KR101712331B1 - Ship - Google Patents

Abstract

In the ballast water treatment system according to one embodiment of the present invention, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus is controlled based on the result, even if the water quality of the ballast water is greatly changed according to the water intake condition, Ballast water can always be treated with constant water quality. In addition, since the water treatment is performed according to the quality of the ballast water, excessive injection or insufficiency of the chemical solution used for the water treatment can be prevented. For example, in the case of using the sterilization method as the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to prevent an excessive injection or insufficiency of the sterilizing agent, and it is possible to prevent the sterilizing agent from applying a load to the painting of the ballast tank or the environment.

Description

Ship {SHIP}

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment system, and more particularly to a ballast water treatment system for removing aquatic organisms from ballast water of a ship.

A ship carrying ore or crude oil is provided with a ballast tank, and ballast water such as seawater or fresh water is stored in the ballast tank to ensure attitude control and stability of the ship. The ballast water is taken in the ballast tank when it is empty and drained from the ballast tank because it is drained from the ballast tank as the loading progresses. Therefore, aquatic organisms may migrate with the ballast water and settle in a new environment. In this case, it is feared that the ecosystem may be destroyed or may affect economic activities such as fisheries. In addition, it is also concerned that the pathogenic bacteria moved together with the ballast water directly affect the health of the human body.

Therefore, in the international treaty on ship ballast water management, the "International Convention for the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediments of Ships" was adopted in February 2004, requiring the ballast water treatment system to be installed. The ballast water management standards established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are as follows.

ㆍ Organisms with a minimum size of 50 ㎛ have less than 10 living organisms per 1 ㎥.

ㆍ Organisms with a minimum size of less than 50 ㎛ and 10 ㎛ or more have less than 10 living organisms per 1 ml.

ㆍ Less than 1 cfu / 100 ml of toxic acid-producing cholera (O-1, O-139).

ㆍ Escherichia coli is less than 250 cfu / 100 ml.

ㆍ Enterococci are less than 100 cfu / 100 ml.

Various ballast water treatment techniques for purifying the ballast water have been proposed in order to satisfy such criteria. For example, conventionally, a sterilization method in which a sterilizing agent is added after being tightened (physically treated) with a filter is the mainstream, and in Patent Document 1, the chlorostatic agent is added to sterilize the ballast water. In Patent Document 2, ballast water is sterilized by hydrogen peroxide, and Patent Document 3 sterilizes ballast water by ozone.

Recently, instead of the sterilization method, a flocculation separation method has been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 4, by adding a chemical agent and a magnetic component to ballast water, a magnetic floc is formed by entangling aquatic organisms to be removed, and this magnetic floc is recovered by using a magnet or a filter, Aquatic organisms are separated and removed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-322788 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-910 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-212494 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-218887

However, there is a possibility that the ballast water can be taken from the ports of the world, and the quality of the ballast water greatly differs depending on the water intake place. For example, in waters where water pollution has progressed, there are many aquatic organisms such as bacteria and plankton present in the water due to eutrophication. In addition, the amount of aquatic organisms may change significantly in the same water area depending on the season, or convection may occur due to temperature difference between day and night, and the amount of aquatic organisms may change in a short time. As a result, it is very difficult to always achieve the ballast water management standard set by the IMO, and there is a possibility that a new accident may occur when the standard is excessively satisfied.

For example, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, in order to surely achieve the standard, it is necessary to inject an excessive amount of bactericide, so that the efficacy thereof remains due to the excessive chemical solution injection and adversely affects the painting of the ballast tank Or when the ballast water is drained, there is a risk of killing aquatic organisms in the water.

Further, in Patent Document 4, in order to surely achieve the standard, it is necessary to add the magnetic floc forming agent excessively, and there is a fear that the amount of recovered product of the magnetic flocs is unnecessarily increased by the excessive injection of the chemical liquid .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a ballast water treatment system capable of always achieving a ballast water management standard set by IMO.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is a ballast water treatment system comprising: a water treatment apparatus mounted on a ship for removing water to be removed from ballast water; and a ballast tank having a ballast tank for storing ballast water treated in the water treatment apparatus There is provided a water treatment system comprising a monitoring device for monitoring the quality of water of the ballast water and a control device for controlling the operation conditions of the water treatment device based on the monitoring result of the monitoring device .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus is controlled based on the result, even if the water quality of the ballast water is greatly changed according to the water intake condition, Can be treated with water quality.

