KR20090005120A - Wind power plant comprising a steerable kite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for converting wind energy to mechanical energy. Said device comprises a wind-impacted element connected to a base station via a traction rope, a traction rope reservoir, arranged on the base station and adapted to receive a section of the traction rope, a control device adapted to cyclically veer the traction rope from the traction rope reservoir and haul it, an energy converter, adapted to convert energy from the wind power transmitted by the wind-impacted element via the traction rope and the movement of the section of the traction rope veered from the traction rope reservoir to an electrical, thermodynamical or mechanical form of energy, a steering device adapted to generate a steering movement by a first axis or in a first direction of the wind-impacted element relative to the air current, a control unit adapted to bring, by means of the steering device, the wind-impacted element into a flying position with low rope traction after veering of the section of the traction rope and for bringing the section of the traction rope into a flying position with high rope traction once the section of the traction rope is hauled. The invention is characterized in that the wind-impacted element has an aerodynamic profile which generates, when wind impacts it in a direction perpendicular to the traction rope, a lift in the direction of the traction rope. The steering device is adapted to generate a steering movement of the wind-impacted element relative to the air current in a second direction or by a second axis that is different from the first direction or axis. The control unit is adapted to displace the wind-impacted element on a predetermined trajectory in a plane of travel perpendicular to the traction rope.

Description

Wind Power Plant with Steerable Kite {WIND POWER PLANT COMPRISING A STEERABLE KITE}

The present invention provides a device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, comprising: a wind-engaging member connected to a base station by a load cable; Load cable storage means disposed in the base station and configured to receive a portion of the load cable; A control unit configured to periodically unwind and wind the load cable section into / out of the load cable storage means; An energy converter configured to convert energy from wind power transmitted through the load cable from the wind-operated member and movement of the load cable section released from the load cable storage means into energy in electrical, thermodynamic or mechanical form; A steering mechanism configured to make a steering movement in a first direction or about a first axis of the wind power operating means with respect to the direction of airflow; A control unit for guiding the wind power member to a flight position associated with a low tensile force after the load cable section has been unwound and using a steering mechanism to guide the wind power member to a high flight position associated with a high tensile force after the load cable section has been wound; It relates to a conversion device.

Such a device is known from WO 00/40860. The basic principle of this known device is that the parachute is positioned from the low position while the parachute is horizontally offset above the anchor point on the ground so that a high tensile force is generated on the parachute's guy cable. To rise. This tension is used to drive the winch, which serves as a point of attachment to the parachute, and the generator is driven by the rotation of the winch. After the length of the guy cable is released, the tension of the guy cable is minimized by manipulating the parachute to an approximately vertical position above the attachment point on the ground and / or winch. After that, the guy cable is rewound by the length of loosening, then the parachute is adjusted to the horizontal offset position above the attachment point on the ground and the cycle starts again. Wind energy is converted into electrical energy at the output of the generator by the difference between the energy generated by the generator when the rope is unwound and the energy to be enlarged to wind the rope.

This principle has a number of drawbacks that make practical implementation difficult and that economic efficiency is difficult to achieve.

The first disadvantage is the periodic switching of the system between the generation and consumption of electrical energy, due to the periodic mode of operation. On the other hand, this may result in a change that makes it impossible to supply any generated electrical energy, for example to the public or private grid. Another disadvantage of such periodic switching is that the system repeatedly moves in sequence from the onset of annealing to a constant annealing operation. Because of the inertia of the entire system, the starting operation can extend over a wide range of rope lengths, resulting in passing through various operating points in each cycle. As the system is in the operating state where the release begins, different cycles will also differ for the release rate. Because of these factors, it is not possible to adjust the generator in an economical way with switchable energy from the wind turbine. As a result, the efficiency of the system is reduced and the manufacturing cost of the system is increased.

Another disadvantage of this system is that it can only be operated economically if the unrolled guy cable is long. However, this means increasing the weight of the rope, thus reducing the efficiency of the system. Long loosening of the load cable also results in severe wear of the guy cable, which results in a reduction in the overall efficiency of the system.

It is an object of the present invention to reduce at least one of the problems of known devices and to provide an improved device in terms of economy and energy efficiency.

This object is, according to the present invention, to generate an uplift force in the direction of the load cable when the air flow direction is orthogonal to the load cable, and the steering mechanism differs from the first direction or axis with respect to the direction of the air flow. The wind-operated member in the second direction or about the second axis, by the wind-operated member comprising an aerodynamic profile, which generates a steering motion of the wind-operated member and at the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a predetermined flight path Is achieved by a control unit configured to move it.

