KR102220382B1 - 면역요법을 위한 매우 활성인 t 세포를 조작하는 방법 - Google Patents
면역요법을 위한 매우 활성인 t 세포를 조작하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
이전의 특징들에 추가하여, 본 발명은 첨부되는 도면과, 하기 설명으로부터 나올 다른 특징들을 더 포함한다. 본 발명의 더 완전한 평가 및 그것의 수반되는 많은 이익들은 동일한 것이 하기의 자세한 설명과 연결된 하기 도면들을 참고로 하여 더 잘 이해될 수 있기 때문에 쉽게 수득될 것이다.
도 1: T-세포들 및 항원 제시 세포 사이의 정상적인 관계의 도식 표시.
도 2: 환자의 종양 세포들 및 본 발명에 따른 유전적으로 변형된 치료적 T-세포들의 도식 표시.
도 3: 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR의 도식 표시.
도 4: 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR들의 다른 버젼들의 도식. A. FcεRI 수용체의 도식. B-C FcεRI 알파 사슬의 막관통 도메인에 융합된 CD8 스토크 영역 및 scFv 을 포함하는, 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR들 (csm1 내지 csm10) 의 다른 버젼들. 적어도 하나의 41BB, CD28 및/또는 CD3 제타 도메인들이 FcεRI 알파, 베타 및/또는 감마 사슬에 융합될 수 있다.
도 5: 면역요법을 위하여 인간 동종이형(allogenic) 세포들을 조작하는 방법의 한 예의 도식 표시.
도 6: 대조군들 또는 보체(complement)로 항-CD52 항체 (CAMPATH1-H)로 처리된 후 살아있는 CD52-양성 또는 CD52-음성 세포들의 밀리리터(milliliter) 당 세포들 내 농도.
도 7: 및 대조군으로서 비활성화된 세포들 및, TCR-양성 및 TCR-음성 세포들 사이, 또는 CD52-양성 및 CD52-음성 세포들 사이의, 세포 크기의 표시,포워드( forward) 사이드(side) 스캐터(scatter) (FSC) 분포(distribution)의 비교
도 8: 타겟된 CD52 및 TCR알파 불활성화된 T 세포들 상 CD107a 발현 (탈과립화의 마커)의 유동세포분석법 분석. CD107 발현은 Daudi 세포들로 배양 전 (A) 및 후 (B)에 CD52+TCRαβ+ 세포들 (첫 번째 칼럼), CD52-TCRαβ- 세포들 (두 번째 칼럼), CD52-TCRαβ+ 세포들 (세 번째 칼럼) 및 CD52+TCRαβ- 세포들 (네 번째 칼럼) 상에서 분석되었다. C)는 CAR로 더 형질감염(transfect)되고 Daudi 세포들로 불활성화된 T 세포들의 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석을 나타낸다; D)는 CAR 로 형질감염(transfect)되었으나, Daudi 세포들로 배양되지 않은 T 세포들의 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석을 나타내고 그리고, E)는 CAR 로 형질감염(transfect)되고 PMA/이오노마이신(ionomycin)으로 처리된 T 세포들의 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석을 나타낸다(양성 대조군).
도 9: CD52 및 TRAC TALE-뉴클레아제들 잠재적 오프(off)-위치(site) 타겟들의 딥 시퀀싱 분석.
도 10: T7-엔도뉴클레아제 분석에 위한 PDCD1 및 CTLA-4 게놈 위치(locus) 의 분석. 화살표는 소화된 PCR 산물을 가리킨다.
도 11: 프리T알파(preTalpha) 구조체들의 몇몇 예들의 도식 표시.
도 12: TCR 알파 불활성화된 주르카트(Jurkat) 세포들에서 FL, △18, △48 pT알파(pTalpha) 구조체들의 활성(% CD3 표면 발현) 및 형질도입(transduction) 효율 (% BFP+ 세포들)의 유동세포분석 분석법
도 13: pT알파(pTalpha) 단백질 (preTCRα)을 코드하는 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 구조체(construct)의 도식 표시.