According to the first aspect, since the water treatment is performed in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, excessive injection or insufficiency of the chemical solution used for water treatment can be prevented. For example, in the case of using the sterilization method as the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to prevent an excessive injection or insufficiency of the sterilizing agent, and it is possible to prevent the sterilizing agent from applying a load to the painting of the ballast tank or the environment.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the water treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the water treatment apparatus comprises: an aggregating device for injecting an aggregating agent into the ballast water, And a separating and removing device for separating the water from the water.

The second mode is a flocculation separation method for separating and removing the substances to be removed from the ballast water, and it is not necessary to inject the sanitizer like the sanitization method, and the load on the ballast tank and the environment can be eliminated. In addition, the separation and removal apparatus can use gravity sedimentation, pressurization, magnetic separation, filter separation, or the like.

The third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the second aspect, the control device controls the flocculation device based on the monitoring result of the monitoring device to adjust the injection amount of the flocculant.

According to the third aspect, since the injection amount of the flocculant is controlled according to the water quality of the ballast water, the flocculant can be injected with little or no excess. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flocculant from remaining due to the excessive injection of the flocculant, and the environmental load at the time of discharging the ballast water can be minimized.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the second or third aspect, the separation / removal device is a combination of magnetic separation and filter separation.

According to the fourth aspect, since the magnetic separation and the filter separation are combined, the separation and recovery of the aggregate can be performed at high speed and with high accuracy. In the fourth aspect, it is preferable to incorporate magnetic components into the ballast water before agglomeration. It is preferable that the magnetic separation is performed by using a magnet such as a permanent magnet or a superconducting magnet, and it is preferable to use a metal or resin filter of 10 to 50 mu m in filter separation.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the monitoring device measures at least one of turbidity and chromaticity of the ballast water and monitors the turbidity and chromaticity of the ballast water.

According to the fifth aspect, since at least one of turbidity and chromaticity is measured and monitored, the concentration of aquatic organisms in the ballast water can be indirectly estimated. In addition, many general-purpose apparatuses such as a turbidimeter and a colorimeter have been developed, so that water quality can be monitored surely and at low cost.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the monitoring device monitors the ballast water by image analysis.

According to the sixth aspect, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored by image analysis of the ballast water, the concentration of aquatic organisms in the ballast water can be directly obtained.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the control device controls the throughput that the water treatment apparatus processes in a unit time.

According to the seventh aspect, since the throughput per unit time, that is, the residence time in the water treatment apparatus is controlled, even when the amount of the matter to be removed in the ballast water is large, the object to be removed can be efficiently removed. For example, when a sterilization type water treatment apparatus is used, the contact time with the sterilizing agent can be controlled by controlling the throughput per unit time. Therefore, even when a high concentration of organism is introduced by red tide or the like, the sterilization treatment can be efficiently performed. Further, in the case of using the flocculation separation type water treatment apparatus, the retention time in the flocculation apparatus can be controlled by controlling the throughput per unit time. Therefore, even when a high concentration of organisms is introduced by red tide or the like, the flocculation treatment of aquatic organisms can be reliably performed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, the monitoring apparatus monitors the water quality of the ballast water at an inlet portion, an outlet portion and / or the ballast tank of the water treatment apparatus .

According to the eighth aspect, by monitoring the water quality of the ballast water at the inlet of the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to perform the water treatment according to the fluctuation of the water quality of the ballast water at the time of the water intake. Further, by monitoring the quality of the ballast water at the outlet of the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to cope with a change in performance (deterioration in performance, etc.) of the water treatment apparatus. Further, by monitoring the quality of the ballast water in the tank, it is possible to cope with the deterioration of the water quality in the tank.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to eighth aspects, there is provided a line for returning ballast water in the ballast tank or ballast water discharged to the outside from the ballast tank to the water treatment apparatus, And the ballast water is reprocessed by the water treatment apparatus.