The present invention solves many of the problems in the known apparatus by implementing the wind-operated member as an aerodynamic profile that generates lift in the transverse airflow and travels along a predetermined flight path in a plane perpendicular to the guy cable. It is based on the understanding that it can be avoided. According to the present invention, the steering mechanism, in addition to the existing system for steering the wind power member in a vertical position above the attachment point on the ground at the end of the unwinding motion, has a second different direction in a plane perpendicular to the guy cable. It is also possible to maneuver it, so that when the cable is released with the wind actuating element, the device according to the invention is configured to allow shapes of different shapes and sizes to fly. By this means, the device according to the invention can, for example, be made to fly according to a fixed prescribed program for a given flight path or for a given flight path based on an automatic control loop during the release process. Done. In this way, while the tension of the load cable is increased, the amount of tension of the load cable can be adjusted and / or controlled to a desired value at any time during the unwinding process in order to achieve optimal unwinding and optimum energy converter operation.

The steering mechanism according to the invention may consist of a suitable plurality of control cables extending, for example, between the wind power operating member and the base station, and have a suitable winding and unwinding mechanism for the control cables. In particular, the steering mechanism may also comprise a control platform arranged at regular intervals between the guy cable and the wind power member, which control platform is connected to the wind power member by a plurality of load and control cables and is adapted to the load and control. It is arranged in a corresponding winding and unwinding device for the cable. This development of the present invention has the advantage that the wind power operating member is connected to the base station by a single cable and that the control cable extends only over a short distance between the control platform and the wind power operating member.

Preferably, the control unit according to the invention is programmed for a particular shape and their respective timing to be flown or by an automatic control loop, in order to wind and unwind the control cable and / or the load and control cables to complete the shapes. An electronic data processing device for operating the unwinding and winding device by a data set is provided.

In a first preferred embodiment, the control unit and the steering mechanism are arranged in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable when the load cable is released, the load cable along a circular or elliptical flight path or along a flight path having a horizontal eight-shaped shape. And to move the wind turbine operating member.

It has been recognized that such shapes can be achieved by a reliable control device of simple construction, while optimum tension is obtained by flying in this shape. In particular, it may be advantageous to change the two formations more than once during unwinding in order to take into account prevailing wind at different postures, unwinding speeds and speeds of the wind-operating member. In addition to the above-mentioned amounts of variation, these shapes themselves can be modified quantitatively. That is, the shapes can increase or decrease when the load cable is unwound.

One particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power member within the plane of flight perpendicular to the tow cable along several continuous periodic repeating and closed flight paths when the tow cable is released. It is at that point.

In this advance of the invention, it is desirable for the wind power member to permanently generate large tensile forces that can be used to generate energy by moving during the unwinding of the load cable within such a flight path. In such a case, the wind actuating member does not move when unwinding along the flight path at the lateral and upper edges of the wind window, which can be used to generate a high tensile force on the load cable, but moves in the central region of the windshield. It is desirable to provide as large a horizontal offset as possible between the wind operating member and the base station without reaching too low a flight attitude. In an embodiment of the device, a problem that arises routinely is that the wind power operating member must be accelerated at the beginning of the loosening process, and as a result, the additional inertia of the member is moved and accelerated. Travel at a constant speed and at the end of the loosening process the speed must be braked again. The manipulator and control unit according to the present invention provide an optimal flight path for each of these three flight conditions in order to achieve an operating state throughout the unwinding process, which is optimal for converting energy from tension and load cable movement. Thus moving the wind-operated member. Reduce tension at the end of the unwinding process, for example, to ensure that the tension and unwinding motions can be precisely matched to the design of the energy converter for long periods of time, and also to keep the load acting on the entire device at a low level as a result of the speed braking of the wind-operated member In order to achieve this, a particularly high tensile force can be set during the acceleration process to keep the unfixed phase short and then reduce the tensile force after the acceleration phase is complete.