도 14: A: 실험 프로토콜의 표시. B: 정제 전 및 후 대조군 BFP 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터 (KO/BFP) 또는 BFP-2A-pTalpha△48 (KO/△48)로 형질도입된(transduced) TCR알파 불활성화된 T 세포들 (KO) 상 TCR 알파/베타, CD3 발현 및 BFP 발현의 유동세포분석법 분석. C. BFP-2A-pTalpha△48 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터로 형질도입되거나((BFPpos) 또는 되지 않은(BFPneg), 정제된 TCR 알파 불활성화된 세포들 상 TCR 알파/베타 및 CD3 발현의 유동세포 분석. NEP는 TRAC TALE-뉴클레아제들로 전기천공되지 않은 세포들을 나타낸다.
도 15: A-B. 대조군 BFP 벡터 (BFP) 또는 BFP-2A-pTα-△48 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터 (pTα-△48), BFP-2A-pTα-△48.41BB 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터 (pTα-△48.BB)로 형질도입된, 전기천공되지 않은 세포들 (NEP) 및 TCR알파 불활성화된 세포들 (KO) 상에 각각 항-CD3/CD28 비드들로 재활성화 24 및 48 시간 후 초기(early) 활성화(activation) 마커(marker) CD69 (A), 늦은(late) 활성화(activation) 마커(marker) CD25 (B) 발현의 유동세포분석법 분석. pTα-△48 막대그래프들은 pTα-△48 (BFP+ 세포들)를 발현시키는 TCR 불활성화된 세포들에서 검출되는 신호에 대응하는 반면, KO 막대그래프들은 pTα-△48 (BFP- 세포들) 를 발현하지 않는 TCR알파 불활성화된 세포들에 대응되고 pTα-△48.BB 막대그래프들은 pTα-△48.41BB (BFP+ 세포들)를 발현시키는 TCR 불활성화된 세포들에서 검출되는 신호에 대응되고 반면 KO 막대그래프들은 pTα-△48.41BB (BFP- 세포들)을 발현시키지 않는 TCR알파 불활성화된 세포들에 대응된다. NEP (비(non) 전기천공된(electroporated)) 막대그래프들은 조작되지 않은 세포들에서 검출되는 신호에 대응한다. C. 대조군 BFP 벡터 (BFP) 또는 BFP-2A-pTα-△48 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터 (pTα-△48), BFP-2A-pTα-△48.41BB 렌티바이러스(lentiviral) 벡터 (pTα-△48.BB)로 형질도입(transduced)된 TCR알파 불활성화된 세포들 (KO) 및 전기천공되지 않은(non electroporated) 세포들 (NEP) 상 항-CD3/CD28 비드들로 재활성화 72 시간 후 세포들의 크기의 유동세포분석법 분석. 각각의 그래프의 윗 부분에 표시된 값들은 각각의 개체군(population)의 형광의 기하평균에 대응된다.
도 16: 다른 시점(time point)들에서 (x-축) 항- CD3/CD28 비드들로 IL2에서 또는 IL2에서 유지되는 대조군 BFP 벡터 (BFP) 또는 pTalpha-△48 (pTa△48)로 형질도입된(transduced) TCR 알파 불활성화된 세포들 (KO)의 세포 성장 분석. BFP+ 세포들 수는 각 조건들에 대하여 다른 시점(time point)들에서 추정되었고 이들 세포들의 배수(fold) 유도(induction)(y-축)는 재활성화 2일 후에 수득된 값에 대하여 추정되었다. 결과들은 두 개의 독립적인 도너들로부터 수득되었다. 두 번째 도너를 위하여, 세포 성장이 또한 전장 pTalpha- (pTa-FL) 및 pTalpha-△48.41BB (pTa-△48.BB) 로 형질도입된 세포들에 대하여 결정되었다.
