RU2361095C1 - Device for cleaning of spent gases of internal combustion engine from nitrogen oxides - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: device for cleaning of spent gases of internal combustion engine from nitrogen oxides comprises chamber of low temperature plasma with corona electrode and two insulators, inlet and outlet nozzles and high voltage source, additional chamber with catalyst and two coaxially installed electrodes with holes for gas entry and exit, at that internal electrode is electrically connected to corona electrode, and peripheral electrode is located with gap relative to body of additional chamber and is electrically connected to its body.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of spent gases cleaning from nitrogen oxides.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the purification of exhaust gases from nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) of internal combustion engines (ICE), in particular to devices for cleaning exhaust gases of diesel engines, and can be used in internal combustion engines and other industries where diesel fuel is used.

A device for cleaning the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines from nitrogen oxides, containing a cylindrical discharge chamber with a corona electrode placed in its center, a grid located between the walls of the chamber and the central electrode, and a pulsed high voltage source (see patent RU No. 2159665, cl. B01D 53/32, publ. 11/27/2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of its work on the purification of exhaust gases from NO _x due to the impossibility of trapping acid condensate and reducing nitrogen dioxide.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of purification of exhaust gases from nitrogen oxides.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine from nitrogen oxides, comprising a low-temperature plasma chamber with a corona electrode and two insulators, an inlet and an outlet nozzle and a high voltage source, according to the invention, contains an additional chamber with a catalyst and two coaxially located electrodes with openings for gas inlet and outlet, while the inner electrode is electrically connected to the corona electrode, and the periphery Alarm indication electrode is disposed with a gap relative to the secondary camera housing and electrically coupled to its housing.

The corona electrode can be made in the form of multipath stars, which allows for a higher current density of the corona.

The high voltage supply can be carried out coaxially, and the gas supply to the low-temperature plasma chamber axially through the slotted collector in communication with the inlet pipe, which makes it possible to evenly distribute the gas flow over the chamber cross section.

The drawing shows a device for cleaning exhaust gases of a diesel engine from oxide and nitrogen dioxide.

A device for cleaning exhaust gases of internal combustion engines from nitrogen oxides comprises a low-temperature plasma chamber 1 with a corona electrode 2, made, for example, in the form of multi-beam stars, and two insulators 3, 4, an input pipe 5 and an output pipe 6, a high voltage source 7. The device also contains an additional chamber 8 with a catalyst, for example, γ-Al ₂ O ₃ and with two coaxially arranged electrodes 9, 10. The chamber 1 is detachably connected to the housing 13 of the additional chamber 8. The inner electrode 9 has openings 11 for input and output from working gas and is electrically connected to the corona electrode 2. The peripheral electrode 10 has openings 12 for exhaust gas, is located with a gap 8 relative to the housing 13 of the additional chamber 8 and is electrically connected to the housing 13 of the chamber. The device also contains a slotted collector 14, in communication with the inlet pipe 5 and located in the housing of the chamber 1 of the low-temperature plasma.

The term "low temperature plasma" is widely used in the art. This term refers to plasma with a temperature of up to 10,000 K.

The term "high voltage" is known to those skilled in the art. This term in electrical engineering means any voltage of more than 1 kV.

The cleaning device is usually located in the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine.

During operation, the exhaust of the working engine axially enters the chamber 1 of the low-temperature plasma of the device through the inlet pipe 5 and the input manifold 14. The high voltage device is supplied from the high voltage source 7, and the high voltage supply is coaxial.

A potential DC electrode 9 is supplied with a high DC voltage with nanosecond pulses superimposed on it with an amplitude that is a multiple of the DC voltage. The pulse repetition rate, which determines the efficiency of the device, is proportional to the rotational speed of the engine power take-off shaft. The corona electrode 2, made, for example, in the form of multipath stars and electrically connected to the internal potential electrode 9, are located at such a distance that there is no shielding by the space charge of the neighboring electrodes. Moreover, the average current of the pulsed streamer corona is tens of amperes.

The streamer corona in air under normal atmospheric conditions is characterized by significant densities and energies of the electron-ion flow, which is able to efficiently convert nitric oxide to dioxide and carry out diffusion electron-ion charging of submicron aerosols. Aerosols and particulate matter are removed from the exhaust stream through continuous exposure to high DC voltage.

Before the second insulator 4 in the upstream direction, the gas to be purified through the holes 11 in the electrode 9 enters the additional chamber 8. Nitrogen dioxide is partially absorbed, partially reduced to molecular nitrogen in the additional chamber 8, filled with a sorbent catalyst completely located in the region of a slightly inhomogeneous electric field between potential electrode 9 and peripheral electrode 10.

As a result, plasma chemical complex effects, absorption and stimulated by an electric field of catalytic processes carried out practically complete cleaning power plant emissions flow outlet 6 from the NO _x pollutant its outlet.

Claims (3)

1. A device for cleaning the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine from nitrogen oxides, containing a low-temperature plasma chamber with a corona electrode and two insulators, an input and output nozzles and a high voltage source, characterized in that it contains an additional chamber with a catalyst and two coaxially located electrodes with holes for gas inlet and outlet, while the inner electrode is electrically connected to the corona electrode, and the peripheral electrode is located with a gap relative to housing additional camera and is electrically connected to its body. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the corona electrode is made in the form of multipath stars. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high voltage supply is coaxial, and the gas supply to the low-temperature plasma chamber is axially through the slotted collector in communication with the inlet pipe.