This is particularly advantageous when the device according to the invention is developed by having a sensor for measuring tensile force, which sensor is connected to the control unit in order to communicate the measured tensile force to the control unit, and the load cable so that the tensile force is kept substantially constant. When released in these at least two continuous flight paths, the control unit and the steering mechanism are further characterized in that they are configured to move the wind power operating member in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable. The tensile force of the load cable is an important variable in the energy conversion process and is involved in ensuring the operational reliability of the entire device during high winds. As mentioned above, it is particularly desirable to move the wind power member along a predetermined flight path in order to systematically change the tensile force of the load cable or to keep the tensile force constant and carefully. In most loosening processes, it is desirable to steer the wind-operated member after the acceleration phase is completed and before the braking phase begins, especially to keep the tension and loosening speed of the load cable nearly constant. To this end, an automatic control loop having a tension force as an input variable and a steering command as an output variable can act directly, or match from a pre-stored table containing different shapes or flight path dimensions depending on, for example, the measured tensile force or the measured change in tensile force. It is possible to select a flight path and / or flight path attitude, and thus to select steering criteria for executing the flight path.

A second particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is the control unit and the steering mechanism which move the wind power member within the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along the closed flight path and associated with high tensile force when the load cable is released. And move the wind power member along the first path section and move the wind power member along the flight path section associated with low tension when the load cable is wound. This advance of the present invention differs from that of the embodiment described above with a plurality of periodic repeating and closed flight paths during the unwinding process, in that the wind-operated member moves along only one part of a single closed flight path during the unwinding process. This part of the loosening process coincides with the flight path section that produces the maximum tensile force on the flight path. After passing through this portion of the load cable, which is related to the maximum tensile force, the wind-operated member is typically located at the side or upper periphery of the available windshield and enters the flight path section associated with the low tensile force. In this flight path section, the load cable is wound up to the length already loosened. Of course, the difference between the winding length and the unwinding length can require, for example, flying the flight path in a high or low position and for this purpose raising or lowering the wind power member. This advance of the present invention is particularly suitable for working with only short winding lengths or unwinding lengths, in which case the repetition frequency between the unwinding step and the winding interval is greater than in the case of the inventive progress which includes a plurality of flight paths in the unwinding process. . This is desirable with regard to the advances described below for converting periodic generated energy into some form of energy. The pulley also reduces the length of the cable section, which simplifies the structure of the overall device and reduces the wear and tear of the load cable. Compared to the above-described embodiment, which includes a plurality of flight paths during the unwinding process, one important difference of the present invention is that during each flight path the wind-operated member is steered at least once into the area associated with the particularly low tension of the load cable. In other words, the load cable can be wound with the tension of the load cable as small as possible. Compared to the embodiments described above, this aims to fly the wind-operated member to have a high tensile force during the particular flight path used when unloading the load cable rather than at the whole point along the flight path, In the subsequent flight path section, the load cable is wound under as little tension as possible.

The control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power member within the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a circle or along a horizontal or vertical ellipse shape, the wind power member being one or both of the horizontal side flight path sections. If the control unit is configured to pull the load cable in this case and to loosen the load cable while located in the flight path section connecting the flight path section, when placed in or on the upper flight path section. Examples may be further improved. For this embodiment, the elliptical or circular flight path provides a particularly desirable relationship between the flight path section where the load cable is released and thus energy is extracted from the force of the wind flow and the flight path section where the load cable is wound. The purpose of the optimal flight path is to pass the flight path section as soon as possible with as little energy consumption as the load cable is wound, thus winding the entire length of the already-loaded load cable, while the flight path section is loaded while the cable is released. The cable is passed as long as possible with the maximum possible tension applied.

As an alternative to the embodiment described above, when the control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power operating member in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a horizontal or vertical eight-character shape, the control unit is a horizontal side surface. The load cable is preferably wound during the flight path section or during the upper flight path section and during the cross flight path section connecting the flight path section. This flight path form has the advantage of being disposed along the long extension of the flight path in the vicinity of this ideal wind position when the crossing point is near the ideal wind position. In addition, if the flight path is in the shape of a horizontal or upright eight, the rod cable is not twisted, so that no rotational separation mechanism is required, for example in the form of a rotating bearing.

