Kurbanov S.O. and etc.

Claims (1)

A method of erecting overhead drainage, including laying on the lower slope of an earthen structure of flexible mattresses made of dense rows of light fascines and mesh shells, characterized in that the overflow drainage on the slope is made from prefabricated gabion mattresses of a prefabricated structure 0.3-0.5 m wide , 0.2-0.4 m thick and up to 2 m long and from the underlying layer of light fascin, while the underlying layer of light fascin at the base and gabion mattresses on top of them are connected together by a galvanized metal wire and along the top a series of mattresses with a deepening in the slope, they lay heavy mattresses from bags with local and vegetable soil, firmly connected with each other and with gabion mattresses on the slope, and at the bottom of the drainage in the lower pool, gravel or gravel-pebble filling is arranged on top of the gabion mattresses.

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