KR101519850B1 - Resonant gate driver for driving mosfet - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a resonant gate driver for driving a MOSFET. The gate driver excludes a resistance element and includes aan inductor, a capacitor, and a switch. The gate driver generates a pulse for driving a MOSFT by using energy stored in the inductor or the capacitor using the opening/closing of the switch. Because the gate driver excludes a resistance element, there is no gate loss. Therefore, the MOSFET can be driven at low power loss.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a resonant gate driver device for a MOSFET,

The following embodiments relate to a resonant type gate driver device for driving a MOSFET, and specifically to a gate driver that reduces gate loss and improves energy efficiency.

The gate driver device that drives the MOSFET affects the efficiency of the MOSFET. Especially when the MOSFET operates at a high frequency, the influence of the gate driver device has a greater effect than when the MOSFET operates at a low frequency. The power loss of the gate driver device is proportional to the switching frequency. Therefore, many techniques have been proposed to reduce the power loss of the gate driver device at high frequencies.

The resonance drive device is a device for charging and discharging a gate capacitor by using a resonance circuit, and exhibits high power efficiency. Therefore, it is used to reduce power loss at high switching frequency.

The following embodiments are intended to drive a MOSFET without loss of gate energy.

The following embodiments are intended to drive a MOSFET with minimal energy loss.

According to the embodiments described below, there is provided a gate driver apparatus including a resonant inductor and a storage capacitor connected in series with a gate capacitor connected to a gate terminal of a MOSFET, characterized in that the power supply circuit for supplying power from the source power supply to the gate terminal is opened / Wherein the resonant inductor is connected in series with the storage capacitor between the storage capacitor and the gate terminal and the second switch is connected between the gate terminal and the resonant inductor, And the third switch opens and closes a circuit connecting a node between the resonant inductor and the second switch to the ground.

Here, during the one hour period, the first switch maintains the open state, the second switch maintains the closed state, and the third switch can maintain the open state.

During the second time interval following the first time interval after the first time interval, the first switch maintains the open state, the second switch remains in the closed state, and the third switch The closed state can be maintained.

The first switch maintains the open state and the second switch maintains the open state during the third time period subsequent to the second time period after the second time period, The open state can be maintained.

Here, the first switch maintains the closed state and the second switch maintains the open state during the fourth time interval subsequent to the third time interval after the third time interval, The open state can be maintained.

According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a method of driving a MOSFET, comprising: providing a first switch for opening and closing a power supply circuit for supplying power from a source power supply to a gate terminal of the MOSFET, a resonant inductor connected in series with the storage capacitor, A second switch for opening / closing a circuit between the gate terminals, and a third switch for connecting a circuit connecting the node between the resonance inductor and the second switch to the ground, Method is provided.

Here, the first switch may maintain the open state, the second switch may be kept in the closed state, and the third switch may be kept in the open state.

And, after the first step, the first switch may be kept in the open state, the second switch may be kept in the closed state, and the third switch may be kept in the closed state.

In addition, after the second step, the first switch may maintain the open state, the second switch may maintain the open state, and the third switch may maintain the open state.

Here, after the third step, the first switch may be kept in a closed state, the second switch may be kept in an open state, and the third switch may be kept in an open state.

According to the embodiment described below, the MOSFET can be driven without loss of gate energy.

According to the following embodiments, the MOSFET can be driven with minimized energy loss.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a structure of a gate driver device according to an exemplary embodiment.
2 is a diagram showing the switching states of the switches included in the gate driver devices according to the exemplary embodiment.
3 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a first time interval.
4 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a second time period.
5 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a third time interval.
6 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a fourth time interval.
7 is a flowchart illustrating the driving method according to the exemplary embodiment step by step.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a structure of a gate driver device according to an exemplary embodiment.

The gate driver device is a device for driving a MOSFET for power such as MOSFET 110. [ In order to drive the MOSFET, a pulse of a predetermined voltage must be applied to the gate terminal 130 of the MOSFET. According to one side, the MOSFET can be modeled as a capacitor, looking at the gate terminal. This is referred to as a gate capacitor 150. The gate driver device may drive the MOSFET by applying a voltage to the gate capacitor at a predetermined time to the gate capacitor 150. [

The gate driver device shown in Fig. 1 does not include a resistor. The gate driver device shown in FIG. 1 includes a resonant inductor 160 and a storage capacitor 170. The gate driver device shown in FIG. 1 moves the energy stored in the gate capacitor 150 to the storage capacitor 170 and further transfers the energy stored in the storage capacitor 170 to the gate capacitor 150 to thereby apply a voltage to the gate capacitor 150 Can be changed.