It is particularly preferred that the control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power member in the direction of gravity during the horizontal side flight path section. As mentioned above, in order to minimize the tension of the load cable, in this embodiment the wind power operating member is steered in the side and / or upper region at least around the available windshield. The flight attitude of this periphery is generally less stable than at the rest of the windshield, and as a result, the ability to steer wind-operated members may be limited, especially if the wind intensity or wind direction changes. Preferably, this constraint can be canceled by the wind-operated member moving in the direction of gravity in the peripheral region of low stability, in the case of a horizontal eight-way flight path, thereby obtaining inherent stability by gravity. . In this way, it is possible to maintain the flight speed of the airflow engagement member even when steering is temporarily restricted, thus maintaining a sufficient degree of steering control that can be used to return the wind power member towards the center of the available windshield. It is possible to do

The device according to the invention, in particular the two particularly preferred embodiments described above, can be further advanced in the form of a device for converting the periodic energy produced by the energy converter into constant energy, which comprises a flywheel, a pressure vessel, At least one of a hoisting device, at least one capacitor and / or at least one battery for temporarily storing energy in the raised mass. In many applications, it is provided by the device according to the invention, characterized on the one hand by a cyclic change due to a periodic alternation between the unwinding and winding of the load cable, and on the other hand by a change in the tension or unwinding speed of the load cable The energy may not be suitable for supplying directly to the public or private grid or otherwise passed or consumed in these various forms. For this reason, an important advance of the device according to the invention is the conversion of the periodic energy supply into a constant energy supply by various means. Other means of keeping energy constant should be appropriately selected depending on the particular application, the type of energy and the amount of investment.

It is also desirable to develop the device according to the invention in the form of a device for accumulating energy produced by the energy converter. This development allows the device according to the invention to operate even when not connected to an energy network and by moving the whole device of the invention together with its storage to a place where energy is supplied to the public or private energy network. , Or when filled by a transport device, allows the energy to be released from the storage device after the temporary accumulation of energy converted from the wind. Thus, it is possible to carry the accumulated energy by operating the device according to the invention on a floating platform, such as a ship, which will be moored at a place for energizing after a certain period of operation.

The energy converter also includes a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder operated by the tension and movement of the load cable, the cylinder chamber being used to generate fluid pressure and fluid flow. This development allows energy converters to be simple and robust in design. This development allows the wind-operated member to move along a closed flight path in a plane perpendicular to the load cable and alternately unwind and rewind depending on whether the load cable is flying through sections of the flight path associated with high or low tensile forces. Particularly suitable for embodiments of the device of the invention.

It is particularly preferable if the energy converter is a generator whose shaft is driven by a load cable via a pulley. This embodiment is robust on the one hand and on the other hand makes it possible to convert wind energy into a form of electrical energy that can be used for many purposes.

It is a device that converts energy generated by a generator into chemical energy, in particular a device for producing syngas from carbon dioxide in the air, a device for producing distilled water from seawater, or a device for producing synthetic oil from natural gas or biomass. It is preferred that it can be developed in the form of.

These embodiments are particularly suitable for meeting local requirements for certain types of energy or for generating forms of energy which are particularly easy to accumulate from electrical energy.

It is also preferred that the energy converter is configured to produce hydrogen.

This development of the present invention provides a form of energy that can be used and accumulated for many different kinds of purposes.

It is particularly desirable to develop a device according to the invention by providing a compressor connected to the vessel, the compressor being driven by a load cable and connected to the energy converter such that the hydrogen produced by the compressor is compressed and stored in compressed form in the vessel. Do. With this development, the compression needed to accumulate the generated hydrogen gas is provided directly in the form of mechanical energy resulting from the tension and movement of the load cable, thereby avoiding any loss of efficiency, and thus the conversion and accumulation of energy. Consideration can eventually be made to improve the overall efficiency of the new device.

It is also preferred that the load cable storage means have not only a mechanism for winding the load cable, but also a guide pulley fixed to a platform connected to the energy converter and movable relative to the ground in order to transmit the tension and movement of the load cable. In this way, the wind power actuation mechanism can be detached by actuating the mechanism for winding the load cable, and the device according to the invention can be operated continuously with the trimmed wind mechanism, moving the platform and fixed to the platform. By pulling, the force transmission and movement of the load cable required for energy conversion is carried out. The platform can be guided with periodic oscillatory back and forth or can continuously move along a closed path, such as a circular path or an elliptical path or an eight-way path. In particular, the path drawn by moving the platform can be adapted to the motion or tensile force curve of the wind turbine.

In this connection, it is particularly preferred that the platform rolls along rail tracks fixed to the ground, and it is particularly preferred that the platform is curved and closed.

