KR101975071B1 - 플라즈마 활성화된 컨포멀 유전체 막 증착 - Google Patents
플라즈마 활성화된 컨포멀 유전체 막 증착 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101975071B1 KR101975071B1 KR1020147010949A KR20147010949A KR101975071B1 KR 101975071 B1 KR101975071 B1 KR 101975071B1 KR 1020147010949 A KR1020147010949 A KR 1020147010949A KR 20147010949 A KR20147010949 A KR 20147010949A KR 101975071 B1 KR101975071 B1 KR 101975071B1
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- NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexafluoride Chemical compound F[W](F)(F)(F)(F)F NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 다른 예시적인 CFD 공정의 타이밍 도면을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 3은 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 다른 예시적인 CFD 공정의 타이밍 도면을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 4는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 플라즈마 처리 사이클을 포함하는 예시적인 CFD 공정의 타이밍 도면을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 5는 본 개시의 실시예에 따라 증착된 막들에 대한 습식 에칭 레이트 비와 증착 온도 간의 예시적인 상관 관계를 도시한다.
도 6은 본 개시의 실시예에 따라 증착된 막들에 대한 습식 에칭 레이트 비와 막 응력 간의 예시적인 상관 관계를 도시한다.
도 7은 본 개시의 실시예에 따라 증착된 막들에 대한 막 오염 농도와 증착 온도 간의 예시적인 상관 관계를 도시한다.
도 8은 복수의 갭들을 포함하는 비평면형 기판의 예시적인 단면의 개략도이다.
도 9는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 PECVD로의 천이를 포함하는 예시적인 CFD 공정의 타이밍 도면을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 10은 열쇠 구멍 형상 보이드 (keyhole void) 를 포함하는 갭 충진물의 예시적인 단면의 개략도이다.
도 11은 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 인-시츄 에칭을 포함하는 예시적인 CFD 공정의 타이밍 도면을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 12a는 재차 들어간 갭 충진 프로파일의 예시적인 단면의 개략도이다.
도 12b는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 인-시츄 에칭 공정 동안의 도 12a의 재차 들어간 갭 충진 프로파일의 예시적인 단면의 개략도이다.
도 12c는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 인-시츄 에칭 후의 증착 공정 동안의 도 12b의 재차 들어간 갭 충진 프로파일의 예시적인 단면의 개략도이다.
도 13은 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 예시적인 공정 스테이션의 개략도이다.
도 14는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 복수의 공정 스테이션 및 제어기를 포함하는 예시적인 공정 툴의 개략도이다.
도 15는 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 인-시츄 에칭을 포함하는 CFD 공정 동안의 관통 실리콘 비아의 예시적인 개략적 단면도이다.
도 16은 통상적인 이온 주입 기술들에 의해서 도핑하기 어려운 얇은 종형 구조물들 내에 소스 및 드레인이 형성된, 3 차원 게이트 구조물을 갖는 트랜지스터를 예시한다.
도 17은 x 축을 따라서 시간이 지남에 따라서 좌측에서 우측으로의 동작들의 기본적인 CFD 시퀀스를 제공한다.
도 18 및 도 19는 도펀트가 그 아래에 놓인 기판과의 계면에서 증착되고 이후에 도펀트 전달이 중간에 개재된 CFD 사이클들이 따르고 옵션적으로 CFD 산화물 막일수 있는 도핑되지 않는 보호성 "캡핑 (capping)" 층으로 상단이 처리되는 (topped off) 실시예들을 도시한다.
도 20은 CFD BSG/PSG 막을 합성하는데 사용되는 통상적인 증착 블록을 도시한다.
도 21은 밀한 (dense) 구조물 및 소한 (isolated) 구조물 상에서의 ~ 100 %인 것으로 계산된 CFD 막들에 대한 스텝 커버리지를 도시한다.
도 22는 CFD 막들 내의 평균 붕소 농도가 약 0.5 내지 3.5 wt% 붕소의 범위 내에서 조절될 수 있음을 나타내는 SIMS 데이터를 제공한다.
