KR101717863B1 - 연소를 위한 오염된 저등급 석탄의 용도 - Google Patents
연소를 위한 오염된 저등급 석탄의 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101717863B1 KR101717863B1 KR1020157011469A KR20157011469A KR101717863B1 KR 101717863 B1 KR101717863 B1 KR 101717863B1 KR 1020157011469 A KR1020157011469 A KR 1020157011469A KR 20157011469 A KR20157011469 A KR 20157011469A KR 101717863 B1 KR101717863 B1 KR 101717863B1
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- low grade
- stream
- grade coal
- coal feedstock
- feedstock
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/366—Powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/02—Mixing solid fuel with a liquid, e.g. preparing slurries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/20—Drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
- F23K2900/01001—Cleaning solid fuel before combustion to achieve reduced emissions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 감소된-수분의 저등급 석탄 공급원료가 스팀을 생산하고 전력을 열병합발전시키기 위해 연소되는 본 발명의 방법의 부분 (연소 부분)의 한 실시양태의 일반적 다이어그램이다.
도 3은 전기의 임의적인 열병합발전과 함께 보다 높은-압력 스팀을 생산하기 위한 본 발명의 방법의 연소 부분의 또 다른 실시양태의 일반적 다이어그램이다.
Claims (34)
- (a) 초기 오염물 함량을 포함하는 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 제공하며, 여기서 초기 오염물 함량은
(1) 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료의 건조 중량을 기준으로 하여 적어도 0.1 중량%의 초기 무기 염소 함량, 또는
(2) 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료의 건조 중량을 기준으로 하여 적어도 0.1 중량%의 초기 무기 나트륨 함량, 또는
(3) (1) 및 (2) 둘 다
를 포함하고, 여기서 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료는 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료의 총 중량을 기준으로 하여 적어도 25 중량%의 초기 수분 함량을 보유하는 것인 단계;
(b) 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 분쇄하여 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 생산하는 단계;
(c1) 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 수성 세척 스트림으로 세척하여 세척된 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료 및 폐수 스트림을 생성하며, 여기서 세척된 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료는
(1) 초기 무기 염소 함량의 50 중량% 미만의 세척된 무기 염소 함량, 및
(2) 초기 무기 나트륨 함량의 50 중량% 미만의 세척된 무기 나트륨 함량
을 갖는 것인 단계;
(c2) 세척된 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 응집시켜 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료의 초기 수분 함량 (총 중량/중량 기준) 미만의 수분 함량을 갖는 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 생성하는 단계;
(d) 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 건조 가스 스트림 및 열 에너지로 건조시켜 감소된-수분의 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료 및 수분 회수 스트림을 생성하며, 여기서 열 에너지의 적어도 일부는 스팀에 의해 제공되고, 여기서 감소된-수분의 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료는 감소된-수분의 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료의 총 중량을 기준으로 하여 40 중량% 이하의 수분 함량으로 자유 유동성인 단계;
(e) 감소된-수분의 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료 및 산소-함유 가스 스트림을 연소기에 공급하는 단계;
(f) 연소기 내의 감소된-수분의 펠릿화된 저등급 석탄 공급원료를 산소와 연소시켜 스팀, 이산화탄소 및 열 에너지를 포함하는 연소 가스 스트림을 생성하는 단계;
(g) 적어도 150 psig (적어도 1136 kPa 절대압)의 압력에서 보다 높은-압력 스팀 스트림을 생성함으로써 연소 가스 스트림으로부터 열 에너지를 회수하는 단계;
(h) 보다 높은-압력 스팀 스트림의 적어도 일부를 전환시켜 보다 낮은-압력 스팀 스트림을 생성하는 단계;
(i) 단계 (d)로부터의 수분 회수 스트림을 응축시켜 응축된 수분 스트림을 생성하는 단계;
(j) 세척 단계 (c)로부터의 폐수 스트림을 처리하여 회수된 물 스트림을 생성하는 단계; 및
(k) (1) 응축된 수분 스트림의 적어도 일부, 또는 (2) 회수된 물 스트림의 적어도 일부, 또는 (3) (1) 및 (2) 둘 다를 세척 단계 (c)로 재순환시키며, 여기서 수성 세척 스트림은 응축된 수분 스트림 및 회수된 물 스트림의 재순환된 부분을 적어도 부분적으로 포함하는 것인 단계
를 포함하는, 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료로부터 스팀을 생성하는 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료가 50 이상의 하드그로브 분쇄 지수(Hardgrove Grinding Index)를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료가 70 이상의 하드그로브 분쇄 지수를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 미가공 저등급 석탄 공급원료가 70 내지 130의 하드그로브 분쇄 지수를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 분쇄 단계가 습식 분쇄 단계이고 분쇄 단계 이후에 발생하는 세척 단계가 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 연소기에 공급된 감소된-수분의 세척된 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료가, dp(50)이 100 마이크로미터 내지 6000 마이크로미터의 값인 입자 크기 분포를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, dp(50)이 3000 마이크로미터 내지 6000 마이크로미터 범위의 값인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 연소기가 순환 유동층 연소기인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, dp(50)이 100 마이크로미터 내지 200 마이크로미터 범위의 값인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 연소기가 미분탄 보일러인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 분쇄 단계가 건식 분쇄 단계이고 분쇄 단계 이후에 발생하는 세척 단계가 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 연소기에 공급된 감소된-수분의 세척된 분쇄된 저등급 석탄 공급원료가 dp(50)이 100 마이크로미터 내지 6000 마이크로미터의 값인 입자 크기 분포를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, dp(50)이 3000 마이크로미터 내지 6000 마이크로미터 범위의 값인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 연소기가 순환 유동층 연소기인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, dp(50)이 100 마이크로미터 내지 200 마이크로미터 범위의 값인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 연소기가 미분탄 보일러인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
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