Another particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is, in at least one further second rod cable with a respective second wind power actuating member,

The wind-operated member has an aerodynamic profile that generates lift in the direction of the load cable when the airflow direction is perpendicular to the aerodynamic profile,

To carry out the steering motion of the second wind power operating member in the first direction or about the first axis and in a second different direction or about a second axis different from the first axis in relation to the direction of the airflow. Including a configured steering mechanism,

The control unit is configured to move the second wind power operating member along a predetermined flight path in a plane perpendicular to the load cable such that the second load cable is released and wound by a phase shift with respect to the first load cable. It features.

By using a second wind power member, by unwinding and winding the two wind power members with a phase shift with respect to each other, it is possible to keep the energy output of the new device constant, and thus which of the two wind power members You can always generate energy from one. The two wind power members may move along different flight paths or may move in sequence along the same flight path. It is also possible for a plurality of wind turbines to be phase-shifted relative to one another along a given flight path in such a way as to obtain a substantially constant form of energy by overlapping what is obtained from the tension of the load cable and from the movement of the wind turbine. The member can be developed to be provided.

It is preferred to operate the device according to the invention by applying a method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy. This way,

Periodically unwinding and winding the wind power operating member connected to the heavy cable storage means by a load cable;

Converting the energy from the wind delivered from the wind operating member via the load cable and from the movement of the load cable section released from the load cable storage means into energy in thermodynamic or mechanical form;

Steering the wind-operated member to the flight position associated with low tensile force after loosening the cable section; And

After winding the cable section, steering the wind-operated member to a flight position associated with high tensile force,

The wind power operating member is steered about a second axis or direction different from the first axis or direction,

The wind power actuating member is characterized by moving along a predetermined flight path in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable.

With regard to the details, advantages and examples of separate steps, reference is made to the aspects of each device according to the invention described above suitable for carrying out the method.

In this situation, once the load cable is released, the wind power actuating member is preferably moved in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a circular or elliptical flight path or along a flight path having a horizontal or upright eight-character shape.

In addition, when the load cable is released, it is desirable for the wind power actuating member to move along several successive periodic repeated closed flight paths in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable.

In addition, the tensile force is measured to transmit the measured tensile force to the control unit, and when the load cable is released, the wind power member is moved in a plane perpendicular to the load cable along at least two continuous flight paths so that the tensile force remains nearly constant. It is desirable to steer.

In addition, the wind-operated member moves in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along the closed flight path, steered when the load cable is released along the flight path associated with high tensile force, and the load cable along the flight path associated with low tension force. It is desirable to be steered when winding up.

Also, when manipulating the wind actuating member in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a circle or along a horizontal or vertical ellipse, if the wind actuating member is placed in the horizontal side flight path section or is in the upper flight path section, The load cable is preferably unrolled if the load cable is wound and is in the first flight path section connecting the flight path section.

In addition, the wind power actuating member is preferably steered in the direction of gravity during the lateral flight path section in the horizontal direction.

It is also desirable for the periodic energy produced by the energy converter to be converted to constant energy.

It is also desirable for the energy generated by the energy converters to accumulate.

It is also desirable to generate hydrogen using the energy of the moved wind operating member.

It is also desirable to compress the hydrogen by a compressor driven by a load cable and store it in a compressed form in the container.

The devices and methods according to the invention are particularly suitable for use on ships or on water platforms. The energy required locally on the vessel or platform may be supplied by the device and method, or the vessel or platform may operate in the form of offshore wind power plants, and the converted energy may be continuously supplied to the energy network or such energy network. For subsequent conveyance and supply to the furnace.

The device according to the invention is particularly preferably coupled to a docking station which supplies the generated energy to the stationary energy network during energy generation. This eliminates the need to store and store energy on board the ship, while enabling the device and method to be installed and executed on the ship, making it possible to move the mating docking station to an area with particularly high energy yields available. do.

Some embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view from the side of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention.

2 is a perspective view from the side of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention.

3 is a schematic diagram showing the order of flight positions perpendicular to the wind direction according to the first embodiment of the method according to the invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between energy and time with respect to the flight path sequence as shown in FIG. 3.

5 is a schematic perspective view showing a flight path order almost perpendicular to the wind direction for a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating the same flight path as in FIG. 5 in a wind direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between energy and time for a flight path in FIGS. 5 and 6.

1 shows a steerable kite 10 secured to a steering mechanism 20 by a plurality of control cables 11a-11d. The steering mechanism 20 is connected to a winch 30 fixed to the ground by a load cable 21.

