RU2312241C2 - Method of and gas-oil heat exchanger for safe heating of fuel gas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in gas used in gas-turbine plants of gas-transfer sets. According to proposed method of safe heating of fuel gas, fuel gas is used in gas-oil heat exchanger of gas transfer set as cooling medium, and simultaneously buffer channels and buffer spaces are formed to prevent getting of fuel gas into oil system of gas-turbine engine. Gas-oil heat exchanger has plate channels for oil and gas and plate buffer channels, all channels being united into multiple-layer pack with adjoining distributing and accumulating manifolds. Buffer channels are arranged between alternating channels for oil and channels for gas, separating said channels. All channels are provided with carrying walls, corrugated heads and bars, the latter being arranged along two opposite edges parallel to each other, and corrugated heads being installed in between. Heads of buffer channels are perpendicular to heads, of gas and oil channels, and two opposite ends of buffer channels open into atmosphere. Channels for oil and gas contain buffer spaces in two opposite cross angles close to distributors of input and output. Said buffer spaces are limited by bars and are provided with output along corrugated heads into atmosphere.

EFFECT: provision of safe operation of gas-oil heat exchanger.

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and heat engineering and may find application in gas turbine installations of gas pumping units.

Known gas pumping unit, "Gas pumping unit", and.with. USSR No. 8444797, IPC F02C 1/00, bull. No. 25, 1981, containing a centrifugal supercharger with a drive engine that uses gas transported through the gas pipeline as a fuel, a cooling lubricant-coolant (coolant) system with a heat exchanger in which the fuel gas is heated by coolant.

The disadvantage of this gas pumping unit is that in case of damage to the tubes or their fasteners in the tube sheets of the heat exchanger, it becomes possible for the fuel gas to pass into the cooled path of the GTU lubrication system and centrifugal supercharger, which leads to an emergency stop of the entire gas pumping unit.

A device for cooling oil of a gas turbine and gas supercharger is known, “Device for cooling oil of a gas turbine and gas supercharger”, RF patent No. 2239099, IPC F04D 29/06, publication date 10.27.2004, which includes a gas-oil heat exchanger made in the form of a dual-circuit apparatus, the contours of which are interconnected by a buffer fluid pipeline, and the buffer fluid pipeline is equipped with a circulation pump and a tank.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design and operation, which is explained by the presence of two heat exchangers and a pipeline for a buffer fluid with a circulation pump and a tank with a heater.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed invention is “A method of cooling oil in the oil system of a gas pumping unit and a gas-oil heat exchanger for its implementation”, RF patent No. 2221156, IPC F02C 7/06, F28D 1/00, publication date 01.10.2004 year in which natural gas pumped into the mains is used as a cooling medium, and an aqueous solution of a substance with a low freezing point neutral to oil and gas is used as an intermediate heat carrier, and gas aslyany heat exchanger for carrying out the proposed method comprises a first loop of plate channels for the oil and a second circuit of tubular channels for gas, wherein both circuits are interconnected by an intermediate circuit for a neutral coolant.

The disadvantage of this method is that during depressurization of the gas-to-intermediate heat-transfer heat exchanger of the dual-circuit gas-oil heat exchanger, the fuel gas enters the buffer liquid, which leads to a violation of the safety of the unit. The use of a buffer liquid as an intermediate heat carrier inevitably complicates the operation of a gas-oil heat exchanger and leads to an additional energy consumption. When implementing this method, the design of a gas-oil heat exchanger is inevitably complicated.

The disadvantage of this gas-oil heat exchanger is the presence of an intermediate circuit for a neutral coolant, which leads to increased costs, to complexity in operation, complicates the design.

The main technical task of the proposed technical solution is the safety of the gas-oil heat exchanger.

Additionally, an increase in the reliability and efficiency of the gas-oil heat exchanger, simplification of its operation is achieved.

The technical result is achieved in a method for safely heating fuel gas by cooling the oil coming from the supports of a gas turbine engine and a supercharger of a gas pumping unit and forming a fire or explosive mixture with gas, in which fuel gas is used as a cooling medium in a gas-oil heat exchanger of a gas-pumping unit, and in gas-oil the heat exchanger is organized between alternating channels for oil and channels for gas, separating them, buffer channels simultaneously with buffer by excluding explosive and fire hazard situations in a gas turbine engine.

