RU2561799C1 - Air cooling heat exchange unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: in an air cooling heat exchange unit containing a housing, in which heat exchange tubes are arranged, which are combined by headers into sections located parallel to each other along the housing, some part of the heat exchange tubes of the section is connected with upper ends to distributing headers, and the other part is connected to collecting headers; with that, the sections are installed so that headers of the adjacent sections are turned relative to each other through an angle of 180°; besides, the unit is provided with a stage of distributing headers located above the housing of the unit in two tiers and connected with supply and discharge tubes to the corresponding headers of the sections, thus combining the sections into groups.

EFFECT: improving thermal effectiveness; providing minimum hydraulic resistance as to a cooling water circuit; providing compensation of thermal expansions of a heat exchange surface relative to the housing at rather high cooled air temperatures; providing a possibility of damping of any non-tight section of the heat exchanger; reducing labour costs for manufacture of the heat exchanger.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The proposed solution relates to heat exchangers and can be used for heating, cooling liquids and gases. The proposed heat exchanger (heat exchanger) is designed to heat the fluid flowing inside the heat exchanger tubes in a stream of hot gases (air).

For the heating or cooling of liquid and gaseous products, various types of heat exchangers are used and are used in various industries. Using gas, steam, water at various temperatures, it is possible to heat or cool the coolant to a predetermined temperature. The most common type are tubular heat exchangers, which consist of tubular elements connected to one flow system.

Known tubular heat exchangers used for cooling industrial gases, made of a number of vertical tubular elements located in the housing and combined in sections (See, for example, ed. St. No. 105126 of 10/17/1952). Known heat exchangers are large, low productivity, inconvenient and difficult to manufacture and operate.

Known tubular heat exchangers containing many heat transfer tubular elements combined in sections (see, for example, patent RU No. 22210045, publ. 10.12.2003, class IPC F28F 9/00). In said heat exchanger, the tubular elements form panels mounted with a lumen relative to each other. The tubular elements are fixed on the tube sheets, and are interconnected by means of spacing elements. A heat exchanger of this design has large dimensions, uneven cooling. Sections work in parallel, and this leads to temperature pulsations, uneven temperatures of the circulating flows, which reduces thermal efficiency.

Known multi-section tubular heat exchangers containing heat exchanging tubular elements, at the ends of which collectors are installed. The sections are parallel to each other and connected in series using a tubular elbow (see, for example, patent RU No. 2294503, publ. 02.27.2007, class IPC F28D 7/16). This multi-sectional heat exchanger is designed to heat the fluid flowing inside the pipes in a stream of hot gases and consists of sections including straight-line heat exchangers, at the ends of which collectors are installed. Collectors are connected in series using tubular elbows.

The disadvantage of this design is the unevenness of the temperature field of the circulating coolants, the difficulty of compensating for thermal expansions at sufficiently high parameters of the cooled gas, and the inability to turn off the heat exchanger section if it is depressurized.

According to the largest number of common features and the achieved result, the multi-section heat exchanger according to patent RU No. 2294503 is chosen as the prototype.

The technical task is to create a heat exchanger, which ensures uniformity of the temperature field of the circulating coolants and their effect on the structural elements of the apparatus.

The solution of the technical problem makes it possible to increase the thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger, reliability and resource.

The problem is solved in that in an air-cooled heat exchanger containing a housing in which heat-exchange pipes are placed, united by collectors in sections parallel to each other along the housing, part of the pipe heat exchanger with the upper ends is connected by distributing collectors, and the other part by collecting collectors, and sections installed so that the collectors of adjacent sections are rotated relative to each other by 180 °, in addition, the apparatus is equipped with a cascade of distribution manifolds located in two tiers above the body of the apparatus and connected by inlet and outlet pipes with the corresponding section collectors. Separating partitions are installed between the collectors of neighboring sections, and a throttling device is installed in the heat transfer pipes from the side of the distributing and collecting collectors.

The housing is equipped with a drainage fitting and a leveling grill mounted on the air inlet side.

The proposed design of the heat exchanger allows you to equalize the temperature field of the circulating coolants, which leads to an increase in thermal efficiency and evens out their effect on the structural elements of the apparatus within the section, group and apparatus as a whole. This is feasible by combining the heat exchange tubes within the section, arranging the collectors of adjacent sections and uniting the sections into groups.

It is possible to disconnect sections of the heat exchanger in case of depressurization of the heat exchanger tubes, and also simplifies the procedure for detecting leaks and shutting down leaky sections.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a heat exchanger;

in FIG. 2 shows a section AA of FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 shows the remote element B of FIG. one;

in FIG. 4 shows a remote element. In FIG. one.