A prime mover 40 capable of toggling the functions of the generator and the motor is connected to the cable winch 30. The generator / motor 40 is connected to a device 50 for smoothing the generated energy and / or for the intermediate storage of the generated energy, which is connected to a public network 60 to obtain Supply one energy.

2 shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention. Here too, the maneuverable kite 10 is coupled to the steering mechanism 20 by the control cables 11a-11d, and the steering mechanism 20 itself is connected to the ground station by the load cable 21. The rod cable 21 extending from the lead 10 is deflected in a horizontal position via the guide pulley 41 to reach the cable winch 30.

The guide pulley 41 is mounted on a horizontal and displaceably mounted bogie capable of oscillating back and forth between two distal positions.

The bogie 42 is coupled to the cylindrical rod of the hydraulic cylinder 43 such that the cylindrical rod of the cylinder 43 moves back and forth as the bogie 42 moves.

The cylindrical chamber itself of the cylinder 43 is connected to the hydraulic motor 44, the hydraulic motor 44 generates a rotary motion from the movement of the pressurized fluid, and the generator 45 generating a current from the rotary motion is a hydraulic motor. Is connected to the flange.

The generator 45 is coupled to a device that flexes the available energy, which is connected to the public network (not shown in FIG. 2).

The generator 45 can be toggled between the electric motor 45 and the hydraulic pump 44 to effect the winding operation on the bogie 42, thereby manipulating the hydraulic cylinder.

Both of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 further include a central control device 70 or 170 that sends control commands to the steering mechanism 20 by wireless communication. The control unit 70 is connected to the smoothing device 50 and receives information from the smoothing device about the current energy generation and energy consumption status of the generator / motor 40 or 44 and 45. Depending on this information and additional information such as wind direction, wind power, position and attitude of the kite, the control unit 70 allows the steering mechanism 70 to steer the flight direction of the kite 10 as described in more detail below. To allow the steerable kite 10 to fly along a particular flight path.

3 to 5 show a first sequence of the energy generation method according to the invention. After general initiation, the cycle starts at position 1 of the flight path. Proceeding from this position (1), the rod cable 21 is released and the steerable lead 10 is moved by the steering mechanism 20 and is perpendicular to the plane of the tension cable, which may be arched or eight-shaped in shape. Superimposed on the release movement along the flight path. The widths of the arcs and their horizontal and vertical alignment are selected according to the wind direction so that a certain amount of energy can be generated with the aid of the generator from the tensile force and tension cable movement generated by the kite 10.

In position 2, the unwinding speed of the load cable is reduced and the load cable is basically diverted by the steering mechanism in a direction up to the vertical position above the ground attachment point of the load cable. During this movement, the steerable kite 10 is steered along a serpentine path or an eight-character shape or the like, so that further generation of constant energy is achieved. At a particular position 3 where the tension of the load cable is no longer sufficient to generate energy, the unwinding of the load cable is completely stopped and the steerable kite is steered to a nearly vertical peak above the ground attachment point.

When the peak is reached in position 4, the generator 40 switches its motor function and the load cable is wound up to position 5, in which energy is consumed. Since the tension in this flight attitude of the steerable kite 10 is less than the flight attitude offset horizontally from the ground attachment point, the energy required to wind the previous loosened length of the load cable is extracted when the load cable is released. Less than energy The net weight of energy generated in each cycle of the method according to the invention is the difference between the hatching area 100 and the hatching area 101 of FIG. 4.

From position 5, steerable kite 10 is again guided horizontally to position 1 and the cycle starts anew.

5 to 7 show a second embodiment of the energy extraction method according to the invention. After the cable is released in the initiation process, the cycle begins at position 201 on the flight path taking the form of an eight-character shape in the example shown. The eight-shaped flight path lies in a plane perpendicular to the load cable and at the same time substantially perpendicular to the wind direction, or on a nearly spherical surface defined as a radius by the load cable.

Proceeding from position 201, steerable lead 10 is guided to position 202 through a window of maximum tensile force, and the load cable continues to be released during that time. Thus, the flight path section between locations 201 and 202 is used to generate the amount of energy 300 in FIG.

At position 202, the steerable kite reaches the outermost periphery 80 of the available windshield and the tension of the load cable is at its maximum. The steerable kite is now guided to position 203 in the vertical down loop, and as the generator switches to motor function, the length of the load cable equal to the length that was unrolled between positions 201 and 202 is rewound. Since the tension of the load cable is smaller than between the positions 201 and 202, less energy 301 is consumed when winding the cable than was previously generated.