According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to reprocess the ballast water, for example, when a large amount of the debris is contained in the ballast water at the time of taking in water, or when the debris can not be sufficiently removed by the water treatment, Or the ballast water is reprocessed in the event of proliferation of the debris in the tank. Thereby, the ballast water can be discharged in a state in which the reference is reliably satisfied. It is preferable that the ballast water is reprocessed during the navigation of the ship or when discharging the ballast water.

According to the present invention, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus is controlled based on the result, the ballast water greatly different according to the water intake condition can be treated with the desired water quality. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably satisfy the drainage standard of the ballast water, and to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by the drainage of the ballast water.

1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a ballast water treatment system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view showing a ballast water treatment system different from that of Fig. 1. Fig.
Fig. 3 is a view showing a drainage flow in the ballast water treatment system of Fig. 1; Fig.
4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of a ballast water treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a ballast water treatment system different from FIG. 4;
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a drainage flow in the ballast water treatment system of Fig. 4; Fig.
7 is a table showing the relationship between the aquatic biological concentration and the chemical concentration of the ballast water.
8 is a table showing the relationship between the turbidity of the ballast water and the addition amount of the flocculant.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the ballast water treatment system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a configuration of a first embodiment of a ballast water treatment system according to the present invention. The ballast water treatment system 10 shown in Fig. 1 is mounted in a ship 12 and is mainly composed of a water treatment device 14, a ballast tank 16, a monitoring device 18, and a control device 20.

The water treatment device 14 is an example of a " sterilization method ", and is composed of a group of devices of a physical removal device 22 and a sterilizing device 24. [

The physical elimination device 22 physically removes a large aquatic creature or floating material, and the device using, for example, a filter, a cyclone, a cavitation, or the like is used singly or in combination. A raw water pipe 26 is connected to the physical elimination device 22 and a pump 28 and a valve 30 are disposed in the raw water pipe 26. By driving the pump 28, seawater or fresh water is sucked into the raw water pipe 26 and sent to the physical eliminator 22. The pump 28 and the valve 30 are connected to the control device 20 so that the number of revolutions of the pump 28 and the degree of opening of the valve 30 are controlled by the control device 20. In addition, depending on the design of the sterilizer 24 at the rear end, the physical eliminator 22 may not be provided. Further, instead of using the pump 28, the seawater or fresh water may be fed using the water level difference.

The physical elimination device 22 is connected to the ballast tank 16 through the treatment water pipe 32 and the sterilizing device 24 is installed in the middle of the treatment water pipe 32. The sterilizing device 24 is a device for killing small aquatic organisms. For example, devices using sodium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, UV, etc. are used singly or in combination. As a specific example of the sterilizing device 24, a medicine storage tank (not shown) for storing the sterilizing agent and an injection device (not shown) for injecting the sterilizing agent into the treatment water pipe are formed. It is also possible to include a generator (not shown) for generating a sterilizing agent or the like.

The treated water from which the aquatic organisms have been removed from the physical removal device 22 and the sterilizing device 24 is delivered to the ballast tank 16 and stored. The drainage means for discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 to the outside may be a type of discharging the water using the raw water pipe 26 and the pump 28 or a method of discharging the ballast water into the new drain pipe (Not shown) may be connected and drained.

The sampling pipes 34 and 36 are connected to the raw water pipe 26 (that is, the inlet of the water treatment device 14), the process water pipe 32 (i.e., the outlet of the water treatment device 14), and the ballast tank 16, , 38) are connected, and each sampling pipe (34, 36, 38) is connected to the monitoring device (18). The monitoring device 18 automatically samples the ballast water introduced through the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38, and examines the quality of the water. The method of surveying the water quality is not particularly limited. For example, there is a method of directly measuring the concentration of aquatic organisms by acquiring image data of the ballast water by photographing and analyzing the image data. Further, the water quality may be indirectly obtained by using a turbidimeter for measuring the turbidity in water or a colorimeter for measuring the chromaticity in water.

The monitoring device 18 is connected to the control device 20, and the data of the monitoring result is transmitted to the control device 20. [ The control device 20 is connected to the pump 28, the valve 30, the physical elimination device 22 and the sterilizing device 24 so that the physical elimination device 22 or the sterilizing device 24, The rotational speed of the pump 28, and the opening degree of the valve 30 are adjusted. Thus, it is possible to control the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 such as the treatment amount of aquatic organisms, the treatment flow rate per unit time, and the like.

