KR20190134955A - Method for culturing low potassium content vegetable and low potassium content vegetable prepared therefrom - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low potassium vegetable cultivation method including: a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with low potassium hydroponic solution; a step of cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with potassium-containing hydroponic solution; and a step of cultivating low potassium vegetables by cultivating the vegetables grown with the potassium-containing aqueous solution again with a low potassium-containing aqueous solution. The cultivation method of low potassium vegetables of the present invention is able to stably produce low potassium vegetables containing a low level of potassium. In addition, low potassium vegetables according to the method of the present invention can be safely introduced to diet even in patients with kidney disease in need of restriction of potassium intake.

Description

Method for cultivating low potassium vegetable and low potassium vegetable grown accordingly {Method for culturing low potassium content vegetable and low potassium content vegetable prepared therefrom}

The present invention relates to a low potassium vegetable cultivation method and a low potassium vegetable cultivated according to the above, more specifically seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds, producing seedlings with a low potassium-containing hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating the low potassium vegetable by cultivating the vegetable cultivated with the potassium-containing hydrophobic solution again with a second low potassium-containing hydroponic solution.

Although modern medicine is developing rapidly, artificial organs that replace the heart, lungs, and liver, dialysis therapy, which replaces kidney function, are still the only long-term renal function for major organs, even though long-term maintenance therapy has not yet become commonplace. It is a universal treatment that has been in place for decades.

Dialysis therapy is divided into hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.In order to manage and maintain dialysis patients, the Korean Society of Nephrology has operated a national end-wife transitional registration program since 1985. Announcing the current state of therapy. As of the end of 2011, the number of hemodialysis patients in Korea was 42,595 (84.7%, 823.6 / million) and 7,694 patients (15.3%, 148.8 / million) as of the end of 2011. ), The total number of dialysis patients is 50,289 (972.4 / million). The number of hemodialysis patients is increasing by about 5-8% per year, but the number of peritoneal dialysis patients is unchanged from about 8,000. The most common cause of end-stage renal failure is diabetic nephropathy (47.1%), followed by hypertensive glomerulosclerosis (19.6%) and chronic glomerulonephritis (10.4%).

Kidney is an important organ that has various functions such as regulating body fluids, maintaining acid, base balance, and hormonal secretion in addition to excretion function to excrete waste products generated during metabolic processes of the human body. Patients undergoing kidney dialysis due to chronic renal failure should receive hemodialysis twice or three times a week because the tubules of the kidneys are damaged and they cannot filter waste products.

On the other hand, potassium should be managed at a certain level (3.5-5.5 mEq / L) in the blood. If the value is high, the potassium in the blood must be filtered through dialysis, or it may be dangerous to life. Patients with damaged kidneys are unable to filter out potassium from food and accumulate in the body, and an increase in serum potassium decreases the difference between potassium levels in the extracellular fluid and the fluid, causing muscle and nerve excitement, even without mild or even irritation. do. The Korean Nutritionist Association recommends 1,500 to 2,500 (mg / day) of potassium intake per day. Potassium intake of healthy people is 3,500 (mg / day) (Korean Nutrition Society, Korean Intake Standard). Because potassium is included in many foods, kidney disease patients need to be careful of their protein and salt intake, especially potassium.

Potassium is the three major elements needed for plant growth, and vegetables must contain potassium. However, chronic renal changers do not consume raw vegetables containing potassium in order to manage potassium levels below a certain level. That is, in order to lower the content of potassium contained in the raw vegetables, there is an inconvenience in that the raw vegetables are immersed in water and simmered (10% reduced) or boiled (30-50% reduced). When the raw vegetables are soaked or boiled in water to lower the potassium content, it is impossible to take vitamins or plant biosynthesis that can be ingested as raw vegetables, and there is a disadvantage in reducing the texture of vegetables.

Until now, as a method of growing vegetables with low potassium content, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-61587, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-36226, and Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0034789 have been grown with potassium-containing hydroponic solution. After that, a method of cultivating vegetables having low potassium content by cultivating with a potassium-free aqueous solution is disclosed.

However, when growing low-potassium vegetables containing the above method, the potassium-free hydroponic solution is suddenly used to cause the growth of vegetables, resulting in a decrease in the yield of vegetables or discoloration of leaves. There was a problem in poor commerciality, there was a difficulty in commercially growing low potassium vegetables.