표 1 | ||||||
막 |
반응물 A |
반응물 B |
반응물 C |
온도 (C) | 압력 (torr) |
굴절율 (ref.index) |
SiO2 | BTBAS | O2 | - | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.45-1.47 |
SiN | SiH3Cl | O2 | - | 50-400 | 1-4 | |
SiO2 | SiH (N(CH3)2)3 | O2 | - | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.45-1.47 |
SiN | BTBAS | NH3 | - | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | BTBAS | - | N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | BTBAS | NH3 | N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | SiH3Cl | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | |
SiN | SiH3Cl | t-부틸 아민 |
선택적으로 N2/H2 | |||
SiN | SiH2Cl2 | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | SiH2Cl2 | t-부틸 아민 |
선택적으로 N2/H2 | |||
SiN | SiH(CH3)-(N(CH3)2)2 | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | SiH(CH3)( Cl2) | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | SiHCl-(N(CH3)2)2 | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
SiN | (Si(CH3)2NH)3 | NH3 | 선택적으로 N2/H2 | 50-400 | 1-4 | 1.80-2.05 |
표 2 | ||||
페이즈 | 반응물 A 노출 페이즈 | 반응물 B 노출 페이즈 | 제거 페이즈 | 플라즈마 활성화 페이즈 |
시간 (sec) | 계속됨 | 0.25-10 | 0.25-10 | 0.25-10 |
BTBAS (sccm) | n/a | 0.5-5.0 | 0 | 0 |
O2 (slm) |
1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 |
Ar (slm) | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 |
압력 (torr) | 1-4 | 1-4 | 1-4 | 1-4 |
온도 (C) | 50-400 | 50-400 | 50-400 | 50-400 |
HF 전력 (W) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50-2500 |
LF 전력 (W) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0-2500 |
표 3 | |||||||
SiO2 공정 |
증착 레이트 (옹스트롬/사이클) | NU ((최대분)/ 평균) |
NU (1 시그마) |
굴절율 | 막 응력 (MPa) |
유전체 상수 |
습식 에칭 레이트 비 |
1 sec. 200W O2 플라즈마 (오직 HF) |
0.9 | 5% | 2% | 1.456 | -165 | 6.6 | 7.87 |
10 sec. 1000W O2 플라즈마 (오직 HF) |
0.6 | 5% | 2% | 1.466 | -138 | 3.9 | 1.59 |
10 sec. 1000W O2 플라즈마 (HF/LF) |
0.6 | 12% | 5% | 1.472 | -264 | 3.9 | 1.55 |
PECVD SiO2 | 600 | 3% | 1% | 1.477 | -238 | 4.2 | 5.28 |
표 4 | ||
페이즈 | 플라즈마 처리 제거 페이즈 |
플라즈마 처리 활성화 페이즈 |
기간 (sec) | 0.25-10.0 | 0.25-10.0 |
Ar (sccm) | 1-20 | 1-20 |
압력 (torr) | 1-4 | 1-4 |
온도 (C) | 50-400 | 50-400 |
HF 전력 (W) | 50-2500 | 50-2500 |
LF 전력 (W) | 0-2500 | 0-2500 |
표 5 | |||||
페이즈 | 반응물 A 노출 페이즈 | 반응물 B 노출 페이즈 | 제거 페이즈 |
플라즈마 활성화 페이즈 |
에칭 페이즈 |
시간 (sec) | 계속적 | 0.25-10.0 | 0.25-10.0 | 0.25-10.0 | 0.25-10.0 |
BTBAS (sccm) | - | 0.5-2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
O2 (slm) |
1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 0 |
NF3 (sccm) |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1-15 |
Ar (slm) | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 | 1-20 |
압력 (torr) | 1-4 | 1-4 | 1-4 | 1-4 | 1-4 |
온도 (C) | 50-400 | 50-400 | 50-400 | 50-400 | 50-400 |
HF 전력 (W) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50-2500 | 50-2500 |
LF 전력 (W) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0-2500 | 0-2500 |
공정 | 플라즈마 전력 | 플라즈마 노출시간 | 공정 압력 |
CFD 산화 성장 | HF: 200 내지 2500W | 0.1 내지 5s | 0.5 - 5 Torr |
플라즈마 사전처리 | HF: 100 내지 1000W; LF: 0 내지 1000W | 0 내지 60s | 2 - 9 Torr |
표지 | 증착 조건들 |
CFDS1 | 400 ℃/25x CFD Ox + 5s B2H6 노출 |
CFDS2 | 400 ℃/25x CFD Ox + 2.5s B2H6 노출 |
CFDS3 | 400 ℃/50x CFD Ox + 5s B2H6 노출 |
CFDS4 | 350 ℃/25x CFD Ox + 5s B2H6 노출 |
Claims (42)
- 반응 챔버 내에서 기판 표면 상에 막을 증착하는 방법에 있어서,
(a) 제 1 반응물이 상기 기판 표면 상으로 흡착되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 제 1 반응물을 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 단계;
(b) 상기 제 1 반응물이 상기 기판 표면 상에 흡착된 동안에 상기 반응 챔버 내에 제 2 반응물을 도입시키는 단계;
(c) 상기 막의 일부를 형성하도록 상기 기판 표면 상의 상기 제 1 반응물과 상기 제 2 반응물 간의 반응을 일으키게 상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키는 단계;
(d) 상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (c) 를 적어도 1 회 반복하는 단계;
(e) 상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (d) 동안에 도입되지 않은 도펀트 함유 재료가 상기 막의 노출된 표면과 접촉되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 도펀트 함유 재료를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 단계; 및