도 17: 다섯 개의 다른 사이토펄스(Cytopulse) 프로그램들로 전기천공된 PBMC들 상 GFP 양성 세포들의 유동세포분석법 분석. 윗선은 큐벳 당 6x106 세포들의 형질감염(transfection)에 대응되고, 반면 아래쪽 선은 큐벳 당 3x106 세포들의 형질감염(transfection)에 대응된다.
도 18: 대조군 pUC DNA 및 GFP mRNA, GFP DNA 으로 전기천공 후 살아있는 개체군 중 GFP 양성 세포들 및 생존능력(viability) 염료 (eFluor-450)를 이용하여 정제된 T 세포 사망(mortality)의 유동세포분석법 분석이다. NEP은 전기천공 버퍼 내 유지되나, 전기천공되지 않은 세포들에 대응되고, NT는 배양 배지 내 유지되는 전기천공되지 않은 세포들에 대응된다.
도 19: TRAC TALE-뉴클레아제 mRNA 전기천공법(electroporation) 후 인간 일차(primary) T 세포들 상 TCR 알파/베타 및 CD3 발현의 유동세포분석법 분석.(위) TRAC TALE-뉴클레아제 mRNA 전기천공법 후 인간 일차(primary) T 세포들로부터 추출된 게놈 DNA의 딥 시퀀싱 분석(아래).
도 20: A. 단일 사슬 CAR를 코드하는 mRNA로 또는 없이, T 세포들의 전기천공 후 CAR 발현 (항F(ab')2) 의 유동세포분석법 분석. B. daudi 세포들과 공배양된 전기천공된 T 세포들 상 CD107a 발현(탈과립화의 마커)의 유동세포분석법 분석.
도 21: A. 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR를 코드하는 mRNA 의 표시. B. 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR를 코드하는 포리시스트론 mRNA로, 또는 없이, 전기천공된 살아있는(viable) T 세포들 상 CAR 발현 (항 F(ab')2 )의 유동세포분석법 분석. C. daudi 세포들과 공배양된 전기천공된 T 세포들 상 CD107a 발현(탈과립화의 마커)의 유동세포분석법 분석.
도 22: 폴리시스트론 mRNA들의 전기천공법 후 인간 T 세포들 내 다(multi)-사슬 CAR들 발현.
도 23: 멀티서브유닛(multi-subunit) CAR들의 발현은 세 개 사슬들: α, β 및 γ의 발현에 의하여 컨디셔닝(condition)된다.
도 24 : 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR들을 일시적으로 발현시키는 인간 T 세포들은 타겟 세포들과의 공배양 후 탈과립된다(degranulate). A: csm1 내지 csm5 CAR 구조체들. B: csm6 내지 csm10 CAR 구조체들.
도 25: 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR들을 일시적으로 발현시키는 인간 T 세포들은 타겟 세포들과의 공배양 후 사이토카인들을 분비한다(T세포들 vs. Daudi 세포들 또는 K562). A:IL8 방출. B:IFNγ 방출. C:IL5 방출.
도 26: 다사슬(multi-chain) CAR들 (scm1 내지 csm10 구조체들) 를 일시적으로 발현시키는 인간 T 세포들은 타겟 세포들을 용해(lyse)한다.
도 27: 형광 항체 및 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석을 이용한 세포내 염색에 의하여 측정된 일차(primary) T 세포들 내 CTLA4 불활성화.
도 28: TALENs T1, T2 및 T3로 형질감염(transfection)된 CTLA4을 발현시키는 형광 T-세포들의 분포. CTLA4를 발현시키는 세포들의 비율은 대조군 세포들에 대하여 극적으로 감소된다.
도 29: 형광 항체 및 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석을 이용한 세포내 염색에 의하여 측정된 일차(primary) T 세포들 내 PD1 불활성화. PD1을 발현시키는 세포들의 비율은 대조군 세포들에 대하여 극적으로 감소된다.