The technical result is also achieved in a gas-oil heat exchanger with plate-type oil channels, also containing plate-type gas channels and plate-buffer channels, all channels of the gas-oil heat exchanger combined in a multilayer package with distributing and collecting manifolds for oil and gas adjacent to it, and in a multilayer package buffer channels are located between alternating oil channels and gas channels, separating them, while all channels contain load-bearing walls, corrugated nozzles, like ribbing of channels, and whetstones, and the whetstones are located on two opposite edges of the plate channels, parallel to each other, and between them are installed corrugated nozzles with the possibility of flow direction, while the corrugated nozzles of the buffer channels are perpendicular to the corrugated nozzles of the channels for gas and channels for oil, and two opposite edges of the buffer channel are open to the atmosphere, while the oil channels and gas channels contain in two opposite cross angles g anichaschie with inlet and outlet valves buffer cavity bounded by bars and having outlet nozzles along corrugated atmosphere. Corrugated nozzles and bars in the channels are rigidly connected to the supporting walls of the channels by vacuum soldering. The bearing walls of the channels are made in the form of spacer sheets with solder applied to them.

The organization of both buffer channels and buffer cavities allows, most importantly, to ensure the safe operation of the gas-oil heat exchanger. The reliability and efficiency of the unit increases, the design and, accordingly, its operation are greatly simplified.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which are shown:

figure 1 - General view of the gas-oil heat exchanger;

figure 2 - arrangement of channels for oil, for gas and buffer channels in a multilayer package of a gas-oil heat exchanger;

figure 3 - diagram of the channel for oil gas-oil heat exchanger;

4 is a diagram of the channel for gas gas-oil heat exchanger;

5 is a diagram of a buffer channel of a gas-oil heat exchanger.

The implementation of the proposed method for safe heating of fuel gas is carried out in a gas-oil heat exchanger, which has a collector and distributor of oil collectors, collector and distributor of gas collectors, a multilayer package with plate channels for oil and plate channels for gas, while for safe heating of fuel gas in a gas-oil heat exchanger organize buffer cavities in the channels for gas and in the channels for oil and additional lamellar buffer channels.

When implementing the proposed method, the cold fuel gas is directed through a gas distributing manifold into the plate channels for gas of a multilayer gas-oil heat exchanger package. In these channels, cold fuel gas is distributed over the entire cross section and saturated with heat of hot oil, which is simultaneously supplied to the oil channels of this gas-oil heat exchanger. Before that, plate-shaped buffer channels are formed in a gas-oil heat exchanger, two opposite sides are opened into the atmosphere, and simultaneously, buffer cavities are formed in the oil and gas channels with the possibility of escape into the atmosphere along the corrugated gas nozzles, which, in an emergency, enters the buffer cavities and buffer channels .

Gas-oil heat exchanger that implements the proposed method for safe heating of fuel gas, contains collecting 2 and distributing 4 oil manifolds, collecting 5 and distributing 3 gas manifolds, a multilayer package 1 with plate channels 6 for oil, plate channels 7 for gas, plate buffer channels 8. Plate oil channels 6 consist of bearing walls 9, corrugated nozzles 10 and bars 11, 17, contain buffer cavities 12, 13, inlet distributors 14, outlet distributors 15. Buffer cavities 12 and 13 of the plate channel Ovs 6 for oil with corrugated nozzles are limited by bars 11 and 17. Plate channels 7 for gas consist of bearing walls 18, corrugated nozzles 19 and bars 20, 26, contain buffer cavities 21, 22, inlet distributors 23, and outlet distributors 24. Buffer cavities 21 and 22 of the lamellar channels 7 for gas with corrugated nozzles are limited by bars 20 and 26. The lamellar buffer channels 8 consist of load-bearing walls, which are simultaneously load-bearing walls of 9 oil channels and load-bearing walls of 18 gas channels, corrugated nozzles 16 and bars 25. Corrugated nozzles and bars in the channels are rigidly connected to the bearing walls of the channels by vacuum soldering, and the bearing walls of the channels are made in the form of spacer sheets with solder applied to them.

Gas-oil heat exchanger operates as follows. Heated in the supports of the engine or supercharger (not shown in the figures), the oil through the distributing manifold 4 of the oil enters in a multilayer package 1 in the distributors of the inlet 14 of the channels 6 for oil. The oil is distributed over the entire cross section of the oil channels 6, flows along the bars 11 of the oil channels 6, flowing around the corrugated nozzles 10 soldered to the bearing walls 9, and giving its heat to the corrugated nozzles 10 and the bearing walls 9 of the channels 6 during convective heat transfer for butter. Next, the oil enters the outlet distributors 15, where it is collected from the entire cross section of the oil channels 6 and enters the oil collecting manifold 2. Further, through the oil tank and pump (not shown in the figures), it returns cooled to the engine or supercharger supports.