(f) 상기 도펀트 함유 재료로부터 도펀트를 상기 막 내로 도입시키는 단계를 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
(g) 상기 단계 (e) 또는 상기 단계 (f) 후에 상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (c) 를 반복하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
(g) 상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (e) 를 반복하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (c) 동안에 증착된 막의 양은 0.5 내지 1 옹스트롬인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 막으로부터의 상기 도펀트를 상기 막이 상주하는 상기 기판 표면의 피처들 내로 추동시키는 (driving) 단계를 더 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 막으로부터의 상기 도펀트를 추동시키는 단계는 상기 막을 어닐링하는 단계를 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 막은 상기 기판 표면의 3차원 피처 상에 상주하며,
상기 막으로부터의 상기 도펀트를 추동시키는 단계는 상기 피처 내로의 상기 도펀트의 컨포멀 확산 (conformal diffusion) 을 제공하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 피처는 40 나노미터보다 크지 않은 폭을 갖는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키는 단계 이전에 상기 반응 챔버로부터 상기 제 2 반응물을 퍼지 (purge) 하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 퍼지하는 단계는 산화제를 포함하는 가스를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 흐르게 하는 단계를 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 반응물 및 상기 제 2 반응물은 상기 반응 챔버 내에 기상 (vapor phase) 으로 공존하며,
상기 제 1 반응물 및 상기 제 2 반응물은 상기 단계 (c) 에서 플라즈마에 노출될 때까지 상기 반응 챔버 내에서 인식할 수 있을 정도로 (appreciably) 서로 반응하지 않는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 도펀트를 상기 막 내로 도입시키는 단계는 상기 도펀트 함유 재료를 플라즈마에 노출시키는 단계를 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 반응물은 산화제인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 산화제는 아산화질소인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 반응물은,
SiHx(NR2)4-x이며 x = 1 내지 3이며 R은 알킬 그룹들을 포함하는 알킬아미노 실란들 (alkylamino silanes); 및
SiHxY4-x이며 x = 1 내지 3이며 Y 는 Cl, Br, 및 I를 포함하는 할로실란들 (halosilanes) 로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 반응물은 BTBAS인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 도펀트 함유 재료는 포스핀, 아르신, 알킬보란들, 알킬 갈란들 (gallanes), 알킬포스핀들, 할로겐화 인들 (phosphorus halides), 할로겐화 비소들 (arsenic halides), 할로겐화 갈륨들 (gallium halides), 할로겐화 붕소들 (boron halides), 알킬보란들 (alkylboranes) 및 디보란으로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 막은 유전체 막인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
총 막 두께는 10 내지 100 옹스트롬인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 막 내의 도펀트의 농도는 0.01 내지 10 중량 퍼센트인, 막 증착 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 기판 표면으로 포토레지스트를 도포하는 단계;
상기 포토레지스트를 노광시키는 단계;
상기 포토레지스트를 패터닝하고 패턴을 상기 기판 표면으로 전사하는 단계; 및
상기 기판 표면으로부터 상기 포토레지스트를 선택적으로 제거하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 막 증착 방법. - 반응 챔버 내에서 기판 표면 상에 유전체 막을 증착하는 방법에 있어서,
(a) 산화제가 상기 기판 표면 상으로 흡착되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 산화제를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 흐르게 하는 동작;
(b) 상기 산화제가 상기 반응 챔버로 계속 흐르는 동안에 상기 반응 챔버 내에 유전체 프리커서를 도입시키는 동작;
(c) 상기 유전체 막의 일부를 형성하도록 상기 기판 표면 상의 상기 산화제와 상기 유전체 프리커서 간의 반응을 일으키게 상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키는 동작;
(d) 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (c) 동안에 도입되지 않은 도펀트 함유 재료가 상기 유전체 막의 노출된 표면과 접촉되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 도펀트 함유 재료를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 동작; 및
(e) 상기 도펀트 함유 재료로부터 도펀트를 상기 유전체 막 내로 포함시키는 동작을 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 유전체 프리커서는 BTBAS인, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 도펀트를 상기 유전체 막으로부터 상기 기판 내로 추동시키는 동작을 더 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (c) 가 반복되는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 25 항에 있어서,
상기 산화제는 상기 동작 (a) 가 처음 수행되는 때에 질소에 대한 산소의 제 1 비를 포함하며,
상기 산화제는 상기 동작 (a) 가 반복되는 때에 질소에 대한 산소의 제 2 비를 포함하며,
상기 제 2 비는 상기 제 1 비보다 작은, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 26 항에 있어서,
상기 산화제는 상기 동작 (a) 가 처음 수행되는 때에 원소 산소 (elemental oxygen) 를 포함하며,