Proceeding from position 203, the rod cable continues to loosen, once again leading to position 204 through the portion associated with the steerable high tension force. The steerable kite intersects its entire flight path between positions 201 and 202. Typically an amount of energy 302 is obtained that is equal to the amount of energy 302.

At position 204, the steerable kite reaches the peripheral periphery 81 of the available windshield and the tension of the load cable is again minimized. The steerable kite is guided once more in the down loop to reach initial position 201. Between positions 204 and 201, the load cable is wound by the amount that was unrolled between positions 203 and 204. In order to wind the load cable, an amount of energy 303 which is almost equal to the amount of energy 301 is required. The cycle now starts anew.

The net amount of energy generated in each cycle is calculated by adding the energy amounts 300 and 302 and subtracting the energy amounts 301 and 303.

Claims (33)

A wind-engaging member 10 connected to the base station by a load cable 21, Load cable storage means (30; 41, 42) disposed in the base station and configured to receive a section of the load cable, A control device 70 configured to periodically unload the load cable section from the load cable storage means and wind it into the load cable storage means, An energy converter 40 configured to convert energy from wind power transmitted through the load cable from the wind-operated member and energy from the movement of the load cable section released from the load cable storage means into energy in electrical, thermodynamic or mechanical form. ), A steering mechanism 20 configured to generate a steering movement about the first axis of the wind power operating member with respect to the airflow direction or in the first direction, Using the maneuvering mechanism, (i) after the rod cable section has been loosened, the wind power member is led to a flight position associated with low tensile force, and (ii) after the section of the load cable is wound, the wind operation member is associated with a high tension force flight position. An apparatus for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, comprising a control unit 70 configured to lead to When the air flow direction is perpendicular to the load cable, the wind power operating member 10 has an aerodynamic profile that generates lift in the direction of the load cable, The steering mechanism 20 is configured to generate a steering motion of the wind power operating member in a second direction different from the first direction or axis or about the direction of the airflow about the second axis, The control unit (70, 170) is configured to move the wind energy operating member along a predetermined flight path in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable. The method according to claim 1, When the load cable is released in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a circular or elliptical flight path (1-2) or on a flight path having a horizontal or upright eight-character shape, the control unit 70 and the steering mechanism 20 Is configured to move the wind power operating member. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When the load cable is released, the control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power member within the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along several successive periodic repeating and closed flight paths 1-2. A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 3, And a sensor for measuring the tensile force, said sensor being connected to the control unit for transmitting the measured tensile force to the control unit, wherein the control unit and the steering mechanism are at least so that the tension force remains almost constant when the load cable is released. A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that it is configured to move the wind operating member in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along two consecutive flight paths. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The control unit 170 and the steering mechanism move the wind power member along a closed flight path in the flight plane perpendicular to the load cable, and when the load cable is released, flight path sections 201-202, 203 associated with high tensile force. Wind turbine, characterized in that it is configured to move the wind turbine member along 204 and, when the load cable is wound, to move the wind turbine member along flight path sections 202-203 and 204-201 associated with low tension. A device that converts energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 5, The control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power operating member in a plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a circle or along a horizontal or vertical ellipse shape, the control unit wherein the wind power member is horizontally lateral flighted. When located on one or both of the route sections or while in the upper flight route section, being configured to wind the load cable and loosen the load cable while in the flight route section connecting the flight route sections. A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 5, The control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power operating member in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a horizontal or upright eight figure, while the control unit is located in the horizontal side flight path sections. Or wind the load cable while located in the upper flight path section, and loosen the load cable while located in the cross flight path section connecting the flight path sections. . The method according to claim 7, The control unit and the steering mechanism are configured to move the wind power operating member in the direction of gravity while positioned in the horizontal lateral flight path section. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, At least one of a device for converting periodic energy generated by the energy converter into a constant energy, in particular a flywheel, a pressure reservoir, a hoisting device for temporarily storing energy in an elevated mass, at least one capacitor and / or at least one battery A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized by a device for storing energy generated by an energy converter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, Wherein the energy converter comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder operated by the tension and movement of the load cable, the chamber of the cylinder being used to generate fluid pressure and fluid flow. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, The energy converter is a generator, wherein the shaft of the generator is driven by a load cable through a pulley device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 12, A device for converting electrical energy generated by a generator into chemical energy, in particular a device for producing syngas from carbon dioxide in air, a device for producing distilled water from seawater, and a device for producing synthetic oil from natural gas or biomass. A device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, An apparatus for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that the energy converter is configured to produce hydrogen. The method according to claim 14, A compressor connected to the reservoir, wherein the compressor is driven by a load cable and connected to an energy converter such that the hydrogen produced is compressed by the compressor and stored in this form of compression in the reservoir. Device that converts into mechanical energy. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, The load cable storage means has a guide pulley fixed to the platform as well as a mechanism for winding the load cable, the platform being movable relative to the ground, and the energy converter being connected to the platform to transmit the tension and movement of the load cable. A device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 16, The platform rolls along rail tracks fixed to the ground, the platform being preferably curved, in particular closed, the device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The method according to claim 17, At least one additional second rod cable with each second wind power operating member, The second wind power operating member has an aerodynamic profile, which generates lift in the direction of the load cable when the airflow direction is perpendicular to the profile, A steering mechanism configured to generate a steering motion of the second wind power operating member in a first direction or about a first axis and in a second different direction or about a direction of airflow about a second axis different from the first axis Including, The control unit is configured to move the second wind power operating member along a predetermined flight path in a plane perpendicular to the load cable such that the second load cable is unwound and wound in accordance with the phase change with respect to the first load cable. A device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy. Periodically unwinding and winding the wind power member connected to the load cable storage means by the load cable, Converting the energy transmitted from the wind-operated member through the load cable and the energy from the movement of the load cable section released from the load cable storage means into energy in electrical, thermodynamic or mechanical form, After unwinding the cable section, steering the wind-operated member to a flight position associated with low tensile force, and A method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, comprising: after winding a cable section, steering the wind power member to a flight position associated with a high tensile force, the method comprising: The wind power operating member is steered about a second axis or direction different from the first axis or direction, And the wind operating member moves along a predetermined flight path in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable. The method according to claim 19, When the load cable is loosened, the wind energy actuated member moves in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a circular or elliptical flight path or along a flight path having a horizontal or upright eight-character shape. How to convert to energy. The method of claim 20, A method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, when the load cable is released, the wind operating member moves in several successive periodic repeating and closed flight paths in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable. The method according to claim 20 or 21, The tensile force is measured, the measured tensile force is transmitted to the control unit, and when the load cable is unwound, the wind-operated member is in the plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along at least two consecutive flight paths, so that the tensile force remains nearly constant. A method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that controlled at. The method according to claim 19, The wind-operated member moves in a plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a closed flight path, When the load cable is released, the wind power member is steered along the flight path associated with high tensile force, and A method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that when the load cable is wound, the wind actuating member is steered along a flight path associated with low tensile forces. The method according to claim 23, While the wind actuated member is steered in a plane of flight perpendicular to the load cable along a circle or along a horizontal or vertical ellipse, while the wind actuated member is located in the horizontal side flight path section, or while in the upper flight path section. And while the load cable is wound and located in a flight path section connecting the flight path sections, the load cable is loosened. The method according to claim 23, The load cable is steered in a flight plane perpendicular to the load cable along a horizontal or vertical octagonal shape, the load cable when the wind actuated member is located in the horizontal lateral flight path section, or while in the upper flight path section. Wherein the load cable is loosened while located in the winding and cross-flight path section connecting the flight path sections. The method according to claim 25, A method for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that when the wind operating member is located in the horizontal lateral path section, the wind operating member is steered in the direction of gravity. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 26, A method of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that the periodic energy produced by the energy converter is converted into constant energy. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 27, A method for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that energy generated by the energy converter is stored. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 28, A method for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that hydrogen is produced using the energy of the moved wind operating member. The method of claim 29, A method for converting wind energy into mechanical energy, characterized in that hydrogen is compressed by a compressor driven by a load cable and stored in a compressed form in the reservoir. Use of an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18 or a method according to any of claims 19 to 30 on a ship or an underwater platform, in particular for generating energy required locally on a ship or platform. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18 on a ship or aquatic platform, wherein a vessel or aquatic platform is connected to a stationary docking station during energy generation, and the generated energy is supplied to a stationary energy network through a stationary docking station, or Use of a method according to any of claims 19 to 30. A docking station for using an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18 or a method according to any one of claims 19 to 30 on a ship or aquatic platform, Means for maintaining a fixed position relative to the seabed, in particular means for anchoring to the seabed, further comprising an energy transfer connection for receiving the energy obtained by the device and the method.

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