Next, the operation of the ballast water treatment system 10 configured as described above will be described.

In the present embodiment, the ballast water of the raw water pipe 26, the ballast water of the treated water pipe 32, and the ballast water of the ballast tank 16 are sampled. That is, the water quality of the ballast water at the time of intake, the water quality of the ballast water immediately after being treated in the water treatment apparatus 14, and the water quality of the ballast water stored in the ballast tank 16 are monitored. The control device 20 controls the operation conditions of the water treatment device 14 in accordance with the water quality to perform the ballast treatment.

For example, when the water quality of the ballast water (that is, the ballast water at the time of withdrawal) of the raw water pipe 26 is lowered and the concentration of aquatic organisms is increased, the amount of the sterilizing agent supplied to the sterilizing device 24 is increased, 28 and the valve 30 to reduce the treatment flow rate, thereby increasing the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 14. [ Conversely, when the water quality of the ballast water at the time of intake is improved and the concentration of aquatic organisms is decreased, the amount of the sterilizing agent to be supplied to the sterilizing device 24 may be reduced or the flow rate of the treatment may be increased by the pump 28 or the valve 30 , Thereby deteriorating the processing capability of the water treatment apparatus 14. As a result, it is possible to cope with fluctuations in the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, so that the quality of the ballast water after the treatment can be stabilized. Further, by controlling the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 according to the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, it is possible to prevent the bactericide from being excessively injected from the sterilizing device 24, It is possible to prevent adverse effects on the local ecosystem.

Likewise, even when the quality of the ballast water of the process water pipe 32 (that is, the ballast water immediately after the treatment) fluctuates, it can be dealt with. That is, when the concentration of the aquatic organisms is increased, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 14 is increased by increasing the input amount of the sterilizing agent in the sterilizing apparatus 24 or decreasing the treatment flow amount by the pump 28 or the valve 30 . Conversely, when the concentration of the aquatic organisms is low, the amount of the sterilizing agent supplied to the sterilizing device 24 may be reduced, or the treatment flow rate may be increased by the pump 28 or the valve 30 to increase the treatment capacity of the water treatment device 14 . Thereby, the water treatment apparatus 14 can be feedback-controlled, and the quality of the treated ballast water can be stabilized. Further, by comparing the water quality of the ballast water of the raw water pipe 26 with the water quality of the ballast water of the treated water pipe 32, it is possible to more quickly and accurately cope with the fluctuation of the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, The water quality of the water can be further stabilized.

In this embodiment, the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is also monitored, so that the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank can be monitored. Further, when the water quality in the ballast tank is lowered, the ballast water in the ballast tank may be reprocessed by circulating the ballast water in the ballast tank 14 to the water treatment apparatus 14 as described later, 14, and then subjected to reprocessing and draining. Alternatively, a sterilizing device 24 may be connected to the ballast tank to sterilize the ballast tank.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus 14 is controlled based on the result, even if the water quality of the ballast water greatly varies according to the water intake condition, Can always be a constant quality of water.

Further, according to the present embodiment, water treatment is performed in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, so that an appropriate amount of chemical solution can be injected in accordance with the concentration of aquatic organisms. Here, the table of Fig. 7 shows the relationship between the concentration of aquatic organisms and each bactericide. In the present embodiment, it is possible to inject an appropriate amount of the chemical liquid based on such a relationship, and it is possible to prevent the excessive injection or insufficiency of the chemical liquid. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the coating of the ballast tank 16 and the load on the ecosystem in the drainage area due to the remaining of the chemical liquid.

7, the criterion of aquatic organisms A is " the number of living organisms having a minimum size of 50 mu m or more is less than 10 living organisms per cubic meter " and the criterion of aquatic organisms B is " And the number of living organisms having a size of 10 mu m or more in 1 ml is less than 10 ".