Thus, the present inventors have made a intensive research effort to overcome the problems of the prior art, seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds, producing seedlings with low potassium hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating the low potassium vegetables by cultivating the vegetables grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a low potassium-containing hydroponic solution; cultivating low potassium vegetables through, the potassium content of the vegetable can be obtained 40% of the level of normal vegetables At the same time, it was confirmed that it was possible to stably supply sufficiently grown low potassium vegetables, and thus, the present invention was completed.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method of cultivating low potassium vegetables having the advantage that the potassium content can be obtained vegetables of about 40% of the general vegetables, and at the same time cultivate a sufficiently grown low potassium vegetables. have.

Another object of the present invention to provide a low potassium vegetable using the method of cultivating the low potassium vegetable.

According to one aspect of the invention, the present invention is a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a low potassium-containing hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with potassium-containing hydroponic solution; It provides a cultivation method of low potassium vegetables comprising; and cultivating the low potassium vegetables by cultivating the vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again to the second potassium-containing hydroponic solution.

The present inventors cultivated under various cultivation conditions, and studied the conditions that can stably provide low potassium vegetables.

As a result, it was found that the composition and the growing period of hydroponic fluid during the seeding step and the pre-harvest growing period are important. During the seeding stage and the pre-harvest cultivation period, the potassium-containing hydroponic solution is cultivated using a hydroponic solution having low weight ratio of potassium by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the hydroponic solution, thereby preventing the discoloration of leaves and the like. Quality low-potassium vegetables can now be grown.

For example, cultivars of Charles and multigreen varieties are seeded in low potassium-containing hydroponic solutions to produce seedlings, which are then grown back to conventional potassium-containing hydroponic solutions, which are then grown in low-potassium-low hydroponic fluids at the pre-harvest stage. By harvesting, vegetables having a potassium concentration of 40% compared to the normal hydroponic lettuce can be obtained.

In the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables of the present invention, by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium in the aqueous solution from conventional potassium-containing aqueous solution during the seeding step and the cultivation period before harvesting, by cultivating using a low-weight potassium aqueous solution It is possible to grow low-potassium vegetables of stable quality without obstacles such as growth inhibition and leaf discoloration.

To this end, the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables of the present invention includes a seedling step of producing seedlings by inoculating the vegetable seeds in a low potassium-containing aqueous solution. Thereafter, after checking the germination and rooting after immersion, after cultivation in a first potassium-containing hydroponic solution for a certain period of time and after a certain level of plant growth, it is cultivated using a hydraulic solution containing potassium.

For example, in the case of lettuce, the inoculation period in the first potassium-low hydroponic solution is 2 to 3 days, the potassium-containing hydroponic cultivation period is about 3-4 weeks, and the second potassium-low hydroponic cultivation period is 1 to 3 days. It can be harvested after two weeks of cultivation.

In the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables of the present invention, the specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low potassium content aqueous solution is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of potassium relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. And a specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the potassium-containing aqueous solution is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium, relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. When the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium of the first and second potassium-containing hydroponic solutions is within the above range, both length and weight may be grown to a sufficient size at harvest to provide vegetables of stable quality.

During the period of cultivation with low potassium-containing hydroponic fluid, the hydroponic fluid contains three elements of the plant, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the above ratio, but other elements such as magnesium, manganese, boron, etc. are required by the plant. It is preferable to further include. The concentration of elements other than nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium may be in the concentration range included in the hydroponic liquid used for normal hydroponic cultivation.

Examples of the potassium-containing aqueous solution composition include the Yamazaki solution culture medium of the following [Table 1], which is most commonly used. Examples of the potassium-containing aqueous solution composition include potassium based on the Yamazaki culture solution composition. The potassium 10% culture medium and potassium 5% culture medium of the following [Table 1] were adjusted.

TABLE 1

Based on the hydraulic fluid composition of Table 1, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium of the first and second potassium-lowering liquid solutions is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and potassium is 0.1 to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. It can be used to adjust to ~ 0.2 parts by weight, it is well known to those skilled in the art to control the hydraulic fluid composition within the above range.