도 30: PD1 유전자를 타겟팅하는 TALEN T01 및 T03 로 형질감염(transfection)된, T-세포들에서 관찰되는 결실들 빈도들을 보이는 도해.
도 31: 세포독성(cytotoxic) 활성이 실시예 3에 기재된 실험에 따라 PD1을 위하여 붕괴된 T-세포들에서 증강된다는 것을 보여주는 도해.
표 1: 면역요법에 더 활성인 동종이형(allogeneic) T-세포들을 만들기에 적합한 것으로 본 발명자들에 의하여 확인된 면역 체크포인트 유전자들의 리스트.
표 2: 인간 GR 유전자 내 TALE-뉴클레아제들 타겟 위치(sites)들의 서열들 및 GR TALE-뉴클레아제의 기재.
표 3: 효모에서 GR TALE-뉴클레아제들의 절단 활성. 값들은 0 및 1 사이에 포함된다. 최대값은 1이다.
표 4: 293 세포들에서 내생(endogenous) TALE-뉴클레아제 타겟 위치(sites)들에서 타겟된 돌연변이생성(mutagenesis)의 퍼센트.
표 5: 일차(primary) T 림프구들 내 내생(endogenous) TALE-뉴클레아제 타겟 위치(sites)들에서 타겟된 돌연변이생성(mutagenesis)의 퍼센트.
표 6: 인간 대응하는 유전자들에서 TALE-뉴클레아제들 타겟 위치(sites)들의 CD52, TRAC 및 TRBC TALE-뉴클레아제들 및 서열들의 기재.
표 7: TRAC 및 CD52 TALE-뉴클레아제들을 위한 추가의 타겟 서열들.
표 8: CD52_T02, TRAC_T01, TRBC_T01 및 TRBC_T02 타겟들을 타겟팅하는 TALE-뉴클레아제를 위한 삽입-결실들(indels)의 퍼센트.
표 9: 대응하는 TALE-뉴클레아제-발현 폴리뉴클레오타이드들의 형질감염(transfection) 후 CD52- 음성, TCR-음성 및 CD52/TCR-이중 음성 T 림프구들의 퍼센트.
표 10: TRBC TALE-뉴클레아제-발현 폴리뉴클레오타이드들의 형질감염(transfection) 후 TCR-음성 T 림프구들의 퍼센트.
표 11: 인간 대응하는 유전자들 내 TALE-뉴클레아제들 타겟 위치(sites)들의 CTLA4 및 PDCD1 TALE-뉴클레아제들 및 서열들의 기재.
표 12: pT알파(pTalpha) 구조체들의 서브셋(subset)의 기재.
표 13: 주르카트(Jurkat) TCR 알파 불활성화된 세포 내 다른 pT알파(pTalpha) 구조체들의 활성. 활성은 다른 프리T알파(preTalpha) 구조체들로 형질감염된 주르카트(jurkat_ TCR 알파 불활성화된 세포 상 CD3 발현의 유동세포분석법(flow cytometry) 분석에 의하여 측정되었다.
표 14: PBMC 유래된 T-세포들에서 전기천공에 요구되는 최소 전압을 결정하는데 사용되는 다른 사이토펄스(cytopulse) 프로그램들.
표 15: 정제된 T-세포들을 전기천공하기 위하여 사용되는 사이토펄스(Cytopulse) 프로그램.
표 16: 면역 체크포인트 단백질들을 코드하는 유전자들의 리스트.