Although the water quality of the ballast water is monitored at three places (the raw water pipe 26, the treated water pipe 32, and the ballast tank 16), the position and the number of the monitored ballast water are not limited thereto, For example, the water quality of the ballast water may be sampled at one or two of the above locations.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system that has the function of reprocessing ballast water in the ballast tank 16 in the ballast water treatment system of Fig. 1; The ballast water treatment system 40 shown in Fig. 2 has a circulation line 42 connected to the ballast tank 16 and the tip of the circulation line 42 connected to the raw water pipe 26. A pump and a valve (not shown) are provided in the circulation line 42, and the pump and the valve are controlled by the control device 20. [ The pump 28 and the valve 30 may be used both at the time of intake and at the time of circulation by connecting the tip of the circulation line 42 to the piping on the upstream side of the pump 28 (the left side in Fig. 2).

The ballast water treatment system 40 configured as described above monitors the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 and controls the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 based on the monitoring result. For example, when the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is lowered, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is circulated by the circulation line 42 to the water treatment apparatus 14, I do. The operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 are controlled in accordance with the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, and the ballast water is reprocessed until the concentration of the aquatic organisms falls below an allowable level. Thus, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 can be improved and maintained to be below the tolerable level.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 can be purified by circulating the ballast water, and for example, the ballast water can be purified while the ship is underway.

In the above-described embodiment, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is returned to the front end of the physical elimination device 22. However, as shown in the circulation line 44 in FIG. 2, It may be returned to the front end of the sterilizing position. In this case, only the sterilization treatment can be reprocessed.

In the above-described embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and the reprocessing of the ballast water is controlled according to the result. However, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, The water quality of the ballast water may be compared and the operation conditions at the time of reprocessing may be controlled according to the comparison result. For example, when the quality of the ballast water immediately after the treatment is equal to the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, the reprocessing of the ballast water may be stopped.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a flow when drainage is performed in the ballast water treatment system 10 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an example in which water is drained by using the water treatment device 14, the pump 28 and the valve 30 in Fig. 1, but the drainage method is not limited to this, Other water treatment devices, pumps, and valves may be installed and drained.

The ballast water treatment system 10 shown in Figure 3 drains the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 through the water treatment device 14 by opening the valve 30 and driving the pump 28. [ The control device 20 controls the water treatment device 14 in accordance with the result of the monitoring of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. For example, when the water quality (aquatic biological concentration) of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 exceeds the allowable level, the water treatment apparatus 14 is driven to start the reprocessing of the ballast water, (The amount of treatment such as the amount of the sterilizing agent to be injected or the treatment flow rate per unit time) of the water treatment apparatus 14 is controlled in accordance with the flow rate of the sterilizing agent. As a result, the quality of the discharged ballast water is improved, and the water is controlled to be below the permissible value and drained.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the water treatment apparatus 14 is arranged on the discharge line of the ballast water, the ballast water can be reprocessed at the time of discharge. Therefore, even when the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 drops during the course of the navigation, the ballast water at the time of discharge can be reprocessed to satisfy the discharge standard of the ballast water.

3, the bypass line 46 of the physical elimination device 22 is provided so that the physical elimination device 22 is provided with the ballast water at the time of discharging, (Not shown).

Fig. 4 schematically shows the configuration of the ballast water treatment system of the second embodiment. Members having the same functions as those of the ballast water treatment system 10 of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 4, the ballast water treatment system 50 of the second embodiment is different from the ballast water treatment system 10 of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in that a flocculation separation type water treatment apparatus 52 It differs from the point of use. As shown in FIG. 4, the water treatment apparatus 52 of the flocculation separation type flocculates and removes the matters to be removed (aquatic organisms) in the ballast water, (58).

In the present embodiment, the chemical additive device 60, the inorganic flocculant adding device 62, and the inorganic flocculant adding device 62 are provided in the ballast water. , And a polymer flocculant addition device (64). The magnetic component adding device 60 is configured to add a magnetic component to the ballast water fed to the rapid stirring tank 66 of the agglomerate portion 56. As the magnetic component, for example, iron oxide black can be preferably used . The inorganic flocculant addition device 62 is configured to add an inorganic flocculant to the ballast water fed to the rapid stirring tank 66 of the flocculent portion 56. Examples of the inorganic flocculant include polychlorinated aluminum, Can be preferably used. The polymer flocculant addition device 64 is configured to add a polymer flocculant to the ballast water fed from the rapid stirring tank 66 of the flocculating section 56 to the slow stirring tank 68. As the polymer flocculant, May be preferably used. For example, in the case where the magnetic separating device 72 is not used in the separating portion 58 at the subsequent stage, the kind of the medicine to be added is not limited to the above- Forms are also possible.