The gate driver circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes a source power supply 120 supplying power to the gate terminal 130, a resonant inductor 160 connected in parallel with the gate capacitor 150, and a storage capacitor 170.

In addition, the gate driver circuit includes three switches 181, 182, and 183.

The first switch 181 opens and closes a power supply circuit for supplying power from the source power supply 120 to the gate terminal 130. [

The second switch 182 is disposed between the resonant inductor 160 and the gate terminal 130 to open and close the corresponding circuit.

The third switch 183 opens and closes a circuit connecting the node 140 between the resonant inductor 160 and the second switch 182 and the ground.

The gate driver circuit may control the open and close timing of each switch 181, 182 and 183 to change the voltage applied to the gate capacitor 150.

2 is a diagram showing the switching states of the switches included in the gate driver devices according to the exemplary embodiment.

The PWM signal 221 is a signal for synchronizing the switching times of the switches 222, 223, and 224. The synchronizing signal for each of the switches 222, 223 and 224 is synchronized with the PWM signal 221 to keep the switching time of each of the switches 222, 223 and 224 constant.

The gate driver repeats a certain period of operation to drive the MOSFET. The operation period of the gate driver can be divided into four time periods based on the switching time of each of the switches 222, 223, and 224.

Hereinafter, the operation of the gate driver according to each time period will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG.

로 클램핑 된다. 또한 공진 인덕터(360)에 흐르는 인덕터 전류

는 '0'이다. 따라서, 에너지 전송을 일어나지 않으며, 스토리지 캐패시터

(370)의 전압은

를 유지한다. 도 3에서는 각 스위치(381, 382, 383)들의 개방, 폐쇄로 인하여 활성화되는 부분이 굵은 선으로 표시되었다.3 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a first time interval. Since the structure of the gate driver shown in FIG. 3 is similar to that of the gate driver shown in FIG. 1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Before the first time interval, the first switch 381 is closed, and the gate terminal 330 is turned on,

. The inductor current flowing through the resonant inductor 360

Is '0'. Thus, no energy transfer takes place, and storage capacitors

The voltage of the capacitor 370 is

Lt; / RTI > In FIG. 3, portions activated by the opening and closing of the switches 381, 382 and 383 are indicated by thick lines.

에서, 제1 스위치(381) 및 제2 스위치(382)는 전류가 흐르지 않는 스위칭(ZCS: Zero Current Switching)을 통해 스위칭 된다. 제1 스위치(381)는 폐쇄 상태에서 개방 상태로 스위칭하고, 제2 스위치(382)는 개방 상태에서 폐쇄 상태로 스위칭한다. 제3 스위치(383)는 개방 상태를 유지한다.time

The first switch 381 and the second switch 382 are switched through ZCS (Zero Current Switching). The first switch 381 switches from the closed state to the open state, and the second switch 382 switches from the open state to the closed state. The third switch 383 maintains the open state.

(350)에 저장되었던 전하는 공진 인덕터

(360) 및 스토리지 캐패시터

(370)로 방전된다. 따라서, 게이트 캐패시터

(350)의 전압

(225)는 도 2와 같이 감소한다. 공진 인덕터

(360)에 흐르는 인덕터 전류

(226)은 도 2와 같이 마이너스(-)의 값을 가진다.Therefore,

The charge stored in the resonant inductor 350

(360) and storage capacitor

(370). Therefore,

(Not shown)

The number of pixels 225 decreases as shown in FIG. Resonant inductor

The inductor current flowing in the inductor 360

(226) has a negative value as shown in FIG.

(350)의 전압

및 공진 인덕터

(360)에 흐르는 인덕터 전류

는 하기 수학식 1 과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.
Here,

(Not shown)

And a resonance inductor

The inductor current flowing in the inductor 360

Can be expressed by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]

는 공진 인덕터

(360)의 인덕턴스 값과 게이트 캐패시터

(350)의 캐패시턴스 값에 따라 결정되는 공진 주파수로서 하기 수학식 2와 같이 결정될 수 있다.
here,

Resonant inductor

The inductance value of the gate capacitor 360,

Can be determined as a resonance frequency determined according to the capacitance value of the capacitor 350 according to Equation (2).

