KR20200086995A - 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20200086995A KR20200086995A KR1020190003458A KR20190003458A KR20200086995A KR 20200086995 A KR20200086995 A KR 20200086995A KR 1020190003458 A KR1020190003458 A KR 1020190003458A KR 20190003458 A KR20190003458 A KR 20190003458A KR 20200086995 A KR20200086995 A KR 20200086995A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- lithium
- secondary battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 lithium nickel cobalt metal oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethoxy-hydroxy-oxophosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](O)=O ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011357 graphitized carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011254 layer-forming composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical class [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011564 manganese citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014872 manganese citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097206 manganese citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCYSGAYIEFAJTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl acetate;propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(O)=O.COC(C)=O RCYSGAYIEFAJTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 종래 양극 활물질의 소성 단계를 나타낸 그래프이다.
수분 함유량(ppm) | |
실시예 1 | 504 |
실시예 2 | 414 |
실시예 3 | 401 |
실시예 4 | 398 |
비교예 1 | 868 |
초기 방전용량(mAh/g) | 30번째 사이클에서 용량 유지율(%) | |
실시예 1 | 215.0 | 94.2 |
실시예 2 | 218.2 | 93.3 |
실시예 3 | 219.5 | 93.8 |
실시예 4 | 216.1 | 93.6 |
비교예 1 | 210.7 | 90.8 |
초기 저항 (Ω) | 30번째 사이클에서 저항 증가율 (%) | |
실시예 1 | 23.3 | 122.5 |
실시예 2 | 20.5 | 100.0 |
실시예 3 | 20.1 | 90.7 |
실시예 4 | 21.4 | 117.8 |
비교예 1 | 23.5 | 141.3 |
Claims (10)
- 전이금속 수산화물 총 몰수에 대해서 60 몰% 이상의 니켈을 포함하는 고함량 니켈 함유 전이금속 수산화물과, 리튬 원료물질을 혼합한 후 소성하여 양극 활물질을 제조하는 양극 활물질의 제조 방법에 있어서,
상기 소성은 700℃ 내지 900℃에서 8시간 내지 12시간 동안 열처리하는 소성 단계;
상온까지 냉각하는 냉각 단계; 및
상기 냉각 단계 중 온도가 특정 지점에 도달하면 유지 시간을 가지는 에이징 단계;를 포함하는, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 소성 단계에서부터 상기 에이징 단계를 완료하기까지의 반응은 산소 분위기 하에서 수행하는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 소성 단계 대비 에이징 단계의 유지 시간은 8% 내지 50%의 비율로 수행하는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,
상기 소성 단계 대비 에이징 단계의 유지 시간은 10% 내지 20%의 비율로 수행하는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 에이징 단계는 상기 냉각 단계 중 반응기 내의 온도가 300℃ 내지 600℃에 도달하면 1시간 내지 4시간 동안 유지하는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 에이징 단계는 상기 냉각 단계 중 반응기 내의 온도가 400℃ 내지 500℃에 도달하면 1시간 내지 2시간 동안 유지하는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 전이금속 수산화물은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 것인, 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
[화학식 1]
NixCoyMnzM1 w(OH)2
상기 화학식 1에서,
0.6≤x≤1, 0≤y≤0.4, 0≤z≤0.4, 0≤w≤0.01이고,
상기 M1은 Al, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo, Cr, Ba, Sr 및 Ca로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나 이상임.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법에 의해 제조되고, 수분 함유량이 685ppm 이하인, 양극 활물질.
- 제8항에 따른 양극 활물질을 포함하는, 리튬 이차전지용 양극.
- 제9항에 따른 양극을 포함하는, 리튬 이차전지.
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KR1020190003458A KR102569296B1 (ko) | 2019-01-10 | 2019-01-10 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 |
US17/421,606 US20220119273A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-01-07 | Method of Preparing Positive Electrode Active Material for Lithium Secondary Battery and Positive Electrode Active Material Prepared by the Method |
EP20738923.0A EP3892589B1 (en) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-01-07 | Method for preparing positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery and positive electrode active material prepared by the method |
PCT/KR2020/000293 WO2020145638A1 (ko) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-01-07 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 |
CN202080008028.3A CN113260596B (zh) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-01-07 | 制备锂二次电池用正极活性材料的方法和通过所述方法制备的正极活性材料 |
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WO2022139187A1 (ko) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질과 이의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
WO2022231253A1 (ko) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | 주식회사 포스코 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질과 이의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
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WO2020145638A1 (ko) | 2020-07-16 |
CN113260596A (zh) | 2021-08-13 |
EP3892589A1 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
KR102569296B1 (ko) | 2023-08-22 |
US20220119273A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
JP7270941B2 (ja) | 2023-05-11 |
CN113260596B (zh) | 2023-06-06 |
EP3892589A4 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
JP2022516955A (ja) | 2022-03-03 |
EP3892589B1 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
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