The heat exchanger consists of heat exchange tubes 1 forming a heat exchange surface and housed in a housing 2 having a nozzle 3 of the inlet of hot air and a nozzle 4 of the outlet of cooled air. Heat transfer pipes 1 are connected by collectors 5, 6 and 7 in sections that are installed along the housing parallel to each other. The upper ends of the heat exchange tubes part 1 within the section are fixed in the collector 5, and the other parts in the collector 6. The lower ends of the heat exchange pipes 1 are fixed in the intermediate manifold 7. For one (first) section, the collector 5 is distributing, and the collector 6 is collecting. Adjacent sections are installed so that the manifolds are rotated relative to each other by 180 °. Therefore, for the heat exchange pipes 1 of the adjacent section, the collector 6 will be a distributing, and the collector 5 is collecting, that is, opposite the collecting collector 6 of the section, distributing collectors 5 of adjacent sections will be located.

Distribution collectors 8 of the first tier and collector 9 of the second tier are located above the casing 2 of the apparatus in two tiers, which are connected by supply pipes 10 and discharge pipes 11 to the corresponding collectors 5 and 6 of the heat-exchange sections, thus forming section groups. The first group of sections is connected by inlet pipes 10 to the distribution manifold 8 and outlet pipes 11 with the distribution manifold 9, which is collecting for the first group of sections and distributing for the second group of sections and then alternating groups.

That is, the distribution manifolds 8 and 9 are installed so that a cascade of distributing and collecting manifolds is formed, combining the heat exchange sections into groups of sections in parallel-series, providing the required number of consecutive strokes of the coolant (water). The number of parallel-sequentially combined sections is selected depending on the required parameters of the circulating coolants.

Between the collectors 5, 6, 7 of adjacent sections, partitions 12 are installed to exclude bypass air leaks past the heat exchange surface.

A throttling device 13 is installed in the heat exchange pipes 1 in the region of the distributing sections 5 and collecting the collectors 6 to eliminate the collector effect due to the uniform distribution of the cooled water through the heat exchange pipes.

On the air inlet side, a grill 14 is installed in the apparatus, leveling the air velocity field at the entrance to the heat exchange surface.

In the lower part, the housing 2 is equipped with a drainage fitting 15, which provides the removal of the cooling coolant (water) in the event of the depressurization of the heat exchange pipes 1 and eliminates its ingress into the air circuit.

The heat exchange surface is placed in a stream of hot air that enters through the pipe 3 into the annular space of the heat exchange surface and the cooled leaves through the pipe 4.

Cooling coolant (water) enters the inlet manifold 8 of the cascade of distribution manifolds 8 and 9. Through the inlet pipes 10 it enters the distributing manifold 5 and the heat exchange pipes 1 of the first group of sections, it is heated and through the collector 7 collecting collector 6 through the outlet pipes 11 enters the distribution collector 9 cascade. Then, in parallel, sequential circulation of the coolant through the heat exchange pipes 1 of the following groups of sections is carried out and discharged through the output collector 8 of the cascade.

The implementation of the heat exchanger in the proposed way allows you to:

- increase the heat efficiency of the heat exchanger due to the alignment of the heat flux along the cross section of the heat exchanger;

- to provide the power of the heat exchanger by recruiting the required number of sections, that is, to realize the power series of the same type heat exchangers using one element base as part of the heat exchange surface;

- provide minimum hydraulic resistance along the cooling water path;

- to provide compensation for thermal expansions of the heat exchange surface relative to the housing at sufficiently high temperatures of the cooled air, due to the inlet and outlet pipes of the sections to the distribution manifolds located above the heat exchanger body;

- to provide the possibility of jamming any non-tight section of the heat exchanger due to the possibility of cutting off the inlet and outlet pipes to each section;

- minimize the complexity of manufacturing a heat exchanger, due to the possibility of manufacturing the same type of unified sections in mass production with maximum mechanization and automation of the processes of individual parts, their assembly and control.

Claims (5)

1. An air-cooled heat exchanger comprising a housing in which heat-transfer pipes are placed, united by collectors in sections located parallel to each other along the housing, characterized in that a part of the heat transfer pipes of the section with upper ends are connected to the distributing collectors, and the other part to collecting collectors, moreover, the sections are installed so that the collectors of adjacent sections are rotated relative to each other by 180 °, in addition, the apparatus is equipped with a cascade of distribution manifolds located above the pusom apparatus in two tiers and connected to inlet and outlet pipes with appropriate collectors sections, wherein the combining sections into groups. 2. An air-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that dividing partitions are installed between the collectors of adjacent sections. 3. An air-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that a throttling device is installed in the heat exchange pipes from the side of the distributing and collecting manifolds. 4. The air-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that an equalizing grate is installed in the housing from the air inlet side. 5. The air-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a drainage fitting.

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