Heat generated by the oil is transferred to the thermal conductivity by means of corrugated nozzles 10 of the 6 oil channels 6 to the bearing walls 9 of the oil channels 6 and then, together with the heat received directly by the bearing walls 9, is transferred to the buffer channels 8, where it is also transferred through the corrugated nozzles 16 of the buffer channels 8 to the thermal conductivity the supporting walls 18 of the gas channels 7 and then the corrugated nozzles 19 of the gas channels 7.

Cold fuel gas from the gas pipeline through the fuel gas preparation system (not shown in the figures) enters the gas distribution manifold 3 and then to the inlet distributors 23 of the gas channels 7. Fuel gas is distributed over the entire cross section of the gas channels 7, flows along the bars 20 of the gas channels 7, flowing around the corrugated nozzles 19 soldered to the bearing walls 18, and absorbing heat during convective heat transfer from the corrugated nozzles 19 and the bearing walls 18. Next, the gas enters the outlet distributors 24, where it is collected from the entire cross section of the gas channels 7 and enters the gas collecting manifold 5, from which the heated fuel gas enters the combustion chamber of the gas turbine engine (on figures not shown).

In this case, the buffer channels 8 and the buffer cavities 12, 13, 21, 22 work as follows. If emergency destruction of one or several bearing walls 18 of the gas channels 7 takes place, then the gas will definitely enter the buffer channels 8 and along the bars 25 of the corrugated nozzles 16 will be released into the atmosphere without entering the oil channels 6. If under the collecting 5 or distributing 3 gas collectors depressurization occurs on the soldered connection of the bars 17 with the bearing walls 9 of the oil channels 6, then gas from the collectors 5 and 3 will enter the buffer cavities 12 and 13 of the oil channels 6 and from there along the corrugated nozzles of these cavities will be released into the atmosphere without entering the distributors of the inlet 14 and the outlet 15 of the oil channels 6. If depressurization occurs in the gas channels 7 through the soldered connection of the bars 20 with the supporting walls 18, then the gas from the gas channels 7 will either enter the buffer cavities 21 and 22 and then go out into the atmosphere along the corrugated nozzles of these cavities or directly into the atmosphere.

Thus, while organizing buffer channels and buffer cavities in the method for safe heating of fuel gas, safety, reliability and efficiency in the operation of a gas-oil heat exchanger are achieved, and the design and operation of a gas-oil heat exchanger is significantly simplified.

A prototype of the claimed invention has been successfully tested and is being prepared for delivery to the customer for testing as part of a gas turbine engine.

Claims (4)

1. A method of safely heating fuel gas by cooling the oil coming from the supports of a gas turbine engine and a supercharger of a gas pumping unit and forming a fire or explosive mixture with gas, in which fuel gas is used as a cooling medium in a gas-oil heat exchanger of a gas pumping unit, characterized in that a gas-oil heat exchanger is arranged between alternating oil channels and gas channels, separating them, buffer channels simultaneously with buffer cavities, excluding the occurrence of an explosive and fire hazard situation in a gas turbine engine. 2. Gas-oil heat exchanger with plate channels for oil, characterized in that it also contains plate channels for gas and plate buffer channels, and all channels of the gas-oil heat exchanger are combined in a multilayer package with distributing and collecting manifolds for oil and gas adjacent to it, and the multilayer bag buffer channels are located between alternating oil channels and gas channels, separating them, while all channels contain load-bearing walls, corrugated nozzles as a fin channel c and bars, and the bars are located on two opposite edges of the plate channels, parallel to each other, and between them parallel mounted corrugated nozzles with the possibility of the direction of flow of media, while the corrugated nozzles of the buffer channels are perpendicular to the corrugated nozzles of the channels for gas and oil channels, and two opposite edges of the buffer channel are open to the atmosphere, while the oil channels and gas channels contain in two opposite cross angles bordering the distribution The entry and exit factors are buffer cavities limited by bars and having an exit along the corrugated nozzles into the atmosphere. 3. Gas-oil heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the corrugated nozzles and bars in the channels are rigidly connected to the supporting walls of the channels by vacuum soldering. 4. The gas-oil heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing walls of the channels are made in the form of spacer sheets with solder applied to them.

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