Claims (27)
- 하기를 포함하는 면역요법을 위한 T-세포(들)을 엑스 비보(ex vivo)에서 제조하는 방법:
(a) - 면역 체크포인트 단백질을 코드하는 하나의 유전자, 및
- T-세포 수용체 (TCR)의 요소(component)를 코드하는 하나의 유전자
를 포함하는 적어도 두 개 유전자들을 DNA 절단(cleavage)에 의하여 선택적으로 불활성화시킬 수 있는 희귀(rare)-절단(cutting) 엔도뉴클레아제들을 상기 T-세포(들) 내로 도입함으로써 T-세포(들)을 변형시키는 단계,
및
(b) 상기 T-세포들 내로 CD19 항원에 대하여 향해지는 키메라 항원 수용체 (CAR)를 도입하는 단계.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
T-세포들을 엑스 비보(ex vivo)에서 확장(expanding)시키는 단계 (c)를 더 포함하는, 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
면역 체크포인트 단백질을 코드하는 상기 유전자는: CTLA4, PPP2CA, PPP2CB, PTPN6, PTPN22, PDCD1, CD223, HAVCR2, BTLA, CD160, TIGIT, CD96, CRTAM, LAIR1, SIGLEC7, SIGLEC9, CD244, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF10A, CASP8, CASP10, CASP3, CASP6, CASP7, FADD, FAS, TGFBRII, TGFRBRI, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD10, SKI, SKIL, TGIF1, IL10RA, IL10RB, HMOX2, IL6R, IL6ST, EIF2AK4, CSK, PAG1, SIT, FOXP3, PRDM1, BATF, GUCY1A2, GUCY1A3, GUCY1B2, 및 GUCY1B3 로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는, 방법.
- 제 3항에 있어서,
면역 체크포인트 단백질을 코드하는 상기 유전자는 하기 유전자들로부터 선택되는 방법: PDCD1 및 CTLA-4.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
적어도 하나의 희귀-절단 엔도뉴클레아제가 mRNA에 의하여 코드되는 방법.
- RNA 전기천공법의 방법에 의하여 단계 (a)에서 상기 세포 내로 상기 적어도 하나의 희귀-절단 엔도뉴클레아제를 도입하는 것을 포함하는 제 5항의 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
적어도 하나의 희귀-절단 엔도뉴클레아제는 TALE-뉴클레아제인 방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,
상기 적어도 하나의 TALE-뉴클레아제는 서열번호: 77 및 서열번호: 78로부터 선택되는 PD1의 유전자 타겟 서열들 중 하나에 대하여 향해지는 방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,
상기 적어도 하나의 TALE-뉴클레아제들은 서열번호: 74 및 서열번호: 76로부터 선택되는 CTLA-4의 유전자 타겟 서열들 중 하나에 대하여 향해지는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 키메라 항원 수용체는 다사슬(multi-chain) 키메라 항원 수용체인 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
단계 a)에서 상기 T-세포(들)은 염증성 T-림프구들, 세포독성 T-림프구들, 조절(regulatory) T-림프구들 또는 헬퍼(helper) T-림프구들로부터 유래되는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
단계 a)에서 상기 T-세포(들)은 CD8+ T-림프구들 및/또는 CD4+ T-림프구들로부터 유래되는 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의하여 수득가능한 분리된 T-세포 또는 세포주 또는 그것의 서브컬쳐(subculture).
- 제 13항에 있어서,
상기 키메라 항원 수용체는 다사슬 키메라 항원 수용체인 분리된 T-세포.
- 의약으로서 사용을 위한 제 13항의 분리된 T-세포.
- 암, 바이러스 감염 또는 자가-면역(auto-immune) 장애를 치료하기 위한 제 13항의 분리된 T-세포.
- 림프종 또는 백혈병을 치료하기 위한 제 13항의 분리된 T-세포.
- 제 13항에 따른 적어도 하나의 분리된 T-세포를 포함하는 항-암 약학적 조성물.
- 제 13항에 따른 적어도 하나의 분리된 T-세포를 포함하는 항바이러스성 약학적 조성물.
- 서열번호 79 내지 서열번호: 88 로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 아미노산 서열을 포함하는 TALE-뉴클레아제.
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