&Quot; (2) "

(350)에 인가되는 전압

는 하기 수학식 3과 같이 결정될 수 있다.
Also, before switching,

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 350 &

Can be determined as shown in Equation (3) below.

&Quot; (3) "

는 제1 시간 구간의 길이(231)이고,

는 제2 시간 구간의 길이(232)이다.

는 게이트 드라이버 장치가 동작하는 주기의 길이로서, 제1 시간 구간의 길이(231), 제2 시간 구간의 길이(232), 제3 시간 구간의 길이(233) 및 제4 시간 구간의 길이(234)를 모두 더한 값이다.here,

Is the length 231 of the first time interval,

Is the length 232 of the second time interval.

The length 231 of the first time section, the length 232 of the second time section, the length 233 of the third time section and the length 234 of the fourth time section 234 ).

는 게이트 캐패시터

(350)가 완전히 방전되어 게이트 캐패시터

(350)의 전압

이 '0'이 되는 시간으로 정의될 수 있다. 이 경우, 제1 시간 구간의 길이

는 하기 수학식 4와 같이 계산될 수 있다.
The length of the first time interval

Lt; / RTI >

(350) is completely discharged and the gate capacitor

(Not shown)

Is '0'. In this case, the length of the first time interval

Can be calculated as shown in Equation (4).

&Quot; (4) "

4 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a second time period. Since the structure of the gate driver shown in FIG. 4 is similar to that of the gate driver shown in FIG. 1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(212) 부터 시간

(214)까지의 시간 구간이다. 이 시간 구간에서, 제1 스위치(481)는 개방 상태를 유지하고, 제2 스위치(482)는 폐쇄 상태를 유지하고, 제3 스위치(483)는 개방 상태를 유지한다. 도 4에서는 각 스위치(481, 482, 483)들의 개방, 폐쇄로 인하여 활성화되는 부분이 굵은 선으로 표시되었다.The second time interval is a time interval subsequent to the first time interval and subsequent to the first time interval. In Figure 2, the second time interval is

(212) to the time

(214). In this time period, the first switch 481 maintains the open state, the second switch 482 maintains the closed state, and the third switch 483 maintains the open state. In FIG. 4, portions activated by the opening and closing of the switches 481, 482 and 483 are indicated by bold lines.

(212) 부터 시간

(213)까지의 시간 구간과

(213) 부터

(214)까지의 시간 구간으로 구분할 수 있다.The second time period is again

(212) to the time

(213)

(213) to

(214). ≪ / RTI >

에서, 제3 스위치(424)는 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태에서의 스위칭(ZVS: Zero Voltage Switching)을 통해 스위칭된다. 제1 시간 구간 동안에 공진 인덕터

(460)에 저장되었던 에너지는

(212) 부터 시간

(213)까지의 시간 구간 동안에 스토리지 캐패시터

(470)로 이동한다. 공진 인덕터

(460) 및 제3 스위치(483)를 통과하여 흐르는 인덕터 전류

는 감소한다.time

The third switch 424 is switched through ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching) in a state where no voltage is applied. During the first time interval,

(460) is < RTI ID = 0.0 >

(212) to the time

RTI ID = 0.0 > 213 < / RTI >

(470). Resonant inductor

The inductor current flowing through the first switch 460 and the third switch 483

.

(470)에 저장된 에너지는

(213) 부터

(214)까지의 시간 구간 동안에 공진 인덕터

(460)로 전달된다. 따라서, 스토리지 캐패시터

(470)의 전압

는 감소한다. 인덕터 전류

의 방향은 변경되고, 그 크기는 증가한다.Storage capacitor

(470) is < RTI ID = 0.0 >

(213) to

RTI ID = 0.0 > 214 < / RTI >

(460). Therefore,

(470)

. Inductor current

Direction is changed, and its size increases.

During the second time interval, the MSFET remains off.

은 하기 수학식 5와 같이 나타낼 수 있다.
Inductor current

Can be expressed by the following equation (5).

&Quot; (5) "

는 시간

(212)에서 인덕터 전류

의 값이다. 제2 시간 구간 동안의 인덕터 전류

는 스토리지 캐패시터

(470)의 값이 큰 경우 시간 t의 선형 함수로 근사화될 수 있다.
here,

Time

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 212 &

. The inductor current during the second time interval

The storage capacitor

Can be approximated to a linear function of time t if the value of the second term 470 is large.