The coagulation section 56 has a rapid stirring tank 66 in which ballast water is fed from the raw water pipe 26 and a slow stirring tank 68 connected to the rapid stirring tank 66 by a pipe 70. The rapid stirring tank 66 is configured to rapidly stir the ballast water, the magnetic component, and the flocculant by rotating a stirring blade (not shown) at a high speed. It is preferable that the rotational speed of the stirring blade in the rapid stirring tank 66 is about 1 to 2 m / sec at the tip end thereof. By using such a rapid stirring tank 66, the magnetic suspended particles in the ballast water Microbial flocs having a size of several tens of micrometers are introduced into which microorganisms, bacteria, and plankton are introduced. The ballast water containing magnetic flocs is sent to the slow stirring tank (68) through the pipe (70).

The slow stirring tank 68 is configured to gently stir the ballast water containing magnetic flocs and the polymer flocculant by rotating a stirring blade (not shown) at low speed. The stirring blade in the slow stirring tank 68 is controlled to a rotating peripheral speed which is slower than the stirring blade in the rapid stirring tank 66. [ By using such a slow stirring tank 68, magnetic flocs can be grown, and magnetic flocs having a magnetic size of several hundreds of micrometers to several millimeters are formed. The ballast water containing the grown magnetic flocs is sent to the separating unit 58. In the present embodiment, the agitating section 56 is constituted by the rapid stirring tank 66 and the slow stirring tank 68. However, the constitution of the agitating section 56 is not limited to this. For example, Various types of stirring vessels may be provided.

The separator 58 includes a magnetic separator 72 and a filter separator 74. The magnetic separation device 72 adsorbs and separates the magnetic flocs in the ballast water by magnetic force. By this magnetic separation device 72, about 99% or more of the magnetic flocs in the raw water are separated and removed. The treated water processed in the magnetic separating device 72 is sent to and from the filter separating device 74. For example, a rotary drum filter (not shown) having a filter with a pore diameter of 10 to 50 mu m is used, and the ballast water is supplied to the inside of the rotary drum filter, whereby the ballast water is discharged from the inside to the outside So that small fish or small shrimp which can not be removed by flocculation are removed. As a result, it is possible to remove pollutants such as refuse, solid suspended particles, bacteria, and plankton in the ballast water, thereby purifying the ballast water. The purified ballast water is delivered to the ballast tank 16 by the treated water pipe 32 and stored. The structure of the separating section 58 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Instead of the filter separating device 74, the separating section 58 may be replaced with a separating device such as sedimentation separating, Various forms such as a used shape can be used.

The ballast water treatment system 50 of the second embodiment described above is provided with sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 (not shown) in the raw water pipe 26, the treated water pipe 32, and the ballast tank 16, And the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 are connected to the monitoring device 18. The monitoring device 18 automatically samples the ballast water introduced through the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38, and examines the quality of the water. The method of surveying the water quality is not particularly limited. For example, there is a method of directly measuring the concentration of aquatic organisms by acquiring image data of the ballast water by photographing and analyzing the image data. Further, the water quality may be indirectly obtained by using a turbidimeter for measuring the turbidity in water or a colorimeter for measuring the chromaticity in water.

The monitoring device 18 is connected to the control device 20, and the data of the monitoring result is transmitted to the control device 20. [ The control device 20 is connected to the pump 28, the valve 30, the chemical adding section 54 and the condensing section 56. Based on the monitoring result, the chemical adding section 54 and the condensing section 56 , The number of rotations of the pump 28, and the degree of opening of the valve 30 are adjusted. Thus, the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52, such as the treatment amount of aquatic organisms, the treatment flow rate per unit time, and the like can be controlled.

According to the second embodiment configured as described above, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus 52 is controlled based on the result, even if the water quality of the ballast water is greatly different according to the water intake condition , The ballast water can always be made to have a constant water quality.