상기 산화제는 상기 동작 (a) 가 반복되는 때에 아산화질소를 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 25 항에 있어서,
상기 기판은 상기 동작 (c) 가 처음 수행되는 때에 제 1 온도에 있으며,
상기 기판은 상기 동작 (c) 가 반복되는 때에 제 2 온도에 있으며,
상기 제 2 온도는 상기 제 1 온도보다 높은, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 동작 (a) 이전에 상기 기판 표면을 상기 도펀트 함유 재료와 접촉시키는 동작을 더 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 반응 챔버 내에서 기판 표면 상에 유전체 막을 증착하는 방법에 있어서,
(a) 유전체 프리커서가 상기 기판 표면 상으로 흡착되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 유전체 프리커서를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 단계;
(b) 이후에, 상기 유전체 프리커서가 상기 기판 표면 상에 흡착된 상태에서 상기 반응 챔버로부터 상기 유전체 프리커서를 퍼지하는 단계;
(c) 상기 유전체 막의 일부를 형성하도록 상기 기판 표면 상의 상기 유전체 프리커서의 반응을 일으키게 상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키는 단계; 및
(d) 상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (c) 동안에 도입되지 않은 도펀트 프리커서가 상기 유전체 막의 일부와 접촉되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 도펀트 프리커서를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 단계를 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (a) 내지 상기 단계 (c) 이전 및 동안에 산화제를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 흐르게 하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
(e) 상기 유전체 막 내로 도펀트를 도입하도록 상기 도펀트 프리커서를 반응시키는 단계를 더 포함하는, 유전체 막 증착 방법. - 기판 표면 상에 도핑된 막을 증착하기 위한 장치에 있어서,
상기 도핑된 막의 증착 동안에 기판을 홀딩하기 위한 디바이스를 포함하는 반응 챔버;
상기 반응 챔버에 연결된 하나 이상의 프로세스 가스 유입구들; 및
상기 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하도록 구성되거나 설계된 제어기를 포함하며,
상기 동작들은,
(a) 제 1 반응물이 상기 기판 표면 상으로 흡착되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 제 1 반응물을 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 동작;
(b) 상기 제 1 반응물이 상기 기판 표면 상에 흡착된 동안에 상기 반응 챔버 내에 제 2 반응물을 도입시키는 동작;
(c) 상기 도핑된 막의 일부를 형성하도록 상기 기판 표면 상의 상기 제 1 반응물과 상기 제 2 반응물 간의 반응을 일으키게 상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키는 동작;
(d) 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (c) 를 적어도 1 회 반복하는 동작;
(e) 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (d) 동안에 도입되지 않은 도펀트 함유 재료가 상기 도핑된 막의 노출된 표면과 접촉되게 하는 조건들 하에서 상기 도펀트 함유 재료를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 도입시키는 동작; 및
(f) 상기 도펀트 함유 재료로부터 도펀트를 상기 도핑된 막 내로 도입시키는 동작을 포함하는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 제어기는 상기 장치로 하여금 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (d) 이전 및 동안에 산화제를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 흐르게 하도록 더 설계되거나 구성되는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 제어기는, (g) 상기 동작 (e) 또는 상기 동작 (f) 후에 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (c) 를 반복하는 동작이 발생하게 더 설계되거나 구성되는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 제어기는, (g) 상기 도핑된 막으로부터의 상기 도펀트를 상기 도핑된 막이 상주하는 상기 기판 표면의 피처들 내로 추동시키는 (driving) 동작이 발생하게 더 설계되거나 구성되는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 36 항에 있어서,
상기 도핑된 막으로부터 상기 도펀트를 추동시키는 동작은 상기 도핑된 막을 어닐링하는 동작을 포함하는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 제어기는 상기 기판 표면을 플라즈마에 노출시키기 이전에 상기 제 2 반응물을 상기 반응 챔버로부터 퍼지시키도록 더 설계되거나 구성되는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 38 항에 있어서,
상기 퍼지는 산화제를 포함하는 가스를 상기 반응 챔버 내로 흐르게 하는 동작을 포함하는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 제어기는 상기 동작 (e) 가 상기 동작 (a) 내지 상기 동작 (d) 의 하나 이상의 반복들 간의 인터벌들에서 수행되게 하도록 더 설계되거나 구성되며,
상기 인터벌들은 상기 도핑된 막을 증착하는 과정에 걸쳐서 변하는, 막 증착 장치. - 제 33 항에 기재된 장치 및 스텝퍼를 포함하는 시스템.
- 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 유전체 프리커서는 실리콘 함유 프리커서인, 유전체 막 증착 방법.
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SG11201400633RA (en) | 2014-08-28 |
CN107342216B (zh) | 2022-05-31 |
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JP6199292B2 (ja) | 2017-09-20 |
CN103890910A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
KR102084901B1 (ko) | 2020-03-05 |
KR20190049906A (ko) | 2019-05-09 |
TW201735162A (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
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