5 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a third time interval. Since the structure of the gate driver shown in FIG. 5 is similar to that of the gate driver shown in FIG. 1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(214) 부터 시간

(215)까지의 시간 구간이다. And the third time interval is a time interval continuously located after the second time interval with the second time interval. In Figure 2, the third time interval is

(214) to time

(215).

(214) 이전의 인덕터 전류

는 스토리지 캐패시터

(570)에 저장된 에너지에 의해 증가한다. 시간

에서, 제2 스위치(582) 및 제3 스위치(583)는 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태에서의 스위칭을 통해 스위칭된다. As shown in Fig. 2

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > (214)

The storage capacitor

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 570 < / RTI > time

The second switch 582 and the third switch 583 are switched through switching in a state in which no voltage is applied.

In the third time period, the first switch 581 maintains the open state, the second switch 582 maintains the open state, and the third switch 583 maintains the open state. In FIG. 5, portions activated by the opening and closing of the switches 581, 582 and 583 are indicated by bold lines.

는 제2 스위치(582)의 프리휠링 다이오드를 통해 흐를 수 있다. 인덕터 전류

는 게이트 캐패시터

(550)를 초기값인

로 충전한다. 제3 시간 구간 동안에 인덕터 전류

(226)는 공진 인덕터

(560)과 게이트 캐패시터

(550)로 형성되는 LC 공진에 의해 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 '0'까지 감소한다.As shown in Fig. 5, the inductor current

May flow through the freewheeling diode of the second switch (582). Inductor current

Lt; / RTI >

(550) to the initial value

. During the third time interval, the inductor current

(226) comprises a resonant inductor

(560) and the gate capacitor

Is reduced to " 0 " as shown in Fig.

는 하기 수학식 6과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.
During the third time interval, the inductor current

Can be expressed by the following equation (6).

&Quot; (6) "

는 시간

(214)에서 인덕터 전류

의 값이다.
here,

Time

RTI ID = 0.0 > 214 < / RTI &

.

(550)의 전압

는 하기 수학식 7과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.
Also,

(Not shown)

Can be expressed by the following Equation (7).

&Quot; (7) "

는

와 동일한 값이고, 제3 시간 구간의 길이

는 제1 시간 구간의 길이

와 동일한 값이다.
In Equation (6)

The

And the length of the third time interval

The length of the first time interval

.

6 is a diagram illustrating operation of a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment during a fourth time interval. Since the structure of the gate driver shown in FIG. 6 is similar to that of the gate driver shown in FIG. 1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(215) 부터 시간

(216)까지의 시간 구간이다.The fourth time interval is a time interval subsequent to the third time interval and subsequent to the third time interval. In Figure 2, the fourth time interval

(215) to time

(216).

(215)에서, 제1 스위치(681)는 게이트 캐패시터(650)가 충전된 이후 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태에서의 스위칭을 통해 스위칭된다. 제4 시간 구간에서, 제1 스위치(681)는 폐쇄 상태를 유지하고, 제2 스위치(682)는 개방 상태를 유지하고, 제3 스위치(683)는 개방 상태를 유지한다. 도 6에서는 각 스위치(681, 682, 683)들의 개방, 폐쇄로 인하여 활성화되는 부분이 굵은 선으로 표시되었다.time

The first switch 681 is switched through the switching in a state where the voltage is not applied after the gate capacitor 650 is charged. In the fourth time interval, the first switch 681 maintains the closed state, the second switch 682 maintains the open state, and the third switch 683 maintains the open state. In FIG. 6, portions activated by the opening and closing of the switches 681, 682 and 683 are indicated by bold lines.

로 클램핑된다. 이 경우에, MOSFET는 온(ON) 상태를 유지한다.
When the first switch 681 is closed, the gate terminal 630 of the MOSFET

. In this case, the MOSFET remains on.

7 is a flowchart illustrating the driving method according to the exemplary embodiment step by step.

에 저장된 에너지는 공진 인덕터

및 스토리지 캐패시터

로 방전된다. 게이트 캐패시터

에 인가된 전압

은 점차로 감소하여 '0'에 도달한다.
In step 710, the first switch of the gate driver shown in Fig. 1 maintains the open state, the second switch maintains the closed state, and the third switch maintains the open state. Gate capacitor

The energy stored in the resonance inductor

And storage capacitors

≪ / RTI > Gate capacitor

≪ / RTI >

Gradually decreases to " 0 ".