For example, when the water quality of the ballast water in the raw water pipe 26 is lowered and the concentration of aquatic biomass is increased, the amount of the chemical added to the chemical additive section 54 is increased or the stirring effect in the condensed section 56 is increased Thereby increasing the amount of flocculation or reducing the treatment flow rate by the pump 28 or the valve 30, thereby increasing the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 52. Conversely, when the water quality of the ballast water at the time of intake is improved and the concentration of the aquatic biomass is decreased, the amount of the chemical added to the chemical additive section 54 is reduced or the effect of stirring in the condensation section 56 is reduced, Or increases the processing flow rate by the pump 28 or the valve 30, thereby deteriorating the processing capability of the water treatment apparatus 52. As a result, it is possible to cope with fluctuations in the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, so that the quality of the ballast water after the treatment can be stabilized. In addition, by controlling the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 according to the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, it is possible to prevent the medicine of the chemical addition unit 54 from being added excessively, Adverse effects on the ecosystem can be prevented.

Likewise, even when the quality of the ballast water of the process water pipe 32 (that is, the ballast water immediately after the treatment) fluctuates, it can be dealt with. That is, when the concentration of aquatic organisms is large, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 52 is increased and the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 52 is lowered when the aquatic life concentration is decreased. Thereby, the water treatment apparatus 52 can be feedback-controlled, and the quality of the treated ballast water can be stabilized. Further, by comparing the water quality of the ballast water of the raw water pipe 26 with the water quality of the ballast water of the treated water pipe 32, it is possible to more quickly and accurately cope with the fluctuation of the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water, The water quality of the water can be further stabilized.

In this embodiment, the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is also monitored, so that the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 can be monitored. When the water quality in the ballast tank 16 is lowered, a method of reprocessing the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 by circulating the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 to the water treatment apparatus 52, It may be handled by a method in which the ballast water is drained by the water treatment device 52, drained after reprocessing.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 are controlled according to the water quality of the ballast water, so that an appropriate amount of flocculant can be added in accordance with the aquatic biological concentration. Here, the relationship between the turbidity of the ballast water and the addition amount of the flocculant is shown in the table of Fig. According to this embodiment, a suitable amount of flocculant based on this relationship can be added.

The table in Fig. 8 shows the case of polychlorinated aluminum as an example of the inorganic coagulant.

In addition, since the second embodiment uses the flocculation and separation type water treatment apparatus 52, adverse effects on the ecosystem can be prevented as in the case of using the bactericide. Further, in the case of using the flocculation separation type water treatment apparatus 52, since the mud (mud, living organism, etc.) is not accumulated in the ballast tank 16, an increase in aquatic organisms in the mud can be prevented. Therefore, deterioration of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 can be suppressed.

Although the water quality of the ballast water is monitored at three places (the raw water pipe 26, the treated water pipe 32, and the ballast tank 16), the position and the number of the monitored ballast water are not limited thereto, The water quality of the ballast water may be sampled at one or two of the above locations.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system in the ballast water treatment system of Fig. 4, which has the function of reprocessing the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. Fig. 5, a circulation line 82 is connected to the ballast tank 16, and the tip of the circulation line 82 is connected to the raw water pipe 26. A pump and a valve (not shown) are provided in the circulation line 82, and the pump and the valve are controlled by the control device 20. The pump 28 and the valve 30 may be used both at the time of intake and at the time of circulation by connecting the tip of the circulation line 82 to the upstream side (left side in Fig. 5) of the pump 28. [

The ballast water treatment system 80 configured as described above monitors the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 and controls the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 based on the monitoring result. For example, when the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is lowered, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is circulated by the circulation line 82 to the water treatment system 52, . Then, the operation conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 are controlled in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, and the ballast water is reprocessed until the water quality becomes less than the allowable level. As a result, the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is improved and controlled to be below a tolerable level.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 can be purified by circulating the ballast water, and the ballast water can be purified, for example, during the navigation of the ship.