In addition, in the method for growing low potassium vegetables of the present invention, the electrical conductivity (EC) value (dS / m) of the hydraulic solution is 0.2 to 0.6 (dS / m) in the low potassium aqueous solution used in the seedling step. Is preferably 1 to 3 (dS / m) in the potassium-containing aqueous solution, and preferably 0.8 to 1.5 (dS / m) in the low potassium content before harvesting.

In hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, it is common to cultivate at an electric conductivity (EC) value of about 1 to 3 (dS / m), but in the present invention, the electrical conductivity in a low potassium-containing aqueous solution used in the seedling stage is used. By cultivating while keeping the value low and by giving a kind of ionic stress to the young vegetables, this pre-improves resistance to potassium deficiency during the period of growth in low-potassium aqueous solutions before harvesting, and under such EC value conditions When cultivated low potassium vegetables, there is an advantage that the growth disorder or leaf discoloration does not occur.

In addition, in the method of growing low potassium vegetables of the present invention, the pH of the hydroponic solution is preferably maintained at pH 5.0 to 7.0 during the step of culturing with potassium-containing hydroponic solution and the step of cultivating low calorie vegetables. If the pH of the hydroponic acid is weakly acidic, solubility of all fertilizer bases is good, so that the composition of the hydroponic liquid is stable and the quality of the harvested vegetables is also stable.

In addition, the method of growing the low potassium vegetable of the present invention, it is preferable to manage and cultivate fertilizer conditions by continuously monitoring the EC value and pH of the hydroponic solution during the entire growing period. Constant monitoring of hydroponic fluids with constant monitoring of EC values and pH can produce low-potassium vegetables of stable quality.

In hydroponic cultivation, the composition of the hydroponic fluid changes over time because the plants absorb the nutrients in the hydroponic fluid. Therefore, in order to harvest vegetables of stable quality, it is preferable to cultivate hydroponic cultivation while monitoring the hydroponic liquid with a constant monitor and to adjust the composition of the hydroponic liquid to be constant.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the flow path monitor of the circulating hydroponic cultivation apparatus can be installed and cultivated while adjusting the hydroponic solution so that the electrolyte and pH of the hydroponic fluid are always maintained in a constant range. According to such a cultivation method, even when a large hydroponic cultivation system is used, the state of hydroponic fluid is kept constant, so that low potassium vegetables can be stably produced. The hydroponic cultivation of the present invention can use a circulating hydroponic cultivation apparatus, but any hydroponic cultivation apparatus may be used as long as the cultivation conditions can be kept constant.

In the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables of the present invention, the step of cultivating the low potassium vegetables is preferably cultivated with the second low potassium content aqueous solution for a period of 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting. Depending on the type of vegetables grown, it is grown 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting, and the potassium content is 40% or less compared to normal vegetables. It is possible.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a low potassium vegetable grown by the method of cultivating the low potassium vegetable.

Low potassium vegetables grown according to the low potassium vegetable cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce vegetables having a potassium content of 40% or less in contrast to the potassium level of vegetables that are commonly grown at harvest.

Therefore, the low-potassium vegetable with low potassium content can be stably produced by the cultivation method of the present invention, and patients with nephropathy who need to limit the intake of potassium can be safely introduced into the diet.

As described above, according to the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable of the present invention, it is possible to stably produce low potassium vegetables having low potassium content.

In addition, low-potassium vegetables according to the method of the present invention can be introduced into the diet even in patients with kidney disease in need of restriction of potassium intake.

1 is a schematic view showing a cultivation method according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a photograph of vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a graph analyzing the element components contained in the vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a graph showing the weight and leaves of vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. Since these examples are only for illustrating the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by these examples.

Example  One. Low potassium  Cultivation of vegetables

Cultivation was carried out at a plant factory in Andong, Gyeongbuk (36 ° 37 '29.3 "N, 128 ° 38'06.9" E). In the experiment, lettuce varieties 'Charles' and 'Multi green' 2 varieties were used. After all the formal experiment sphere cultivation environment is considered a normal growth conditions of lettuce CO ₂ 600-650ppm, brightness 200mol · m ^-2 · s ^-1, a relative humidity of 65%, LED light source W: R (9: 1) , temperature ( Weekly 21 ° C., night 15 ° C.).