In step 720, the first switch of the gate driver shown in Fig. 1 maintains the open state, the second switch maintains the closed state, and the third switch maintains the closed state.

에 저장되었던 에너지는 스토리지 캐패시터

로 이동한다. 에너지가 이동됨에 따라서, 공진 인덕터

을 통하여 흐르는 인덕터 전류는 점차 감소한다.Resonant inductor

The energy stored in the storage capacitor < RTI ID = 0.0 >

. As the energy is transferred, the resonant inductor

The inductor current flowing through the resistor becomes gradually decreased.

에 저장된 에너지는 다시 공진 인덕터

로 이동한다. 이 경우, 공진 인덕터

에 흐르는 인덕터 전류의 방향은 변경되고, 그 크기는 점차 증가한다. 스토리지 캐패시터

의 전압

는 감소한다.
Storage capacitor

The energy stored in the resonance inductor

. In this case,

The direction of the inductor current flowing through the resistor is changed, and its size gradually increases. Storage capacitor

The voltage of

.

In step 730, the first switch of the gate driver shown in Fig. 1 maintains the open state, the second switch maintains the open state, and the third switch maintains the open state.

에 흐르는 인덕터 전류

는 제2 스위치의 프리휠링 다이오드를 통해 흐를 수 있다. 인덕터 전류

는 게이트 캐패시터

를 초기값인

로 충전한다. 인덕터 전류

는 공진 인덕터

와 게이트 캐패시터

로 형성되는 LC 공진에 의해 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 '0'까지 감소한다.
Resonant inductor

Inductor current

Can flow through the freewheeling diode of the second switch. Inductor current

Lt; / RTI >

To the initial value

. Inductor current

Resonant inductor

And gate capacitors

To ' 0 ' as shown in Fig.

In step 740, the first switch of the gate driver shown in Fig. 1 maintains the closed state, the second switch maintains the open state, and the third switch maintains the open state.

로 클램핑되고, MOSFET는 온 상태를 유지한다.
As the first switch is closed, the gate terminal of the MOSFET

And the MOSFET remains on.

The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

110: MOSFET
120: Source power
130: gate terminal
150: gate capacitor
160: Resonant inductor
170: storage capacitor
181, 182, 183: switch

Claims (11)

A gate driver device comprising a gate capacitor connected to a gate terminal of a MOSFET, a resonance inductor connected in parallel with the gate capacitor, and a storage capacitor,
A first switch for opening / closing a power supply circuit for supplying power from the source power supply to the gate terminal;
A second switch; And
The third switch
Lt; / RTI >
The resonant inductor being located between the storage capacitor and the gate terminal,
The second switch opens and closes a circuit between the gate terminal and the resonant inductor,
And said third switch opens / closes a circuit connecting a node between said resonant inductor and said second switch to ground. The method according to claim 1,
During the first time interval,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the closed state,
And the third switch maintains the open state.
3. The method of claim 2,
During a second time interval subsequent to the first time interval after the first time interval,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the closed state,
And the third switch maintains the closed state.
The method of claim 3,
During a third time interval subsequent to the second time interval after the second time interval,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the open state,
And the third switch maintains the open state.
5. The method of claim 4,
During a fourth time interval subsequent to the third time interval after the third time interval,
The first switch maintains the closed state,
The second switch maintains the open state,
And the third switch maintains the open state.
In a method of driving a MOSFET,
A first switch for opening / closing a power supply circuit for supplying power from a source power supply to a gate terminal of the MOSFET;
A second switch for opening and closing a circuit between the resonant inductor and the gate terminal connected in series with the storage capacitor; And
A third switch for connecting a circuit connecting the node between the resonant inductor and the second switch to the ground,
And a gate driver for driving the MOSFET.
The method according to claim 6,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the closed state,
Wherein the third switch is in an open state,
≪ / RTI > 8. The method of claim 7,
After the first step,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the closed state,
The third switch is maintained in the closed state,
≪ / RTI > 9. The method of claim 8,
After the second step,
The first switch maintains the open state,
The second switch maintains the open state,
The third switch is maintained in an open state,
≪ / RTI > 10. The method of claim 9,
After the third step,
The first switch maintains the closed state,
The second switch maintains the open state,
The third switch is maintained in an open state,
≪ / RTI > A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the method according to any one of claims 6 to 10.

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