In the above embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and the reprocessing of the ballast water is controlled according to the result. However, the water quality of the ballast water immediately after the treatment and the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 The water quality of the water may be compared and the operation conditions at the time of reprocessing may be controlled in accordance with the comparison result. For example, when the quality of the ballast water immediately after the treatment is equal to the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, the reprocessing of the ballast water may be stopped.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a flow when drainage is performed in the ballast water treatment system 50 of Fig. 4; Fig. The drainage flow shown in Fig. 6 is an example in which drainage is performed using the water treatment apparatus 52, the pump 28 and the valve 30 in Fig. 4, but the drainage method is not limited to this, Other water treatment devices, pumps, and valves may be installed and drained.

The ballast water treatment system 50 shown in Figure 6 drains the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 through the water treatment device 52 to the outside by opening the valve 30 and driving the pump 28. [ The control device 20 controls the water treatment device 52 according to the result of monitoring the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. For example, when the water quality (aquatic biological concentration) of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 exceeds an allowable level, the water treatment apparatus 52 is driven to start the reprocessing of the ballast water, (The amount of treatment such as the amount of the coagulant injected or the flow rate of treatment of the ballast water per unit time) of the water treatment apparatus 52 is controlled in accordance with the flow rate of the water. This improves the quality of the discharged ballast water, so that it is possible to drain the ballast water controlled to a value below the allowable level.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the water treatment device 52 is placed on the discharge line of the ballast water, the water quality can be improved by reprocessing the ballast water at the time of discharge. Therefore, even when the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is lowered during the course of the navigation, the ballast water can be reprocessed at the time of discharge to satisfy the discharge standard of the ballast water.

10: Ballast water treatment system
12: Ship
14: Water treatment device
16: Ballast tank
18: Monitoring device
20: Control device
22: Physical removal device
24: Sterilization device
26: Raw water piping
28: Pump
30: Valve
32: Treatment water piping
34 to 38: Sampling tube
40: Ballast water treatment system
42: circulation line
44: circulation line
46: Bypass line
50: Ballast water treatment system
52: Water treatment device
54:
56:
58:
60: magnetic component adding device
62: Apparatus for adding inorganic coagulant
64: Polymer flocculant addition device
66: Rapid stirring tank
68: Slow stirring vessel
70: Piping
72: magnetic separation device
74: Filter separation device
80: Ballast water treatment system
82: circulation line

Claims (11)

A pump for taking ballast water,
A water treatment device for treating the ballast water to remove the matter to be removed from the ballast water,
A ballast tank for storing the ballast water treated in the water treatment apparatus,
A valve provided in a pipe between the pump and the water treatment apparatus,
A monitoring device for monitoring the water quality of the ballast water and the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank at an inlet of the water treatment apparatus,
The monitoring device is used at the time of taking in the ballast water, the water quality of the ballast water is monitored at the inlet of the water treatment device, and the opening degree of the valve is controlled based on the monitoring result, In addition to controlling the flow rate of treatment per unit time,
Monitoring the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank using the monitoring device and, if the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank does not satisfy the allowable value based on the monitoring result, And a control device for controlling the water treatment apparatus to be reprocessed. 2. The water treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a circulation line having one end connected to the ballast tank and the other end connected to piping on the upstream side of the pump, and ballast water in the ballast tank, Is supplied to the ship. 2. The ballast water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to use the monitoring device when discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank, to monitor the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank, And discharges the ballast water in the ballast tank when the quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank satisfies an allowable value. The watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the water treatment apparatus is provided with a physical removing device or a sterilizing device. The vessel according to claim 4, wherein the sterilization apparatus is an apparatus using at least one of sodium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and UV. The water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An agglomerating device for agglomerating the to-be-removed water by injecting an agglomerating agent into the ballast water,
And a separating and removing device for separating and removing the aggregates generated in said flocculating device. The ship according to claim 6, wherein the separation and removal device is a combination of magnetic separation and filter separation. 4. The watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the monitoring device measures and monitors at least one of turbidity and chromaticity of the ballast water. 4. The watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the monitoring device monitors the ballast water by image analysis. 4. The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a sampling pipe connected to the monitoring device,
Wherein the monitoring device automatically introduces the ballast water through a sampling tube and monitors the water quality. The control device according to claim 5, wherein the control device controls the flocculation device based on the monitoring result of any one of the water quality of the ballast water and the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank at the inlet of the water treatment device Feature, ship.

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