After 3 days, seedlings of lettuce (Multi Green, Charles varieties) seeded with low potassium hydroponic fluid consisting of 3 and 0.15 parts by weight of nitrogen and potassium, respectively, were compared to the EC value of 0.4 (dS / m) and 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. After 21 days of cultivation using a potassium-containing hydroponic solution, the resultant was cultivated for 7 days and 14 days, respectively, using a low potassium aqueous solution.

The composition of the potassium-containing hydroponic solution was used in the cultivation step of low-potassium vegetables, the hydrophobic solution of the weight ratio of nitrogen and potassium 3 and 1.5, respectively, and the EC value of 1.0 (dS / m) compared to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid was used. The composition of the second potassium-low aqueous solution was 3 parts by weight of nitrogen and 0.075 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, respectively, compared to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, and an aqueous solution having an EC value of 1.2 (dS / m) was used.

Example  2. Component Analysis of Cultivated Vegetables

Potassium concentration of the low potassium vegetables grown as described above was analyzed through ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer), and is shown in FIG. 3.

In order to compare the growth of lettuce, the weight of the ground and the ground was measured by electronic balance after each treatment and the number of leaves except the aged leaves was measured. To determine the potassium and mineral content, it was measured by an inductively coupled plasma analyzer (ICP, Elan DRC-e, USA). Lettuce samples nitrate ions for analysis by pre-dried by using a freeze-dryer after removal of the below-ground after the harvest ^{crushing-acid} was digested using the (HNO _3). Since the weight of the dissolved solution was precisely measured, the inorganic component was measured. Inorganic components of lettuce were expressed in mg per unit dry weight (g). Experimental arrangements were performed in three replicates of the ingot method, and lettuce growth and inorganic component analysis were performed in three replicates for each treatment. For statistical analysis, ANOVA was performed using the SPSS program (SPSS 24, IBM company, USA).

As a result, in the case of potassium (K), it was observed that the longer the treatment time of the low potassium-containing aqueous solution and the lower the concentration of potassium in the culture medium, the lower the concentration of potassium remaining in the harvested vegetable leaves. .

In the case of sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe), there was no obvious tendency according to the treatment of low potassium-containing aqueous solution, and in the case of 'Charles' varieties treated with low potassium-containing aqueous solution for two weeks In the group, a tendency to increase some magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) content compared to the treatment for one week was observed. This may be due to the adaptation of plants to the absorption of ions according to the characteristics of the variety, and it is determined that the absorption of other elements increases as the absorption of potassium decreases.

In addition, the change in dry weight and leaves of harvested vegetables is measured and shown in FIG. 4. As a result, there were no significant changes in the leaf and raw vegetable weights in the Multi Green and Charles varieties.

Based on the results as described above, it was confirmed that the low potassium vegetables grown according to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce vegetables having a potassium content of 40% or less of the potassium level of vegetables that are commonly grown at harvest. Therefore, the low-potassium vegetable with low potassium content can be stably produced by the cultivation method of the present invention, and patients with nephropathy who need to limit the intake of potassium can be safely introduced into the diet.

Having described the specific part of the present invention in detail, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific technology is merely a preferred embodiment, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

A seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with the first potassium-low hydroponic solution;
Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And
And cultivating the low potassium vegetable by cultivating the vegetable grown with the potassium-containing aqueous solution again with a second low potassium content containing the aqueous solution. The method of claim 1,
The specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low potassium content aqueous solution is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of potassium, relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid,
Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium specific gravity of the potassium-containing aqueous solution is 1 to 4 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and potassium is 1 to 2 parts by weight of cultivation method of low potassium vegetables. The method of claim 1,
The cultivation of low potassium vegetables is a method of cultivating low potassium vegetables, characterized in that the cultivation in a second low potassium-containing aqueous solution for a period of 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting. The method of claim 1,
The low potassium content aqueous solution of the seedling stage has an electrical conductivity value (dS / m) of 0.2 to 0.6,
The low potassium vegetable-containing aqueous solution of the low potassium vegetable cultivation step has a low potassium vegetable cultivation method characterized in that it has an electrical conductivity value (dS / m) of 0.8 to 1.5. A low potassium vegetable grown by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

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